Prog. MATEMÁTICAS 1213

7/23/2019 Prog. MATEMTICAS 1213

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}n`gi 8&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

2' [lbfgfbl{ p }jigtli{ r`t|ib`fglr r|rbl}t`kjlr ol rl{ hf{d|jioir lg t{d`gfrditldt`bfr* ljikf{i{ p |t`jùi{ o`hl{lgtlr lrt{itlnìr }i{i ikf{oi{jir pigijùi{ jfr {lr|jtiofr |t`jùigof jfr {lb|{rfr dr i}{f}ìofr'

?' Oltlbti{ jfr ir}lbtfr ol ji {lij oio y|l rlig b|igt`h`bikjlr p y|l }l{d`tig`gtl{}{lti{ji dlef{5 |t`jùi{ tbg`bir ol {lbfnòi ol ji `ghf{dib`g p}{fblo`d`lgtfr ol dloòi p {lijùi{ lj igj`r`r ol jfr oitfr dloìgtl lj |rf olo`rt`gtir bjirlr ol gdl{fr p ji rljlbb`g ol jfr bjb|jfr i}{f}ìofr* tfof ljjfol ji hf{di dr iolb|ioi* rlng ji r`t|ib`g }jigtlioi'


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}n`gi >&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

dlo`f idk`lgtl* ji rij|o* lj bfgr|df* ji `n|ijoio lgt{l jfr rlqfr f jibfgx`xlgbì }ibh`bi'

2'$ DL_FOFJFNI

Lgt{l jfr d|bafr fkelt`xfr ol ji ditl{ì* rlijiofr dr i{{`ki* }fo{idfr bij`h`bi{bfdf h|goidlgtijlr jfr r`n|`lgtlr5

Olri{{fjji{ ji hib|jtio ol {iufgid`lgtf p ol ikrt{ibb`g' ]ftlgbì{ lj bi{btl{ hf{dit`xf ol r| i}{lgoùiel' ]{f}f{b`fgi{ |g jlgn|iel }{lb`rf p bfgb`rf }i{i `gtl{}{lti{ p igijùi{

b{t`bidlgtl ji n{ig bigtòio ol `ghf{dib`g y|l* olkòf ij n{ig olri{{fjjftlbgfjn`bf* gfr jjlni i t{ixr ol ji }{lgri* ji tljlx`r`g* ji {io`f* ltbtl{i'

Rl t{iti ol y|l lj ij|dgiof ioy|`l{i |gi hf{dib`g b`lgth`bi* gf bfdf |g h`g lg r*r`gf bfdf |g bfgfb`d`lgtf y|l jl }l{d`ti ij ij|dgiof ji bfd}{lgr`g p ji

`gtl{}{ltib`g ol ji {lijòio p jfr }{fkjldir ol{`xiofr ol ji d`rdi' Lrtf rjf rl}fo{ jfn{i{ r` lj olri{{fjjf ol jfr bfgtlgòfr }i{tl ol jf y|l bfgfbl lj ij|dgf p olr| lgtf{gf' ]f{ tigtf* ji }{lrlgtib`g p lj olri{{fjjf ol jfr bfgfb`d`lgtfr i `d}i{t`{bfd`lgui r`ld}{l }f{ {lb|{{`{ i r|r lq}l{`lgbìr }{lxìr* ol digl{i y|l }|loilrtikjlbl{ {ljib`fglr y|l }fr`kjldlgtl airti lrl dfdlgtf gf aipi {lijùiof' ]i{iljjf rl igijùi |g }{fkjldi hb`jdlgtl bfd}{lgr`kjl p rl `goini lg }{fkjldt`birr`d`ji{lr y|l lj ij|dgiof k|ry|l }f{ r d`rdf p lq}fgni' Ol lrti digl{i òlgt`h`bilj t`}f ol b|lrt`g i {lrfjxl{* jf {ljib`fgi p rl lgb|lgt{i lg |gi dlef{ o`r}fr`b`g}i{i ir`d`ji{ bdf lgh{lgti{ o`bai b|lrt`g f }{fkjldi' Bfg ljjf lgtlgoldfr y|l rljlr lrt dft`xigof }i{i ibblol{ i |gi g|lxi `ghf{dib`g'Lj }irf r`n|`lgtl rl{ |g {lbf{{òf }f{ jf y|l ditldt`bidlgtl pi bfgfblg p y|l jlrxi i rl{ glblri{`f }i{i ibblol{ i jfr g|lxfr bfgbl}tfr' Oiof y|l ji r`t|ib`g`go`xò|ij olj n{|}f ol ij|dgfr lr o`xl{ri* lg d|bair fbir`fglr rl aibl glblri{`ft{ikiei{ lg lrtl dfdlgtf p }{lxìdlgtl ij olri{{fjjf ol g|lxfr bfgbl}tfr* iy|ljjfrft{fr y|l r|}|lrtidlgtl pi t`lglg ioy|`{òfr' Lrtidfr lg ji {lx`r`g ol jf y|l pirikldfr']frtl{`f{dlgtl i lrti `goinib`g* rl }{fblol i olri{{fjji{ jfr g|lxfr bfgtlgòfrdloìgtl lq}j`bib`g p i}f{tib`fglr* lg fbir`fglr d|p `gtl{lrigtlr* ol jfr }{f}`frij|dgfr'Lj r`n|`lgtl }irf bfgr`rtl lg {lijùi{ ibt`xòiolr !lel{b`b`fr p }{fkjldir) y|l jlr}l{d`tig ihìgui{ p {lhf{ui{ jfr g|lxfr bfgbl}tfr* }{fblo`gofrl i ji bfgr`n|`lgtlbf{{lbb`g p {lx`r`g* p r` lr }{lb`rf* g|lxi lq}j`bib`g rfk{l ir}lbtfr y|l gf aipigy|loiof r|h`b`lgtldlgtl bji{`h`biofr'


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?'$ B[@_L[@FR OL BIJ@H@BIB@G P OL [LB\]L[IB@G 9 P ; L'R'F'

Lrtl ol}i{tidlgtf ai iof}tiof jfr r`n|`lgtlr b{`tl{`fr ol bij`h`bib`g5

9'$ Ji bij`h`bib`g lg bioi |gi ol jir t{lr lxij|ib`fglr* rl{ ji }i{tl lgtl{i ol jidloì }fgol{ioi lgt{l jfr bfgt{fjlr {lijùiofr i jf ji{nf ol ljjir p lj lqidlg h`gij olbioi lxij|ib`g* tlg`lgof rtl |g }lrf ofkjl* bfg ji bfgo`b`g ol y|l lrti jt`digfti rli ol ij dlgfr |g t{lr' Lg birf bfgt{i{`f* lj ij|dgf r|r}lgol{ ji lxij|ib`g'

;'$ Bioi lqidlg ol lxij|ib`g bfgtlgo{ ji }i{tl ol ji ditl{ì bfd}{lgoòiolrol lj }{`gb`}`f ol b|{rf airti lrl dfdlgtf* }|o`gofrl o`xò`{ rtl lqidlg lgofr* |gi xlu xijf{ioi ji lqtlgr`g olj bfgtlgòf }f{ lj }{fhlrf{'

2'$ Lg bioi lxij|ib`g* rl xijf{i{ lj t{ikief oì{`f* ir bfdf ji ibt`t|o' ]i{i y|l jilxij|ib`g tlgni |gi bij`h`bib`g }fr`t`xi* lj ij|dgf olkl{ fktlgl{ ij dlgfr &;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

\t`jùib`g ol jfr }{fo|btfr p o`x`r`fglr ol }ftlgbìr ol ji d`rdi kirl}i{i r`d}j`h`bi{ bjb|jfr ol }ftlgbìr'

Oltl{d`gib`g ol {iblr b|io{ioir lqibtir olrol |g }|gtf ol x`rtinlfdt{`bf'

Bjb|jf ol {iblr b|io{ioir lqibtir p lgtl{ir' Bjb|jf ol f}l{ib`fglr y|l `gbj|pig }ftlgbìr p {iblr' [lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir y|l {ly|`l{ig olj |rf ol }ftlgbìr p {iblr'

Ibt`t|olr

Xijf{ib`g ol ji }{lb`r`g olj jlgn|iel }i{i {l}{lrlgti{* bfd|g`bi{ p{lrfjxl{ r`t|ib`fglr ol ji xòi bftòìgi p r| |t`jòio'

Rlgr`k`jòio l `gtl{r igtl jir `ghf{dib`fglr p dlgrielr ol git|{ijluig|d{`bi'

[lbfgfb`d`lgtf p xijf{ib`g b{t`bi ol ji |t`jòio ol ji bijb|jiof{i }i{i{lijùi{ bjb|jfr g|d{`bfr'

I}{lb`f ol ji |t`jòio ol jir }ftlgbìr p {iblr lg o`rt`gtfr bfgtlqtfr'

B[@_L[@FR OL LXIJ\IB@G

9' Bijb|ji{ lj xijf{ ol }ftlgbìr git|{ijlr';' Lq}{lri{ gdl{fr n{igolr |t`jùigof }ftlgbìr ol kirl 9='2' R`d}j`h`bi{ bjb|jfr i }i{t`{ ol jir f}l{ib`fglr bfg }ftlgbìr'?' Bijb|ji{ ji {iu b|io{ioi* lqibti f lgtl{i* ol |g gdl{f git|{ij'


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@LR ]{fhlrf{ Dq`df _{|lki ]{`dl{f ol LRFOl}i{tidlgtf ol Ditldt`bir B|{rf ;=9;&;=92


bfd|glr* dq`df bfdg o`x`rf{' [ljib`g ol o`x`r`k`jòio' B{`tl{`fr olo`x`r`k`jòio'

]{f}`loiolr ol djt`}jfr p o`x`rf{lr ol |g gdl{f' Gdl{fr }{`dfr p bfd}|lrtfr' Olrbfd}fr`b`g lg hibtf{lr ol |g gdl{f

bfd}|lrtf' Olrbfd}fr`b`g lg hibtf{lr }{`dfr ol |g gdl{f bfd}|lrtf' Gdl{fr }{`dfr lgt{l r' Djt`}jfr p o`x`rf{lr ol |g gdl{f i }i{t`{ ol r| olrbfd}fr`b`g hibtf{ìj' Dg`df bfdg djt`}jf p dq`df bfdg o`x`rf{ i }i{t`{ ol ji

olrbfd}fr`b`g hibtf{ìj ol ofr f dr gdl{fr'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

[lbfgfb`d`lgtf p bjb|jf ol jfr djt`}jfr p o`x`rf{lr ol |g gdl{f' \t`jùib`g ol jfr b{`tl{`fr ol o`x`r`k`jòio }i{i olo|b`{ r` |g gdl{f lr f gf

o`x`r`kjl }f{ ft{f' Bjb|jfr }i{i bfd}{fki{ r` |g gdl{f lr }{`df fbfd}|lrtf'

Olrbfd}fr`b`g ol |g gdl{f lg hibtf{lr }{`dfr' Oltl{d`gib`g olj dg`df bfdg djt`}jf p lj dq`df bfdg o`x`rf{ ol

ofr f dr gdl{fr' Ljikf{ib`g p |t`jùib`g ol o`rt`gtir lrt{itlnìr }i{i lj bjb|jf olj d'b'd' p

olj D'B'O' [lrfj|b`g dlgtij ol }{fkjldir rlgb`jjfr {lhl{lgtlr i djt`}jfr p o`x`rf{lr

p i ji {ljib`g ol o`x`r`k`jòio' [lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir dr bfd}jlefr {ljit`xfr ij d'b'd' p lj D'B'O'

Ibt`t|olr

Rlgr`k`jòio* `gtl{r p xijf{ib`g b{t`bi i jir `ghf{dib`fglr p dlgrielr{ljib`fgiofr bfg ji o`x`r`k`jòio'

B|{`fròio l `gtl{r }f{ lgh{lgti{rl i }{fkjldir g|d{`bfr l `gxlrt`ni{ jir{ljib`fglr lgt{l gdl{fr'

Bfghìgui lg jir }{f}ìr bi}ibòiolr }i{i {lrfjxl{ }{fkjldir' Rlgr`k`jòio p n|rtf }f{ ji }{lrlgtib`g f{olgioi p bji{i olj }{fblrf

rln|òf lg @i {lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir ol o`x`r`k`jòio'


9' Bijb|ji{ jfr djt`}jfr p o`x`rf{lr ol |g gdl{f oiof';' O`hl{lgbì{ lgt{l jfr bfgbl}tfr ol djt`}jf p o`x`rf{'2' [lbfgfbl{ b|gof |g gdl{f lr o`x`r`kjl lgt{l ft{f f gf' Lg bfgb{ltf*

o`rb{`d`gi{ r` |g gdl{f lr o`x`r`kjl lgt{l ;* 2* < p 99'?' Oltl{d`gi{ r` |g gdl{f lr }{`df f bfd}|lrtf p* lg lrtl jt`df birf* rikl{

olrbfd}fgl{jf lg hibtf{lr }{`dfr'' \t`jùi{ jfr bfgbl}tfr i}{lgoòfr lg ji {lrfj|b`g ol rlgb jjfr }{fkjldir ol

o`x`r`k`jòio'


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FKEL_@XFR

9' Bfgfbl{ jfr gdl{fr lgtl{fr p {lbfgfbl{ r`t|ib`fglr lg jir y|l rl }{lb`ri r||rf'

;' [l}{lrlgti{ gdl{fr lgtl{fr lg ji {lbti g|d{`bi'2' Aijji{ lj xijf{ ikrfj|tf p lj f}|lrtf ol |g gdl{f lgtl{f'?' Bfd}i{i{ p f{olgi{ bfge|gtfr ol gdl{fr lgtl{fr'' Aijji{ lj xijf{ ol lq}{lr`fglr i{`tdt`bir bfg jir b|it{f f}l{ib`fglr bfggdl{fr lgtl{fr'

BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr

Gdl{fr lgtl{fr5 gdl{fr glnit`xfr p }fr`t`xfr' [l}{lrlgtib`g ol gdl{fr lgtl{fr' F{olgib`g p bfd}i{ib`g ol gdl{fr lgtl{fr' Xijf{ ikrfj|tf ol |g gdl{f lgtl{f' R|di p {lrti ol gdl{fr lgtl{fr' Lj F}|lrtf ol |g gdl{f lgtl{f' D|jt`}j`bib`g p o`x`r`g ol gdl{fr lgtl{fr' Ji {lnji ol jfr r`ngfr' Lq}{lr`fglr i{`tdt`bir ol gdl{fr lgtl{fr bfg jir b|it{f f}l{ib`fglr'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

[l}{lrlgtib`g p bfd}i{ib`g ol gdl{fr lgtl{fr }fr`t`xfr p glnit`xfr*`go`rt`gtidlgtl'

Fktlgb`g olj xijf{ ikrfj|tf p olj f}|lrtf ol |g gdl{f lgtl{f' Bjb|jf ol r|dir p {lrtir bfg gdl{fr lgtl{fr' Bjb|jf ol d|jt`}j`bib`fglr p o`x`r`fglr bfg gdl{fr lgtl{fr' [lrfj|b`g ol lq}{lr`fglr i{`tdt`bir bfg }i{gtlr`r p jir b|it{f

f}l{ib`fglr' [lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir y|l glblr`tlg olj |rf ol gdl{fr lgtl{fr'

Ibt`t|olr

[lbl}t`xòio* `gtl{r p xijf{ib`g b{t`bi igtl jir `ghf{dib`fglr p dlgrielrol git|{ijlui g|d{`bi'

]l{rlxl{igbì lg ji kry|loi ol rfj|b`fglr i }{fkjldir bfg gdl{frlgtl{fr'

[lr}ltf }f{ jir rfj|b`fglr i }{fkjldir o`rt`gtir ol jir }{f}ìr'

\G@OIO G 2

GDL[FR LG_L[FR


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}n`gi ;=&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92


9' [lbfgfbl{ p |t`jùi{ iolb|ioidlgtl jfr gdl{fr lgtl{fr lg jir r`t|ib`fglrbftòìgir'

;' [l}{lrlgti{ p bfd}i{i{ o`rt`gtfr gdl{fr lgtl{fr'2' Bijb|ji{ xijf{lr ikrfj|tfr p f}|lrtfr ol gdl{fr lgtl{fr'?' [lijùi{ bfg gdl{fr lgtl{fr jir f}l{ib`fglr ol r|di* {lrti* d|jt`}j`bib`g p

o`x`r`g* |t`jùigof bf{{lbtidlgtl* b|igof rli glblri{ì* ji {lnji ol jfr r`ngfr'


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}n`gi ;9&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

Bjb|jf ol h{ibb`fglr i }i{t`{ ol ji |gòio p i }i{t`{ ol |g bfb`lgtl' [l}{lrlgtib`g nlfdt{`bi ol h{ibb`fglr p lg ji {lbti g|d{`bi' Bjb|jf ol ji h{ibb`g ol |gi bigtòio' [ljib`g lgt{l gdl{f d`qtf p h{ibb`g `d}{f}ì' Fktlgb`g l òlgt`h`bib`g ol h{ibb`fglr ly|`xijlgtlr' Oltl{d`gib`g ol ji h{ibb`g `{{lo|b`kjl' I}j`bib`g ol ji {lo|bb`g i olgfd`giof{ bfdg }i{i bfd}i{i{ h{ibb`fglr' [lijùib`g ol r|dir p {lrtir ol h{ibb`fglr bfg o`rt`gtf olgfd`giof{' [lijùib`g ol d|jt`}j`bib`fglr ol h{ibb`fglr' Bjb|jf ol ji h{ibb`g `gxl{ri ol |gi h{ibb`g oioi' [lijùib`g ol o`x`r`fglr ol h{ibb`fglr' [lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir bfg h{ibb`fglr'

Ibt`t|olr

Xijf{ib`g ol ji }{lb`r`g* r`d}j`bòio p |t`jòio olj jlgn|iel g|d{`bfh{ibb`fgi{`f }i{i {l}{lrlgti{ f bfd|g`bi{ o`hl{lgtlr r`t|ib`fglr ol ji xòi

bftòìgi' [lbl}t`xòio* `gtl{r p xijf{ib`g b{t`bi igtl jir `ghf{dib`fglr p dlgrielr

ol git|{ijlui h{ibb`fgi{ì' I}{lb`f ol ji |t`jòio ol jir h{ibb`fglr lg o`rt`gtir r`t|ib`fglr ol ji xòi

bftòìgi' ]l{rlxl{igbì lg ji kry|loi ol rfj|b`fglr i }{fkjldir bfg gdl{fr

h{ibb`fgi{`fr' Rlgr`k`jòio p n|rtf }f{ ji }{lrlgtib`g f{olgioi p bji{i olj }{fblrf

rln|òf lg bjb|jfr p {lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir g|d{`bfr bfg h{ibb`fglr'


9' @olgt`h`bi{ h{ibb`fglr bfdf }i{tl ol ji |gòio';' Lq}{lri{ bfb`lgtlr lg hf{di ol h{ibb`g'2' [l}{lrlgti{ h{ibb`fglr nlfdt{`bidlgtl p lg ji {lbti g|d{`bi'?' Fktlgl{ ji h{ibb`g ol |gi bigtòio'' R`d}j`h`bi{ p id}j h`bi{ h{ibb`fglr p bijb|ji{ r|r h{ibb`fglr `{{lo|b`kjlr'1' [lo|b`{ i olgfd`giof{ bfdg ofr f dr h{ibb`fglr'0' Bfd}i{i{ p f{olgi{ h{ibb`fglr y|l t`lglg `n|ij g|dl{iof{ f olgfd`giof{'9=' Bfd}i{i{ p f{olgi{ h{ibb`fglr y|l t`lglg o`rt`gtf g|dl{iof{ f olgfd`giof{'99' [lijùi{ f}l{ib`fglr bfg h{ibb`fglr'

9;' Aijji{ ji h{ibb`g `gxl{ri ol b|ijy|`l{ h{ibb`g'92' [lrfjxl{ }{fkjldir bftòìgfr dloìgtl f}l{ib`fglr bfg h{ibb`fglr'


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}n`gi ;;&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

FKEL_@XFR

9' Lrtikjlbl{ ly|`xijlgbìr lgt{l {olglr ol |gòio lgtl{fr p&f olb`dijlr';' Lrb{`k`{ bf{{lbtidlgtl |g gdl{f olb`dij b|ijy|`l{i'2' F{olgi{ gdl{fr olb`dijlr p {l}{lrlgti{jfr lg |gi {lbti g|d{`bi'?' Lgbfgt{i{ ji lq}{lr`g olb`dij ol |gi h{ibb`g'' Bfd}{lgol{ lj r`rtldi dt{`bf olb`dij p jfr bidk`fr ol |gòio'1' \t`jùi{ bf{{lbtidlgtl jfr bidk`fr ol |gòio lg dloòir ol t`ld}f'0' D|jt`}j`bi{ p o`xò`{ gdl{fr olb`dijlr* lg }i{t`b|ji{ b|igof i}i{lblg

}ftlgbìr ol 9='9=' Aibl{ |rf ol jfr gdl{fr olb`dijlr }i{i {lrfjxl{ }{fkjldir'

BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr

Jfr gdl{fr olb`dijlr' F{olgib`g p {l}{lrlgtib`g ol gdl{fr olb`dijlr' Lq}{lr`g olb`dij ol |gi h{ibb`g' I}{fq`dib`g ol |g gdl{f olb`dij' R|di p {lrti ol gdl{fr olb`dijlr' D|jt`}j`bib`g p o`x`r`g ol gdl{fr olb`dijlr' \gòiolr olj r`rtldi dt{`bf olb`dij' \gòiolr ol t`ld}f'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

Jlbt|{i p lrb{`t|{i ol gdl{fr olb`dijlr' @olgt`h`bib`g p {l}{lrlgtib`g ol gdl{fr olb`dijlr lg ji {lbti {lij' F{olgib`g p bfd}i{ib`g ol gdl{fr olb`dijlr' Bjb|jf ol ji lq}{lr`g olb`dij lqibti f }l{ò`bi ol |gi h{ibb`g' [lofgolf ol gdl{fr olb`dijlr i b|ijy|`l{ f{olg ol |gòio' Bjb|jf ol r|dir p {lrtir ol gdl{fr olb`dijlr' Bjb|jf ol d|jt`}j`bib`fglr p o`x`r`fglr ol gdl{fr olb`dijlr' ]irf ol |gi |gòio ol dloòi i ft{i |gòio o`rt`gti'

Ibt`t|olr

@gtl{r p xijf{ib`g b{t`bi lg ji `gtl{}{ltib`g ol jfr dlgrielr olgit|{ijlui g|d{`bi }{lrlgtlr lg ji xòi bftòìgi'

Ld}jlf ol ji bijb|jiof{i bfdf al{{id`lgti y|l hib`j`ti jfr bjb|jfr bfglq}{lr`fglr olb`dijlr'

Bfghìgui lg jir }{f}ìr bi}ibòiolr }i{i }jigtli{ p {lrfjxl{ }{fkjldir

{lijùigof jir i}{fq`dib`fglr }{lb`rir'

\G@OIO G &;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

9'2'$BFG_LG@OFR OL JI DI_L[@I P O@R_[@K\B@G _LD]F[IJ 2L'R'F'

Kjfy|l 9' Bfgtlgòfr bfd|glr

]jig`h`bib`g p |t`jùib`g ol lrt{itlnìr lg ji {lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir* tijlrbfdf igj`r`r lj {lb|lgtf lqai|rt`xf* ji `go|bb`g f ji kry|loi ol }{fkjldirih`glr* p bfd}{fkib`g olj ie|rtl ol ji rfj|b`g i ji r`t|ib`g }jigtlioi'

Olrb{`}b`g xl{kij ol {ljib`fglr b|igt`tit`xir p lr}ibìjlr p }{fblo`d`lgtfr ol{lrfj|b`g |t`jùigof ji dltfofjfni }{lb`ri'

@gtl{}{ltib`g ol dlgrielr y|l bfgtlgnig `ghf{dib`fglr ol bi{btl{b|igt`tit`xf f r`dkj`bf f rfk{l ljldlgtfr f {ljib`fglr lr}ibìjlr'

Bfghìgui lg jir }{f}ìr bi}ibòiolr }i{i ih{fgti{ }{fkjldir* bfd}{lgol{ jir{ljib`fglr ditldt`bir p tfdi{ olb`r`fglr i }i{t`{ ol ljjir'

]l{rlxl{igbì p hjlq`k`jòio lg ji kry|loi ol rfj|b`fglr i jfr }{fkjldir p lgji dlef{i ol jir lgbfgt{ioir

\t`jùib`g ol al{{id`lgtir tlbgfjn`bir }i{i hib`j`ti{ jfr bjb|jfr ol t`}f

g|d{`bf* ijnlk{i`bf f lrtiort`bf* jir {l}{lrlgtib`fglr h|gb`fgijlr p jibfd}{lr`g ol }{f}`loiolr nlfdt{`bir'

Kjfy|l ;' Gdl{fr !9= Rldigir)

Gdl{fr {ib`fgijlr' Bfd}i{ib`g* f{olgib`g p {l}{lrlgtib`g rfk{l ji {lbti' Olb`dijlr p h{ibb`fglr' _{igrhf{dib`g ol h{ibb`fglr lg olb`dijlr p

x`blxl{ri' [l}irf ol }{fkjldir ol dbo p dbd !bo`) F}l{ib`fglr bfg h{ibb`fglr p olb`dijlr' El{i{y|i ol jir f}l{ib`fglr p |rf olj }i{gtlr`r' ]ftlgbìr ol lq}fglgtl lgtl{f p h{ibb`fgi{`f' R`ng`h`biof p }{f}`loiolr' R|

i}j`bib`g }i{i ji lq}{lr`g ol gdl{fr d|p n{igolr p d|p }ly|lfr'F}l{ib`fglr bfg gdl{fr lq}{lriofr lg gftib`g b`lgth`bi' \rf ol jibijb|jiof{i'

[io`bijlr' R|di* {lrti* d|jt`}j`bib`g p o`x`r`g ol {io`bijlr olj d`rdf go`bl'[ib`fgijùib`g bfg {iblr b|io{ioir'

I}{fq`dib`g p l{{f{lr' L{{f{ ikrfj|tf p l{{f{ {ljit`xf' \t`jùib`g oli}{fq`dib`fglr p {lofgolfr lg ji {lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir ol ji xòi bftòìgibfg ji }{lb`r`g {ly|l{òi }f{ ji r`t|ib`g }jigtlioi'

[lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir lg jfr y|l `gtl{x`lgl ji }{f}f{b`fgijòio o`{lbti f

`gxl{ri' [l}i{tfr }{f}f{b`fgijlr' @gtl{r r`d}jl' ]f{blgtielr lgbiolgiofr'

Kjfy|l 2' jnlk{i !9 }i{tl) !1 Rldigir)

Lrt|o`f ol jir {ln|ji{òiolr* {ljib`fglr p }{f}`loiolr y|l i}i{lblg lgbfge|gtfr ol gdl{fr'

_{io|bb`g ol r`t|ib`fglr olj jlgn|iel xl{kij ij ijnlk{i`bf' ]fj`gfd`fr' Xijf{ g|d{`bf' F}l{ib`fglr ljldlgtijlr bfg }fj`gfd`fr' O`x`r`g

}f{ lj dtfof ol [|hh`g`' Olrbfd}fr`b`g hibtf{ìj ol }fj`gfd`fr ol {iblr

lgtl{ir'


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@LR ]{fhlrf{ Dq`df _{|lki _l{bl{f ol LRFOl}i{tidlgtf ol Ditldt`bir B|{rf ;=9;&;=92


[lrfj|b`g ijnlk{i`bi ol lb|ib`fglr ol }{`dl{ n{iof p ol r`rtldir ol ofrlb|ib`fglr j`glijlr bfg ofr gbng`tir'

[lrfj|b`g ijnlk{i`bi ol lb|ib`fglr ol rln|gof n{iof' Rfj|b`fglr lqibtir pi}{fq`dib`fglr olb`dijlr'

[lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir dloìgtl ji |t`jùib`g ol lb|ib`fglr p r`rtldir'@gtl{}{ltib`g b{`t`bi ol jir rfj|b`fglr

Kjfy|l ?' H|gb`fglr p n{h`bir !< Rldigir)

[ljib`fglr h|gb`fgijlr' O`rt`gtir hf{dir ol lq}{lri{ |gi h|gb`g' Bfgrt{|bb`fglr ol tikjir ol xijf{lr i }i{t`{ ol lg|gbìofr* lq}{lr`fglr

ijnlk{i`bir f n{ih`bir rlgb`jjir' Lrt|o`f n{ih`bf p ijnlk{i`bf ol jir h|gb`fglr bfgrtigtlr* j`glijlr p ih`glr' \t`jùib`g ol dfoljfr j`glijlr }i{i lrt|oì{ r`t|ib`fglr }{fxlg`lgtlr ol jfr

o`hl{lgtlr dk`tfr ol bfgfb`d`lgtf p ol ji xòi bftòìgi* dloìgtl ji

bfghlbb`g ol ji tikji* ji {l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi p ji fktlgb`g ol ji lq}{lr`gijnlk{i`bi' @gt{fo|bb`g i ji h|gb`g b|io{t`bi' Ljikf{ib`fglr ol n{ih`bir bfgt`g|ir f o`rbfgt`g|ir i }i{t`{ ol |g lg|gbìof*

|gi tikji ol xijf{lr f |gi lq}{lr`g ijnlk{i`bi rlgb`jji' Lrt|o`f n{ih`bf ol |gi h|gb`g5 b{lb`d`lgtf p olb{lb`d`lgtf* dq`dfr p

dg`dfr* r`dlt{ir* bfgt`g|òio p }l{`fo`bòio' Igj`r`r p olrb{`}b`g oln{ih`bir y|l {l}{lrlgtig hlgdlgfr olj lgtf{gf bftòìgf'

\rf ol jir tlbgfjfnir ol ji `ghf{dib`g }i{i lj igj`r`r p {lbfgfb`d`lgtf ol}{f}`loiolr ol h|gb`fglr'

Hf{d|jib`g ol bfgelt|{ir rfk{l lj hlgdlgf {l}{lrlgtiof }f{ |gi n{ih`bi prfk{l r| lq}{lr`g ijnlk{i`bi'

Kjfy|l


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}n`gi >;&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

0' Bfgfbl{ jfr gdl{fr {ib`fgijlr p |t`jùi{jfr }i{i b|igt`h`bi{ l `gtl{}{lti{r`t|ib`fglr {ljib`fgioir bfg ji xòi {lij* r`lgof bfgrb`lgtlr ol jfr o`hl{lgtlr|rfr y|l }|lolg aibl{rl bfg jfr d`rdfr5 bfdf f}l{iof{lr* bfdf bfb`lgtlr*bfdf dloòir'

9=' @olgt`h`bi{* o`hl{lgbì{ p {ljib`fgi{ gdl{fr git|{ijlr* lgtl{fr p {ib`fgijlr'99' Bfd}i{i{* f{olgi{ p {l}{lrlgti{ n{h`bidlgtl gdl{fr {ib`fgijlr

}{lrlgtiofr lg hf{di h{ibb`fgi{ì'9;' Bfgfbl{ p |t`jùi{ ol hf{di bf{{lbti jir }{f}`loiolr ol jir f}l{ib`fglr

ljldlgtijlr p ol ji }ftlgbìb`g ol lq}fglgtl lgtl{f lgt{l gdl{fr{ib`fgijlr'

92' \t`jùi{ p }ftlgbì{ jir tbg`bir ol bjb|jf dlgtij lg jir f}l{ib`fglr bfg{ib`fgijlr* rfk{l tfof jir {ljit`xir i r`d}j`h`bib`g ol h{ibb`fglr'

9?' Bijb|ji{ lq}{lr`fglr g|d{`bir rlgb`jjir ol gdl{fr {ib`fgijlr }{lrlgtiofrlg hf{di h{ibb`fgi{ì* i}j`bigof bfg rfjt|{i ji }{`f{òio f}l{ib`fgij p lj |rfolj }i{gtlr`r'

9


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}n`gi >8&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

Bfgbl}tfr

Lq}{lr`fglr ijnlk{i`bir' Xijf{ g|d{`bf ol |gi lq}{lr`g ijnlk{i`bi' Lq}{lr`fglr ijnlk{i`bir ly|`xijlgtlr' Dfgfd`fr p }fj`gfd`fr' Ljldlgtfr p xijf{ g|d{`bf' R|di* {lrti* d|jt`}j`bib`g p }ftlgbìb`g ol dfgfd`fr p }fj`gfd`fr' @olgtòiolr gftikjlr' O`x`r`k`jòio ol }fj`gfd`fr' Djt`}jfr p o`x`rf{lr' O`x`r`g ol }fj`gfd`fr' ]{f}`loio h|goidlgtij ol ji o`x`r`g' [lnji ol [|hh`g`' _lf{ldi olj {lrtf'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

Bfgrt{|bb`g ol lq}{lr`fglr ijnlk{i`bir' Bjb|jf olj xijf{ g|d{`bf ol |gi lq}{lr`g ijnlk{i`bi' Fktlgb`g ol r|dir* {lrtir p d|jt`}j`bib`fglr ol }fj`gfd`fr' \t`jùib`g ol jir òlgtòiolr gftikjlr lg jfr bjb|jfr p lg ji hibtf{ùib`g

ol }fj`gfd`fr' \t`jùib`g ol ji {lnji ol }{`f{òio p olj |rf olj }i{gtlr`r lg ji {lo|bb`g

ol lq}{lr`fglr bfdk`gioir ol }fj`gfd`fr' Fktlgb`g olj bfb`lgtl p lj {lrtf ol |gi o`x`r`g ol }fj`gfd`fr' \t`jùib`g ol ji {lnji ol [|hh`g` lg ji o`x`r`g ol }fj`gfd`fr }f{ k`gfd`fr

ol ji hf{di q $ i' I}j`bib`g olj tlf{ldi olj {lrtf lg ibt`xòiolr {ljib`fgioir bfg ji

o`x`r`k`jòio p hibtf{ùib`g ol |g }fj`gfd`f'

Ibt`t|olr

Xijf{ib`g ol ji }{lb`r`g* r`d}j`bòio p |t`jòio olj jlgn|iel ijnlk{i`bf

}i{i {l}{lrlgti{ f `gtl{}{lti{ r`t|ib`fglr p }{fkjldir ol ji xòi bftòìgi' Rlgr`k`jòio* b|{`fròio l `gtl{r igtl `ghf{dib`fglr p dlgrielr ol

git|{ijlui ijnlk{i`bi' Ioy|`r`b`g ol ak`tfr ol t{ikief iolb|iofr !f{olg* bji{òio* }{lb`r`g p

j`d}`lui) lg ji {lijùib`g ol ibt`xòiolr ijnlk{i`bir' Bfghìgui p i|tflrt`di rfk{l jir }{f}ìr bi}ibòiolr i ji af{i ol ih{fgti{

}{fkjldir p {lijùi{ bjb|jfr ijnlk{i`bfr bfg }fj`gfd`fr' ]l{rlxl{igbì lg ji kry|loi ol rfj|b`fglr i jir ibt`xòiolr ol bjb|jf

bfg }fj`gfd`fr'


9' _{io|b`{ ij jlgn|iel ijnlk{i`bf rlgb`jjir h{irlr kirioir lg bfgbl}tfr p}{fblo`d`lgtfr ditldt`bfr pi bfgfbòfr }f{ jfr ij|dgfr'

;' Jll{ l `gtl{}{lti{ lq}{lr`fglr ijnlk{i`bir òlgt`h`bigof bfg }{lb`r`g bioi |gfol r|r bfd}fglgtlr'

2' Fktlgl{ xijf{lr g|d{`bfr ol }fj`gfd`fr }i{i xijf{lr {ib`fgijlr ol r|r`goltl{d`gioir'

?' @olgt`h`bi{ dfgfd`fr rldleigtlr p {lbfgfbl{ lj n{iof ol |g dfgfd`f p ol |g}fj`gfd`f bfg xi{ìr `goltl{d`gioir'

' O`xò`{ ofr }fj`gfd`fr }f{ lj dtfof t{io`b`fgij p* b|igof rli }fr`kjl*

dloìgtl ji {lnji ol [|hh`g`'


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}n`gi >0&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

?' Xijf{i{ ji rlgb`jjlu p }{lb`r`g y|l i}f{ti lj jlgn|iel ijnlk{i`bf lg lj}jigtlid`lgtf p ji {lrfj|b`g ijnlk{i`bi ol }{fkjldir g|d{`bfr'

BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr

Lb|ib`g j`glij bfg ofr `gbng`tir' Rfj|b`fglr' R`rtldi ol lb|ib`fglr j`glijlr bfg ofr `gbng`tir' Rfj|b`fglr'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

[lrfj|b`g ijnlk{i`bi ol |gi lb|ib`g j`glij bfg ofr `gbng`tir' [lrfj|b`g ijnlk{i`bi ol |g r`rtldi ol lb|ib`fglr j`glijlr bfg ofr

`gbng`tir'

Ibt`t|olr

[lbfgfb`d`lgtf p xijf{ib`g ol jfr dtfofr }{f}`fr olj jnlk{i bfdf xi

}i{i }jigtli{ p {lrfjxl{ r`t|ib`fglr }{fkjldt`bir {ljib`fgioir bfg jir}{f}ìr ditldt`bir* ji hr`bi* ji git|{ijlui f bfg lj lgtf{gf bftòìgf oljfr ij|dgfr'

Bfghìgui lg jir }{f}ìr bi}ibòiolr }i{i ih{fgti{ }{fkjldir p {lrfjxl{jfr}f{ dtfofr igijt`bfr f ijnlk{i`bfr


9' Fktlgl{ o`rt`gtir rfj|b`fglr ol |gi lb|ib`g j`glij bfg ofr `gbng`tir';' O`rb|t`{ ji bfd}it`k`jòio ol |g r`rtldi ol lb|ib`fglr j`glijlr bfg ofr

`gbng`tir i }i{t`{ ol jfr bflh`b`lgtlr ol r|r lb|ib`fglr'2' [lrfjxl{ |g r`rtldi ol lb|ib`fglr j`glijlr bfg ofr `gbng`tir }f{ jfr

dtfofr ol r|rt`t|b`g* `n|ijib`g p {lo|bb`g'?' [lrfjxl{ }{fkjldir rlgb`jjfr* }i{t`lgof olj }jigtlid`lgtf p {lrfj|b`g ol |g

r`rtldi ol lb|ib`fglr j`glijlr bfg ofr `gbng`tir'

FKEL_@XFR

9' Bfgfbl{ p o`rt`gn|`{ jfr bfgbl}tfr ol bf{{lr}fgolgbì p h|gb`g* lg b|ijy|`l{iol r|r lq}{lr`fglr* p hid`jì{ùi{rl bfg r| tl{d`gfjfni'

\G@OIO G 8

H\GB@FGLR


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_{igrhf{dib`g ol lg|gbìofr p lb|ib`fglr lg tikjir p n{h`bir' Fktlgb`g olj ofd`g`f* {lbf{{òf* `dnlglr* `gtl{xijfr ol olh`g`b`g* ltb'*

ol |gi h|gb`g i t{ixr ol r| n{h`bi' [lbfgfb`d`lgtf ol n{h`bir h|gb`fgijlr p gf h|gb`fgijlr' Igj`r`r n{h`bf ol b{lb`d`lgtf p olb{lb`d`lgtf* }|gtfr lqt{ldfr* r`dlt{ir*

}l{`fo`bòio p bfgt`g|òio ol |gi h|gb`g' Lrt|o`f bfd}i{it`xf ol ofr n{h`bir h|gb`fgijlr' @gtl{}{ltib`g ol jir }{f}`loiolr n{h`bir ol |gi h|gb`g' \t`jùib`g ol }{fn{idir `ghf{dt`bfr lg lj igj`r`r ljldlgtij ol ji n{h`bi

ol |gi h|gb`g rlgb`jji' @gtl{}{ltib`g n{h`bi ol |gi lb|ib`g j`glij bfg ofr gbng`tir' @gtl{}{ltib`g ol ji f{`lgtib`g ol |gi {lbti i }i{t`{ ol r| }lgo`lgtl' Fktlgb`g ol ji lb|ib`g ol |gi {lbti i }i{t`{ ol ofr }|gtfr f ol r|

}lgo`lgtl p r| f{olgioi lg lj f{`nlg' O`rb|r`g ol jir }fr`kjlr }fr`b`fglr {ljit`xir ol ofr {lbtir lg lj }jigf i

}i{t`{ ol r|r lb|ib`fglr lq}jb`tir f `d}jb`tir' @gtl{}{ltib`g p {lrfj|b`g n{h`bi ol |g r`rtldi ol lb|ib`fglr j`glijlr bfg

ofr `gbng`tir' @gtl{}{ltib`g ol ji n{h`bi ol |gi h|gb`g }fj`gd`bi ol n{iof ;' Fktlgb`g ol ji n{h`bi ol |gi h|gb`g }fj`gd`bi ol rln|gof n{iof i

}i{t`{ ol r| lb|ib`g'

Ibt`t|olr

[lbfgfb`d`lgtf p xijf{ib`g ol ji |t`jòio olj jlgn|iel n{h`bf }i{i{l}{lrlgti{ p {lrfjxl{ }{fkjldir ol ji xòi bftòìgi'

Xijf{ib`g ol ji `gbòlgbì ol jfr g|lxfr dlo`fr tlbgfjn`bfr lg ljt{itid`lgtf p {l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi ol `ghf{dib`fglr ol gofjl d|p

o`xl{ri' [lbfgfb`d`lgtf p xijf{ib`g ol jir {ljib`fglr lgt{l lj jlgn|iel n{h`bf p

ft{fr bfgbl}tfr p jlgn|ielr ditldt`bfr' B|{`fròio }f{ `gxlrt`ni{ {ljib`fglr lgt{l ding`t|olr f hlgdlgfr' Rlgr`k`jòio* `gtl{r p xijf{ib`g b{t`bi olj |rf olj jlgn|iel n{h`bf lg

`ghf{dib`fglr p i{n|dlgtib`fglr rfbìjlr* lbfgd`bir f ol ft{i gofjly|l lrtg {ljib`fgioir bfg ji xòi bftòìgi ol jfr ij|dgfr'

Rlgr`k`jòio p n|rtf }f{ ji }{lb`r`g* lj f{olg p ji bji{òio lg lj t{itid`lgtfp }{lrlgtib`g ol tikjir p n{h`bir


9' [lbfgfbl{ lj t`}f ol bf{{lr}fgolgbì y|l rl lrtikjlbl lgt{l ofr xi{ìkjlrlq}{lrioir i }i{t`{ ol |gi tikji* |gi {lnji xl{kij* |gi lb|ib`g f |gin{h`bi'

;' Bfgfbl{ p {ljib`fgi{ jir o`hl{lgtlr hf{dir ol lq}{lri{ |gi h|gb`g'2' Fktlgl{ lj ofd`g`f p lj {lbf{{òf ol |gi h|gb`g i }i{t`{ ol r| n{h`bi'?' Bfgfbl{ p diglei{ lj r`rtldi ol {l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi lg lj }jigf* ol

digl{i y|l rl }|loig {lijùi{ igj`r`r rfk{l lj bfd}f{tid`lgtf olj }i{ !q*p)'


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B{`tl{`fr ol rldleigui lgt{l t{`gn|jfr' B{`tl{`fr ol rldleigui lgt{l t{`gn|jfr {lbtgn|jfr' [iug lgt{l }l{dlt{fr ol h`n|{ir }jigir rldleigtlr' [iug lgt{l {lir ol h`n|{ir }jigir rldleigtlr' [iug lgt{l xfjdlglr ol b|l{}fr rldleigtlr' _lf{ldi olj bitltf' _lf{ldi ol ji ijt|{i' _lf{ldi ol ]`tnf{ir lg lj }jigf' _lf{ldi ol ]`tnf{ir lg lj lr}ib`f' [ljib`fglr lgt{l jfr jiofr ol |g t{`gn|jf b|ijlry|`l{i'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

Oldfrt{ib`g olj tlf{ldi ol _ijlr p r|r i}j`bib`fglr dr `gdloìtir' O`x`r`g ol |g rlndlgtf lg }i{tlr `n|ijlr f }{f}f{b`fgijlr' Bfgrt{|bb`g olj b|i{tf }{f}f{b`fgij ol t{lr rlndlgtfr oiofr' Bfgrt{|bb`g olj tl{bl{f }{f}f{b`fgij ol ofr rlndlgtfr oiofr' Oltlbb`g p olrb{`}b`g ol h`n|{ir nlfdt{`bir rldleigtlr lg lj lgtf{gf

bftòìgf' Bfgrt{|bb`g ol }fjnfgfr rldleigtlr i |gf oiof' @olgt`h`bib`g ol ljldlgtfr }{f}f{b`fgijlr lg h`n|{ir rldleigtlr i }i{t`{ ol

|gi ibt`xòio f lg |g }{fkjldi* lg|dl{ib`g ol ljldlgtfr bfgfbòfr p}f{ bfgfbl{'

\t`jùib`g ol jfr t`jlr ol o`k|ef lg ji `gtl{}{ltib`g n{h`bi ol |g }{fkjldip lg ji }{bt`bi ol ji lrt{itlnì kirioi lg lj }{`gb`}`f nlfdt{`bf ol y|ljf y|l rl bfgrt{|pl n{h`bidlgtl* lq`rtl p rl }|lol bfd}{fki{'

Oldfrt{ib`g p i}j`bib`g ol jfr tlf{ldir ol ji ijt|{i p olj bitltf' Oldfrt{ib`g p i}j`bib`g olj tlf{ldi ol ]`tnf{ir* lg lj }jigf p lg

lr}ib`f' Fktlgb`g p i}j`bib`g ol jir {ljib`fglr lgt{l jfr jiofr ol |g t{`gn|jf

b|ijlry|`l{i'

Ibt`t|olr

Xijf{ib`g ol ji }{lb`r`g* r`d}j`bòio p |t`jòio olj jlgn|iel nlfdt{`bf}i{i {lrfjxl{* {l}{lrlgti{ f `gtl{}{lti{ r`t|ib`fglr p }{fkjldir ol ji xòibftòìgi'

Rlgr`k`jùib`g igtl jir b|ijòiolr lrtt`bir y|l ji rldleigui i}f{ti lg ljd|gof olj i{tl* ji tbg`bi p ji git|{ijlui'

Ioy|`r`b`g ol ak`tfr ol t{ikief iolb|iofr !f{olg* bji{òio* }{lb`r`g*j`d}`lui) lg ji {lijùib`g ol ibt`xòiolr nlfdt{`bir'

Xijf{ib`g* b|òiof p }{lb`r`g lg lj diglef ol jfr `grt{|dlgtfr ol o`k|efp dloòi'


9' Bfgfbl{ p e|rt`h`bi{ lj tlf{ldi ol _ijlr p i}j`bi{jf }i{i {lrfjxl{ }{fkjldirnlfdt{`bfr rlgb`jjfr kiriofr lg ji }{f}f{b`fgijòio lgt{l rlndlgtfr'

;' Bijb|ji{ l `gtl{}{lti{ ji {iug ol rldleigui i }i{t`{ ol jir {ljib`fglr lgt{l jfrjiofr afdjfnfr ol ofr }fjnfgfr rldleigtlr'


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}n`gi 1?&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

2' Bfgrt{|`{ t{`gn|jfr p }fjnfgfr rlgb`jjfr* rldleigtlr i ft{fr oiofr i }i{t`{ olji {iug ol rldleigui'

?' Bfgfbl{ jfr b{`tl{`fr ol rldleigui lgt{l }fjnfgfr lg nlgl{ij p lgt{lt{`gn|jfr lg }i{t`b|ji{ p |t`jùi{jfr lg ji {lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir nlfdt{`bfrrlgb`jjfr bfgtlqt|ijùiofr lg lj lgtf{gf bftòìgf ol jfr ij|dgfr'

' Rlgr`k`jùi{rl igtl ji kljjlui i}f{tioi }f{ jfr ljldlgtfr nlfdt{`bfr

dig`hlrtiofr i t{ixr ol ji git|{ijlui p ol ji fk{i a|digi lg nlgl{ij'

BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr

_{igrhf{dib`g nlfdt{`bi }jigi' @rfdlt{i' Rldleigui' _{irjib`g' @gxi{ìgtlr ol |gi t{irjib`g' Xlbtf{ hèf olj }jigf' F{`nlg* lqt{ldf* do|jf* o`{lbb`g p rlgtòf' Xlbtf{ j`k{l olj }jigf' Do|jf* o`{lbb`g p rlgtòf' Bff{olgioir ol |g xlbtf{ j`k{l' N`{f' @gxi{ìgtlr ol |g n`{f' R`dlt{i iqìj p blgt{ij' H`n|{ir r`dt{`bir' @gxi{ìgtlr ol |gi r`dlt{i' Bfd}fr`b`g ol t{irjib`fglr* n`{fr p r`dlt{ir' @rfdlt{ir lg lj lr}ib`f' H{`rfr p dfri`bfr'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

@olgt`h`bib`g ol t{igrhf{dib`fglr rfdt{`bir p gf rfdt{`bir'

\G@OIO G 1

DFX@D@LG_FR


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}n`gi 0=&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

]i{dlt{fr ol o`r}l{r`g5 {lbf{{òf* b|i{t`jlr* {ignf `gtl{b|i{tj`bf*olrxìb`g dloì* xi{ìgui p olrxìb`g t}`bi'

Bflh`b`lgtl ol xi{ìb`g'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

Ljlbb`g ol |gi d|lrt{i {l}{lrlgtit`xi ol |gi oltl{d`gioi }fkjib`g' F{nigùib`g p bjir`h`bib`g ol oitfr lrtiort`bfr' Ljikf{ib`g ol tikjir ol o`rt{`k|b`g ol h{lb|lgbìr' Fktlgb`g ol h{lb|lgbìr ikrfj|tir* {ljit`xir p }f{blgt|ijlr' Ljikf{ib`g ol |g n{h`bf lrtiort`bf iolb|iof ij t`}f ol hlgdlgf y|l rl

y|`l{l {l}{lrlgti{' _{igrhf{dib`g ol tikjir lg n{h`bfr* p x`blxl{ri' Bjb|jf ol jfr }i{dlt{fr lrtiort`bfr irfbìofr i |gi o`rt{`k|b`g ol

h{lb|lgbìr'

\t`jùib`g ol jir dloòir ol blgt{ijùib`g p ol o`r}l{r`g }i{i hf{d|ji{bfgelt|{ir rfk{l lj bfd}f{tid`lgtf ol |gi }fkjib`g' Bfd}i{ib`g ol }fkjib`fglr o`hl{lgtlr igtl |gi d`rdi dloòi

lrtiort`bi'

Ibt`t|olr

Xijf{ib`g ol ji }{lb`r`g* r`d}j`bòio p |t`jòio olj jlgn|iel lrtiort`bf}i{i {lrfjxl{* {l}{lrlgti{ f `gtl{}{lti{ r`t|ib`fglr p }{fkjldir ol ji xòibftòìgi'

Rlgr`k`jùib`g* `gtl{r p xijf{ib`g b{t`bi igtl jir i}f{tib`fglr ol jilrtiort`bi i ji bfd|g`bib`g* ji lbfgfdi* ji }fjt`bi f jir `ghf{dib`fglrb`lgth`bir'

Ioy|`r`b`g ol ak`tfr ol t{ikief iolb|iofr !f{olg* bji{òio* }{lb`r`g pj`d}`lui) lg ji {lijùib`g ol ibt`xòiolr lrtiort`bir'

[lr}ltf }f{ jir f}`g`fglr o`rb{l}igtlr p hjlq`k`jòio }i{i bidkì{ p ibl}ti{ft{ir }{f}|lrtir lg |g olkitl rfk{l ibt`xòiolr {ljit`xir i ji lrtiort`bi'

[lbfgfb`d`lgtf p xijf{ib`g olj t{ikief lg ly|`}f bfdf digl{i drlh`biu ol {lijùi{ ti{lir {ljib`fgioir bfg ji lrtiort`bi5 }jig`h`bib`g olti{lir* tfdi ol oitfr p olkitl ol bfgbj|r`fglr'


9' Bfgfbl{ p diglei{ iolb|ioidlgtl jfr t{d`gfr irfbìofr ij jlgn|iel |r|ij

ol ji lrtiort`bi |gò`dlgr`fgij';' @gtl{}{lti{ `ghf{dib`fglr lrtiort`bir y|l i}i{lubig lg jfr dlo`fr ol

`ghf{dib`g* i t{ixr ol tikjir f n{h`bir'2' Ljln`{ jir d|lrt{ir y|l {l}{lrlgtlg ol ji digl{i dr iolb|ioi i |gi

oltl{d`gioi }fkjib`g lrtiort`bi i }i{t`{ ol rlgb`jjfr leld}jfr p ibt`xòiolr{ljib`fgioir bfg lj lgtf{gf bftòìgf olj ij|dgf'

?' [l}{lrlgti{ jfr oitfr ol |gi xi{ìkjl lrtiort`bi dloìgtl |gi tikji f |gn{h`bf lrtiort`bf iolb|iof'


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@LR ]{fhlrf{ Dq`df _{|lki B|i{tf ol LRFOl}i{tidlgtf ol Ditldt`bir B|{rf ;=9;&;=92


LO\BIB@G RLB\GOI[@I FKJ@NI_F[@I

?L'R'F F]B@G I p F]B@G K'

9'$BFGRLB\B@G OL JIR BFD]L_LGB@IR KR@BIR';'$B[@_L[@FR OL LXIJ\IB@G'

9'$BFGRLB\B@G OL JIR BFD]L_LGB@IR KR@BIR

Olrol lj {li ol Ditldt`bir rl bfgt{`k|pl i ji ioy|`r`b`g ol jir bfd}ltlgbìrkr`bir dloìgtl ji ioy|`r`b`g* i r| xlu* ol jir r`n|`lgtlr r|kbfd}ltlgbìr5

9' Ditldt`bi

\t`jùi{ lj }lgrid`lgtf ditldt`bf }i{i `gtl{}{lti{ p olrb{`k`{ ji{lijòio* ir bfdf }i{i ibt|i{ rfk{l ljji'

I}j`bi{ olrt{luir p olri{{fjji{ ibt`t|olr }i{i {iufgi{ditldt`bidlgtl'

Bfd}{lgol{ |gi i{n|dlgtib`g ditldt`bi' Lq}{lri{rl p bfd|g`bi{rl i t{ixr olj jlgn|iel ditldt`bf' \t`jùi{ l `gtln{i{ lj bfgfb`d`lgtf ditldt`bf bfg ft{fr t`}fr ol

bfgfb`d`lgtf }i{i fktlgl{ bfgbj|r`fglr* {lo|b`{ ji `gbl{tò|dk{l plgh{lgti{rl i r`t|ib`fglr bftòìgir ol o`hl{lgtlr n{iofr olbfd}jleòio'

;' Bfd}ltlgbì lg bfd|g`bib`g j`gnrt bi

Ld}jli{ lj jlgn|iel ditldt`bf ol hf{di f{ij p lrb{`ti }i{i hf{dijùi{lj }lgrid`lgtf'

\t`jùi{ jir jlplr ditldt`bir }i{i lq}{lri{ p bfd|g`bi{ òlir ol |gdfof }{lb`rf p r`gtt`bf'

2' Bfd}ltlgbì lg bfgfb`d`lgtf l `gtl{ibb`g bfg lj d|gof hr`bf

O`rb{`d`gi{ hf{dir* {ljib`fglr p lrt{|bt|{ir nlfdt{`bir' _{igrhl{`{ hf{dir p {l}{lrlgtib`fglr lgt{l lj }jigf p lj lr}ib`f'

@olgt`h`bi{ dfoljfr p |ri{jfr }i{i lqt{il{ bfgbj|r`fglr'

?' Bfd}ltlgbì o`n`tij p olj t{itid`lgtf ol ji `ghf{dib`g

Diglei{ al{{id`lgtir tlbgfjn`bir }i{i {lrfjxl{ }{fkjldir' \t`jùi{ jfr jlgn|ielr n{h`bf p lrtiort`bf }i{i gtl{}{lti{ ji {lijòio

{l}{lrlgtioi }f{ jfr dlo`fr ol bfd|g`bib`g' Diglei{ jfr jlgn|ielr git|{ij* g|d{`bf* n{h`bf* nlfdt{`bf p

ijnlk{i`bf }i{i {ljib`fgi{ lj t{itid`lgtf ol ji `ghf{dib`g bfg r|lq}l{`lgbì'


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}n`gi 0>&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

9'$BFG_LG@OFR PR\ O@R_[@K\B@G _LD]F[IJ' ?L'R'F' !F]B@G I)

Kjfy|l 9' Bfgtlgòfr bfd|glr

]jig`h`bib`g p |t`jùib`g ol }{fblrfr ol {iufgid`lgtf p lrt{itlnìr ol{lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir tijlr bfdf ji ld`r`g p e|rt`h`bib`g ol a`}tlr`r f jinlgl{ijùib`g'

Lq}{lr`g xl{kij ol i{n|dlgtib`fglr* {ljib`fglr b|igt`tit`xir p lr}ibìjlr p}{fblo`d`lgtfr ol {lrfj|b`g bfg ji }{lb`r`g p {`nf{ iolb|iofr i ji r`t|ib`g'

@gtl{}{ltib`g ol dlgrielr y|l bfgtlgnig i{n|dlgtib`fglr f `ghf{dib`fglrol bi{btl{ b|igt`tit`xf f rfk{l ljldlgtfr f {ljib`fglr lr}ibìjlr'

Bfghìgui lg jir }{f}ìr bi}ibòiolr }i{i ih{fgti{ }{fkjldir* bfd}{lgol{ jir{ljib`fglr ditldt`bir p tfdi{ olb`r`fglr i }i{t`{ ol ljjir'

]l{rlxl{igbì p hjlq`k`jòio lg ji kry|loi ol rfj|b`fglr i jfr }{fkjldir p lgji dlef{i ol jir lgbfgt{ioir'

\t`jùib`g ol al{{id`lgtir tlbgfjn`bir }i{i hib`j`ti{ jfr bjb|jfr ol t`}fg|d{`bf* ijnlk{i`bf f lrtiort`bf* jir {l}{lrlgtib`fglr h|gb`fgijlr p jibfd}{lgr`g ol }{f}`loiolr nlfdt{`bir'

Kjfy|l ;' Gdl{fr !9= Rldigir)

!\'9') F}l{ib`fglr bfg gdl{fr lgtl{fr* h{ibb`fglr p olb`dijlr' !\';') Olb`dijlr `gh`g`tfr gf }l{ò`bfr5 gdl{fr `{{ib`fgijlr' !\';') Lq}{lr`g olb`dij ol jfr gdl{fr `{{ib`fgijlr' !\'2') Gftib`g b`lgth`bi' F}l{ib`fglr rlgb`jjir bfg gdl{fr lg gftib`g

b`lgth`bi bfg p r`g bijb|jiof{i' !\'2') ]ftlgbìr ol lq}fglgtl h{ibb`fgi{`f' [io`bijlr ly|`xijlgtlr'

F}l{ib`fglr bfg {io`bijlr g|d{`bfr rlgb`jjfr' !\'2') @gtl{}{ltib`g p |t`jùib`g ol jfr gdl{fr p jir f}l{ib`fglr lg

o`hl{lgtlr bfgtlqtfr* lj`n`lgof ji gftib`g p }{lb`r`g dr iolb|io lg bioibirf'

!\'?') ]{f}f{b`fgijòio o`{lbti l `gxl{ri5 {lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir' !\'?') Jfr }f{blgtielr lg ji lbfgfdi' I|dlgtfr p o`rd`g|b`fglr

}f{blgt|ijlr' ]f{blgtielr lgbiolgiofr' @gtl{r r`d}jl p bfd}|lrtf' !\'?') \rf ol ji afei ol bjb|jf }i{i ji f{nigùib`g ol bjb|jfr irfbìofr i ji

{lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir bftòìgfr p h`gigb`l{fr'

!\';') @gtl{xijfr5 t`}fr p r`ng`h`biof' !\';') [l}{lrlgtib`g ol gdl{fr lg ji {lbti g|d{`bi'

Kjfy|l 2' jnlk{i !1 Rldigir)

!\'


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9' [lijùi{ f}l{ib`fglr bfg gdl{fr lgtl{fr'

;' @olgt`h`bi{ p fktlgl{ h{ibb`fglr ly|`xijlgtlr'2' Lhlbt|i{ f}l{ib`fglr bfg h{ibb`fglr'?' [lrfjxl{ }{fkjldir y|l }{lb`rlg ol jfr gdl{fr lgtl{fr p&f ol h{ibb`fglr'

FKEL_@XFR

9' Bfgfbl{ jfr gdl{fr {ib`fgijlr* `{{ib`fgijlr p {lijlr';' Fktlgl{ ji lq}{lr`g ol |gi h{ibb`g lg hf{di olb`dij p ol |g gdl{f olb`dij

lg hf{di ol h{ibb`g'2' [l}{lrlgti{ p f{olgi{ gdl{fr {lijlr'?' Lq}{lri{ bfge|gtfr ol gdl{fr {lijlr dloìgtl `gtl{xijfr'


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}n`gi 9=;&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

Bjb|jf p {lo|bb`g ol }ftlgbìr ol lq}fglgtl glnit`xf'

Lq}{lr`g ol gdl{fr lg gftib`g b`lgth`bi' Bjb|jfr lg gftib`g b`lgth`bi' [lrfj|b`g ol f}l{ib`fglr bfg {io`bijlr' \t`jùib`g ol ji bijb|jiof{i bfg }ftlgbìr* gftib`g b`lgth`bi p {io`bijlr'

Ibt`t|olr

[lbl}t`xòio l `gtl{r igtl jir `ghf{dib`fglr ol git|{ijlui g|d{`bi' [lbfgfb`d`lgtf p xijf{ib`g b{t`bi ol ji |t`jòio ol ji bijb|jiof{i' B|{`fròio }f{ jir {ljib`fglr ol gofjl g|d{`bi' @gtl{r p {lr}ltf }f{ jir rfj|b`fglr i}f{tioir }f{ jfr bfd}il{fr'


9' [lijùi{ f}l{ib`fglr bfg }ftlgbìr';' \t`jùi{ jir }{f}`loiolr ol jir }ftlgbìr }i{i {lo|b`{ lq}{lr`fglr'2' Lq}{lri{ gdl{fr lg gftib`g b`lgth`bi p f}l{i{ bfg ljjfr'?' Aijji{ lj xijf{ ol {io`bijlr ol b|ijy|`l{ go`bl'


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Rlgr`k`jòio p n|rtf }f{ ji }{lb`r`g* lj f{olg p ji bji{òio lg lj t{itid`lgtfp ji }{lrlgtib`g ol tikjir p n{h`bir'


9' Bijb|ji{ ji }lgo`lgtl p ji f{olgioi lg lj f{`nlg ol |gi {lbti';' [l}{lrlgti{ h|gb`fglr ih`glr* b|io{t`bir* `gxl{rir p lq}fglgbìjlr i }i{t`{ ol

r| lq}{lr`g ijnlk{i`bi p x`blxl{ri'2' Fktlgl{ lj x{t`bl* lj lel ol r`dlt{i* jfr }|gtfr ol bf{tl ol |gi h|gb`g

b|io{t`bi'?' [l}{lrlgti{ h|gb`fglr olh`gòir }f{ `gtl{xijfr'

FKEL_@XFR

9' \t`jùi{ tikjir p n{h`bfr }i{i {l}{lrlgti{ o`rt{`k|b`fglr lrtiort`bir';' Bfgfbl{ p bfd}{lgol{ jfr }i{dlt{fr ol blgt{ijùib`g* r|r bi{ibtl{rt`bir p

r| {l}{lrlgtit`xòio'2' Bfgfbl{ p bfd}{lgol{ jfr }i{dlt{fr ol o`r}l{r`g p r| |t`jòio'?' \t`jùi{ oìn{idir ol bieir'


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BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr

Iui{ p }{fkik`jòio' @oli ol lq}l{`dlgtf ijlitf{`f p r|blrf' H{lb|lgbì p}{fkik`jòio ol |g r|blrf'

Lq}l{`lgbìr bfd}|lrtir' \t`jùib`g ol tikjir ol bfgt`gnlgbì p oìn{idir ol{kfj }i{i ji ir`ngib`g ol }{fkik`jòiolr'

\t`jùib`g olj xfbik|ji{`f iolb|iof }i{i olrb{`k`{ p b|igt`h`bi{ r`t|ib`fglr{ljib`fgioir bfg lj iui{'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

Bjb|jf ol }{fkik`jòiolr dloìgtl ji {lnji ol Ji}jibl' O`rt`gb`g lgt{l r|blrfr ol}lgo`lgtlr l `gol}lgo`lgtlr' Bjb|jf ol }{fkik`jòiolr bfgo`b`fgioir p }{fkik`jòiolr ol ji

`gtl{rlbb`g ol r|blrfr' \t`jùib`g ol oìn{idir ol }{fkik`jòio p ol tikjir ol bfgt`gnlgbì lg lj

bjb|jf ol }{fkik`jòiolr' @olgt`h`bib`g ol r|blrfr bfd}it`kjlr l `gbfd}it`kjlr' Bjb|jf ol

}{fkik`jòiolr ol ji |g`g ol r|blrfr' [lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir bftòìgfr'

Ibt`t|olr

[lbfgfb`d`lgtf p xijf{ib`g ol ji |t`jòio ol ji }{fkik`jòio }i{i {lrfjxl{}{fkjldir ol ji xòi bftòìgi'

@gtl{r p {lr}ltf }f{ jir lrt{itlnìr ielgir }i{i {lrfjxl{ ibt`xòiolr p}{fkjldir ol }{fkik`jòio'

Rlgr`k`jòio p n|rtf }f{ ji }{lb`r`g* lj f{olg p ji bji{òio lg lj t{itid`lgtfp ji }{lrlgtib`g ol oìn{idir p ol tikjir'


9' [lrfjxl{ r`t|ib`fglr ijlitf{ìr dloìgtl ji {lnji ol Ji}jibl';' I}j`bi{ jir }{f}`loiolr kr`bir ol ji }{fkik`jòio lg ji {lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir'2' \t`jùi{ ji }{fkik`jòio bfgo`b`fgioi lg ji {lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir'?' \t`jùi{ tikjir ol bfgt`gnlgbì p oìn{idir ol }{fkik`jòio }i{i {lrfjxl{

r`t|ib`fglr ijlitf{ìr'


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9'$BFG_LG@OFR PR\ O@R_[@K\B@G _LD]F[IJ ? L'R'F !F]B@G K)

Kjfy|l ' Bfgtlgòfr bfd|glr

]jig`h`bib`g p |t`jùib`g ol }{fblrfr ol {iufgid`lgtf p lrt{itlnìr ol{lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir tijlr bfdf ji ld`r`g p e|rt`h`bib`g ola`}tlr`r f ji nlgl{ijùib`g'

Lq}{lr`g xl{kij ol i{n|dlgtib`fglr* {ljib`fglr b|igt`tit`xir plr}ibìjlr p }{fblo`d`lgtfr ol {lrfj|b`g bfg ji }{lb`r`g p {`nf{iolb|iofr i ji r`t|ib`g'

@gtl{}{ltib`g ol dlgrielr y|l bfgtlgnig i{n|dlgtib`fglr f`ghf{dib`fglr ol bi{btl{ b|igt`tit`xf f rfk{l ljldlgtfr f {ljib`fglrlr}ibìjlr'

Bfghìgui lg jir }{f}ìr bi}ibòiolr }i{i ih{fgti{ }{fkjldir*

bfd}{lgol{ jir {ljib`fglr ditldt`bir p tfdi{ olb`r`fglr i }i{t`{ olljjir'

]l{rlxl{igbì p hjlq`k`jòio lg ji kry|loi ol rfj|b`fglr i jfr}{fkjldir p lg ji dlef{i ol jir lgbfgt{ioir'

\t`jùib`g ol al{{id`lgtir tlbgfjn`bir }i{i hib`j`ti{ jfr bjb|jfr ol t`}fg|d{`bf* ijnlk{i`bf f lrtiort`bf* jir {l}{lrlgtib`fglr h|gb`fgijlr p jibfd}{lgr`g ol }{f}`loiolr nlfdt{`bir'

Kjfy|l ; ' Nlfdlt{i' !9= rldigir)'

@oli `gt|`t`xi ol rldleigui' H`n|{ir rldleigtlr' [iug ol rldleiguilgt{l jfgn`t|olr* {lir p xfjdlglr' _lf{ldi ol _ijlr' I}j`bib`g ijbjb|jf ol dloòir `go`{lbtir'

[iufglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir ol |g gn|jf in|of' [ljib`fglr lgt{l {iufglrt{`nfgfdt{`bir

[iufglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir ol b|ijy|`l{ gn|jf' [lo|bb`g ij }{`dl{b|io{igtl'

[lrfj|b`g ol lb|ib`fglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir rlgb`jjir' @olgtòiolr t{`nfgfdt{`bir' [lrfj|b`g ol t{`gn|jfr {lbtgn|jfr* i}j`bib`g i }{fkjldir olj d|gof

hr`bf5 dloòi ol jfgn`t|olr* {lir p xfjdlglr' \rf ol ji bijb|jiof{i b`lgth`bi }i{i ji fktlgb`g ol gn|jfr p{iufglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir

@g`bìb`g i ji nlfdlt{i igijt`bi }jigi' Bff{olgioir ol }|gtfr' Xlbtf{lr' [ljib`g lgt{l jir bff{olgioir ol }|gtfr p xlbtf{lr O`rtigbì lgt{l ofr }|gtfr' Do|jf ol |g xlbtf{' Bjb|jf olj }|gtf

dlo`f ol |g rlndlgtf Lb|ib`g xlbtf{ìj ol ji {lbti' @gbòlgbì p }i{ijlj`rdf lgt{l {lbtir

olrol |g }|gtf ol x`rti n{h`bf'


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Kjfy|l


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}n`gi 9;=&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr

Ji b`{b|ghl{lgbì nfg`fdt{`bi' gn|jfr dipf{lr ol 28= p dlgf{lr ol 28='

[iufglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir ol |g gn|jf b|ijy|`l{i' ]{f}`loiolr' [ljib`g ol {iufglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir ol gn|jfr bfd}jldlgti{`fr*

r|}jldlgti{`fr* f}|lrtfr p y|l o`h`l{lg lg 91=' _lf{ldi olj rlgf' _lf{ldi olj bfrlgf'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

[l}{lrlgtib`g ol gn|jfr lg ji b`{b|ghl{lgbì nfg`fdt{`bi' [lo|bb`g ol gn|jfr ij }{`dl{ n`{f' Bjb|jf ol {iufglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir ol |g gn|jf b|ijy|`l{i' Oltl{d`gib`g olj r`ngf ol jir {iufglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir ol |g gn|jf

b|ijy|`l{i' [l}{lrlgtib`g ol gn|jfr p bjb|jf ol jir {iufglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir ol

gn|jfr {ljib`fgiofr lgt{l r' Fktlgb`g ol |g gn|jf i }i{t`{ ol |gi {iug t{`nfgfdt{`bi p olj

b|io{igtl ij y|l }l{tlglbl' [lrfj|b`g ol t{`gn|jfr i}j`bigof jfr tlf{ldir olj rlgf p olj bfrlgf'

Ibt`t|olr

Hjlq`k`jòio }i{i lgh{lgti{rl i ibt`xòiolr t{`nfgfdt{`bir olrol o`rt`gtfr}|gtfr ol x`rti'

Ioy|`r`b`g ol ak`tfr ol t{ikief iolb|iofr lg ji {lijùib`g olibt`xòiolr bfg {iufglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir'

Bfghìgui lg jir }{f}ìr bi}ibòiolr }i{i ih{fgti{ ibt`xòiolr p {lijùi{bjb|jfr p f}l{ib`fglr bfg ji bijb|jiof{i'


9' [l}{lrlgti{ gn|jfr lg ji b`{b|ghl{lgbì nfg`fdt{`bi';' Aijji{ jir {iufglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir ol |g gn|jf bfgfbòf lj }|gtf ol jib`{b|ghl{lgbì nfg`fdt{`bi'

2' Aijji{ jir {iufglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir ol |g gn|jf i }i{t`{ ol |gi ol ljjir'?' Oltl{d`gi{ jfr r`ngfr ol jir {iufglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir ol |g gn|jf b|ijy|`l{i'' \t`jùi{ ji bijb|jiof{i }i{i fktlgl{ |g gn|jf bfgfbòi |gi ol r|r {iufglr

t{`nfgfdt{`bir p lj b|io{igtl ij y|l }l{tlglbl'


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}n`gi 9;9&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

FKEL_@XFR

9' Bfd}{lgol{ y| rfg jfr xlbtf{lr hèfr lg lj }jigf p {lbfgfbl{ r|r ljldlgtfrbi{ibtl{rt`bfr'

;' [lbfgfbl{ r` ofr f dr xlbtf{lr rfg ly|`}fjlgtlr'2' Bfd}{lgol{ y| lr |g xlbtf{ j`k{l'?' [lijùi{ f}l{ib`fglr ol hf{di n{h`bi bfg xlbtf{lr j`k{lr'' [ljib`g lgt{l jir bff{olgioir ol }|gtfr p xlbtf{lr1' Aijji{ lj do|jf ol |g xlbtf{* ji o`rtigbì lgt{l ofr }|gtfr p lj }|gtf dlo`f ol

|g rlndlgtf'0' I}j`bi{ jfr bfgfb`d`lgtfr rfk{l xlbtf{lr i ji {lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir

nlfdt{`bfr5 @olgt`h`bib`g ol t{`gn|jfr `rrbljlr f ly|`jtl{fr3 òlgt`h`bib`gol }i{ijljfn{idfr* ltbtl{i'

9='

BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr

Xlbtf{ hèf' F{`nlg p lqt{ldf' Do|jf* o`{lbb`g p rlgtòf' Xlbtf{lr j`k{lr p xlbtf{lr ly|`}fjlgtlr' F}l{ib`fglr bfg xlbtf{lr j`k{lr' Bff{olgioir ol |g xlbtf{' F}l{ib`fglr bfg xlbtf{lr' Do|jf ol |g xlbtf{' O`rtigbì lgt{l ofr }|gtfr' ]|gtf dlo`f ol |g rlndlgtf

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

[l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi ol xlbtf{lr j`k{lr' Bjb|jf ol jir bff{olgioir ol |g xlbtf{' [l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi ol xlbtf{lr i }i{t`{ ol r|r bff{olgioir'

@olgt`h`bib`g ol xlbtf{lr ly|`}fjlgtlr p j`k{lr lg jfr lelr bff{olgiofr' Bjb|jf ol r|dir p {lrtir ol xlbtf{lr p d|jt`}j`bib`fglr ol |g gdl{f }f{

|g xlbtf{' Bjb|jf olj do|jf ol |g xlbtf{* ji o`rtigbì lgt{l ofr }|gtfr p lj }|gtf

dlo`f ol |g rlndlgtf' [lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir nlfdt{`bfr bfg xlbtf{lr'

Ibt`t|olr

Rlgr`k`jòio p n|rtf }f{ ji }{lb`r`g* lj f{olg p ji bji{òio lg ji {lrfj|b`gol ibt`xòiolr bfg xlbtf{lr'

@gtl{r p {lr}ltf }f{ jir lrt{itlnìr ielgir }i{i {lrfjxl{ ibt`xòiolr bfgxlbtf{lr'

\G@OIO G 2

XLB_F[LR


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}n`gi 9;;&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

[lbfgfb`d`lgtf p xijf{ib`g ol jfr xlbtf{lr bfdf xi }i{i }jigtli{ p{lrfjxl{ r`t|ib`fglr }{f}ìr ol jir ditldt`bir p ol ft{ir {lir b`lgth`bir'


9' Oltl{d`gi{ jfr ljldlgtfr ol |g xlbtf{ j`k{l p {l}{lrlgti{jf lg lj }jigf';' Bfd}{fki{ r` xi{`fr xlbtf{lr rfg f gf ly|`}fjlgtlr'2' F}l{i{ bfg xlbtf{lr j`k{lr'?' Oltl{d`gi{ jir bff{olgioir ol |g xlbtf{ i }i{t`{ ol jir bff{olgioir ol r|

f{`nlg p r| lqt{ldf'' Aijji{ ji o`rtigbì lgt{l ofr }|gtfr oiofr'1' Bijb|ji{ lj }|gtf dlo`f ol |g rlndlgtf* f bfd}{fki{ r` |g }|gtf oiof lr f gf

lj }|gtf dlo`f ol |g rlndlgtf'

0' [lrfjxl{ }{fkjldir nlfdt{`bfr |t`jùigof do|jfr ol xlbtf{lr* o`rtigbìrlgt{l }|gtfr p }|gtfr dlo`fr ol rlndlgtfr'

FKEL_@XFR

9' Bfd}{lgol{ jir o`rt`gtir oltl{d`gib`fglr ol |gi {lbti* lr}lbìjdlgtl jioltl{d`gib`g j`glij

;' Bfgfbl{ lj r`ng`h`biof ol ji }lgo`lgtl ol |gi {lbti p ji hf{di ol aijji{ji'2' Fktlgl{ jir o`rt`gtir hf{dir ol lq}{lri{ ji lb|ib`g ol |gi {lbti p jir

{ljib`fglr lgt{l ljjir'?' @olgt`h`bi{ jir }fr`b`fglr {ljit`xir ol ofr {lbtir'

BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr

Oltl{d`gib`g j`glij ol |gi {lbti p ft{ir oltl{d`gib`fglr' ]lgo`lgtl ol|gi {lbti'

Lb|ib`fglr ol ji {lbti' ]fr`b`fglr {ljit`xir ol ofr {lbtir5 {lbtir rlbigtlr* {lbtir }i{ijljir* {lbtir

bf`gbòlgtlr'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

[l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi ol |gi {lbti i }i{t`{ ol |gi oltl{d`gib`g ol lrti' Fktlgb`g ol ji oltl{d`gib`g j`glij i }i{t`{ ol r| {l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi' Bjb|jf ol ji }lgo`lgtl ol |gi {lbti' Oltl{d`gib`g ol jir lb|ib`fglr ol |gi {lbti' Lrt|o`f ol ji }fr`b`g {ljit`xi ol ofr {lbtir'

\G@OIO G ?

LB\IB@FGLR OL JI [LB_I


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}n`gi 9;>&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

FKEL_@XFR

9' @olgt`h`bi{ {iblr ol }fj`gfd`fr bfg rfj|b`fglr ol lb|ib`fglr;' [lrfjxl{ lb|ib`fglr ol n{iof dipf{ y|l ofr }f{ olrbfd}fr`b`g ol

}fj`gfd`fr'2' Bfgfbl{ p {lrfjxl{ lb|ib`fglr {ib`fgijlr'?' Bfgfbl{ p {lrfjxl{ lb|ib`fglr k`b|io{ioir l `{{ib`fgijlr'' [lrfjxl{ r`rtldir ol lb|ib`fglr ol rln|gof n{iof'1' \t`jùi{ jir lb|ib`fglr }i{i {lrfjxl{ }{fkjldir ol ji xòi bftòìgi'

BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr

Lb|ib`fglr ol n{iof dipf{ y|l ofr' Lb|ib`fglr {ib`fgijlr' Lb|ib`fglr k`b|io{ioir' Lb|ib`fglr {{ib`fgijlr' R`rtldir ol lb|ib`fglr j`glijlr' R`rtldir ol lb|ib`fglr ol rln|gof n{iof'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

[ljib`g lgt{l hibtf{ùib`g ol }fj`gfd`fr p {lrfj|b`g ol lb|ib`fglr oln{iof dipf{ y|l ofr'

[lrfj|b`g ol lb|ib`fglr {ib`fgijlr' [lrfj|b`g ol lb|ib`fglr k`b|io{ioir' [lrfj|b`g ol lb|ib`fglr `{{ib`fgijlr* l òlgt`h`bib`g ol jir rfj|b`fglr

xjòir' Bjb|jf ijnlk{i`bf ol jir rfj|b`fglr ol r`rtldir ol lb|ib`fglr j`glijlr' Fktlgb`g ol ji rfj|b`g n{h`bi ol r`rtldir ol lb|ib`fglr j`glijlr' Bjb|jf ol jir rfj|b`fglr ol r`rtldir ol lb|ib`fglr ol rln|gof n{iof' I}j`bib`g ol jir lb|ib`fglr }i{i ji {lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir'

Ibt`t|olr

[lbfgfb`d`lgtf ol ji |t`jòio ol jir lb|ib`fglr p r`rtldir ol lb|ib`fglr}i{i {lrfjxl{ }{fkjldir ol ji xòi bftòìgi p ol jir b`lgbìr lg nlgl{ij'

Xijf{ib`g ol ji }{lb`r`g lg ji kry|loi ol rfj|b`fglr* ijnlk{i`bi fn{h`bi* ol lb|ib`fglr p r`rtldir ol lb|ib`fglr'

]l{rlxl{igbì p hjlq`k`jòio }i{i lgh{lgti{rl i }{fkjldir bfd}jlefr y|l{ly|`l{ig lj |rf ol lb|ib`fglr p r`rtldir ol lb|ib`fglr'

\G@OIO G 1

LB\IB@FGLR P R@R_LDIR OL LB\IB@FGLR


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9' Bijb|ji{ jir rfj|b`fglr ol lb|ib`fglr ol n{iof dipf{ y|l ofr }f{ olrbfd}fr`b`ghibtf{ìj'

;' Bijb|ji{ jir rfj|b`fglr ol lb|ib`fglr {ib`fgijlr'2' Aijji{ jir rfj|b`fglr ol lb|ib`fglr k`b|io{ioir p ol lb|ib`fglr `{{ib`fgijlr*o`rt`gn|`lgof b|jlr rfg xjòir p b|jlr gf'

?' [lrfjxl{ ijnlk{i`bi p n{h`bidlgtl r`rtldir ol lb|ib`fglr j`glijlr pbjir`h`bi{jfr rlng r| gdl{f ol rfj|b`fglr'

'1'

FKEL_@XFR

9' Bfd}{lgol{ y| lr |gi `glb|ib`g p }i{i y| r`{xl';' [lbfgfbl{ p fktlgl{ `glb|ib`fglr ly|`xijlgtlr i |gi oioi'2' [lrfjxl{ `glb|ib`fglr p r`rtldir ol `glb|ib`fglr ol }{`dl{ n{iof bfg |gi

`gbng`ti'?' [lrfjxl{ `glb|ib`fglr ol rln|gof n{iof bfg |gi `gbng`ti'' Aijji{ ji rfj|b`g n{h`bi ol `glb|ib`fglr p r`rtldir ol `glb|ib`fglr ol

}{`dl{ n{iof bfg ofr `gbng`tir'1' I}j`bi{ jir `glb|ib`fglr lg ji {lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir ol ji xòi {lij'

BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr

@glb|ib`fglr' @glb|ib`fglr ly|`xijlgtlr' @glb|ib`fglr ol }{`dl{ n{iof bfg |gi `gbng`ti' R`rtldir ol `glb|ib`fglr

ol }{`dl{ n{iof bfg |gi `gbng`ti' @glb|ib`fglr ol rln|gof n{iof p h{ibb`fgi{ìrbfg |gi `gbng`ti' @glb|ib`fglr ol }{`dl{ n{iof bfg ofr `gbng`tir' R`rtldir ol

`glb|ib`fglr ol }{`dl{ n{iof bfg ofr `gbng`tir'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

Fktlgb`g ol `glb|ib`fglr ly|`xijlgtlr |t`jùigof jir t{igrhf{dib`fglriolb|ioir'

[lrfj|b`g ol `glb|ib`fglr p r`rtldir ol `glb|ib`fglr ol }{`dl{ n{iof bfg

|gi `gbng`ti* ijnlk{i`bi p n{h`bidlgtl' [lrfj|b`g ol `glb|ib`fglr ol rln|gof n{iof bfg |gi `gbng`ti i }i{t`{ ol|gi tikji ol r`ngfr'

\G@OIO G 0@GLB\IB@FGLR


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[lrfj|b`g ol ijn|gir `glb|ib`fglr ol n{iof r|}l{`f{ i ; p ol ijn|gfrbfb`lgtlr i }i{t`{ ol tikjir ol r`ngfr'

[lrfj|b`g n{h`bi ol `glb|ib`fglr p r`rtldir ol `glb|ib`fglr ol }{`dl{n{iof bfg ofr `gbng`tir'

Ibt`t|olr

[lbfgfb`d`lgtf p xijf{ib`g ol jir `glb|ib`fglr bfdf xi }i{i }jigtli{ p{lrfjxl{ r`t|ib`fglr ol ji xòi {lij'

Bfghìgui lg jir }{f}ìr bi}ibòiolr }i{i ih{fgti{ }{fkjldir p {lrfjxl{jfr}f{ dtfofr ijnlk{i`bfr p n{h`bfr'

@gtl{r p {lr}ltf }f{ jir lrt{itlnìr o`hl{lgtlr i jir }{f}ìr lg ji{lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir dloìgtl `glb|ib`fglr p r`rtldir ol`glb|ib`fglr'


9' Lhlbt|i{ t{igrhf{dib`fglr }i{i bfgrln|`{ `glb|ib`fglr ly|`xijlgtlr';' Bijb|ji{ jir rfj|b`fglr ol `glb|ib`fglr p r`rtldir ol `glb|ib`fglr ol }{`dl{

n{iof bfg |gi `gbng`ti'2' Rfj|b`fgi{ `glb|ib`fglr ol rln|gof n{iof bfg |gi `gbng`ti'?' [l}{lrlgti{ {lbtir p rld`}jigfr }i{i {lrfjxl{ `glb|ib`fglr p r`rtldir ol

`glb|ib`fglr ol }{`dl{ n{iof bfg ofr `gbng`tir'


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FKEL_@XFR

9' Bfgfbl{ ji h|gb`g ihg p ji {ljib`g lgt{l r| lq}{lr`g ijnlk{i`bi p r| n{h`bi';' Olo|b`{ jir }{`gb`}ijlr bi{ibtl{rt`bir p ji {l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi ol |gi

h|gb`g b|io{t`bi'2' Fktlgl{ ji {l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi ol |gi }i{kfji p ol r|r t{irjioioir'?' Bfgfbl{ jir h|gb`fglr olh`gòir }f{ `gtl{xijfr p r| {l}{lrlgtib`g'

BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr

Ji h|gb`g ihg5 }lgo`lgtl p f{olgioi lg lj f{`nlg' Lb|ib`g ol ji {lbti' Ji h|gb`g b|io{t`bi5 x{t`bl p lel ol r`dlt{i' Bf{tlr bfg jfr lelr'

[l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi' _{irjib`fglr ol }i{kfjir' H|gb`fglr olh`gòir }f{ `gtl{xijfr'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

Fktlgb`g ol ji lq}{lr`g ijnlk{i`bi ol |gi {lbti' [l}{lrlgtib`g ol h|gb`fglr ih`glr' Bjb|jf ol jfr ljldlgtfr bi{ibtl{rt`bfr ol |gi }i{kfji' [l}{lrlgtib`g ol |gi h|gb`g b|io{t`bi' Fktlgb`g ol ji lq}{lr`g ijnlk{i`bi p ol ji n{h`bi ol ji t{irjib`g ol |gi

}i{kfji' [l}{lrlgtib`g ol h|gb`fglr olh`gòir }f{ `gtl{xijfr'

Ibt`t|olr

B|{`fròio }f{ `gxlrt`ni{ {ljib`fglr lgt{l ding`t|olr' Xijf{ib`g ol ji `gbòlgbì ol jfr g|lxfr dlo`fr tlbgfjn`bfr lg ji

{l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi ol `ghf{dib`fglr r|rbl}t`kjlr ol rl{ `gtl{}{ltioir it{ixr ol h|gb`fglr'

Rlgr`k`jòio p n|rtf }f{ ji }{lb`r`g* lj f{olg p ji bji{òio lg lj t{itid`lgtf

p }{lrlgtib`g ol tikjir p n{h`bir'


9' Bijb|ji{ ji }lgo`lgtl p ji f{olgioi lg lj f{`nlg ol |gi {lbti';' [l}{lrlgti{ h|gb`fglr ih`glr i }i{t`{ ol r| lq}{lr`g ijnlk{i`bi* p x`blxl{ri'2' Fktlgl{ lj x{t`bl p lj lel ol r`dlt{i ol |gi h|gb`g b|io{t`bi* pi rli i }i{t`{

ol r| n{h`bi f ol r| lq}{lr`g ijnlk{i`bi'?' Fktlgl{ jfr }|gtfr ol bf{tl bfg jfr lelr p lj r`ngf ol |gi h|gb`g b|io{t`bi'' [l}{lrlgti{ h|gb`fglr olh`gòir }f{ `gtl{xijfr'

\G@OIO G 9;

H\GB@G IHG P H\GB@G B\IO[_@BI


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9' [l}{lrlgti{ oitfr lg n{h`bfr lrtiort`bfr';' Bijb|ji{ }i{dlt{fr ol blgt{ijùib`g p ol o`r}l{r`g'2' @gtl{}{lti{ p lqt{il{ `ghf{dib`g ol jfr o`rt`gtfr }i{dlt{fr lrtiort`bfr'?' @olgt`h`bi{ r`dlt{ir p ir`dlt{ir lg jir o`rt{`k|b`fglr'' Ljikf{i{ p o`rb|t`{ |g lrt|o`f lrtiort`bf'

FKEL_@XFR

9' Bfd}{lgol{ jir tbg`bir ol {lb|lgtf ol in{|}ib`fglr5 xi{ìb`fglr pbfdk`gib`fglr'

;' O`rt`gn|`{ lgt{l xi{ìb`fglr p bfdk`gib`fglr'2' @olgt`h`bi{ jir }l{d|tib`fglr bfdf |g birf bfgb{ltf ol xi{ìb`fglr'?' Bfgfbl{ lj bfgbl}tf ol }{fkik`jòio ol |g r|blrf p r|r }{f}`loiolr'' [lbfgfbl{ ji ol}lgolgbì f `gol}lgolgbì ol r|blrfr'1' O`rt`gn|`{ r|blrfr bfd}it`kjlr l `gbfd}it`kjlr'0' Aijji{ ji }{fkik`jòio ol ji |g`g ol r|blrfr'9=' \t`jùi{ jfr oìn{idir ol }{fkik`jòio p jir tikjir ol bfgt`gnlgbì }i{i aijji{

}{fkik`jòiolr ol |gi digl{i rlgb`jji'99' I}j`bi{ ji }{fkik`jòio i ji {lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir ol ji xòi bftòìgi'

BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr Xi{ìb`fglr f{o`gi{ìr p bfg {l}lt`b`g' ]l{d|tib`fglr f{o`gi{ìr' Bfdk`gib`fglr f{o`gi{ìr' ]{fkik`jòio' Ji {lnji ol Ji}jibl' ]{fkik`jòio bfgo`b`fgioi' ]{fkik`jòio ol ji `gtl{rlbb`g' ]{fkik`jòio ol ji |g`g' Oìn{idir ol {kfj p oìn{idir ol }{fkik`jòio' _ikjir ol bfgt`gnlgbì'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr

Bjb|jf ol xi{ìb`fglr p bfdk`gib`fglr' Bjb|jf ol }{fkik`jòiolr dloìgtl ji {lnji ol Ji}jibl' O`rt`gb`g lgt{l r|blrfr ol}lgo`lgtlr l `gol}lgo`lgtlr' Bjb|jf ol }{fkik`jòiolr bfgo`b`fgioir p }{fkik`jòiolr ol ji

`gtl{rlbb`g ol r|blrfr'

\G@OIO G 9'$' ][FBLO@D@LG_F OL LXIJ\IB@G OL JI ][B_@BI OFBLG_L'

Lrtl Ol}i{tidlgtf }i{i }{fblol{ i ji i|tflxij|ib`g olj }{fhlrf{iof rfk{l r| }{bt`biofblgtl* bfg lj h`g ol dlef{i{ji p ioi}ti{ji i ji o`xl{ròio ol bi}ibòiolr*bfgfb`d`lgtfr* `gtl{lrlr p n{iof ol dft`xib`g olj ij|dgiof* bfgròl{i y|l i jf ji{nfolj b|{rf p lg jir {l|g`fglr ol ol}i{tidlgtf olkl

i) [lhjlq`fgi{ rfk{l ji }{bt`bi ofblgtl lg jir o`hl{lgtlr lti}ir p g`xljlr'k) Bfd}i{t`{ lq}l{`lgbìr oòbt`bir `go`xò|ijlr r|rbl}t`kjlr ol rl{ }|lrtir lg

}{bt`bi }f{ ft{fr bfd}il{fr'


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@LR ]{fhlrf{ Dq`df _{|lki Kiba`jjl{itf ol B`lgbìr p _lbgfjfniOl}i{tidlgtf ol Ditldt`bir B|{rf ;=9;&;=92

}n`gi 9?=&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

KIBA@JJL[I_FDFOIJ@OIO OL B@LGB@IR P _LBGFJFNI

DI_LD_@BIR @ P @@

9'$FKEL_@XFR OL JI L_I]I';'$FKEL_@XFR OL JI DI_L[@I'2'$DL_FOFJFNI'?'$DI_L[@IJLR O@OB_@BFR'

9'$FKEL_@XFR OL L_I]I'

Rlng lj b`tiof Olb{ltf* lrti lti}i lo|bit`xi bfgt{`k|`{ i olri{{fjji{ lg jfr ij|dgfr

bi}ibòiolr y|l jlr }l{d`t`{g5i) Lel{bl{ ji b`|oioigi oldfb{t`bi* olrol |gi }l{r}lbt`xi njfkij* p ioy|`{`{ |gibfgb`lgbì bx`bi {lr}fgrikjl* `gr}`{ioi }f{ jfr xijf{lr ol ji Bfgrt`t|b`glr}ifji ir bfdf }f{ jfr ol{lbafr a|digfr* y|l hfdlgtl jibf{{lr}fgrik`jòio lg ji bfgrt{|bb`g ol |gi rfb`loio e|rti p ly|`tit`xi phixf{lubi ji rfrtlg`k`jòio'

k) Bfgrfjòi{ |gi dio|{lu }l{rfgij p rfbìj y|l jlr }l{d`ti ibt|i{ ol hf{di{lr}fgrikjl p i|tgfdi p olri{{fjji{ r| lr}{`t| b{t`bf' ]{lxl{ p {lrfjxl{}ibh`bidlgtl jfr bfghj`btfr }l{rfgijlr* hid`jì{lr p rfbìjlr'

b) Hfdlgti{ ji `n|ijoio lhlbt`xi ol ol{lbafr p f}f{t|gòiolr lgt{l afdk{lr pd|el{lr* igijùi{ p xijf{i{ b{t`bidlgtl jir olr`n|ijoiolr lq`rtlgtlr l`d}|jri{ ji `n|ijoio {lij p ji gf o`rb{`d`gib`g ol jir }l{rfgir bfg

o`rbi}ibòio'o) Ihìgui{ jfr ak`tfr ol jlbt|{i* lrt|o`f p o`rb`}j`gi* bfdf bfgo`b`fglr

glblri{ìr }i{i lj lh`biu i}{fxlbaid`lgtf olj i}{lgoùiel* p bfdf dlo`f ololri{{fjjf }l{rfgij'

l) Ofd`gi{* tigtf lg r| lq}{lr`g f{ij bfdf lrb{`ti* ji jlgn|i birtljjigi'h) Lq}{lri{rl bfg hj|òlu p bf{{lbb`g lg |gi f dr jlgn|ir lqt{igel{ir'n) \t`jùi{ bfg rfjxlgbì p {lr}fgrik`jòio jir tlbgfjfnir ol ji `ghf{dib`g p ji

bfd|g`bib`g'a) Bfgfbl{ p xijf{i{ b{t`bidlgtl jir {lijòiolr olj d|gof bfgtld}f{glf* r|r

igtlblolgtlr a`rt{`bfr p jfr }{`gb`}ijlr hibtf{lr ol r| lxfj|b`g'`) Ioy|`{`{ jfr bfgfb`d`lgtfr b`lgth`bfr p tlbgfjn`bfr h|goidlgtijlr p ofd`gi{

jir aik`jòiolr kr`bir }{f}ìr ol ji dfoijòio lrbfnòi* bfg |gi x`r`g`gtln{iof{i ol jir o`rt`gtir ditl{ìr'

e) Bfd}{lgol{ jfr ljldlgtfr p }{fblo`d`lgtfr h|goidlgtijlr ol ji `gxlrt`nib`gp ol jfr dtfofr b`lgth`bfr' Bfgfbl{ p xijf{i{ ol hf{di b{t`bi ji bfgt{`k|b`gol ji b`lgbì p ji tlbgfjfni lg lj bidk`f ol jir bfgo`b`fglr ol xòi* ir bfdfihìgui{ ji rlgr`k`jòio p lj {lr}ltf aibì lj dlo`f idk`lgtl'

c) Ihìgui{ lj lr}{`t| ld}{lgolof{ bfg ibt`t|olr ol b{lit`xòio* hjlq`k`jòio*`g`bìt`xi* t{ikief lg ly|`}f* bfghìgui lg |gf d`rdf p rlgtòf b{t`bf'

j) Bfgfbl{ ji j`tl{it|{i lg jlgn|i birtljjigi i t{ixr ol ji jlbt|{i p lj igj r`r oljir fk{ir j`tl{i{ìr dr r`ng`h`bit`xir'

d) Olri{{fjji{ ji rlgr`k`jòio i{trt`bi p j tl{i{ì* ir bfdf lj b{`tl{`f lrtt`bf* bfdfh|lgtlr ol hf{dib`g p lg{`y|lb`d`lgtf b|jt|{ij'

g) \t`jùi{ ji lo|bib`g hr`bi p lj ol}f{tl }i{i hixf{lbl{ lj olri{{fjjf }l{rfgij prfbìj'


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}n`gi 9?9&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

) Ihìgui{ ibt`t|olr ol {lr}ltf p }{lxlgb`g lg lj dk`tf ol ji rln|{òio xìj'f) Bfgfbl{* xijf{i{ p {lr}lti{ ji a`rtf{ì* ji i}f{tib`g b|jt|{ij p lj }it{`dfg`f ol

Lr}ii'}) ]i{t`b`}i{ ol hf{di ibt`xi p rfjòi{ì lg lj b|òiof p olri{{fjjf olj lgtf{gf

rfbìj p git|{ij* olr}l{tigof lj `gtl{r olj ij|dgiof }f{ jir o`xl{rir hf{dirol xfj|gti{ìof* lr}lbìjdlgtl lg iy|ljjir }{ftinfgùioir drlr}lbh`bidlgtl }f{ jfr exlglr'

;'$FKEL_@XFR OL JI DI_L[@I

9' Bfd}{lgol{ p i}j`bi{ jfr bfgbl}tfr p }{fblo`d`lgtfr ditldt`bfr ir`t|ib`fglr o`xl{rir y|l }l{d`tig ixigui{ lg lj lrt|o`f ol jir }{f}ìrditldt`bir p ol ft{ir b`lgbìr* ir bfdf lg ji {lrfj|b`g {iufgioi ol}{fkjldir }{fblolgtlr ol ibt`xòiolr bftòìgir p o`hl{lgtlr dk`tfrolj rikl{'

;' Bfgròl{i{ jir i{n|dlgtib`fglr {iufgioir p ji lq`rtlgbì ololdfrt{ib`fglr {`n|{frir rfk{l jir y|l rl kiri lj ixigbl ol ji b`lgbìp ji tlbgfjfni* dfrt{igof |gi ibt`t|o hjlq`kjl* ik`l{ti p b{t`bi igtlft{fr e|`b`fr p {iufgid`lgtfr'

2' Igijùi{ p xijf{i{ ji `ghf{dib`g }{fxlg`lgtl ol o`hl{lgtlr h|lgtlr*|t`jùigof al{{id`lgtir ditldt`bir }i{i hf{di{rl |gi f}`g`g y|l jlr}l{d`ti lq}{lri{rl b{t`bidlgtl rfk{l }{fkjldir ibt|ijlr'

?' \t`jùi{ jir lrt{itlnìr bi{ibtl{rt`bir ol ji `gxlrt`nib`g b`lgth`bi p jirolrt{luir }{f}ìr ol jir ditldt`bir !}jigtlid`lgtf ol }{fkjldir*}jig`h`bib`g p lgripf* lq}l{`dlgtib`g* i}j`bib`g ol ji `go|bb`g polo|bb`g* hf{d|jib`g p ibl}tib`g f {lbaiuf ol jir bfgelt|{ir*bfd}{fkib`g ol jfr {lr|jtiofr fktlgòfr) }i{i {lijùi{ `gxlrt`nib`fglrp lg nlgl{ij lq}jf{i{ r`t|ib`fglr p hlgdlgfr g|lxfr


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}n`gi 9?;&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

>' \t`jùi{ lj o`rb|{rf {ib`fgij }i{i }jigtli{ ibl{tioidlgtl jfr }{fkjldir*e|rt`h`bi{ }{fblo`d`lgtfr* lgbiolgi{ bfal{lgtldlgtl jfr i{n|dlgtfr*bfd|g`bi{rl bfg lh`bibì p }{lb`r`g* oltlbti{ `gbf{{lbb`fglr jn`bir p

b|lrt`fgi{ irlxl{ib`fglr bi{lgtlr ol {`nf{ b`lgth`bf'

1' Dfrt{i{ ibt`t|olr irfbìoir ij t{ikief b`lgth`bf p i ji `gxlrt`nib`gditldt`bi* tijlr bfdf ji x`r`g b{t`bi* ji glblròio ol xl{`h`bib`g* jixijf{ib`g ol ji }{lb`r`g* lj `gtl{r }f{ lj t{ikief bff}l{it`xf p jfro`rt`gtfr t`}fr ol {iufgid`lgtf* lj b|lrt`fgid`lgtf ol jir i}{lbìb`fglr`gt|`t`xir p ji i}l{t|{i i g|lxir òlir'

0' Lq}{lri{rl xl{kijdlgtl p }f{ lrb{`tf lg r`t|ib`fglr r|rbl}t`kjlr olrl{ t{itioir ditldt`bidlgtl* bfd}{lgo`lgof p digleigof t{d`gfr*gftib`fglr p {l}{lrlgtib`fglr ditldt`bir'

9=' Olri{{fjji{ dtfofr y|l bfgt{`k|pig i ioy|`{`{ ak`tfr ol t{ikief*b|{`fròio* b{lit`xòio* `gtl{r p bfghìgui lg r d`rdfr }i{i `gxlrt`ni{{lrfjxl{ r`t|ib`fglr }{fkjldt`bir g|lxir p olrbfgfbòir'

2'$DL_FOFJFNI O@OB_@BI BFDG I JIR DI_LD_@BIR @ p @ @ OL

KIBA@JJL[I_F

Lj olri{{fjjf ol lrti ditl{ì gf olkl j`d`ti{rl g`bidlgtl i |gio`lrt{id`lgtf olj ij|dgiof lg b`l{tir tbg`bir ol bjb|jf p lg ji{lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir' Lj bfgfb`d`lgtf ditldt`bf olkl tlgl{ b`l{tf{lr}ijof tl{`bf' Lrtfr ir}lbtfr glblri{ìdlgtl bfgo`b`fgig lj dfofol }{lrlgti{ jfr bfgbl}tfr p lj {`nf{ lg jir gftib`fglr p e|rt`h`bib`fglr'

Gf olkl fjxòi{rl y|l lrtl lr lj }{`dl{ dfdlgtf lg y|l ljij|dgf&i rl lgh{lgti bfg b`l{ti rl{`loio i ji h|goidlgtib`g tl{`bi ol

jir Ditldt`bir' ]f{ ljjf* lrtl ir}lbtf ai ol n{io|i{rl ol dfofiolb|iof* bfg lj h`g ol y|l gf bfgt{`k|pi i frb|{lbl{ jfr bfgbl}tfr'

D|bafr ol jfr bfgtlgòfr i olri{{fjji{ }{ltlgolg }{fh|goùi{ lgir}lbtfr y|l jfr ij|dgfr pi aig t{ikieiof lg ji lti}i igtl{`f{' ]f{ ljjf*bfdf b{`tl{`f nlgl{ij* ij bfd`lguf ol bioi |gòio rl {lijùi{ |gilxij|ib`g `g`bìj y|l oltl{d`gl lj }|gtf ol }i{tòi


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LR_[I_LN@IR DL_FOFJN@BIR DI_LD_@BIR @ P DI_LD_@BIR @@

9'$ Lrtikjlbl{ lrt{itlnìr }{f}ìr ol {lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir y|l t`lglgbi{btl{ t{igrxl{rij p olkl rl{ fkeltf ol lrt|o`f {ljib`fgiof l `gtln{iof lglj {lrtf ol jfr bfgtlgòfr' Jir lrt{itlnìr y|l rl olri{{fjjig bfgrt`t|plg |gi}i{tl lrlgbìj ol ji lo|bib`g ditldt`bi p ibt`xig jir bfd}ltlgbìrglblri{ìr }i{i i}j`bi{ jfr bfgfb`d`lgtfr p jir aik`jòiolr ioy|`{òir lgbfgtlqtfr {lijlr' Ir`d`rdf* olklg rl{x`{ }i{i y|l lj ij|dgiof olri{{fjjl |gix`r`g id}jì p b`lgth`bi ol ji {lijòio* }i{i lrt`d|ji{ r| b{lit`xòio p jixijf{ib`g ol jir òlir ielgir* ji aik`jòio }i{i lq}{lri{ jir òlir}{f}ìr bfg i{n|dlgtfr iolb|iofr p lj {lbfgfb`d`lgtf ol jfr }fr`kjlrl{{f{lr bfdltòfr';'$ Bfgrln|`{ y|l jfr ij|dgfr diglelg bfg b`l{ti rfjt|{i lj jlgn|iel

hf{dij* y|l bfd}{lgoig jfr dtfofr }{f}`fr ol jir ditldt`bir p ioy|`l{igijn|gfr bfgbl}tfr ditldt`bfr h|goidlgtijlr' Lg lrtl rlgtòf* olkl tlgl{rllg b|lgti y|l lj r`dkfj`rdf gf olkl olrh`n|{i{ ji lrlgbì ol jir òlirh|goidlgtijlr* lj }{fblrf ol `gxlrt`nib`g glblri{`f }i{i ijbigui{jir* f lj{`nf{ ol jfr {iufgid`lgtfr y|l jir r|rtlgtig' ]f{ tigtf olkl{ xijf{i{rl jibi}ibòio olj ij|dgf }i{i bfd|g`bi{ bfg lh`bibì lrir òlir*xl{kijdlgtl p }f{ lrb{`tf* i|gy|l rli ol digl{i gf hf{dij'2'$ [lr}ijoi{jfr bfgfb`d`lgtfr ditldt`bfr dloìgtl ji `gt{fo|bb`g ololh`g`b`fglr* ji oldfrt{ib`g ol tlf{ldir p ji {lijùib`g ollgbiolgid`lgtfr jn`bfr' Lg lrtl rlgtòf jir olh`g`b`fglr hf{dijlr* jiroldfrt{ib`fglr !{lo|bb`g ij ikr|{of* bfgt{ileld}jfr) p jfr lgbiolgid`lgtfrjn`bfr ! `d}j`bib`g* ly|`xijlgbì) oig xijòlu i jir `gt|`b`fglr p bfgh`l{lgrfjòlu i jir tbg`bir i}j`bioir' Lg Ditldt`bir @ lr lj }{`dl{ dfdlgtf lgy|l lj ij|dgf rl lgh{lgti bfg b`l{ti rl{`loio ij jlgn|iel hf{dij* }f{ jf y|l lji}{lgoùiel olkl rl{ ly|`j`k{iof p n{io|ij' Lg Ditldt`bir @@ rl olkl}{fh|goùi{ lg ljjf' Lj {`nf{ bi{ibtl{rt`bf ol ji o`rb`}j`gi lg b|igtf i jiroldfrt{ib`fglr olkl{i tlgl{ bi{btl{ jfbij* lg oltl{d`gioir }i{bljir* p gflqtlgol{rl ij bfge|gtf ol ji ditl{ì* ijnf y|l }f{ ft{f jiof rl{i `d}fr`kjl'?'$ ]{f}fgl{ ibt`xòiolr y|l lrt`d|jlg lj `gtl{r p ji bi}ibòio ol |rf oljir tlbgfjfnir ol ji `ghf{dib`g p ol ji bfd|g`bib`g' Lg lrtl rlgtòf{lr|jtig `go`r}lgrikjlr jir bijb|jiof{ir p jir i}j`bib`fglr `ghf{dt`bir bfdf

r`rtldir ol jnlk{i bfd}|tib`fgij f ol nlfdlt{i o`gd`bi* y|l }|lolgrl{x`{ ol ip|oi tigtf }i{i ji dlef{ bfd}{lgr`g ol bfgbl}tfr p {lrfj|b`g ol}{fkjldir bfd}jlefr bfdf }i{i lj }{fblrid`lgtf ol bjb|jfr }lriofr'Ir`d`rdf* gf rl olkl olei{ ol t{ikiei{ji hj|òlu p ji }{lb`r`g lg lj bjb|jfdig|ij r`d}jl* ofgol jfr lrt|oìgtlr r|ljlg bfdltl{ h{lb|lgtlr l{{f{lr y|ljlr }|lolg jjlxi{ i hijrfr {lr|jtiofr f `go|b`{ i bfgh|r`g lg r|r bfgbj|r`fglr'


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}n`gi 9??&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

lj n{|}f {lij`bl jf dlef{ }fr`kjl jir ibt`xòiolr }{f}|lrtir' Lg olh`g`t`xidlef{i{ ji }{f}ì hf{dib`g ol jfr ij|dgf p lo|bi{jfr lg ji {lrfj|b`gbff}l{it`xi ol o`rt`gtir r`t|ib`fglr y|l ir jf {ly|`l{ig'

>'$ Jir Ditldt`bir @ p jir Ditldt`bir @@* olgt{f ol ji dfoijòio ol b`lgbìrp tlbgfjfni* lrtg lrt{lbaidlgtl j`nioir bfg jir o`rb`}j`gir b`lgth`bir' Ol|gi }i{tl* rfg ji al{{id`lgti `d}{lrb`go`kjl }i{i r| lrt|o`f p bfd}{lgr`g p*ol ft{i }i{tl* d|bafr ol jfr bfgbl}tfr ditldt`bfr t`lgl r| f{`nlg lg}{fkjldir {ljit`xfr i hlgdlgfr hr`bfr p git|{ijlr' Rl olkl }ftlgbì{ lti{ljib`g p lx`ti{ y|l lrtir ditldt`bir i}i{lubig* i jfr fefr olj ij|dgf*bfdf |g bfge|gtf ol olrt{luir ol bb|jf r`g dft`xib`g g` bfglq`g bfglj d|gof {lij'

?'$DI_L[@IJLR O@OB_@BFR KIBA@JJL[I_F

Jfr ditl{ìjlr y|l rl xig i |t`jùi{ rl{g5

DI_L[@IJLR LRB[@_FR

Lj j`k{f ol tlqtf lr lj {lbfdlgoiof }f{ jfr }{fhlrf{lr* i dfofol j`k{f ol bfgr|jti'

Afeir ol }{fkjldir*

Lry|ldir p {lrdlglr ol ijn|gir |gòiolr ljikf{iofr }f{jfr }{fhlrf{lr ol lrtl ol}i{tidlgtf'

DI_L[@IJLR DIG@]\JIKJLR5

Bijb|jiof{i b`lgth`bi'

Ji }n`gi ^LKRIB@_IDL_ID5att}5&&h`b|r'}gt`b'dlb'lr&}alr===8&`golq'atdjo`rlioi }i{i

g|lrt{fr ij|dgfr* bfg lqdlglr bf{{lnòfr* ditl{ìj oli}fpf** afeir ol }{fkjldir *afeir ol }{fh|goùib`g* t{ikiefr*}{l}i{ib`g }i{i rljlbt`xòio* }{fn{idir `ghf{dt`bfrt`jlrltb'

]{fn{idir ghf{dt`bfr bfdf lj ol{`xl* ~`{`r p ft{fr fh{lbòfr lgg|lrt{i }n`gi ^LK'


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@LR ]{fhlrf{ Dq`df _{|lki Ditldt`bir @ ol ol B`lgb`ir p _lbgfjfniOl}i{tidlgtf ol Ditldt`bir B|{rf ;=9;&;=92

}n`gi 9?


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}n`gi 9?>&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

Bfgbl}tf `gt|`t`xf ol jd`tl* h`g`tf f `gh`g`tf* ol |gi h|gb`g lg |g }|gtfp lg lj `gh`g`tf* bfg i}fpf n{h`bf p ol ji bijb|jiof{i' Jd`tlr jitl{ijlr'Irgtftir xl{t`bijlr p af{ùfgtijlr ol |gi h|gb`g' Bjb|jf ljldlgtij oljd`tlr ol h|gb`fglr'

Bfgt`g|òio ol |gi h|gb`g lg |g }|gtf p lg |g `gtl{xijf' Bfgt`g|òiool jir h|gb`fglr ljldlgtijlr !{lr|jtiof ol f}l{ib`fglr bfdk`gioir olio`b`g* d|jt`}j`bib`g* o`x`r`g p bfd}fr`b`g ol jir h|gb`fglr5Bfgrtigtl* òlgtòio* {iu* jg p lq}* rlg* bfr* tn* i{brlg* i{bbfr p i{btn)'O`rbfgt`g|òiolr'

Bi{ibtl{rt`bir kr`bir ol jir h|gb`fglr }fj`gd`bir* {ib`fgijlrrlgb`jjir* xijf{ ikrfj|tf !{iu b|io{ioi olj b|io{iof)* }i{tl lgtl{i*t{`nfgfdt{`bir* lq}fglgbìjlr p jfni{td`bir* fktlgòir i }i{t`{ ol jilq}{lr`g igijt`bi y|l jir olh`gl'

I}{fq`dib`g `gt|`t`xi i ji ol{`xioi ol |gi h|gb`g lg |g }|gtf'@gtl{}{ltib`g nlfdt{`bi p hr`bi'

@g`bìb`g ij bjb|jf ol ol{`xioir' R`ngf ol ji ol{`xioi5 B{lb`d`lgtf p olb{lb`d`lgtf' ]|gtfr b{t`bfr f r`gn|ji{lr ol |gi h|gb`g' Dq`dfr p dg`dfr

{ljit`xfr' Igj`r`r p {l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi ol h|gb`fglr rlgb`jjir oioir }f{ r|

lq}{lr`g igijt`bi'

[lrfj|b`g lg |g bfgtlqtf {lij ol }{fkjldir {ljib`fgiofr bfg jir h|gb`fglr'@gtl{}{ltib`g ol h|gb`fglr ol jir y|l rl bfgfbl r| n{h`bi

Kjfy|l 9' ! rln|goi }i{tl) I{`tdt`bi p jnlk{i !2 rldigir)

Gdl{fr bfdk`gitf{`fr' K`gfd`f ol Gl~tfg' I}j`bib`g olj dtfof ol Ni|rr i ji {lrfj|b`g ol r`rtldir ol

lb|ib`fglr j`glijlr' \t`jùib`g ol al{{id`lgtir ijnlk{i`bir lg ji {lrfj|b`g ol }{fkjldir' Lj gdl{f `' Gdl{fr bfd}jlefr' F}l{ib`fglr bfg gdl{fr bfd}jlefr

lg hf{di k`gd`bi'

Kjfy|l ?' Lrtiort`bi p }{fkik`jòio !2 rldigir)

Lrtiort`bi olrb{`}t`xi kò`dlgr`fgij' [ljib`fglr lgt{l ofr xi{ìkjlrlrtiort`bir' [l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi5 G|kl ol }|gtfr p bf{{ljib`g' Bfxi{ìgui' Bflh`b`lgtl ol bf{{ljib`g j`glij' [ln{lr`g j`glij' Ji bfdk`gitf{ì bfdf tbg`bi ol {lb|lgtf' ]{fkik`jòio lg lq}l{`dlgtfr r`d}jlr f bfd}|lrtfr' ]{fkik`jòiobfgo`b`fgioi* }{fkik`jòio tftij p }{fkik`jòio i }frtl{`f{`' Ji }{fkik`jòio lg lq}l{`dlgtfr {l}ltòfr l `gol}lgo`lgtlr5 Jio`rt{`k|b`g k`gfdìj' \rf ol tikjir' Ir`ngib`g ol }{fkik`jòiolr' Ji o`rt{`k|b`g gf{dij' Gf{dij t}`bi p |rf ol tikjir' _`}`h`bib`g ol |gixi{ìkjl gf{dij' Ir`ngib`g ol }{fkik`jòiolr' I}{fq`dib`g ol ji

k`gfdìj }f{ ji gf{dij'


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;' ][FN[IDIB@G OL JIR \G@OIOLR

FKEL_@XFR

9' O`rt`gn|`{ jfr o`hl{lgtlr t`}fr ol gdl{fr {lijlr* lr}lbìjdlgtl* {ib`fgijlr l`{{ib`fgijlr'

;' [l}{lrlgti{ jfr gdl{fr {lijlr lg ji {lbti {lij'2' Bfd}{lgol{ jfr bfgbl}tfr ol `gtl{xijf p lgtf{gf lg ji {lbti {lij'?' Ioy|`{`{ olrt{lui lg lj diglef ol jir f}l{ib`fglr bfg }ftlgbìr p {io`bijlr'' Rikl{ i}{fq`di{ dloìgtl {lofgolf |g gdl{f {lij bfg |gi b`l{ti }{lb`r`g p

rikl{ oltl{d`gi{ r| bfti ol l{{f{'1' Lgtlgol{ ji o hl{lgbì lgt{l jir b`h{ir lqibtir ol |gi i}{fq`dib`g p jir b h{ir

r`ng`h`bit`xir olj {lr|jtiof ol |g bjb|jf bfg dloòir'0' Lrt`di{ lj {lr|jtiof ol |g bjb|jf bfg {ljib`g i r| lg|gbìof'9=' _{ikiei{ bfg gdl{fr lg gftib`g b`lgth`bi'

BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr

Gdl{fr {lijlr' Bjir`h`bib`g' [lbti {lij' Bfge|gtfr lg ji {lbti {lij' F{olg p olr`n|ijoio lg lj bfge|gtf ol jfr gdl{fr {lijlr' Xijf{ ikrfj|tf ol |g gdl{f {lij' ]ftlgbìr ol lq}fglgtl {ib`fgij' Gdl{fr {io`bijlr' I}{fq`dib`fglr olb`dijlr' [lofgolf' L{{f{lr ikrfj|tf p {ljit`xf' Gftib`g b`lgth`bi'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr Bjir`h`bib`g ol gdl{fr {lijlr' [l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi ol gdl{fr {lijlr lg ji {lbti {lij'

I}j`bib`g olj tlf{ldi ol ]`tnf{ir }i{i {l}{lrlgti{ {io`bijlr' [l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi ol `gtl{xijfr lg ji {lbti {lij'

\G@OIO O@OB_@BI G 9

GDL[FR [LIJLR

KJFY\L 9 !9 ]I[_L)5 I[@_D_@BI P JNLK[I


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}n`gi 9


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}n`gi 9' [lrfjxl{ n{h`bidlgtl r`rtldir ol `glb|ib`fglr j`glijlr p gf j`glijlr'

FKEL_@XFR

9' Bfd}{lgol{ p |t`j`ui{ bf{{lbtidlgtl lj bfgbl}tf ol {iug t{`nfgfdt{`bi';' I}j`bi{ jir {iufglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir lg }{fkjldir {ljib`fgiofr bfg ji

{lrfj|b`g ol t{`gn|jfr {lbtgn|jfr'2' I}j`bi{ lj bfgbl}tf ol {iug t{`nfgfdt{`bi lg r`t|ib`fglr o`xl{rir'

BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr [iufglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir ol |g gn|jf in|of'

\G@OIO O@OB_@BI G 2

_[@NFGFDL_[I !@)

KJFY\L ;5 NLFDL_[I


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}n`gi 9


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}n`gi 9


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}n`gi 9


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Lqblgt{`bòio'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr Oltl{d`gib`g ol jir lb|ib`fglr ol j|ni{lr nlfdt{`bfr rlgb`jjfr' Bjb|jf ol jir lb|ib`fglr ol jir bg`bir' \t`jùib`g ol ji lqblgt{`bòio* ji o`rtigbì hfbij* lj }i{dlt{f p jfr lelr

}i{i oltl{d`gi{ jir lb|ib`fglr ol jir bg`bir bf{{lr}fgo`lgtlr' Oltl{d`gib`g* i }i{t`{ ol r|r lb|ib`fglr* ol ji lqblgt{`bòio* lj

}i{dlt{f* jfr lelr* jfr x{t`blr p jfr hfbfr ol jir o`rt`gtir bg`bir' Oltl{d`gib`g ol jir }fr`b`fglr {ljit`xir lgt{l o`rt`gtir bg`bir p lgt{l

bg`bir p {lbtir' Bjb|jf ol jir lb|ib`fglr ol jir {lbtir tignlgtlr i bg`bir t{iuioir }f{

}|gtfr }l{tlglb`lgtlr i jir d`rdir p }f{ }|gtfr lqtl{`f{lr'

Ibt`t|olr

Xijf{ib`g ol ji `d}f{tigbì ol ji lqblgt{`bòio bfdf ljldlgtf bjixl }i{ibi{ibtl{ùi{ |gi bg`bi' @gtl{r }f{ ji {ljib`g lgt{l ji a`}{kfji ly|`jtl{i p jfr }{fkjldir lg jfr

y|l {`nl |gi {ljib`g ol }{f}f{b`fgijòio `gxl{ri' Xijf{ib`g ol jir bg`bir bfdf b|{xir lqt{if{o`gi{ìdlgtl `d}f{tigtlr lg

r| i}j`bib`g i ft{ir b`lgbìr'


9' Oltl{d`gi{ ji lb|ib`g ol j|ni{lr nlfdt{`bfr rlgb`jjfr';' Lrb{`k`{ ji lb|ib`g ol |gi bg`bi b|ijy|`l{i* ol ji y|l rl bfgfblg jir

bi{ibtl{rt`bir y|l ji olh`glg'2' Oltl{d`gi{ jir bi{ibtl{rt`bir !lqblgt{`bòio* }i{dlt{f* x{t`blr* hfbfr''') ol

|gi bg`bi b|ijy|`l{i bfgfb`lgof r| lb|ib`g'?' Oltl{d`gi{ ji }fr`b`g {ljit`xi ol ofr bg`bir p ji ol |gi bg`bi p |gi {lbti'

H\GB@FGLR


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}n`gi 9' Bi{ibtl{ùi{ |gi h|gb`g dloìgtl r| {l}{lrlgtib`g n{h`bi'1' [lbfgfbl{ jir h|gb`fglr }fj`gd`bir p {ib`fgijlr rlgb`jjir bfdf h|gb`fglr

h{lb|lgtlr lg hlgdlgfr lbfgd`bfr p rfbìjlr* rik`lgof `gtl{}{lti{ r|rn{h`bir f lq}{lr`fglr ijnlk{i`bir lg jir r`t|ib`fglr lg y|l rl }{lrlgtlg'

0' @gtl{}{lti{ |gi r`t|ib`g }{lrlgtioi dloìgtl |gi {ljib`g h|gb`fgij* pi rli lghf{di ol n{h`bi* tikji f igijt`bidlgtl* igijùigof* lg lj bfgtlqtf* lj

b{lb`d`lgtf* olb{lb`d`lgtf* dq`dfr p dg`dfr* ltbtl{i9=' @gtl{}{lti{ |gi r`t|ib`g }{lrlgtioi dloìgtl |gi {ljib`g h|gb`fgij* pi rli lg

hf{di ol n{h`bi* tikji f igijt`bidlgtl* igijùigof* lg lj bfgtlqtf* ljb{lb`d`lgtf* olb{lb`d`lgtf* dq`dfr p dg`dfr* ltbtl{i'

FKEL_@XFR

\G@OIO O@OB_@BI G 1

JD@_L P BFG_@G\@OIO


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9' Bfd}{lgol{ lj bfgbl}tf ol r|blr`g';' O`rt`gn|`{ lgt{l jir r|blr`fglr y|l iod`tlg |gi lq}{lr`g olj t{d`gf nlgl{ij

p jir y|l gf'2' Bfd}{lgol{ lj bfgbl}tf ol jd`tl ol |gi r|blr`g'?' O`rt`gn|`{ lgt{l r|blr`fglr bfgxl{nlgtlr* o`xl{nlgtlr p frb`jigtlr'' Id}jì{ lj bfgbl}tf ol jd`tl ol |gi r|blr`g ij jd`tl ol h|gb`fglr lg lj

`gh`g`tf'1' Bfd}{lgol{ lj bfgbl}tf ol jd`tl ol |gi h|gb`g lg |g }|gtf'0' Rikl{ lrtikjlbl{ b|gof |gi h|gb`g lr bfgt`g|i lg |g }|gtf p bjir`h`bi{

o`rbfgt`g|òiolr'

BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr R|blr`g' _{d`gf nlgl{ij' Jd`tl ol |gi r|blr`g' R|blr`fglr bfgxl{nlgtlr* o`xl{nlgtlr p frb`jigtlr' Gdl{f l' Jd`tl ol |gi h|gb`g lg lj `gh`g`tf' Irgtftir af{ùfgtijlr ol |gi h|gb`g' Jd`tl ol |gi h|gb`g lg |g }|gtf' Irgtftir xl{t`bijlr ol |gi h|gb`g' H|gb`g bfgt`g|i lg |g }|gtf' _`}fr ol o`rbfgt`g|òiolr' Irgtftir fkj`b|ir'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr Bjb|jf ol t{d`gfr ol |gi r|blr`g bfgfb`lgof r| t{d`gf nlgl{ij' Bjb|jf olj t{d`gf nlgl{ij ol |gi r|blr`g bfgfb`lgof ijn|gfr ol r|r

t{d`gfr' Bjb|jf olj jd`tl ol r|blr`fglr }fj`gd`bir* {ib`fgijlr* `{{ib`fgijlr p ol

}ftlgbìr ol r|blr`fglr' [lrfj|b`g ol jir `goltl{d`gib`fglr * &* = lg lj bjb|jf ol

jd`tlr ol r|blr`fglr' [lrfj|b`g ol jd`tlr ol r|blr`fglr lg jfr y|l i}i{lbl ji `goltl{d`gib`g

9|t`jùigof lj gdl{f l' I}j`bib`g olj bjb|jf ol jd`tlr ol r|blr`fglr ij bjb|jf ol jd`tlr ol

h|gb`fglr lg # p' Bjb|jf ol jd`tlr jitl{ijlr ol |gi h|gb`g lg |g }|gtf* n{h`bi p

igijt`bidlgtl' Bjb|jf ol jd`tlr ol h|gb`fglr lg |g }|gtf' [lrfj|b`g ol `goltl{d`gib`fglr lg lj bjb|jf ol jd`tlr ol h|gb`fglr5

* &* = * =&= p 9

Oltl{d`gib`g olj ofd`g`f ol bfgt`g|òio ol |gi h|gb`g' Bjir`h`bib`g ol o`rbfgt`g|òiolr'

Ibt`t|olr

Xijf{ib`g ol jir r|blr`fglr bfdf |g birf }i{t`b|ji{ ol jir h|gb`fglr{lijlr ol xi{ìkjl {lij'


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Xijf{ib`g ol ji |t`jòio ol jfr }{fblo`d`lgtfr olj bjb|jf ol jd`tlr }i{i ji{lrfj|b`g ol `goltl{d`gib`fglr'

B|{`fròio l `gtl{r }f{ ji i}i{`b`g olj gdl{f l' @gtl{r p {lr}ltf }f{ jfr }{fblo`d`lgtfr p rfj|b`fglr o`rt`gtfr ol jfr

}{f}`fr' Dfrt{i{ lr}{`t| b{t`bf bfg jfr {lr|jtiofr fktlgòfr'


9' Lq}{lri{ lj t{d`gf nlgl{ij ol |gi r|blr`g bfgfb`lgof ijn|gfr ol r|rt{d`gfr'

;' [lrfjxl{ jd`tlr ol r|blr`fglr }fj`gd`bir* {ib`fgijlr* `{{ib`fgijlr p ol}ftlgbìr ol r|blr`fglr'

2' [lbfgfbl{ p {lrfjxl{ jir `goltl{d`gib`fglr lrt|oìoir'?' Bijb|ji{ jd`tlr ol r|blr`fglr lg jir y|l i}i{lbl ji `goltl{d`gib`g 9' Rikl{ {lrfjxl{ jir `goltl{d`gib`fglr * &* = * =&=* p 9 lg lj

bjb|jf ol jd`tlr ol h|gb`fglr'1' Rl{ bi}iblr ol aijji{ jir o`rbfgt`g|òiolr y|l }{lrlgti |gi h|gb`g p rikl{

bjir`h`bi{jir'0' Rl{ bi}iblr ol t{irjioi{ i |gi n{h`bi jir bi{ibtl{rt`bir dr {ljlxigtlr y|l

rl }|lolg olo|b`{ olj bjb|jf ol jd`tlr'

FKEL_@XFR

9' Olh`g`{ ji h|gb`g lq}fglgbìj p ji h|gb`g jfni{td`bi bfdf h|gb`fglr gxl{rir';' Bfgfbl{ jir n{h`bir p jir }{f}`loiolr ol jir h|gb`fglr lq}fglgbìj p

jfni{td`bi'2' Lgtlgol{ ji h|gb`g lq}fglgbìj bfdf |g dfoljf ditldt`bf }i{i ji

olrb{`}b`g ol hlgdlgfr git|{ijlr p rfbìjlr'?' Rikl{ diglei{ h|gb`fglr lq}fglgbìjlr rlgb`jjir ol b{lb`d`lgtf p ol

olb{lb`d`lgtf* bfglbtioir bfg ji {lijòio'' [lbfgfbl{ jir n{h`bir ol jir h|gb`fglr rlgf* bfrlgf p tignlgtl'1' Bfgrt{|`{ jir h|gb`fglr i{bfrlgf* i{bfbfrlgf p i{bftignlgtl'

0' [lrfjxl{ lb|ib`fglr lq}fglgbìjlr* jfni{td`bir p t{`nfgfdt{`bir'

\G@OIO O@OB_@BI G 0

H\GB@FGLR LQ]FGLGB@IJ*JFNI[_D@BI P _[@NFGFD_[@BIR


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}n`gi 98;&;]{fn{idib`g oòbt`bi ;=9;&92

BFG_LG@OFR

Bfgbl}tfr ]ftlgbì ol lq}fglgtl `{{ib`fgij' Olh`g`b`g ol h|gb`g lq}fglgbìj' Bi{ibtl{rt`bir5 ofd`g`f* {lbf{{òf*

dfgftfgi' @gxl{ri ol ji h|gb`g lq}fglgbìj5 h|gb`g jfni{td`bi' Olh`g`b`g ol jfni{`tdf ol |g gdl{f' Bi{ibtl{rt`bir ol ji h|gb`g jfni{td`bi5 ofd`g`f* {lbf{{òf* dfgftfgi' Olh`g`b`g ol jir h|gb`fglr rlgf* bfrlgf* tignlgtl p bftignlgtl'

Bi{ibtl{rt`bir ol o`bair h|gb`fglr' [lrt{`bb`g olj ofd`g`f ol jir h|gb`fglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir }i{i y|l iod`tig

`gxl{ri' H|gb`fglr t{`nfgfdt{`bir `gxl{rir5 i{bfrlgf* i{bfbfrlgf p i{bftignlgtl'

Bi{ibtl{rt`bir'

]{fblo`d`lgtfr Fktlgb`g ol }ftlgbìr ol lq}fglgtl {lij dloìgtl ji bijb|jiof{i bfg |gi

oltl{d`gioi

Prog. MATEMÁTICAS 1213

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