7/31/2019 las tipologias en los sistemas regionales de innovacion el caso de espaa

1/42

7;9

Ajndncf`z D.n29, 0.areu`trfcastra, 7996

O`s tfpnonb`s ad ons sfstac`s rabfnd`oas

ka fddnv`efd. Ao e`sn ka Asp``

O`s tfpnonb`s ka fddnv`efd rabfnd`oas parcftad e`ptur`r o` adnrca v`rfak`k y rfquaz` acprfe` ka

ons p`trndas ka fddnv`efd y encpatftfvfk`k rabfnd o, pnsfgfoft`dkn o` encp`r`efd ka camnras pre-

tfe`s y o` supar`efd ka pnotfe`s fkdtfe`s p`r` tnkns. Ad asta `rteuon sa prasadt` ecn sa sft`d

o`s rabfndas asp`no`s ad ud` tfpnonb` ka fddnv`efd ka o`s rabfndas ka o` QA-71, y sa ao`gnr`d

tfpnonb`s aspaehfe`s p`r` o`s encudfk`kas utdnc`s asp`no`s. Ad astns amarefefns ka ngtadefd

ka tfpnonb`s sa encp`r`d ons rasuot`kns ka fdeoufr n dn fdeoufr fdkfe`knras dn kfspndfgoas pnr ra-bfndas ad g`sas ka k`tns fdtard`efnd`oas, raharfkns ` `spaetns t`oas encn rasuot`kns y `etfvfk`kas

fddnv`knr`s dn ofb`k`s ` o` F+K, ennpar`efd adtra `badtas, pnotfe`s ka `pnyn ` o` fddnv`efd, t`-

c`n acpras`rf`o, fdtard`efnd`ofz`efd, fdhr`astruetur`s ka pnyn o` fddnv`efd y [FE.

Asju`oka-garrfjudtz`jn tfpnonbfaj `ujar` ac`tad kuta asju`oka-garrfjudtz`jn at` -oalf`jnrt`-

sudajn `sjnt`rfjnt`sud at` `gar`st`sud l`dkf` `tzac`tajn, at` pr`jtfj` ndad`j `okar`tza` at`

pnoftfj` garkfd`j b`fdkftza` `l`ogfkatzad ku. @rtfjuou lndat`d ar`justad kubu dno` jnj`tzad kfrad

Asp`fdf`jn asju`oka`j AG-71ajn asju`okaad garrfjudtz`-tfpnonbf` g`ta`d, at` Asp`fdf`jn `utndn-

cf`-arjfkabnaf guruzjn gar`rf`zjn tfpnonbf` g`tzuj ara prast`tu kftubu. [fpnonbf`j onrtzajn `rfjat`

lndat`d, asju`okaj`jn `kfar`zoa az-asjur`b`rrf`j d`zfn`rtajn k`tuad `r`gar` ar`dsta`rad akn az

ar`dsta`rad ac`ftz`j `okar`tzad kftubu, l`fdg`t `okarkfrf guruzjn`j, l`o` dno` F+Brf az ontut`jn

ac`ftz` at` m`rkuar` garrftz`foa`j, ar`bfoaad `rtajn jnnpar`zfn`, garrfjudtz` g`gastajn pnoftfj`j,

adprasad t`c`fd`, d`zfn`rtajntza`, garrfjudtz` at` FJ[`j g`gastajn zpfabftur`j.

[la typnonbfas nh rabfnd`o fddnv`tfnd oat us e`ptura tla bra`t acpfrfe`o v`rfaty `dk wa`otl nh tlarabfnd`o fddnv`tfnd `dk encpatftfvadass p`ttards, `dk ad`goa tla encp`rfsnd wftl tla gast pr`etfeas`dk tla suparsakfdb nh fkadtfe`o pnofefas. [lfs p`par slnws lnw tla sftu`tfnd nh tla Up`dfsl rabfndswftlfd `d 71-QA fddnv`tfnd typnonby, `dk ft era`tas spaefhfe typnonbfas hnr tla Up`dfsl `utndncnusrabfnds. Fd suel rasa`rel tla rasuots nh wlatlar tn fdeouka nr dnt, fdkfe`tnrs dnt `v`fo`goa gy rabfndsfd fdtard`tfnd`o k`t`g`sas `ra encp`rak. [lasa fdkfe`tnrs rao`ta tn `spaets suel `s tla fddnv`tfndrasuots `dk `etfvftfas dnt rao`tak tn tla W&K, ennpar`tfnd `cndb `badts, pnofefas suppnrtfdbfddnv`tfnd, adtrapradaurf`o sfza, fdtard`tfnd`ofz`tfnd, fdhr`strueturas suppnrtfdb fddnv`tfnd `dk F[.

7/31/2019 las tipologias en los sistemas regionales de innovacion el caso de espaa

2/42

7;0

Ajndncf`z D.n29, 0.areu`trfcastra, 7996

Cfjao D`v`rrn @r`deabufQdfvarsfk`k ka Kaustn-AU[A

Fdstftutn X`sen ka Encpatftfvfk`k

Mu`d Mns Bfg`m` C`rtdsQdfvarsfk`k ka Kaustn-AU[A

DKFEA

0. Fdtrnkueefd7. O`s tfpnonb`s ad o` oftar`tur` ka ons sfstac`s rabfnd`oas ka fddnv`efd5. O`s rabfndas aurnpa`s y asp`no`s ad o`s tfpnonb`s end k`tns ka Aurnst`t;. [fpnonb`s ka o`s Encudfk`kas `utdnc`s asp`no`s ` p`rtfr ka huadtas asp`no`s1. Wasucad y endeousfndasWaharadef`s gfgofnbrhfe`s

Y`o`gr`s eo`va= Ufstac` rabfnd`o ka fddnv`efd, p`trndas ka fddnv`efd, fddnv`efd, `dofsfs ka encpndadtasprfdefp`oas, Asp``.

Jaywnrks= rabfnd`o fddnv`tfnd systac, fddnv`tfnd p`ttards, fddnv`tfnd, c`fd encpndadts `d`oysfs, Up`fd.

D. ka eo`sfhfe`efd MAO= N0

7/31/2019 las tipologias en los sistemas regionales de innovacion el caso de espaa

3/42

Cfjao D`v`rrn @r`deabuf, Mu`d Mns Bfg`m` C`rtds

r`ocadta `dofsfs h`etnrf`oas y ka eoustars,

parcftad su `pofe`efd ` endmudtns `cpofns

ka rabfndas, `udqua ` enst` kao dcarn ka

kfcadsfndas qua puakad sar eu`dtfff e`k`s

y tnc`k`s ad euadt` pnr o` tfpnonb`.

Ao dfvao kfspndfgoa ka fdhnrc`efd rabfn-

d`o v`r` sust`def`ocadta ka udns p`sas

` ntrns. Eu`dkn sa kasa` ngtadar tfpnon-

b`s ka rabfndas ka ud `cpofn endmudtn ka

p`sas, sa l`ea daeas`rfn ofcft`r g`st`dta

ao dcarn ka v`rf`goas qua rasuot` pnsfgoa

endsfkar`r ad ao `dofsfs, pnrqua tfadad qua

sar encudas ad tnkns ons p`sas ka cnkn

qua `obud`s euastfndas qua sa endsfka-r`d raoav`dtas p`r` o` e`r`etarfz`efd ka ons

sfstac`s dn puakad sar tnc`k`s ad end-

sfkar`efd. Eu`dkn ao tr`g`mn ka tfpnonb`s

sa raff ara ` ud snon p`s, y sf asta, encn as

ao e`sn ka Asp``, pnr su br`kn ka kas-

eadtr`ofz`efd `kcfdfstr`tfv`, l` kas`rrn-

oo`kn ka cnkn fcpnrt`dta sus ast`kstfe`s

rabfnd`oas, o`s v`rf`goas endsfkar`k`s p`r`

o` ao`gnr`efd ka o`s tfpnonb`s parcftad`eare`rsa cueln cs ` o` cakfefd ka on

qua o` oftar`tur` ka ons UWF endsfkar` ends-

tftuyadtas hudk`cadt`oas ka ud sfstac` ka

fddnv`efd.

Asta tr`g`mn tfada, ad asta sadtfkn, ud

kngoa ngmatfvn. Ynr ud o`kn, nhraear tfpnon-

b`s ka ons p`trndas ka fddnv`efd y enc-

patftfvfk`k ka o`s encudfk`kas `utdnc`s

asp`no`s, qua, `kacs ka k`r ` endnear

ons kfharadtas cnkns ka endff bur`efd ka

ons UWF, pnsfgfoftad `etu`efndas ka gadel-

c`rjfdby ao kfsan ka pnotfe`s camnr `k`p-

t`k`s ` o`s e`r`etarstfe`s ka e`k` en-

cudfk`k. Ynr ntrn o`kn, tr`t`r ka var qu

kfharadef`s ka rasuot`kns, ad ao cgftn ka

o`s tfpnonb`s, sa puakad karfv`r ka tr`g`m`r

end g`sas ka k`tns, encn o`s ka Aurnst`t,

qua dn nhraead fdhnrc`efd sngra `spae-

tns eo`va ka ons sfstac`s ka fddnv`efd,

end raspaetn ` ons qua sa ngtadkr`d ka

tr`g`m`r end ud endmudtn ka v`rf`goas cu-

eln cs `cpofn, encn ao qua l`y kfspndf-

goa p`r` o`s encudfk`kas `utdnc`s as-

p`no`s.

End t`o ff d, ao `rteuon sa astruetur` kao sf-bufadta cnkn. Ad ud prfcar `p`rt`kn, tr`s

cnstr`r gravacadta ad qu endsfsta ud

UWF, sa axpndkr o` hudefd qua ad o euc-

poad o`s tfpnonb`s, `s encn o`s kns v`s

qua axfstad ka ngtadefd ka st`s (` s`gar,

o` endeaptu`o y o` g`s`k` ad `dofsfs ast`-

kstfens ka k`tns ka endmudtns `cpofns ka

rabfndas) y ons rasuot`kns ` qua l`d k`kn

oub`r ud` y ntr`.

Ad ud sabudkn `p`rt`kn, axpndkracns

o`s tfpnonb`s kas`rrnoo`k`s pnr dnsntrns

end k`tns ka Aurnst`t= prfcarn, cnstr`d-

kn o` fdsarefd qua tfadad o`s rabfndas as-

p`no`s ad o` raefadta tfpnonb` ka p`trndas

ka fddnv`efd y encpatftfvfk`k ao`gnr`k`

pnr D`v`rrn at `o.(7996) p`r` 0

7/31/2019 las tipologias en los sistemas regionales de innovacion el caso de espaa

4/42

O`s tfpnonb`s ad ons sfstac`s rabfnd`oas ka fddnv`efd. Ao e`sn ka Asp``

7;5

ka ud sfstac` ka fddnv`efd. Ynr otfcn, ao`rteuon ff d`ofz`r end ud `p`rt`kn ka rasu-cad y endeousfndas.

7. O@U [FYNONB@U AD O@ OF[AW@[QW@KA ONU UFU[AC@U WABFND@OAUKA FDDNX@EFD

7.0. Endeaptn ka UWF y hudefdka o`s tfpnonb`s

Ao adhnqua ka ons UWF as cuy tfo p`r` aoastukfn kao kasacpan aendcfen y ka fd-dnv`efd ka o`s rabfndas `s encn p`r` aokfsan ka pnotfe`s ka fddnv`efd rabfnd`o(@slafc y Enadad, 7991: Cuooars at `o.,799

7/31/2019 las tipologias en los sistemas regionales de innovacion el caso de espaa

5/42

Cfjao D`v`rrn @r`deabuf, Mu`d Mns Bfg`m` C`rtds

efas) sa adeuadtr` `sfcfscn ad tnkns ons`utnras pnstarfnras partadaefadtas ` astaadhnqua (Fs`jsad, 7990: D`uwao`ars y Rfdt-mas, 7997: [ktofdb y [rfppo, 7991: @slafc at

`o., 7992, ate.). [`o encn snstfada Ynrtar(0669) kaska ud` parspaetfv` astr`tbfe`,o`s rabfndas kagar`d guse`r kas`rrnoo`r susprnpf`s encpatadef`s y raeursns dfens,p`r` `s fcpuos`r su encpatftfvfk`k g`s`k`ad vadt`m`s encpatftfv`s.

Ad t`o sadtfkn, o`s tfpnonb`s endstftuyadud fdstrucadtn `d`otfen p`r` e`r`etarfz`ro`s rabfndas ka `euarkn end su sfcfoftuk ad

ud` katarcfd`k` encgfd`efd ka h`etnras.O`s tfpnonb`s parcftad fkadtfff e`r p`trndaska kas`rrnoon cakf`dta ud` encp`r`efd

sfstactfe` ka `etfvfk`kas aendcfe`s yka fddnv`efd ` on o`rbn ka ud endmudtn`cpofn ka rabfndas.

L` l`gfkn kns br`dkas cnkns ka `prnxf-

c`rsa ` o` ngtadefd ka tfpnonb`s ad o` ofta-r`tur` ka ons UWF. Ynr ud o`kn astd ons `u-tnras qua, end ao ff d ka varfff e`r n endtr`st`rtr`g`mns endeaptu`oas pravfns, l`d tr`g`m`-kn end astukfns ka e`sns, ad ne`sfndas `cnkn ka kfonbn ftar`tfvn. Ynr ntrn o`kn as-td ons `utnras qua l`d endsfkar`kn ud `c-pofn endmudtn ka rabfndas y l`d ahaetu`kn`dofsfs ast`kstfensbadar`ocadta `dofsfs

h`etnrf`oas y eoustarka k`tns aendcfensy ka fddnv`efd end ao ff d ka ngtadar tfpnon-b`s ka UWF.

Brhfen d. 0

Waprasadt`efd brhfe` kao `dofsfs ka ud sfstac` rabfnd`o ka fddnv`efd

UQGUFU[AC@ FDU[F[QEFND@OFdhr`astruetur` E y [aednonb`Fdhr`astruetur` p`r` o` fddnv`efd

UQGUFU[AC@ ACYWAU@WF@OF+K acpras`rf`oNtr` `etfvfk`k fddnv`knr`Astruetur` acpras`rf`oAstruetur` prnkuetfv`

FD[AW@EEFDYNO[FE@U

UFU[AC@ WABFND@O KA FDDNX@EFD

Nutput fddnv`knrNutput efadtffen-taednobfen

Nutput aendcfen

N[WNU UFU[AC@U KA FDDNX@EFD

FD[AWD@EFND@OF]@EFD

C@WEN

UNEFN-AENDCFEN

Kacnbr`h`,

WWLL,

C[

@eeasfgfofk`kyt`c`n

Huadta= Ao`gnr`efd prnpf`.

7/31/2019 las tipologias en los sistemas regionales de innovacion el caso de espaa

6/42

O`s tfpnonb`s ad ons sfstac`s rabfnd`oas ka fddnv`efd. Ao e`sn ka Asp``

7;1

7.7.[fpnonb`s endeaptu`oas

Kaska ao pudtn ka vfst` ka o`s tfpnon-

b`s endeaptu`oas, l` l`gfkn eu`trn br`d-

kas prnpuast`s. Ad prfcar oub`r l`g` qua

cadefnd`r o` tfpnonb` prnpuast` pnr Enn-

ja (066

7/31/2019 las tipologias en los sistemas regionales de innovacion el caso de espaa

7/42

Cfjao D`v`rrn @r`deabuf, Mu`d Mns Bfg`m` C`rtds

rabfnd`oas, sfstac`s ka fddnv`efd rabfnd`-

oas y rabfndas qua `pradkad. Y`r` endsfka-

r`r ud` rabfd encn UWF, `kacs ka o` end-

eadtr`efd ad ud` paqua` ra` banbrffe`

ka acpras`s fdtarkapadkfadtas partadaefad-

tas `o cfscn saetnr n ` saetnras `ky`ead-

tas (astn as, cs `oo ka o` axfstadef` ka ud

eoustarrabfnd`o), rasuot` daeas`rf` o` axfstad-

ef` ka ennpar`efd nrb`dfz`k` adtra o`s ac-

pras`s, astfcuo`k` pnr o` endff`dz`, dnrc`s

y endvadefndas, `s encn o` ennpar`efd

adtra o`s acpras`s y kfharadtas nrb`dfz`efn-

das qua kas`rrnoo`d y kfhudkad endnefcfadtn

(Fs`jsad, 7990). Astn dns ooav` ` on qua, ka

`euarkn end Knonraux at `o. (7992), pnkr`

endsfkar`rsa tarear tfpn ka tfpnonb` UWF= o`

rao`efnd`k` end o`s g`rrar`s `o UWF. Ad ao

prnyaetn UCAYNO kas`rrnoo`kn pnr sfata

brupns `e`kcfens ka fdvastfb`efd aurn-

pans sa fkadtfffe`rnd tras tfpns ka prngoac`s

p`r` o` axfstadef` ka ud UWF= o` kagfofk`k

(tlfddass) nrb`dfz`efnd`o (astn as, o` h`ot` ka

`etnras one`oas raoav`dtas kagfkn ` o` g`m`eoustarfz`efd n kgfo knt`efd ka fdstftuefn-

das), o` hr`bcadt`efd (n h`ot` ka fdtar`eefd

y ka rakas) y ao gonquan nonej-fd(aspaef`of-

z`efd fdkustrf`o ad fdkustrf`s tr`kfefnd`oas n

taednonb`s ngsnoat`s).

Ons `utnras qua tr`g`m`d end ast`s e`-

tabnr`s (Fs`jsad, 7990: J`uhhc`dd y [-

ktofdb, 7999: [ktofdb y [rfppo, 7991:

D`uwo`ars y Rfdtmas, 7997) ofb`d t`oas g`-rrar`s ` tfpns aspaeff ens ka rabfndas prn-

goactfe`s= o` kagfofk`k nrb`dfz`efnd`o as

tpfe` ka rabfndas parfhrfe`s: o` hr`bcadt`-

efd on as ka `obudns eoustars rabfnd`oas y

rabfndas catrnpnoft`d`s: y aoonej-fdka ra-

bfndas ka `dtfbu` fdkustrf`ofz`efd, ka ra-

bfndas ad tr`dsfefd y ka rabfndas parfhrf-

e`s g`s`k`s ad c`tarf`s prfc`s.

Qd` eu`rt` y otfc` tfpnonb` endeaptu`o

puaka sar endsfkar`k` o` ka ons tfpns ka

UWF, ka euarkn end su g`sa ka endnefcfad-

tn, qua kfstfdbua @slafc (v`dsa @slafc y

Enadad, 7991 y 7998: @slafc y Bartoar,

7991: @slafc at `o.,7992`, 7992g y 7992e:

Cnnkyssnd at `o., 799

7/31/2019 las tipologias en los sistemas regionales de innovacion el caso de espaa

8/42

O`s tfpnonb`s ad ons sfstac`s rabfnd`oas ka fddnv`efd. Ao e`sn ka Asp``

7;2

ad ao `p`rt`kn sfbufadta sa kat`oo`d ons fd-

tadtns ka ngtadefd ka tfpnonb`s ka rabfn-

das asp`no`s.

Waspaetn ` o`s tfpnonb`s ka rabfndas en-

rraspndkfadtas ` o` QA-71 n ` ons kns br`d-kas sugendmudtns ka p`sas encpndadtas

ka `quaoo` (QA-01 y QA-09), ka `euarkn

end duastrn endnefcfadtn sa l`d pugofe`kn

6 tfpnonb`s, qua kfff arad sabd o`s rabfndas

endsfkar`k`s, o` hael` ` qua v`d raharfkns

ons k`tns, o`s v`rf`goas endsfkar`k`s y o`s

e`tabnr`s qua sa karfv`d kao `dofsfs. Ax-

eakar` ka ons ngmatfvns ka asta `rteuon ad-

tr`r ad su axpnsfefd pnrcadnrfz`k`. @dtaaoon, lacns npt`kn pnr raenbar ad ao eu`-

krn d. 0 on cs kast`e`kn ka e`k` ud` ka

as`s tfpnonb`s y, ad on qua sfbua, dns ofcf-

t`racns ` kast`e`r ons pudtns qua tfadad

ad encd, `s encn `obud`s endeousfndas

qua sa karfv`d ka su `dofsfs.

0. O`s duava tfpnonb`s eft`k`s kase`d-

s`d c`ynrft`rf`cadta ad ons k`tns

prnpnrefnd`kns pnr Aurnst`t p`r`

o`s rabfndas encudft`rf`s. Ad `obu-

dns e`sns ons `utnras ra`ofz`d astf-

c`efndas ka ons k`tns `usadtas n

ons encpoat`d end `obud` ntr` huad-

ta ka fcpnrt`def` cadnr. O` huadta

ka k`tns gsfe` p`r` ao astukfn ka o`

ra`ofk`k rabfnd`o ad Aurnp` l` sfkn

l`st` `lnr` Aurnst`t. As pnsfgoa qua

o` raefadtacadta `p`raefk` g`sa ka

k`tns rabfnd`o ka o` NEKA, ad o` ca-

kfk` ka qua kfspnda t`cgfd ka k`-

tns ka o` Nhfefd` ka Y`tadtas Aurn-

pa` (AYN) y qua fdeouya rabfndas ka

ntrns p`sas ka o` NEKA, sa endvfar-

t` ad ao huturn ad ud` pnkarns` huad-

ta `otard`tfv` ka k`tns. Ntr`s huadtas

encn Aspnd, kagfkn ` su dn radn-

v`efd parfkfe` y h`ot` ka sarfas, dnl`d `tr`kn t`dtn ao fdtars ka ons fd-

vastfb`knras.

7. O` huadta ka k`tns kfspndfgoa ofcf-

t` sarf`cadta o` pnsfgfofk`k ka tr`-

g`m`r end rabfndas kahfdfk`s kaska

ud` parspaetfv` snefnaendcfe` n

euotur`o. @ pas`r ka qua kaska o` prf-

car` tfpnonb` sa raendnead ons prn-

goac`s qua prasadt` o` udfk`k DQ[U

p`r` sar aqufp`r`k` end ao endeaptn

ka rabfd (v`sa Eo`rysaa y Cuokur,

7990= 726), as` as o` dfe` udfk`k

tarrftnrf`o sugd`efnd`o p`r` o` qua l`y

k`tns endsfstadtas kfspndfgoas y `

aoo` sa vad ngofb`kns ` raeurrfr ons

`d`ofst`s. As cs, o` dn kfspndfgfof-

k`k ka k`tns rabfnd`ofz`kns p`r` `o-

budns paquans p`sas ngofb` ` qua

p`r` aoons sa kag` npar`r end ons k`-

tns ka tnkn ao p`s (e`sn ka Ouxac-

gurbn, Kfd`c`re`, Elfpra, Astndf`,

Oatndf`, Oftu`df`, C`ot` y Asonvadf`).

5. Ntr` ofcft`efd fcpnrt`dta ka Aurns-

t`t l`ea raharadef` ` ons tfpns ka v`-

rf`goas endtadfk`s ad su g`sa ka k`-

tns. @o l`gftu`o sasbn ka ons fdkfe`-

knras ka fddnv`efd l`ef` `quaoo`s

`etfvfk`kas cs g`s`k`s ad o` efad-

ef` y ad o` taednonb` (b`stn ad F+K,

p`tadtas y kacs), l`y qua suc`r

ad ao e`sn rabfnd`o ao ase`sn dcarn

ka v`rf`goas ka o` ast`kstfe` ka F+K

qua sa rabfnd`ofz`d n qua o` ast`ks-

tfe` ka fddnv`efd dn sa adeuadtr`

rabfnd`ofz`k` ad `gsnoutn: aoon fcpf-

ka endnear t`dtn ao pasn qua tfadad

ntrns raeursns ka fddnv`efd dn g`-

s`kns ad o` F+K, encn o`s rao`efndas

ka ennpar`efd qua puakad axfstfr

adtra ons `badtas, ao p`pao kao bn-

gfardn encn hfd`def`knr ka o`s `e-

tfvfk`kas fddnv`knr`s, ao pnreadt`-

ma ka vadt`s ka prnkuetns duavns,ate. Ntrn t`dtn e`gr` kaefr kao t`c`-

n, prnpfak`k a fdtard`efnd`ofz`efd

7/31/2019 las tipologias en los sistemas regionales de innovacion el caso de espaa

9/42

Cfjao D`v`rrn @r`deabuf, Mu`d Mns Bfg`m` C`rtds

Eu`

krnd.

0

[fpnonb`skarabfndasaurnpa`spugofe`k`s

@utnras

[fpn

ka

pugofe`efd

Wabfndas

endsfkar`k`s

Huadtaka

k`tns

@n

kak`tns

[

edfe`ast`kstfe`

X`rf`goasendsfkar`k`s

[fpnonb`ngt

adfk`

Eo`

rysaa

yC

uokur

(06

66)

Wav

fst`

`e`

kc

f-

e`

**

097rab

fndas

ka

o`QA-0

1=

DQ[U

0(GA

,KA

,QJ)y

DQ[U7(ras

tn)

Aurns

t`t

0661(v`rf`

goas

kad

fva

o):

06