3 EstructPrim Jl

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GEOLOGA ESTRUCTURAL

Prof. Asistente: MSc. Julin A. Lpez I.

Escuela de Geologa - UIS

ESTRUCTURA INTERNA DE LA TIERRA

PLACAS TECTNICAS


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PUNTOS CALIENTES Y PLUMAS TECTNICAS

Photo: Tom Pfeiffer /www.volcanodiscovery.com

Hawaii

7. El continente se erosiona, la corteza se adelgaza.Un nuevo ciclo puede iniciar.

Duracin aproximada del ciclo: 400 500 ma.

EL CICLO DE WILSON


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ESTRUCTURAS PRIMARIAS

CONTACTOS DEPOSICIONALES


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Estratificacin Horizontal

P RINCIPIO DE SUPERPOSICION DE LOS ESTRATOS

PRINCIPIO DE CONTINUIDAD

Se observa cmo en la zona Oeste del corte existe el estrato 2 situado entre el material1 y el 3. En cambio, en la zona Este adyacente, el estrato 2 ha desaparecido. Se puedededucir que en esta ltima zona ha ocurrido algn fenmeno que ha evitado lasedimentacin del material 2 (se descarta la erosin pues la superficie de contactoentre los estratos 1 y 3 no presenta paleorelieve). De este modo se puede saber queentre los materiales 1 y 3 de la zona Este del corte hay un hiato y que el contacto entredichos estratos constituye una paraconformidad.

???? Discordancias

ANLISIS DE LA ESTRATIGRAFA


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Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona. Photocredit: Roy W. Schlische.


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Onlap unconformity (yellow) between subvertical strata of the Mississippian HortonGroup (red) and dipping strata (purple) of the Wolfville Formation, Tennycape, NovaScotia. Note that the unconformity dips steeper than the strata above it. Photo credit:Roy W. Schlische.

James Hutton studied the famous angular unconformity at Siccar Point in Scotland inthe late 18th century.


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Conglomerados! Dnde?

LAB RATORIO

APARENTE - REAL


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APARENTE - REAL

.

BUZAMIENTO APARENTE

Vertical bedding in theMississippian Horton Group nearParrsboro, Nova Scotia. The bedshave been rotated by approximately90 degrees. Photo credit: Roy W.Schlische.

Ejemplo Galvis, rocasvolcnicasSabana de Bogot.

Columnar joints in basalt--Devil's Tower


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Striations are left on rock surfaces as the ice sheet dragsrocks and other debris across them

Modern mud cracks(grietas de desecacin )

Estructuras Sedimentarias eIndicadores de Paleocorrientes

Silurian (ca. 420Ma) mud cracks


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Cross section of a large mudcrack inthe middle Passaic Formation,Neshanic, NJ. The mudcrack widensupward , indicating an upwardsyounging direction. The mudcrackdoes not have planar sides becauseit was deformed during compaction.Photo credit: Roy W. Schlische

up

up

Mud Cracks

Rain Drops / Footprints

Ondulitas


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Modern dune crossbeds

Estratificacin Cruzada

EaES 350-6 44


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Jurassic (ca. 170 Ma) dune crossbeds in ZionNP

Cross bedding in the Triassic Honeycomb Point Formation, St. Martins, Nova Scotia. The crossbeds are truncated at the top and tangential at the base, indicating that the bed is right-side-up.RWS photo.

Graded beds

Gradacin


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Channel within the WolfvilleFormation, Tennycape, Nova Scotia.The channel contains a coarse lagdeposit, which fines upward. Thechannel is concave upward. Both theupward fining and the channelgeometry indicate an upwardsyounging direction. Photo credit: RoyW. Schlische.


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Volcnicas - Sedimentarias

Cooling columns within a lava flow, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. Thesubvertical cooling joints form perpendicular to the cooling surfaces, which are the topand bottom contacts of the lava flow. Photo credit: Roy W. Schlische.


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EJEMPLO SABANA DE BOGOT:

- CUELLO VOLCNICO vs. ESTRATIFICACIN VERTICAL- VACUOLAS vs. FOREMINFEROS DISUELTOS- LITOGEOQUMICA Si volcnica vs. porcelanitas- SILO vs. CAPA ARCILLOLITA CON XIDOS FE- REGOLITO vs. CONGLOMERADO

Galvis, 2006 (?) - Patarroyo & Terraza, 2011 Revista ACCFEN

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Dos libros y textos de geologa estructural (autores)

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