UNIDAD DE APRENDIZAJE: INGLÉS V PLAN 2008 · estilos directo e indirecto, los tiempos futuro...

ELABORÓPROFESOR GONZALO HERNÁNDEZ HERNÁNDEZ Página 1

Área de conocimientos

Ingeniería y Ciencias Físico Matemáticas. Ciencias Sociales y Administrativas. Ciencias Medico Biológicas.

Nivel 1°

Área de formación Científica, Humanística y Tecnológica Básica

Tipo de Espacio Aula, Laboratorio y Otros ambientes de

aprendizaje.

Modalidad Escolar, No escolarizada y Mixta

Vigencia a partir de: agosto 2008.

1.

UNIDAD DE APRENDIZAJE: INGLÉS V PLAN 2008

2. 3.

4.

5. 6.


GUÍA DE APRENDIZAJE INGLÉS V PLAN 2008

COMPETENCIA GENERAL

Usa el vocabulario el vocabulario y las expresiones pertinentes para hacer deducciones e indicar grados de certeza y dudas en relación a situaciones policiacas

Competencias Particulares

Satisface necesidades comunicativas en la lengua inglesa, para hacer predicciones y deducciones, comentar lo dicho por otros, mostrar coincidencias y desacuerdos. Así como hablar sobre servicios requeridos, en forma oral y escrita, en contextos sociales, formales e informales

Utiliza los estilos directo e indirecto, los tiempos futuro continuo y futuro perfecto, así como el vocabulario y las expresiones pertinentes para descubrir la problemática ambiental global

Utiliza los pronombres relativos, adjetivos y sustantivos compuestos, así como el vocabulario y las expresiones pertinentes para mostrar coincidencias y desacuerdos sobre tendencias de moda y estilos.

Empleo el vocabulario, las estructuras y expresiones pertinentes para hablar sobre algunos servicios requeridos.


Instrucciones generales: La guía de aprendizaje contiene las cuatro unidades que integran el programa de estudios vigente de la Unidad Aprendizaje de Inglés I, en ellas encontrarás lo visto en tus clases, por lo que se te sugiere que: - Consultes otras referencias documentales. - Realices lecturas adicionales.

UNIDAD DIDACTICA No. 1 EL MUNDO NATURAL COMPETENCIA PARTICULAR: Utiliza los estilos directo e indirecto, los tiempos futuro continuo y futuro perfecto, así como el vocabulario y las expresiones pertinentes, para discutir la problemática ambiental global.

RAP 1. Reporta estilo directo e indirecto, lo expresado por diferentes especialistas respecto a problemas ambientales, en un foro electrónico.

UNIDAD DIDACTICA No. 1 EL MUNDO NATURAL COMPETENCIA PARTICULAR: Utiliza los estilos directo e indirecto, los tiempos futuro continuo y futuro perfecto, así como el vocabulario y las expresiones pertinentes, para discutir la problemática ambiental global.

RAP 2. Comenta las posibles consecuencias de los problemas ambientales a nivel mundial, en una discusión grupal, utilizando los tiempos futuro continuo y futuro perfecto.

UNIDAD DIDACTICA No. 2 MODA COMPETENCIA PARTICULAR: Utiliza los pronombres relativos, adjetivos y sustantivos compuestos, así como el vocabulario y las expresiones pertinentes, para mostrar coincidencias y desacuerdos sobre tendencias de moda y estilo.

RAP 1. Describe el mundo de la moda y sus tendencias, utilizando los tiempos futuros y los pronombres relativos.


UNIDAD DIDACTICA No. 2 MODA COMPETENCIA PARTICULAR: Utiliza los pronombres relativos, adjetivos y sustantivos compuestos, así como el vocabulario y las expresiones pertinentes, para mostrar coincidencias y desacuerdos sobre tendencias de moda y estilo.

RAP 2. Expresa coincidencias y desacuerdos en conversaciones sobre aspectos de la moda en diferentes países.

UNIDAD DIDACTICA No. 3 SERVICIOS COMPETENCIA PARTICULAR: Emplea el vocabulario, las estructuras y expresiones pertinentes para hablar sobre algunos servicios requeridos.

RAP 1. Representa conversaciones entre prestadores de servicios y clientes, en donde se utilicen las preguntas indirectas y need + ing

UNIDAD DIDACTICA No. 3 SERVICIOS COMPETENCIA PARTICULAR: Emplea el vocabulario, las estructuras y expresiones pertinentes para hablar sobre algunos servicios requeridos.

RAP 1. Representa conversaciones entre prestadores de servicios y clientes, en donde se utilicen las preguntas indirectas y need + ing

UNIDAD DIDACTICA No 4 LA LEY Y EL ORDEN COMPETENCIA PARTICULAR: Usa el vocabulario, las estructuras y expresiones pertinentes, para hacer deducciones e indicar diferentes grados de certeza y duda en relación a historias policiacas.

RAP 1. Expresa deducciones con respecto a sucesos policiacos, utilizando los auxiliares modales.

UNIDAD DIDACTICA No 4 LA LEY Y EL ORDEN COMPETENCIA PARTICULAR: Usa el vocabulario, las estructuras y expresiones pertinentes, para hacer deducciones e indicar diferentes grados de certeza y duda en relación a historias policiacas.

RAP 2. Narra eventos en los que se cometen infracciones o delitos, utilizando conectores de secuencia, así como verbos en infinitivo y gerundio.


REFERENCIAS DOCUMENTALES

N° TÍTULO DEL DOCUMENTO

TIPO DATOS DEL DOCUMENTO CLASIFICACIÓN

LIBRO

ANTOLOGÍA

OTRO

( ESPECIFIQUE)

AUTOR (ES) EDITORIAL Y AÑO

BÁSICO CONSULTA

1 AMERICAN FRAMEWORK

X GOLDSTEIN, BEN

RICHMOND PUBLISHING, 2005

X

2 CHALLENGES X ACKLAM, RICHARD

PEARSON LONGMAN, 2006

X

3 NEW ENGLISH FILE

X OXEDEN, CLIVE

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2004

X

4 DICTIONARY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND CULTURE

X SUMMERS, DELLA

ADDISON WESLEY LONGMAN, 1999

X

5 HOW ENGLISH WORKS

X SWAN, MICHAEL

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2002

X

6 MARCO COMÚN EUROPEO DE REFERENCIA PARA EL APRENDIZAJE, ENSEÑANZA Y EVALUACIÓN DE LAS LENGUAS EXTRANJERAS

X

DOCUMENTO EN LÍNEA

CONSEJO DE EUROPA

X


Sugerencia de estudio:

1. Resuelve tu guía.

2. Lee información adicional en las páginas de internet proporcionadas.

3. Busca las palabras que no conoces en un diccionario.

4. Resuelve tu cuaderno de trabajo y los ejercicios de tu libro de texto.

5. Usa tu CD para resolver ejercicios de comprensión auditiva.

6. Consulta con profesores de la academia de inglés cualquier duda que tengas mientras te preparas.


Reported speech. The information may be reported as it was said Pedro : “I am a student” “I like to listen to music” “I can swim very well” Pedro said that he is a student He said that he likes to listen to music He said that he can swim very well Say vs tell The information may be reported in the following ways: Pedro said that he is a student. Pedro told Susy that he is a student. He told her that he is a student. Exercise: fill in the blanks with : He, She, him, her or ф Example: He said _ ф_ he has a dog. He told _her_ that his favorite music is pop. He told ______ that he is from L.A. She told _____ that she has two sisters. _____ told her that he goes to school from Monday to Friday. She said _____ her favorite music is electronic. He told _____ that he does exercise everyday. He said _____ that he is planning to buy a car. SEQUENCE OF TENSES. The information may be reported so much time later and the sequence of tenses is needed. See: Joe: “ I saw a good movie last weekend” Reporting: He said that he had seen a good movie the previous weekend. The sequence of tenses is as follows: DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED INFORMATION/INDIRECT

SPEECH Present past Past Past perfect Present perfect Past perfect


Can could will would may might should should In another way: Grammar: DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED INFORMATION/INDIRECT

SPEECH He said “My parents are Mexican” He said that his parents were Mexican. He said “ I live in N.Y” He said the he lived in N-Y. He said“My sister was born in The USA” He said that his sister had been born in the

U.S.A. He said“I went to Mexico last year” He said that he had gone to Mexico the

previous year. He said“I will spend Christmas in Mexico”

He said that he would spend Christmas in Mexico

He said“I have gone to Acapulco a few times”

He said that he had gone to Acapulco a few times.

He said“My cousin may here next weekend”

He said that his cousin might be there the following weekend.

He said“ I should write more often to my family”

He said that he should write more often to his family

Exercise: Change the following ideas from direct to indirect speech. Tom: “I am feeling terrible” He said that ______________________________________________________. Alice to Tom “ I can´t see you tonight” She told him that: __________________________________________________. My mom to me: “you have to clean your room today. _________________________________________________________________ The reporter: “it may rain today” _________________________________________________________________. The teacher to the students: “ Einstein has been one of the most outstanding persons ever” __________________________________________________________________. The president to us: “ we need to cut down on expenses in the government” __________________________________________________________________. A friend to me “ You should do more exercise” ___________________________________________________________________. The guide to the boy scouts “We must stop now and camp here”


___________________________________________________________________. SO VS TOO AND EITHER VS NEITHER. See the following ideas. Frida and Diego were both painters. Frida was a painter Diego was a painter too. In other words we can say. Frida was a painter and… So was Diego. See the following comparison: Frida is still famous. So is Diego. Frida was born in Mexico. So was Diego. Frida lived an extraordinary life.

So did Diego.

Frida will be remembered forever.

So will Diego

Frida can be seen on a Mexican bill. So can Diego Consider the following cases too: My dad speaks Spanish. So does my mom. My dad loves pizza. So do I. My parents have always lived in Mexico. So have I My mom should work less. So should my dad. My parents may leave the city this weekend. So may I. Exercise. Transform the following ideas, like in the following example: (use “so” ) Both Jimmy Connors and John McEnroe were excellent tennis players. Jimmy Connors was an excellent tennis player and so was John McEnroe. Hugo Sánchez and Manuel Negrete played in the Mexican soccer selection. _____________________________________________________________________. Both Darwin and Lady D were English. _____________________________________________________________________. New York and Washington are located in the USA. _____________________________________________________________________. The poles and the countries near them have been affected by the global warming. ___________________________________________________________________.


the authorities and the local people should work on reforestation. ___________________________________________________________________. Both my boss and I need to take a break. ___________________________________________________________________. Some animals and plants will become extinct soon. ____________________________________________________________________. Both men and women can take important positions in a company. _____________________________________________________________________. Either vs neither. When two ideas are similar and negative: See: Both Los Angeles and San Diego are not in Mexico. Los Angeles is not in Mexico. San Diego is not in Mexico either. Or: Neither is San Diego. See the following information. Frida is not alive now Neither is Diego. Frida wasn´t born in Mexico. Neither was Diego. Frida didn´t die in an accident. Neither did Diego. Frida won´t be forgotten. Neither will Diego See the following information too My sister can´t cook well Neither can I My sister doesn´t like to drive. Neither does my mom. My parents have never traveled to Europe.

Neither have I. I couldn´t get permission for the party. Neither could my sister. Exercise. Transform the following ideas, like in the following example: (use “neither” ) Example: Kaka and Ronaldinho don´t live in Brazil. Kaka doesn´t live in Brazil and Neither does Ronaldinho. Hugo Sánchez and Manuel Negrete didn´t play for Barcelona. _____________________________________________________________________. Both Darwin and Lady D weren´t American _____________________________________________________________________. New York and Washington aren´t located in England. _____________________________________________________________________.


Mexico and The USA have never won a soccer world cup ___________________________________________________________________. Both men and women shouldn´t put down the opposite gender. ___________________________________________________________________. Both my boss and I don´t really need to work 24 hrs everyday. ___________________________________________________________________. Some animals and plants won´t be on earth soon. ____________________________________________________________________. VAT and income tax can´t be avoided. _____________________________________________________________________. Just in case vs In case See the following examples: In case of fire dial 55 44 33 11 You should have the fire department phone number just in case. The rule is: In case of + noun, In case of + Ving: In case of fire, In case of an earthquake, in case of poisoning. Just in case is a separate phrase: I will be here waiting, just in case. Complete the following statements with, In case of or Just in case. Use water to clean the affected area ________________ of exposure to this substance. Keep my mobile number if you need my help, __________________. Double up the dosage ___________________ of severe pain. Here´s my address, ___________________. Either vs Neither.

Either …or

Either … or is used to talk about a choice between two alternatives.

• He must be either mad or drunk. • We must either go now or stay till the end

Neither/nor is a negative way of saying 'both': Neither wine nor beer has fallen in price. Neither phone calls nor emails were answered. Neither takes both singular and plural verbs. For items in the singular, a singular verb is used: Neither wine nor beer has fallen in price. For plural items, use a plural verb: Neither phone calls nor emails were answered.


Exercises: 1. You haven't any choice ,_________ you win or you lose . 2. __________ your cries nor your tears can stop him. 3. He didn't do his homework, ___________ did his friend. 4. When I go to the pub, ______I drink orange juice or I have a cup of tea. 5. __________his parents nor his friends can make him change his mind. 6. He said that __________ you give him some money or he will send the file to the police. 7. I like __________ of them. 8. _________ expensive or cheap, I will buy this car. 9. You can find your son in __________of these two rooms. I've not seen him. 10. The policeman believed ___________the boy nor the woman. 11. _____________ Jack nor my brother can win. 12. She can't dance tonight , ____________ can her boyfriend. See the following phrases. As I´ve been saying. As it has been stated. In other words. As I early mentioned. Complete the following ideas with the previous phrases. We have to go ___________________ let´s hit the road. ____________________ , I will not do it. ______________________ the company is going bankrupt! ______________________ I will not change my mind. (more than a solution is possible) Environment The words below are some of the most important used when talking about the Environment.

Environment - Important Issues

acid rain

aerosol

animal welfare

carbon monoxide

climate

conservation

endangered species


energy

nuclear energy

solar energy

exhaust fumes

fertilizers

forest fires

global warming

greenhouse effect

(non)-renewable resources

nuclear

nuclear fallout

nuclear reactor

oil-slick

ozone layer

pesticide

pollution

protected animal

rain forest

unleaded petrol

waste

nuclear waste

radio-active waste

wildlife

Environment - Natural Disasters

drought

earthquake


flood

tidal wave

typhoon

volcanic eruption

Environment - Politics

environmental group

green issues

pressure group

Environment - Verbs

cut down

destroy

dispose (of)

dump

protect

pollute

recycle

save

throw away

use up

Complete the following ideas with words from the list above. The last ________________ killed all the crops. _______________ is killing my garden. Air spray is one kind of __________________. Don´t ______________ garbage on the ground! A lot of material can be __________________. In order not to _____________, tune up your cat. People _______________ a lot of styrofoam cups every day.


There was a terrible ______________ and many animals drowned. Pollution comes from _______________ fossil fuesl. Some farmers _______________ complete forest to cultivate. _______________ destroyed half the city.

Future Perfect Fill in the verbs in brackets in the Future Perfect. Example: He ______________ the suitcase by tomorrow. (to pack) Answer: He will have packed the suitcase by tomorrow.

1) Anne ________________ her bike next week. (to repair) 2) We _________________ the washing by 8 o'clock. (to do) 3) She ________________ Paris by the end of next year. (to visit) 4) I _________________ this by 6 o'clock. (to finish) 5) Sam ______________by next week. (to leave) 6) She ___________________this with her mother tonight. (to discuss) 7) The police ___________________ the driver. (to arrest) 8) They _______________ their essay by tomorrow. (to write) 9) Paolo _______________ the teams. (to manage) 10) If we can do that - then we ________________our mission. (to fulfil) Future continuous and future perfect Complete the following statements using future continuous or future perfect. 1. Don't phone me between 7 and 8. We will be having dinner then. (have) 2. Phone me after 8 o'clock. We will have finished dinner by then. (finish) 3. This time tomorrow, ___________ on a beach in Majorca. (sunbathe) 4. Wake me up by nine o'clock - I _________ long enough by then. (sleep) 5. Look, I can give you a lift to the station –I _________that way anyway. (drive)? 6. It's strange that when we get to Sydney, we __________half way round the world. (fly) 7. Tomorrow afternoon we're going to play tennis from 3 o'clock until 4.30. So at 4 o'clock, we ___________ tennis. (play)

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/future_perfect.htm


8. Do you think you ____________ the same job in ten years' time? (still/do) 9. By the time you get home I ____________the house from top to bottom. (clean) 10. Tom is on holiday and he is spending his money very quickly. If he continues like this, he ____________ all his money before the end of his holiday. (spend)

Forming Comparative and Superlative Adjectives One-syllable adjectives.

Form the comparative and superlative forms of a one-syllable adjective by adding –er for the comparative form and –est for the superlative.

One-Syllable Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form tall taller tallest old older oldest long longer longest

• Mary is taller than Max. • Mary is the tallest of all the students. • Max is older than John. • Of the three students, Max is the oldest. • My hair is longer than your hair. • Max's story is the longest story I've ever heard.

If the one-syllable adjective ends with an e, just add –r for the comparative form and –st for the superlative form.

One-Syllable Adjective with Final -e Comparative Form Superlative Form large larger largest wise wiser wisest

• Mary's car is larger than Max's car. • Mary's house is the tallest of all the houses on the block. • Max is wiser than his brother. • Max is the wisest person I know.


If the one-syllable adjective ends with a single consonant with a vowel before it, double the consonant and add –er for the comparative form; and double the consonant and add –est for the superlative form.

One-Syllable Adjective Ending with a Single Consonant with a Single Vowel before It

Comparative Form

Superlative Form

big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest fat fatter fattest

• My dog is bigger than your dog. • My dog is the biggest of all the dogs in the neighborhood. • Max is thinner than John. • Of all the students in the class, Max is the thinnest. • My mother is fatter than your mother. • Mary is the fattest person I've ever seen.

Two-syllable adjectives.

With most two-syllable adjectives, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most.

Two-Syllable Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form peaceful more peaceful most peaceful pleasant more pleasant most pleasant careful more careful most careful thoughtful more thoughtful most thoughtful

• This morning is more peaceful than yesterday morning. • Max's house in the mountains is the most peaceful in the world. • Max is more careful than Mike. • Of all the taxi drivers, Jack is the most careful. • Jill is more thoughtful than your sister. • Mary is the most thoughtful person I've ever met.

If the two-syllable adjectives ends with –y, change the y to i and add –er for the comparative form. For the superlative form change the y to i and add –est.

Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -y Comparative Form Superlative Form happy happier happiest angry angrier angriest


Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -y Comparative Form Superlative Form busy busier busiest

• John is happier today than he was yesterday. • John is the happiest boy in the world. • Max is angrier than Mary. • Of all of John's victims, Max is the angriest. • Mary is busier than Max. • Mary is the busiest person I've ever met.

Two-syllable adjectives ending in –er, -le, or –ow take –er and –est to form the comparative and superlative forms.

Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -er, -le, or -ow

Comparative Form

Superlative Form

narrow narrower narrowest gentle gentler gentlest

• The roads in this town are narrower than the roads in the city. • This road is the narrowest of all the roads in California. • Big dogs are gentler than small dogs. • Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the gentlest.

Adjectives with three or more syllables.

For adjectives with three syllables or more, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most.

Adjective with Three or More Syllables Comparative Form Superlative Form generous more generous most generous important more important most important intelligent more intelligent most intelligent

• John is more generous than Jack. • John is the most generous of all the people I know. • Health is more important than money. • Of all the people I know, Max is the most important. • Women are more intelligent than men. • Mary is the most intelligent person I've ever met.

Exceptions.


Irregular adjectives.

Irregular Adjective Comparative Form Superlative Form good better best bad worse worst far farther farthest little less least many more most

• Italian food is better than American food. • My dog is the best dog in the world. • My mother's cooking is worse than your mother's cooking. • Of all the students in the class, Max is the worst.

Two-syllable adjectives that follow two rules. These adjectives can be used with -er and -est and with more and most.

Exercise on Comparison of Adjectives

Fill in the correct form of the words in brackets (comparative or superlative).

1. My house is (big) _____________than yours.

2. This flower is (beautiful) ____________ than that one.

3. This is the (interesting) _______________ book I have ever read.

4. Non-smokers usually live (long) ______________ thansmokers.

5. Which is the (dangerous) _______________ animal in the world?

6. A holiday by the sea is (good) ________________than a holiday in the mountains.

7. It is strange but often a coke is (expensive) ________________than a beer.

8. Who is the (rich) ________________ woman on earth?

9. The weather this summer is even (bad) _________________than last summer.

10. He was the (clever) __________________thief of all.

UNIDAD DE APRENDIZAJE: INGLÉS V PLAN 2008 · estilos directo e indirecto, los tiempos futuro...

Documents

Transcript of UNIDAD DE APRENDIZAJE: INGLÉS V PLAN 2008 · estilos directo e indirecto, los tiempos futuro...