ACTUALIDADES EN NEUROPROTECCIÓN
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Potential Future Neuroprotective Therapies for Neurodegenerative Disorders and Stroke Rawan Tarawneh, MD a,b , James E. Galvin, MD, MPH a,b,c,d, * The cellular mechanisms underlying neuronal loss and neurodegeneration have been an area of interest in the last decade. Although neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), Huntington disease (HD), and amyo- trophi c latera l sclero sis (ALS) each have specific pathologies , they all share common mechanisms such as protein agg regation, oxidative inju ry, neuroi nfla mmation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial injury that contribute to neuronal loss. Current research in these areas has focused on developing neuroprotective therapies that target each of these mechanisms. Stud ies fr om animal and cell models have gr eatl y expanded our kno wledge in thi s field and form the basis of cli nical tria ls of neu roprotective the rapies. Results have been variable; it is likely that no single therapy will be satisfactory, and that multiple agents working through different mechanisms or novel agents that target more than one disease mechanism may offer the best hope for a future neuroprotec- tive therapy. This review addresses several mechanisms of disease pathogenesis in This study was supported by grants P01 AG0399 1 and P50 AG05681 from the National Institute on Aging. a Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, 4488 Forest Park Avenue, Suite 130, St Louis, MO 63108, USA b Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63108, USA c Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63108, USA d Department of Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63108, USA * Corresponding author. Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, 4488 Forest Park Avenue, Suite 130, St Louis, MO 63108. E-mai l addres s: [email protected] (J.E. Galvin). KEYWORDS Parkinson disease Alzheimer disease Ischemic stroke Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Huntington disease Clin Geriatr Med 26 (2010) 125–147 doi:10.1016/j.cger.2009.12.003 geriatric.theclinics.com 0749-0690/10 /$ – see front matter ª 2010 Elsevier Inc. All right s reserved.
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