Post on 23-Aug-2020
x®ok fo|kihB layXu
MkWu ckWLdks Ñ"kh egkfo|ky;] lqydks.kkZ] xksok
’ksGhikyu
izfr % 500
laiknd % MkW- lqjs’k daqdGhdj
lg laiknd % MkW- jkds’k doGs
% MkW- Js;l tk/ko
ladyu % MkW- gjs’k vkxjs
MkW- g"kZy oMrdj
dq- dqy“w"k.k ikVhy
eq[ki``"B % MkW- gjs’k vkxjs
% MkW- jkds’k doGs
izdk'kd % MkWu ckWLdks Ñ"kh egkfo|ky;]
lqydks.kkZ] xksok
vuqØef.kdk
v-
Ø-
fo"k; i``"B
Ø-
1- ’ksGhikyukps egRo 1
2- ’ksGhph fuoM 3
3- ’ksGhikyu O;olk;klkBh tkxsph
fuoM
4
4- ’ksG;kapk xksBk 6
5- ’ksGhikyuklkBh ykx.kkjh lkeqxzh o
midj.ks
9
6- ’ksG;kaps vkjksX; vkf.k ylhdj.k 11
7- vkarj vkf.k ckg; ijthfoaps fu;a=.k 13
8- ’ksG;kaps o; vkf.k otu Bjfo.ks 15
9- djMkaps laxksiu 17
10- djMkalkBh iwjd vkgkj 20
11- 'ksGhP;k nq/kkps egRo 22
12- lqD;k pkÚ;kph ikS"Vhdrk ok<fo.ks 25
13- ewj?kkl 26
14- v>ksyk mRiknu 28
15- pkjfids vkf.k >kMikyk 30
16- gk;MªksiksfuDl pkjk mRiknu i)rh 33
17- ’ksGhikyu izdYi vgoky 37
1
1- ’ksGhikyukps egRo
Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk eq[;Ros ’ksrhoj voyacwu vkgs vkf.k
’ksrh fulxkZoj voyacwu vkgs- ,dw.k ’ksrdÚ;kaiSdh 70
VDds‘’ksrdjh gs ygku o vYiHkw/kkjd vkgsr-
tkxfrdhdj.kkeqGs ’ksrekykP;k cktkjHkkokoj tkxfrd
cktkjHkkokps ifj.kke fnlwu ;sr vkgsr- cnyR;k gokekukr
’ksrdÚ;kauk ’ksrhrwu [kk=h’khj mRiUukph geh ns.kkjh ’ksrh vFkok
’ksrhiwjd O;olk;kph xjt vkgs- i’kwO;olk;ke/;s ’ksGhikyu gk
O;olk; ’ksrdÚ;kl [kk=h’khj mRiUu feGowu nsÅ ’kdrks-
lu 2019 P;k Ik’kq/ku x.kusuqlkj Hkkjrkr 148-88 n’ky{k
’ksG;k gksR;k- R;kiSdh egkjk"Vªkr 10-60 n’ky{k ’ksG;k gksR;k-
njo"khZ 36 VDds ’ksG;kaph dRry gksr vlyh rjh] ’ksG;kaph
la[;k njo"khZ lk/kkj.ki.ks 3-5 VDD;kauh ok<r vkgs- Hkkjrkrhy
loZ izkarkae/;s vkiY;kyk ’ksG;k igko;kl feGrkr- izkeq[;kus gk
O;olk; dj.kkjs gs vYiHkw/kkjd vFkok Hkwehghu ’ksrdjh vlk;ps-
ijarq vkrk gk O;olk; deh izfr"Bspk jkghyk ulwu O;kolkf;d
rRokoj ’ksGhikyu dj.kkjs ’ksrdjh gk O;olk; eq[; O;olk;
Eg.kwu d: ykxys vkgsr-
’ksGhikyu gk Ik’kwikyukrhy lokZr deh tks[kehpk O;olk;
vkgs- ’ksGhikyukps Qk;ns [kkyhy eqn~~n;kao:u y{kkr ;srhy-
HkkaMoy xawro.kwd deh ykxrs-
’ksG;k dkVd vlY;kus cnyR;k vkf.k foijhr gokekuk’kh
twGowu ?ksrkr-
’ksG;kauk tkxk deh ykxrs- R;keqGs fuokÚ;kdjhrk deh [kpZ
;srks-
’ksGh gh ’ksrdÚ;kph cpr cWad vFkok ATM vkgs-
vko’;drk okVY;kl Rojhr dkgh ’ksG;k fodwu iSlk mHkk
dsyk tkÅ ’kdrks-
’ksG;k fuÑ"V izdkjP;k pkÚ;kps ekalkr vFkok nw/kkr :ikarj
djrkr-
2
’ksG;kaps nksu fi<hrhy varj deh vlrs] R;keqGs yodj
mRiknu feGrs-
xksekalkl canh vlY;kus ’ksGhP;k ekalkph ekx.kh tkLr vkgs-
’ksG;kaP;k f’kaxkiklwu vFkok [kwjkiklwu fMad;qDr inkFkZ
cuforkr-
u=] iksVW’k o QkWLQksjhd vkEy tkLr vlY;kus ’ksG;kaps
ysaMh[kr mRÑ"V vls uSlfxZd [kr vkgs-
loZ izk.;kaP;k nw/kkis{kk ’ksGhP;k nw/kkrhy fLuX/kka’kkps xksyd
¼Fat globules½ vkdkjkus ygku vlrkr Eg.kwu ’ksGhps nw/k
yodj o pkaxys iprs-
’ksG;kaps ekal toGtoG fLuX/kka’k fojghr vlrs-
’ksG;kaP;k ’kjhjkps loZ Hkkx mi;ksxkr vk.kys tkrkr- mnk-
VWyks ukokpk fLuX/kka’k lkc.kklkBh vkf.k Ik’kw[kk|k alkBh
okijrkr] gkMs HkqdVhlkBh] f’kax vkf.k [kqj gs gLrdyk o
fMad] ftyWVhu] jDrkrwu fgeksXykschu] vkrM;kaiklwu
’kL=fØ;suarj Vkds ?kky.;klkBh dWVZxV] ;Ñrkiklwu VkWfud]
dslkaiklwu cz’ksl bR;knh- fgeky;klkj[;k FkaM Hkkxkrhy
vaxksjk o xM~~Mh tkrhP;k ’ksG;k ^eksgsj* ¼ykac dqjGs
yksdjhlkj[ks dsl½ rj dkf’ejh ’ksG;k ^if’euk* ¼yksdjhis{kk
mRre /kkxk½ ;k dkj.kklkBh ikGY;k tkrkr-
Ekfgyk gk O;olk; lgt d: ’kdrkr-
’ksG;k gkrkG.;kl lksI;k vkf.k lqjf{kr vkgsr-
3
2- ’ksGhph fuoM
O;kolkf;d gsrwus ’ksGhikyu djrkuk iSnk’khlkBh
fuoMysY;k ek|k vkf.k uj egRokps vkgsr- loZlk/kkj.ki.ks
iSnk’khlkBh 25 ’ksG;kaP;k ikBhekxs 1 uj Bsokok- ’ksG;k laxksiu
dj.;kpk vkiyk eq[; mn~~ns’k dk; vkgs\ R;kuqlkj ’ksGhph
fuoM dj.ks egRokps vkgs- ,drj ’ksG;k nq/kklkBh ukghrj
eV.kklkBh ikGY;k tkrkr- lglk dksd.k iV~V¸kkrhy ’ksG;k g;k
eV.kklkBhp ikGY;k tkrkr- R;keqGs tUe.kkÚ;k djM;kaps otu
o R;kaP;k ok<hpk osx gs ?kVd mRiknukP;k n`"̀Vhus egRokps
vkgsr-
ekalksRiknuklkBh tkLr otukph djMs ns.kkjh rlsp tqGh
ns.;kps izek.k tkLr vl.kkjh ’ksGh fuoM.ks xjtsps vkgs- djMkauk
ok<hlkBh Hkjiwj nw/k] deh [kk|kr tkLr otu ok<hpk osx]
jksxizfrca/kd ’kDrh ;k xq.koSf’k"V;kapk fopkj djkok- O;olk;
lq: djrkuk ’ksG;kaph [kjsnh djkoh ykxrs- T;k fBdk.kps
O;oLFkkiu pkaxys vkgs- rlsp] T;k tkrhph ckg; xq.koSf’k"V;s
R;kp tkrhizek.ks vkgsr v’kk ’ksG;k fuoMkO;kr-
xq.koku ’ksGhph oSf’k"V;s%
1- ’ksGh etcwr cka/;kph] iw.kZ ok<ysyh] R;k tkrhps xq.k/keZ
vlysyh vlkoh-
2- ’ksGh :an] pkSdksuh cka/;kph vlkoh-
3- rh ’ksGh tqG;k fdaok frG;kaiSdh ,d vlkoh-
4- ik; ykac] ekFks Hkjnkj o etcwr vlkosr-
5- nksu lM vlkosr tksMwu frljs ygku lM ulkos- nksUgh lM
fueqGrs o ,dlkj[ks vlkosr-
6- dks.kR;kgh vo;okr oSxq.; ulkos-
7- dkl ykascrh ulkoh-
8- MksGs ik.khnkj] dkrMh pednkj vlkoh-
9- dVhP;k Hkkxkpk vkdkj eksBk vlkok-
10- f’kaxs ,dkp izdkjph o u nqHkaxysyh vlkohr-
11- ’ksGh ekjdh ulkoh vkf.k ekr`R̀okps xq.k vl.kkjh vlkoh-
4
3- ’ksGhikyu O;olk;klkBh tkxsph fuoM
vkiY;kyk vkiys ?kj cka/kko;kps vlY;kl tls vki.k loZ
xks"Vhapk fopkj djrks rlkp fopkj 'ksGhikyu O;olk;klkBh
tkxsph fuoM djrkuk djkok- ;klkBh iq<hy eqn~~n;kapk okij
d:u tkxsph fuoM djkoh-
tkxk gh eq[; okgrqdhP;k jLR;kiklwu ’kD;rks ¼1 rs 1-5
fdeh-½ nwj vlkoh- jLR;kiklwu toG vlY;kl /ouh vkf.k
ok;w iznw"k.kkpk =kl rlsp pksjhph ’kD;rk vkf.k jLR;kus
tk.kkÚ;k vktkjh tukojkaiklwu jksxtarwapk izknqHkkZo gksÅ
’kdrks- rFkkfi v’kh tkxk ekdsZViklwu ykac ulkoh ts.ksd:u
okgrqdhpk [kpZ deh Ogkok- nok[kkuk toGp vlkok-
eksckbZy vFkok VsfyQksuph miyC/krk vlkoh- 24 rkl
fotsph lks; vlkoh- e’khujh nq:Lrhph nqdkus] vkS"k/k nqdku
rlsp cka/kdke lkfgR;] votkjs] ch&fc;k.ks rlsp [krs ;kaph
lgt miyC/krk vlkoh-
dks.kR;kgh O;olk;klkBh ik.kh gk vR;ar vko’;d ?kVd
vkgs- R;keqGs ik.;kph miyC/krk d’kh vkgs\ foghj vFkok
cksvjosy [kksnY;kl fdrh QqVkoj ik.kh ykxsy ;kph
’kgkfu’kk djkoh- ’ksrkojhy fidkalkBh rlsp ’ksG;kalkBh 24
rkl ik.;kph miyC/krk vlkoh-
foLrkjkl oko vl.kkjh] ijarq jLR;kP;k ,dk cktwl lyx
vlkoh-
vkS|ksfxd olkgrh vFkok nwf"kr gok o ik.kh ;kiklwu nwj
vlkoh-
;k Hkkxkr >kMh&>qMis fdrir vkgsr- Mksaxj okÚ;kph fn’kk
o osx ;kaph ekfgrh ?;koh- R;keqGs xksB;kaps NIij] fHkarh]
m?kMh tkxk fdrh o dls vlko;kl gos gs Bjfork ;sbZy-
Ekkyd vFkok O;oLFkkid ;kaps fuoklLFkku toGp vlkos-
etqjkaph vko’;drsuqlkj lgt miyC/krk] rlsp LoLr etwj
miyC/k vlkosr- lglk R;kaph O;oLFkk toGp vlkoh-
5
xksB;kph tkxk fcufidkph] mapkoj] ik.;kpk lgt fupjk
gks.kkjh] ewjekM vlkoh- MksaxjktoGph mrkjkph tkxk
vlY;kl ik.kh lgt okgwu tkbZy-
mrkjkP;k [kkyP;k cktwl fofo/k pkjkfidkaph mRre vkf.k
exnwjkph tfeu vlkoh- o"kZHkj fgjok pkjk miyC/k djrk
;sbZy vls fu;kstu vlkos-
Hkjiwj izdk’k ;sbZZy o osxoku okÚ;kiklwu (Wind brecker)
vVdko djrk ;sbZy v’kh lHkksorkyph >kMh vlkoh-
R;keqGs ’ksG;kauk uSlfxZd lkoyh feGsy-
6
4- ’ksG;kapk xksBk
’ksGh gk dkVd izk.kh vlyk rjh Åu] ikÅl] FkaMh
vkf.k pksjhiklwu laj{k.k Ogkos ;kdjhrk xksB;kph vko’;drk
vkgs- rlsp ’ksG;kaph R;kaP;k o;kuqlkj] fyaxkuqlkj vkf.k R;kaP;k
voLFksuqlkj xVokjh djrk ;koh vkf.k O;oLFkkiu lqyHk Ogkos
;klkBh xksB;kph vko’;drk vkgs- okLrfod ikgrk gk O;olk;
lq: djrkuk xksB;krhy [kpZ fdrh vlkok gs vki.k Bjokos-
xksBk cka/kk;pk ewG mn~~ns’k /;kukr vlkok vFkok lq:okrhpk
[kpZ tkLr >kY;kl O;olk; Qk;|kr ;k;yk cjhp o"ksZ
ykxrhy- xksBk cka/k.kh dj.;kiwohZ iq<hy ckch y{kkr ?;kO;kr-
vkiY;kdMs fdrh ’ksG;k Bsoko;kP;k] foLrkj dsY;kl
vk.k[kh fdrh ’ksG;k ekorhy gs iDds djkos-
’ksGhikyu pjkÅ] va’kr% cafnLr vFkok iw.kZ cafnLr ;kiSdh
dks.kR;k i)rhus dj.kkj gs Bjokos-
xksB;kr iqjslk lq;Zizdk’k ;sbZy] gok [ksGrh jkghy rlsp]
ikolkph >M vkr ;s.kkj ukgh v’kh O;oLFkk vlkoh-
xksB;kojpk [kpZ deh djko;kpk vlY;kus LFkkfud LoLr
feG.kkÚ;k lkfgR;kpk cka/kdkekr okij djkok- rFkkfi] lnj
xksBs cjhp o"ksZ fVd.kkjs vlkosr-
ekyd vFkok O;oLFkkidkP;k fuokÚ;kiklwu fnlsy ,o<;k
varjkoj xksBk vlkok-
fHkarh o tfeu ;ke/;s vksykok jkg.kkj ukgh o xksBk /kqrysys
ik.kh pkjkfidkr tkbZy] v’kh O;oLFkk vlkoh-
xksB;kps cka/kdke vFkok ikVhZ’ku ¼dIis½ vls vlkos dh]
’ksG;kauk t[kek gks.kkj ukghr- f[kGs] pqdk vFkok tkGh
QkVysyh ulkoh-
’kD;rks ’ksG;kaP;k laidkZr yks[kaMh oLrw ;s.kkj ukgh ;kph
dkGth ?;koh- ;klkBh ikVhZ’ku gs ykdMkps vlkos- rlsp
[kk| o ik.;kph HkkaMh IyWfLVdph vlkohr-
7
xksB;kph vk[k.kh djrkuk [kkyhy ckch lekfo"V vlkO;kr-
1- eq[; xksBk& ;ke/;s osxosxGs dIis d:u ’ksG;kaP;k
xVokjhuqlkj Eg.ktsp nqHkR;k] HkkdM] xkHk.k] O;k;ysY;k]
FkkurwV >kysyh rhu efgU;kaojhy fiYys] lgk efgU;kaojhy
uj o eknh djMs ;kaph O;oLFkk vlkoh-
2- iSnklhps cksdM FkksM;k varjkoj Bsokosr-
3- vktkjh ’ksG;kalkBh osxGh O;oLFkk vlkoh-
4- vko’;d [kqjkd] pkjk lkBfo.;klkBh xksnke-
5- ewj?kklkph O;oLFkk vlkoh-
6- ysaMh[krkps [kM~~Ms-
7- HkkaMkj
8- dk;kZy;
9- ekyd] deZpkjh vkf.k fuoklLFkkus
10- ’ksG;kaph p< mrkj dj.;klkBh /kDdk
11- ck;ksxWl ;qfuV
xksB;kps Nr gs Qkj [kfpZd ulkos- ijarq gs etcwr o
laj{kd vlkos- xor vFkok isaM;kiklwu lkdkjysys NIij dsY;kl
vkxhiklwu lqjf{kr o ikolkG;kr xG.kkjs ulkos-
dksd.kklkj[;k tkLr ikolkP;k neV gokekukP;k izns’kkr
epk.k ¼iV~~V;kaps QykV½ r;kj d:u R;koj ’ksG;k Bsorkr- gh
epk.k tfeuhiklwu 1 eh- map vlkoh- tfeuhr [kkac iq:u
R;koj vkMos [kkac Vkdwu R;koj 5 ls-eh- :an o 2-5 ls-eh-
tkM ckacwP;k@ykdMkP;k ¼vkdsf’k;k½@iksQGhP;k iV~~V;k Bksdwu
epk.k r;kj dsyh tkrs- nksu iV~~V;kae/kwu ysaMh [kkyh iMsy ,o<s
varj Bsokos- epk.kh [kkyhy tkxsyk mrkj vlkok ts.ksd:u eq=
lkBwu u jkgrk xVkjkr tkbZy- xksB;ke/;s ’ksG;kauk [kkyhyizek.ks
tkxk ykxrs-
eksB;k ’ksG;k % 1-25 rs 1-5 pkS-eh-
xkHk.k ’ksG;k % 2-00 pkS-eh-
cksdM % 2-00 rs 2-5 pkS-eh-
2 efgU;kai;Zarph djMs % 0-5 rs 0-6 pkS-eh-
8
3 rs 6 efgU;kai;Zarph djMs % 0-7 rs 0-9 pkS-eh-
6 rs 12 efgU;kai;Zarph djMs % 1-00 pkS-eh-
;k O;frfjDr eksdGs fQj.;klkBh ¼isMkWd½ xksB;kP;k ckgsj
osxG;k xVkizek.ks rkjsP;k daqi.kkus canhLr vlysyh tkxk vlkoh-
gh tkxk loZlk/kkj.ki.ks xksB;kP;k fnMiV vlkoh- R;koj Nr
vl.;kph xjt ukgh- eksdGh tkxk ¼isMkWd½ gh ’ksG;kauk
vko’;drsuqlkj Åu o LoPN gok ?ksrk ;koh ;klkBh vlkoh-
’ksMph ykach iwoZ&if’pe vlkoh- iwoZ&if’pe cktwdMhy fHkarh
iw.kZ Nrki;Zar iw.kZ cka/kwu ?;kO;kr- rj nf{k.k&mRrjsdMhy cktw
epk.khi;Zar cka/kwu ?;kO;kr- ojhy Hkkxkr Nrki;Zar iksgkspsy v’kh
pSufyad fdaok tkGh ekjkoh-
9
5- ’ksGhikyuklkBh ykx.kkjh lkeqxzh o midj.ks
i'kqoS|dh; vkS"k/kksipkjklkBh [kkyhy lkeqxzh vFkok
vkS"k/ks vlkohr-
lkeqxzh& LVhyph dk=h] LVhypk fpeVk] FkekZehVj] dkiwl
¼Medical cotton½] cWaMstiV~~Vh] Vªs] vkS"k/ks ikt.;klkBh
fueqGR;k rksaMkph ckVyh] flfjat o batsD’kuP;k lq;k ¼16 rs
20 ua-½] lykbZu lsV] lkc.k] bR;knh-
nzo vkS"k/ks& fVaDpj] vk;ksfMu] csU>hu] cs>kWbZy] fXyljhu]
ViZsaVkbZu] gk;Mªkstu isjkWDlkbZM] bR;knh-
ikoMj& cksfjd ikoMj] [kk.;kpk lksMk] iksVWf’kve ijeWaXusV
eye& fgeWDl@ lksQzkek;lhu@ fgyksQkLV] bR;knh-
vk;qosZnhd ikoMj& usCykWu] fjIykaVk] dWQykWu] bR;knh-
fVEikWy& fgeky;ku cRrhlk] fVEikyj] Mk;tsykj
tarquk’kds& vYcksekj] iWukdqj] fMoeZ lk;ji] cWufeUFk
fdVduk’kds& C;qVkWDl] isLVksysu] lk;ijesFkzhu
dklslkBh& isUMhLVªhu ,l- ,p- eLVyhu ;w
MksGs@dkuklkBh& lksQzkek;lhu] tsUVkek;lhu MªkWIl
izfrtSfods*& Vsjkek;lhu] Mk;fØLVhflu] Vsjkek;lhu ,y-
,-
batsD’kus& ,Oghy] yksOgkythu] vWVªksihu] >kschM] MsD>ksuk]
vkWVkslhu
*;k vkS"k/kkauk Bjkfod eqnrhuarj okijrk ;sr ukgh-
;k O;frfjDr ’ksG;kaP;k nSuafnu O;oLFkkiuslkBh iq<hy lkeqxzh
vko’;d vkgs-
VWVw ef’ku ¼jaxhr ’kkbZ] dkVsjh ekdZ½& vksG[kfpUg
ns.;klkBh-
bysfDVªd Mh gkWuZj fdaok dkWLVhd iksVW’k & f’kax dG;k
tkG.;klkBh-
10
otudkVk& ’ksG;kaPks [kk|] brj oLrwaph o ’ksG;kaPkh otus
dj.;klkBh-
cMhZ>ks dWLVªsVj& ujkaph ulcanh dj.;klkBh-
gkrxkMh& ysaMh] [kk| okgrqdhlkBh-
11
6- ’ksG;kaps vkjksX; vkf.k ylhdj.k
tUer% djMs fujksxh vlrkr- rFkkfi ok<R;k o;kcjkscj
vktkjh ’ksG;kaP;k laidkZr ;sÅu fujksxh djMkae/;s jksxtarawpk
izos’k gksrks vkf.k djMa jksxkyk cGh iMrkr- ’ksG;kaP;k cÚ;kp’kk
jksxkaph y{k.ka lkj[khp vlY;keqGs jksxkps vpwd funku gksr ukgh-
vktkjh ’ksG;k jksx >kY;koj vkS"k/kksipkjkyk izfrlkn nsr ukghr-
R;keqGs jksx >kY;koj vkS"k/kksipkj dj.;kis{kk jksx o Ñehapk
izknqHkkZo gks.kkj ukgh ;kph dkGth ?;koh-
vktkjh ’ksGhph y{k.ks
gkypky o Hkwd eankors-
dGikrwu osxGs jkgrkr-
joaFk djr ukghr- eqLdVa dksjMs jkgrs-
dkrMkojhy dsl rkB mHks jkgrkr- dslkaph rdkdh deh gksrs-
MksGs fuLrst] [kksy o vkr xsY;klkj[ks fnlrkr-
n"̀Vh fopyhr gksr ukgh- ,dkp oLrwdMs Vd ykowu ikgrkr-
MksG;kaP;k dksiÚ;krwu ik.kh o ?kk.k ckgsj iMrs-
y?kohpk jax xMn gksowu mxz okl ;srks-
’kjhj fØ;kaP;k izek.kdke/;s cny fnlwu ;srkr-
fujksxh ’ksG;kaP;k ’kjhjfØ;kaph izek.kds [kkyhyizek.ks
Rkkieku & 38-0 rs 40-5 va’k lsfYlvl
ukMhps Bksds & 70 rs 80 izfr feuhV
’oklksPNokl & 10 rs 15 izfr feuhV
jksxizfrca/kd mik;
jksxkph izkFkfed y{k.ks nk[kfo.kkÚ;k ’ksG;k dGikrwu osxG;k
d:u R;kaps loZ O;oLFkkiu osxG;k fBdk.kh djkos-
T;k Hkkxkr jksxkpk izlkj >kyk vlsy rsFkwu ’ksG;kalkBh
[kk|] pkjk] ik.kh vk.kw u;s-
izos'k}kjktoGhy ik;/kq.khe/;s tarquk’kd nzko.k Vkdkos-
12
uohu [kjsnh dsysY;k ’ksG;k dehr deh ia/kjk fnol eq[;
dGikiklwu nwj BsokO;kr- iz{ks=kojhy o vkliklP;k loZ
’ksG;kauk Bjkfod gaxkekr yl Vkspwu ?;koh- ylhdj.k dk;ZØe
iq<hyizek.ks djkok-
efguk jksx yl ek=k
izR;sd o"khZ
,fizy&es vka=fo"kkj bVhOgh
1 rs 2-5 fe-yh-
nksu ek=k & 15
fnolkaP;k varjkus
izR;sd o"khZ
Qscqzokjh&
ekpZ
?kVliZ ,p-,l- OgWDlhu 2-5 fe-yh-
Qk’kh
vWUFkzDl Liksvj
OgWDlhu
¼izknqHkkZfor
HkkxklkBh½
1 fe-yh-
QÚ;k chD;w OgWDlhu 2-5 fe-yh-
izR;sd o"khZ
lIVascj rs
vkWDVkscj
ykG;k&
[kqjdwr
,Q,eMh
ikWyhOgWyaV
OgWDlhu
1 rs 2 fe-yh-
xkHk.k
’ksG;kauk
¼fo.;kiwohZ
1 efguk½
/kuqokZr
yl fVVWul VkWDlkbZM 1 rs 2 fe-yh-
nj 3
o"kkZrwu
,dnk
laklfxZl
vka=laLFkk
nkg
ih- ih- vkj- 1 fe-yh-
13
7- vkarj vkf.k ckg; ijthfoaps fu;a=.k
1- tarwfuewZyu
'ksG;kaP;k iksVkr ¼vkrM;kr½ vl.kkÚ;k ÑehaeqGs ¼tar½
'ksG;kaph izfrdkj{kerk deh gksÅu jDr deh >kY;keqGs
'ksG;kaph ejrwd gksÅ 'kdrs- ;klkBh 'ksG;kaP;k ysaMhaph rikl.kh
d:u ?;koh- 'ksG;k ,dkp Hkkxkr pjko;kl usÅ u;sr-
pj.;kph fBdk.ks vkB&ngk fnolkauh cnykohr- R;keqGs Ñehaps
thoupØ iw.kZ gks.kkj ukgh- taruk’kds iktrkuk i'kqqoS|dkpk
lYyk ?;kok- dkj.k] dkgh fof’k"V vkS"k/ks] fof’k"V izdkjP;k
tarkaojp izHkkoh vlrkr- izekf.kr ek=sr fnY;klp fØ;k’khyrk
n’kZforkr- ,d rs fnM efgU;kaP;k fiYykl taruk’kd ikt.;kph
vko’;drk ulrs- taruk’kds [kkyhyizek.ks |kohr-
1 djMw fnM efgU;kps
>kY;kuarj
vycsaMk>kWyps dks.krsgh vkS"k/k mnk-
Ogycs>kWu 150 fe- xzWe ph v/khZ
xksGh
2 djMw 3 efgU;kps
>kY;kuarj
iWukdwj@ D;qjkfeUFk 150 fe- xzWe
v/khZ xksGh iV~~VÑehapk izknqHkkZo
vlY;kl i'kqoS|dkaP;k lYY;kuqlkj
fuDysDl ¼fuDykslkekbZM½ v/khZ
xksGh
3 djMw 6 efgU;kps
>kY;kuarj
cWufeaFk 118 fe-xzW- ph 1 xksGh
4 brj ÑehalkBh
¼vko’;drsuqlkj½
cWufeaFk iWukdqj 1 xksGh
2- xksphMkaiklwu laj{k.k
xksphM dkrMhyk fpdVwu jDr 'kks"kwu ?ksrkr- ,d
xksphM vkB fnolkr v/kkZ rs 1 fe-yh- jDr 'kks"krs- jDr 'kks"k.k
dsY;kus vWfufe;k gksrks- dkrMhoj vWythZ ;srs- xksphM dkukP;k
ikG;k] vkrhy Hkkx] 'ksiVh o dklsP;k cktwus ekusoj fnlwu
14
;srkr- xksphMkaph vaMh tfeuhoj] xksB;krhy Hksxk] fHkarhoj]
epk.kkrhy nksu iV~V;kaP;k tkxse/;s vk<Gwu ;srkr- ;kp fBdk.kh
R;kaph vaMh tkGwu Vkdkohr- xksphM fu;a=.kklkBh osxosxG;k
i)rhapk okij djrkr-
1- jklk;fud i)rh& fdVduk’kdkapk okij djrkuk rKkaP;k
f’kQkj’kh /;kukr ?;kO;kr- mnk- C;qVkWDlph Qokj.kh
2- HkkSfrd i)rh& xksB;krhy xksphMkaph vaMh@ xksphMkauk
tkG.ks] dqjk.kkrhy xksphMkaps fu;a=.k] gkrkP;k lgk¸;kus
xksphMkapk uk’k dj.ks-
3- tSfod i)rh& ouLirhtU; fdVduk’kdkapk okij rlsp
,df=r xksphM O;oLFkkius}kjs xksphMkaoj fu;a=.k Bsork ;srs-
dqj.kkae/;s 'ksG;kauk QsjikyV i)rhus pjokos- dqj.kkph
pkj rs ikp iV~~V;kae/;s foHkkx.kh d:u ifgY;k iV~~V;krhy
xorkoj dkgh fnol pjfoY;kuarj] nqlÚ;k uarj frlÚ;k
iV~~V;kae/;s pjokos- pjoysY;k iV~~V;koj ijr pjko;kl usÅ u;s-
;k}kjs dqjk.kkoj iMysY;k xksphMkauh fnysyh vaMh ykOghZ voLFksr
fodlhr gksrkr- ijarq R;kauk jDr 'kks"k.;klkBh ;teku u
feGkY;kus rs ej.k ikorkr-
15
8- 'ksG;kaps o; vkf.k otu Bjfo.ks
'ksrdÚ;kadMs loZ izdkjP;k uksanh vlrkrp vls ukgh-
djMkaP;k tUekiklwu otu o R;kaph tUerkjh[k ;kaP;k uksanh
vlY;kl R;ko:u iq<hy O;oLFkkiu d:u ;ksX; O;oLFkkiu
djrk ;srs- rFkkfi] v’kk uksanh ulY;kl 'ksG;kaP;k nkrko:u o;
dk<rk ;srs- vkiY;kyk gs ekfgr vlko;kl gos dh] 'ksG;kauk
QDr [kkyP;k tcM;kr nkr vlrkr- ojP;k tcM;kr nkrkP;k
fBdk.kh dfB.k vls MsaVy iWM vlrs-
v-Ø- nkrkpk izdkj mxoysys nkr o;
1 ygku dksoGs ¼nw/kkps
nkr½
3 tksM;k ifgyk vkBoMk
2 dk;eps nkr ifgyh tksMh lOok rs fnM
o"ksZ
3 nqljh tksMh fnM rs nksu o"ksZ
4 frljh tksMh nksu rs vMhp
o"ksZ
5 pkSFkh tksMh vMhp rs rhu
o"ksZ
vkiY;kdMs otudkVk ulY;kl [kkyhy lw=kP;k vk/kkjs
vki.k ’ksGhps vankts out dk<w 'kdrks-‘
¼Nkrhpk ?ksj½2 x ykach
’ksGhps otu ¼fd-xzW-½+ ¾
660
Nkrhpk ?ksj o ykach gh ekis bapke/;s ?;kohr- mnk- Nkrhpk
?ksj 16-5 bap o ykach- 14-00 bap vlY;l iq<hy lq=kizek.ks
otu dk<kos-
¼16-5½2 x 14-00 ’ksGhps otu ¼fd-xzW-½+ ¾
660
16
16-5 x 16-5 x 14-00 ’ksGhps otu ¼fd-xzW-½+ ¾
660
¾ 5-775 fd-xzW-
Eg.ktsp ’ksGhps otu 5-775 fd-xzW-
Nkrhpk ?ksj iq<hy nksu ik;kaP;k ikBhekxs ?;kok] rj ykach
MksD;kiklwu 'ksiVhi;Zar u ?ksrk] [kka|kP;k iq<hy Vksdkiklwu
¼iq<P;k ik;kP;k½ xqn}kjkP;k cktwl gkMkP;k Vksdki;Zar ¼pin
bone½ ?;koh- ekstekiklkBh Vsyjph Vsi okijkoh-
17
9- djMkaps laxksiu
'ksGh fo.;kiwohZ lnjph tkxk LoPN dsysyh vlkoh-
lqds xor fdaok isa<k vaFkjysyk vlkok- djMkpk tUe >kY;koj
'ksGh R;kl pkVr-s R;kp osGh djMkP;k ukdkrksaMkrhy vkoj.k
gkrkus dk<kos- djMw 'oklksPNokl djhr vlY;kph [kk=h djkoh-
djMw mHks jkg.;kpk iz;Ru djrs- djMkph ukG csachiklwu 3 rs 5
lsaeh varjkoj futZarwd CysM vFkok dSphus dkiwu VksdkdMhy Hkkx
nksÚ;kus cka/kkok- gk nksjk vkf.k ukGsps Vksd vk;ksMhue/;s cqMokos-
mHks jkfgY;kuarj djMw nw/k fi.;kpk iz;Ru djrs- R;kyk nw/k fi.ks
ter ulY;kl lM rksaMkr nsÅu R;kl enr djkoh- dkgh osGsyk
'ksGh djMkl nw/k nsrkuk ,dkp fBdk.kh mHkh jkgr ukgh fdaok
djMkl ykFk ekjrs- v’kkosGh 'ksGhps ik; idMwu Bsokosr-
djMkapk lq:okrhpk fpd ¼colostrum½ [kwi egRokpk vkgs-
fpd Eg.kts fulxkZus uotkr vHkZdklkBh r;kj dsysyh lathouh
vkgs- djMkl fpd iksVHkj iktkok] Eg.ktsp djMw tkLrhr tkLr
tso<k fiÅ 'kdsy rso<k- tqykc >kys rjh dkGth d: u;s-
R;keqGs djMkP;k iksVkrhy eG ¼muconium½ iMwu tkrks-
lq:okrhyk vkBoM;kr djMkauk R;kaP;k ekrscjkscjp jkgw |kos-
R;keqGs djMs eulksDr nw/k firhy vkf.k ekrsph o R;kaph vksG[k
pkaxyh gksbZy- djMkaP;k vkgkjkr fpdkps vuU;lk/kkj.k egRo
vkgs- cÚ;kp osGsyk okj iM.;kph okV ikfgyh tkrs o R;kuarj
djMkaauk fpd fnyk tkrks- ijarq vls u djrk djMkauk
tUeY;kuarj v/;kZ rklkP;k vkr fpd iktkok-
1- djMkauk nw/kkrwu ifjiw.kZ vkgkj feGrks-
2- djMkauk ;k nw/kkrwu jksxizfrdkjd 'kDrh feGrs-
3- djMkaph ipulaLFkk fpdkrhy ¼fpdk½ ?kVd 'kks"k.;klkBh
QDr 72 rklp l{ke vlrs-
4- djMkauk yodj nw/k iktY;kus dklsojpk rk.k deh gksrks-
fgokG;kr vFkok ikolkG;kr djMkaP;k dII;kr iqjs’kh mc
vlkoh- R;klkBh gok ;s.;kps ekxZ >kdkosr o dII;kar cYo
fdaok fgVj ykokok- tfeuhoj isa<k vaFkjkok vkf.k gk isa<k njjkst
18
cnykok- djMw 8 rs 10 fnolkps >kY;koj ekrsiklwu osxGs
djkos- ,d efgU;kai;Zarph djMs brj djMkaiklwu osxGh Bsokohr-
djMkyk R;kP;k otukP;k 10 rs 15% nw/k fnolHkjkr iktkos-
R;klkBh ldkG&la/;kdkG djMw ekrstoG U;kos- djMw 7 rs 8
vkBoM;kps >kY;koj Eg.ktsp 6 rs 7 fdyks otukps >kY;koj
nw/k deh djr tkÅu dkgh fnol QDr ,d osG iktkos o 15
rs 20 fdyks otu gksrkuk iw.kZ Fkk;rwV djkos- djMkauk [kkrhy
rso<k >kMikyk vFkok xor p?kG.;klkBh Vkdkos-
djMw 5 fdyks otukps >kY;koj fgjO;k pkÚ;kP;k tksMhyk
lwdk pkjk ns.;kl lq:okr djkoh- djMkaph ;ksX; vkgkjkvHkkoh
ok< [kaqVrs] laxksiu [kpZ ok<rks- djMkaP;k [kk|kr ¼ckyvkgkj&
kid starter½ 20 rs 25% izfFkus] 4 rs 6% fLuX/k inkFkZ] 1
rs 4% rarwe; inkFkZ] 50 rs 60% fi"Ve; inkFkZ] 2 rs 3%
[kfut feJ.k o ipuh; inkFkZ 70 rs 80% vlkosr-
Ñf=e fpd iq<hy i)rhus r;kj djrk ;sbZy- rkts dkseV
nw/k 50 feyh] ,dk vaM;krhy QDr fioGk cyd] 2 peps
dkWM@’kkdZ fyOgj vkWbZy ¼v thoulRo lkBh½] 1 pepk ,jaMsy
rsy ¼lkjd Eg.kwu½] 1 pepk pqU;kph fuoGh] 1 pepk izfrtSod
¼Vsjkek;lhu@vksjhek;lhu½] 1 pepk [kfut feJ.k gs loZ ?kVd
200 feyh LoPN futZarwd dkseV ik.;kr felGwu 10 rs 15%
iktkos-
[kfut {kkjkaP;k foVk djMkaP;k dII;kar Vkaxwu BsokO;kr-
ldkGP;k dksoG;k mUgkr nksu rs rhu rkl loZ djMkauk Bsokos-
djMkaph ekrk esysyh vlY;kl R;kyk brj 'ksGhyk yqpokos
ykxrs- rFkkfi v’kh nkbZ 'ksGh ulY;kl eqykauk iktrks v’kk
i)rhus ¼nw/kkP;k ckVyhus½ nw/k iktrk ;srs- gh ckVyh jcjh
cqpklghr izR;sdosGh mdGR;k ik.;kr /kqowu ?;koh-
djMkaps lq:okrhP;k nksu efgU;kr e`R̀;wps dkj.k lglk
vka=nkg ¼Enteritis½ vkf.k R;keqGs ykx.kkjh gxo.k o
Qq¶Qqlnkg ¼Pnemonia½ vlw ’kdrs- vka=nkg gk xksyÑeh]
iV~~VÑeh] dkWDlhMhvkWlhl b- eqGs gksrks- djMs ikolkr fHktY;kus
19
vksylj tkxk] [kwi FkaMh fdaok xksB;kr xnhZ >kY;keqGs
Qq¶Qqlnkg gksrks-
nqlÚ;k efgU;kr xksyÑehalkBh taruk’kdkph ek=k |koh-
fgjok pkjk [kkÚ;koj ca/ku vlkos- frlÚ;k efgU;kr
iV~~VÑehalkBh taruk’kd |kos-
fuoMd uj djMs iztkuuklkBh BsÅu moZjhr uj djMkaps
[kPphdj.k djkos- djMs lk/kkj.k rhu efgU;kaph >kY;koj ^CMhZ>ks*
[kPphdj.k fpeV;kus [kPphdj.k djkos- [kPphdj.kkuarj ok<
osxkr gksrs- rhu efgU;kauarj uj o eknh djMs Lora= dII;kar
Bsokohr-
20
10- djMkalkBh iwjd vkgkj
'ksGhikyu O;olk;krwu vf/kd Qk;nk feGo.;klkBh
djMkaP;k tksjnkj ok<hlkBh iqjd vkgkjkph vko’;drk vkgs-
R;klkBh tUetkr djMkalkBh ifgY;k vkBoM;kr 'ksGhdMwu
feG.kkÚ;k ifgY;k nw/kkiklwu fpd iq<s fdeku 3 vkBoMs 'ksGhps
nw/k ;ksX; izek.kkr feG.ks vko’;d vkgs- R;kuarjP;k 6
efgU;ki;ZarP;k dkGkr djMkaph ok< osxkus gksr vlrs- R;klkBh
mtkZ] izfFkus] dWfY’kve] QkWLQjl ;klkj[kh [kfuts vkf.k
thoulRos ;kapk iqjoBk R;kaP;k xjtsizek.ks R;kaP;k iwjd vkgkjkrwu
dj.ks vko’;d vkgs- R;kdjhrk djMkauk fnolkrwu fdeku nksu
osGk [kk| ns.;klkBh r;kj dsysY;k fof’k"V xOgk.kh ¼fØe½ e/;s
iwjd [kk| ¼fØi QhM½ |kos- ;k iwjd vkgkjke/;s f}ny oxhZ;
yqlyq’khr fgjok pkjk] edk HkjMk] lks;kfcu fdaok rwj pw.kh
v’kk izdkjP;k [kk|kpk varHkkZo djkok- fgokG;kr djMkauk
ldkGP;k osGsr dkseV ik.kh rj mUgkG;kr nqikjP;k osGsyk
Hkjiwj LoPN FkaM ik.kh fidklkBh miyC/k djkos- poGh] HkqbZeq[k
v’kk lkj[;k f}ny lqD;k dkMkpk iqjoBk djkok- iwjd vkgkj
r;kj dj.;kps vkf.k iqjfo.;kps izek.kkps dks"Vd iq<hyizek.ks
vkgs-
ok<.kkÚ;k djMkalkBh iwjd vkgkj ¼kid starter½ cufo.;klkBh uequs ¼%½
v-Ø- vUu?kVd 1 2 3 4
1 HkjMysyk edk 60 40 50 30
2 vksV cyhZ & 20 & 30
3 HkqbZeqx isaM 20 20 12 10
4 eklGh 10 10 6 10
5 eGh & & & 10
6 xgw Hkqlk 7 7 15 7
7 rkanwG Hkqlk & & 15 &
8 [kfut feJ.k 2 2 2 2
9 ehB 1 1 & 1
21
izR;sd tkrhuqlkj iw.kZ ok<ysY;k 'ksGhps otu gs 25 rs 50
fd-xzW- ;k njE;ku vlw ’kdrs- tkrhuqlkj djMkps tUer%
otuke/;s Qkj rQkor vkgs- djMkph tyn ok< Ogkoh ;kdfjrk
vkf.k 'ksGhps nw/k euq";kl feG.;kdjhrk djMkauk larqfyr vlk
vkgkj 10 vkBoM;kai;Zar fnyk tkrks- R;kl iwjd vkgkj
Eg.krkr- ifgY;k vkBoM;kr djMa ekrsP;k nw/kkoj ikslY;kuarj
R;kauk ekrsiklwu osxGs d:u iqjd vkgkjkoj ikslkos- R;kauk
e;kZnhr nw/k fi.;kl |kos- ;kdfjrk nw/kkP;k ckVyhpk mi;ksx
djkok-
f}nyoxhZ; lqdoysyk pkjk] ik.kh vkf.k [kfut feJ.k
iwjd vkgkjkcjkscj |kos- iwjd vkgkjkrwu 12 rs 19% ipfu;
izfFkus 70 rs 78% ,dw.k ipuh; inkFkZ feGko;kl gosr-
ygku djMkalkBh nw/kkph xjt
'kjhjkps out
¼fdyks½
nw/k ¼xzWe@feyh-½ larqfyr
[kk|
fgjok
pkjk ldkG la/;kdkG
2-5 200 200 && &&
3 250 250 && &&
3-5 275 275 && &&
4-0 300 300 && &&
5-0 325 325 50 xjtsiqjrk
6-0 350 350 60 & &
7-0 300 300 70 & &
8-0 250 250 80 & &
9-0 250 250 90 & &
10-0 150 150 100 & &
15-0 50 50 150 & &
22
11- 'ksGhP;k nq/kkps egRo
'ksGhpk fopkj eV.kkcjkscjp nq/kklkBh djkok ykx.kkj
vkgs- dkj.k iwohZiklwu ygku eqykauk vkbZP;k nq/kkuarj 'ksGhP;k
nq/kkyk izk/kkU; fnys tkrs- 'ksGhP;k nq/kke/;s vusd mi;qDr ?kVd
vlwu izfrdkj{kerk ok<rs- ân;kps vktkj deh djrs( rlsp
otukoj fu;a=.k d:u iksVkps fodkj deh djk;yk 'ksGhps nw/k
mi;qDr vkgs- 'ksGhps nw/k izfØ;k djk;ykgh lksis vkgs- ;kpk
fopkj d:u tkxfrd ikrGhoj 'ksGhP;k nq/kkyk ekx.kh ok<r
vkgs-
vkt jkT;ke/;s QDr 2-77 yk[k Vu 'ksGhP;k nq/kkps
mRiknu gksrs gs ,dw.k nq/kkP;k QDr 4 VDds mRiknu vkgs-
txke/;s ,dw.k nw/k mRiknukiSdh QDr 2 VDds nw/k 'ksGhps vkgs-
Hkfo";kr 'ksGhP;k nq/kkyk fo’ks"k egRo izkIr gks.kkj vkgs-
'ksGhP;k nq/kkoj izfØ;k d:u fofo/k inkFkZ cufo.ks vkf.k R;kph
cktkjisB r;kj dj.;kpk ,d izokg lq: gksr vkgs- vFkkZr vkt
'ksGhP;k nq/kkph mRikndrk QDr 219 feyh@’ksGh@fnol vkgs-
cgqrsd ns’kkae/;s xk;h vkf.k EgS’khP;k nq/kkP;k lkekU;
L=ksrkP;k miyC/krsuqlkj nw/k ?ks.ks dBh.k gksrs- v’kk Hkkxkae/;s
cdjhP;k nq/kkP;k izHkkoh okijkeqGs ekuoh 'kjhjkoj ldkjkRed
ifj.kke gksrks] vls vfydMP;k la’kks/kukeqGs fnlwu vkys vkgs-
'ksGhP;k nq/kkoj izfØ;k djrsosGh vMp.k fuekZ.k gksr ukgh]
dkj.k gkseksthuk;>s’kuph vko’;drk ulrs ¼ygku pjchps v.kw
Lora= ulrkr vkf.k fØee/;s fuyafcr jkgrkr½-
dkgh vH;kldkauh v’kh f’kQkjl dsyh vkgs dh] xk;h
vkf.k EgS’khP;k nq/kke/;s vf/kd pkaxys vlysys 'ksGhps nw/k
ykHkdkjh QWVh vWflMl ¼xkbZps nq/kkP;k iVhus nqIiV½ vlY;keqGs
mRre ipu djrkr- 'ksGhps nw/k lkekU;r% pht] yks.kh]
vkbLØhe vkf.k ;ksxxq.kkaeqGs izfØ;kÑr vkgs] R;krhy mPp
rkdnkj lkexzh vkf.k le`̀) lqlaxrrk ;keqGs R;kauk mRre [kk|
Eg.kwu letys tkrs-
23
'ksGhps nq/kkps vusd Qk;ns R;kP;k xq.k/kekZeqGs ;srkr]
R;keqGs gkMs etcwr gksrkr] izfrj{kk ok<rs- 'ksGh nq/kke/;s 3-8%
pjch] 3-4% izksVhu vlrs- mRRe ikpdrk] {kkjrk] cQjhax {kerk]
oS|dh; vkf.k ekuoh iks"k.k ;ke/khy dkgh mipkjkRed ewY; gs
'ksGhP;k nq/kke/;s vkgsr- 'ksGhph nwX/k ?kurk] fof’k"V xq:Ro
vkf.k fpdVi.kk xkbZP;k nq/kkis{kk tkLr vlrks] ijarq viorZd
funsZ’kkad vkf.k xksB.k fcanw gk xk;hP;k nq/kkis{kk deh vlrks-
'ksGhP;k nq/kkrhy ?kVd &
iks"kd rRo&
fLuX/k inkFkZ ¼QWV½ 3-8 VDds] izfFkus 7 VDds] mtkZ 3 VDds]
dcksZnds 9 VDds ;kalg jk;cksIysfou izfFkus 8 VDds] thoulRo
v 4 VDds] thoulRo M 3 VDds] thoulRo d Fkk;ehu 3
VDds] 4-1 VDds yWDVkst] 0-8 VDds jk[k] 8-9 VDds
,l,u,Q- vkf.k 87 VDds ik.kh-
[kftus‘
dWfY’kve& 13 VDds
QkWLQjl& 7 VDds
iksVWf’kve& 6 VDds
eWXusf’kve& 3 VDds
lsysfu;e& 30 VDds
'ksGh nq/kkiklwu izfØ;k;qDr inkFkZ&
Hkkjrh; Ñ"kh la’kks/ku ifj"knsus 'ksGhP;k nq/kkiklwu
fcfLdVs] Jh[kaM] iuhj] vkbLØhe vkf.k lkc.k r;kj dsys vkgsr-
ijns’kke/;s 'ksGhP;k nq/kkiklwu fcfLdVs] Jh[kaM] iuhj vkbLØhe
vkf.k lkc.k r;kj dsys vkgsr- ijns’kke/;s 'ksGhP;k nq/kkiklwu
r;kj dsysys dkgh fof’k"V inkFkZ yksdfiz; vkgsr-
24
1½ isVk& 'ksGhP;k nq/kkiklwu r;kj dsysY;k ewyk;e phtyk isVk
Eg.krkr- vk[kkrh ns’k o bL=kbZye/;s gk izdkj [kkYyk tkrks-
2½ fidksjhuks bVyhrhy gk [kk|inkFkZgh 'ksG;kaP;k nq/kkiklwu r;kj
dsysys pht vkgs- lkBo.khrhy fidksjhuks pht gk ,d vR;ar
lkfn"V [kk|izdkj vkgs-
'ksGhP;k nq/kkps vkS"k/kh xq.k/keZ&
1- xkbZP;k nq/kklkBh vWythZ vl.kkÚ;kauk 'ksGhps nw/k ipw 'kdrs-
2- 'ksGhps nw/k 'kjhjkrhy fofo/k nkg deh dj.;kl enr djrs-
3- 'ksGhP;k nq/kke/;s eTTkklaLFksps jksx cjs gks.;kl enr gksr
vlY;kpk nkok vusd la’kks/kd djrkr- ‘
4- dkgh laLÑrhe/;s lkSn;Zo/kZd is; ekuys tkrs-
5- 'kkjhfjd ok< vkf.k vkjksX;kl ykHkdkjd vlrs-
6- LFkkSY;Ro fu;a=.kklkBh mi;qDr-
7- 'ksGhP;k nq/kkpk lkew gk Ropsizek.ks vlY;kus fofo/k
Ropkjksxkoj okij djrkr R;keqGs 'ksGhps nw/k vl.kkkjs dkgh
lkc.kns[khy cktkjkr miyC/k vkgsr-
8- ekuoklkBh 'ksGhP;k nq/kkps lokZr eksBs ;ksxnku Eg.kts
dWfY’k;e vkf.k QkWLQsV gs vkgs- tBjksxfo"k;d vkf.k
vYljiklwu xzLr ekuokdjhrk 'ksGhP;k nq/kkiklwu r;kj
dsysys ngh vf/kdp Qk;ns’khj B: 'kdrs-
xk;] Eg’khP;k nq/kkis{kk FkksMk osxGsi.kk] pkaxys xq.k/keZ
vl.kkÚ;k 'ksGhP;k nq/kkyk Hkfo";kr pkaxyh cktkjisB feGw
'kdrs- tkfroar nq/kkG 'ksGhps pkaxys O;oLFkkiu d:u nw/k
mRiknu ok<fo.ks 'kD; vkgs- xzkgdkauk 'ksGhP;k nq/kkph ikSf"Vdrk]
xq.k/keZ iVowu nsÅu nw/k o nqX/ktU; inkFkZ fod.ks 'kD; vkgs-
tkfroar nq/kkG 'ksGhps pkaxys O;oLFkkiu d:u nw/k mRiknu
ok<fo.;kps iz;Ru la’kks/ku laLFkk rlsp iz;ksx’khy i'kwikyd
djhr vkgsr-
25
12- lqD;k pkÚ;kph ikSf"Vdrk ok<fo.ks
joaFk dj.kkÚ;k izk.;kae/;s izfFkus ulysy;k u=kps :ikarj
dj.;kph 'kDrh vlrs- ;klkBh deh ipuh; vlysyk lqdk pkjk
vFkok >kMikyk mnk- Hkkrkpk isa<k] dMck] HkqLlk bR;knh
inkFkkZaoj ;qfj;kph izfØ;k d:u R;kph ikpdrk o po ok<fork
;sÅ 'kdrs- Hkkrisa<;koj ;qfj;kph izfØ;k dsY;kl vFkok iwjd
vkgkjkr cpr gksÅ 'kdrs- ;qfj;k izfØ;slkBh 4% ;qfj;kps nzko.k
r;kj dsY;kl ¼40 yh- ik.kh½ 100 fdyks is<;klkBh iqjsls gksrs-
nzko.k r;kj dsY;kuarj dksck dsysY;k tfeuhoj vFkok
tfeuhoj IyWfLVhd vaFk:u 4 rs 6 bap tkMhpk isa<;kpk Fkj
iljkok- ;k Fkjkoj >kjhps nzko.k f’kaiMkos- nzko.k f’kaiMrkuk isa<k
fHktsy ;kph dkGth ?;koh- R;kuarj iqUgk isa<;kpk Fkj d:u
R;koj ;qfj;kps nzko.k f’kaiMkos- vls djr djr Fkjkoj Fkj jpwu
isa<k nkcwu IyWfLVdus loZ cktwauh >kdwu ?;kok- rhu
vkBoM;kuarj ;qfj;kph jklk;fud fØ;k gksowu gk isa<k 'ksG;kauk
[kk.;kl ;ksX; gksrks- isa<k ckgsj dk<rkuk IyWfLVdps >kd.k iw.kZ
dk<w u;s- ,dk cktwus vko’;d rso<k isa<k dk<wu iqUgk IyWfLVdus
>kdwu ?;kok- lnj isa<k ckgsj dk<Y;kuarj iljowu Bsokok Eg.kts
R;krhy veksfu;k fu?kwu tkbZy o isa<;kl veksfu;kpk okl ;s.kkj
ukgh-
26
13- ewj?kkl
ewj?kkl Eg.kts yqlyqf’kr fgjok pkjk dkiwu gokcan
tkxsr lkBfoysyk vkf.k vkacfo.;kP;k fØ;sus r;kj dsysyk fgjok
pkjk-
T;kosGsl fgjO;k pkÚ;kph miyC/krk Hkjiwj izek.kkr vlrs]
v’kk osGh gk fgjok pkjk iks"k.k ewY;kalghr lkBowu Bso.;kdjhrk
ewj?kkl gk Ik;kZ; vkgs- FkksMD;kr ewj?kkl Eg.kts fgjO;k pkÚ;kps
yks.kps- mUgkG;kr T;kosGh fgjok pkjk ulrks] v’kk osGh ewj?kkl
'ksG;kauk fnY;kl fgjO;k pkÚ;kph derjrk Hkkl.kkj ukgh-
ewj?kklklkBh fuoMysY;k fidkps [kksM Hkjho vlrs]
fidkP;k [kksMkr Hkjiwj 'kdZjk] dcksZnds vlkohr- ik.;kps izek.k
70% VDds is{kk tkLr vlY;kl dki.khuarj 2 rs 4 rkl
lqdowu okijkos- ik.kh deh vlY;kl ik.kh f’kaiMkos-
,dnyoxhZ; edk] Tokjh] cktjh] vksV rlsp xorh pkjk
fidkae/;s dcksZndkaps izek.k tkLr vlrs- dcksZnds tkLr
vlysY;k fidapk ewj?kkl pkaxyk gksrks- loZ fidkr edk gs mRre
fid rFkkfi Tokjh] cktjh] fxuh xor] xtjkt] iWjkxor]
ekGjkukrhy fgjos xor] Qwyxor] dsGhph ikus b- iklwugh
mRre ewj?kkl curks-
ewj?kkl r;kj dj.;klkBh [kM~~Mk] flesaVps ikbZi ;kpk okij
dsyk tkrks- l/;k ewj?kklklkBh osxosxG;k {kersP;k IyWfLVd
¼200 fd-xzW- 500 fd-xzW- {kersP;k½ fi’kO;k miyC/k vkgsr-
¼PPFIBC½ ewj?kkl dj.;kph tkxk mapoV;kph vlkoh- R;k fBdk.kh
ik.kh lkBwu jkgw u;s- [kM~~Mk vlY;kl fHkarh o [kkypk Hkkx
xqGxqGhr vlkok- dksijs xksykdkj vlkosr- okgrwdhph lks;
Ogkoh] ;kdjhrk [kM~~Mk xksB;kP;k toG vlkok- R;koj NIij
vlkos-
[kM~~Mk Hkjrkuk ihd dkiY;kuarj dqV~~Vh ;a=kus fdaok dks;rhus
ckjhd ckjhd rqdMs djkosr- [kM~~M;kr vFkok fi’kohr rGkyk
ok<ysY;k pkÚ;kpk Fkj |kok- R;kuarj dkiysY;k pkÚ;kpk Fkj
27
|kok- gk Fkj ik;kus@VªWDVjus vFkok /kqelkus ?kV~~V nkckok- xorkr
gok jkg.kkj ukgh ;kph dkGth ?;koh- iqUgk xorkpk Fkj |kok-
izR;sdosGh Fkj pkaxyk nkcwu ?;kok- dkBkP;k nksu QwVkaoj
dksukÑrhr [kM~~Mk Hkjkok- ;k [kM~~M;koj okGysY;k xorkps 10
ls-eh- Fkjkps vkPNknu djkos vkf.k R;koj 'ks.kdkyk Vkdwu
'ks.kekrhus fyaiwu ?;kOks- nksu rs rhu fnolkauh vkrhy pkjk
nkcY;kus [kM~~Mk iMwu Hksxk tkrkr Eg.kwu gk [kM~~Mk ekrhus Hk:u
Hksxk fyaiwu ?;kO;kr-
ewj?kkl fnM efgU;kr r;kj gksrks- gokcan fLFkrhr lkBowu
BsoY;kl ,d o"kkZi;Zar pkaxY;k fLFkrhr jkgrks- dksd.kkr
vkWDVkscj efgU;kr dqjk.kkrhy@ekGjkukrhy LFkkfud xor
QqyksÚ;kr vlrkuk ;k xorkiklwu ewj?kkl cufork ;srks- rFkkfi
;k xorkph ikSf"Vdrk deh vlY;kus R;ke/;s ;qfj;k ¼1%½] xqG
¼4%½ vkf.k feB ¼2%½ okijY;kl ikSf"Vdrk ok<wu tukojs
vlk ewj?kkl vkoMhus [kkrhy- 100 fdyks pkÚ;klkBh 10 fyVj
ik.;kr xwG@mlkph eGh 4 fdyks] ehB 2 fdyks vkf.k ;qfj;k
1 fdyks ;kaps feJ.k djkos-
ewj?kkl dk<rkuk ,dk cktwus dk<.;kl ?;kok- [kM~~Mk iqUgk
>kdwu gokcan djkok- dk<ysyk ewj?kkl eksdG;k tkxsr iljowu
uarjp 'ksG;kauk |kok- 'ksGhyk v/kkZ rs ,d fdyks i;Zar fdaok
'kjhj otukP;k 2 rs 2-5% |kok- nqHkR;k 'ksG;kauk nw/k
dk<Y;kuarjp ewj?kkl |kok- nw/k R;kP;k xq.k/kekZizek.ks ewj?kklkpk
okl 'kks"kwu ?ksrs o ewj?kklkpk okl nw/kkl ;srks- ,d ?kuQwV tkxsr
lk/kkj.ki.ks 16 fdyks ewj?kkl ekorks-
28
14- v>ksyk mRiknu
tukojkaP;k ok<hlkBh vko’;d vl.kkjk ?kVd Eg.kts
izfFkua- gh izfFkua tukojkauk f}nyoxhZ; pkjk rlsp vkacks.kkrhy
isaMhiklwu feGrkr- [kk|kojhy [kpkZiSdh vkacks.kkpk [kpZ tkLr
vlrks- izfFkukaph xjt brj pkÚ;krwu Hkkxfork vkY;kl
[kk|kojhy [kpZ deh djrk ;sÅ 'kdrks- v>ksyk mRiknu dsY;kl
'ksG;kauk vko’;d izfFkua R;krwu feGrhy- v>ksyk gs 'ksokG
vlwu ik.;koj eqDri.ks rjax.kkjh uspsoxhZ; ouLirh vkgs- izkphu
dkGkiklwu v>ksykph vksG[k uhy&gfjr 'ksokG v’kh vkgs- gh
,d lgthoh ouLirh vlwu okrkoj.kkrhy u= uhy&gfjr
'kSokykaP;k enrhua fLFkj djrs- v>ksyk ykxoM gs lkia]
vYi[kfpZd vkf.k fdQk;r’khj ra=Kku vkgs- v>ksyklkBh
ykx.kkjs Je vkf.k mRiknu ;kapk rqyukRed vH;kl dsyk rj
v>ksyk mRiknu fdrhrjh iVhus Qk;ns’khj vkgs vkf.k tkLr
mRiknu ns.kkjs 'ksokG vkgs-
v>ksyke/;s dksjM;k otukuqlkj 25 rs 30% izfFkus] 10 rs
15% [kfuts] 7 rs 10% vfeuks vkEys] tSofØ;k’khy inkFkZ
vkf.k ck;ksikWfyej rj 15 rs 18% rarqe; inkFkZ vlrkr-
v>ksyke/;s izfFkukaps izek.k tkLr rj fyfXuups izek.k deh
vlY;kus rs lgt iprs-
v>ksyk mRiknukps ra=
v>ksyk vkdkjkus ,d rs rhu ls-eh- vlrs- v>ksykps
iqu:Riku ySafxd vkf.k vySafxd v’kk nksUgh izdkjs gksrs- ok<
lekarj fn’ksus gksrs- vkiY;k lks;huqlkj] 'ksrkr] ijlkr]
xksB;k’kstkjh vkf.k xPphojgh v>ksykph ykxoM djrk ;srs-
v>ksykph ykxoM okQs i)rhus 'kD;rks >kMkP;k lkoyhr
djkoh- v>ksyk mRiknuklkBh fuoMysyh tkxk nxM] ekrh dk<wu
,dlkj[kh likV o lkQ d:u ?;koh- [kM~~M;kph ykach rhl
QwVkai;Zar ?ksryh rjh pkysy- ijarq :anh 3 rs 4 QwV Bsokoh-
29
ts.ksd:u ok¶;kP;k nksUgh cktwauh gkrkus v>ksyk lgt ok<rk
;sbZy- [kM~~M;kaph [kksyh ,d rs fnM QwV vlkoh-
[kM~~M;kr rkMi=h fdaok IyWfLVd dkxn O;ofLFkr vaFk:u
R;koj otu Bsokos- flyiksyhupk okij dsY;kl vkfFkZd Qk;nkp
gksbZy- ;kuarj [kM~~M;kr 15 fdyks pkGysyh ckjhd ekrh lekarj
Vkdwu ?;koh- ekrhoj 'ks.kkP;k Lyjhpk Fkj ns.;klkBh 7 rs 8 ls-
eh- maphi;Zar [kM~~Mk ik.;kus Hk:u ?;kok-
;k [kM~~M;kr 50 xzWe flaxy lqij QkWLQsV] 5 fy- ik.;kr
foj?kGwu lksMkos- rlsp [kfut feJ.k 50 xzWe izfr 5 fy-
ik.;kr felGwu rs ik.;kus HkjysY;k laiw.kZ [kM~~M;koj iljkos-
laiw.kZ [kM~~Mk 30 ls-eh- Ik;Zar ik.;kus HkjY;kuarj R;ke/;s 1
fdyks LoPN ik.kh f’kaiMkos- lk/kkj.k 15 fnolkuarj laiw.kZ okQk
v>ksykus Hk:u tkbZy- izR;sd pkSjl ehVj e/kwu 200 rs 300
xzWe v>ksyk jkst dk<rk ;srks-
izR;sd vkBoM;kyk ok¶;ke/;s 50 xzWe [kfut feJ.k vkf.k
50xzWe flaxy lqij QkWLQsV izR;sd 5 fy- ik.;kr felGwu ?;kos-
,d efgU;kuarj R;k ok¶;ke/;s 5 fdyks ckjhd ekrh o 5 fdyks
'ks.k felGkos-
v>ksyk mRiknuklkBh rkieku 25 rs 300 lsfYlvl rj
lkis{k vknzZrk 65 rs 80 % vkf.k 50% lw;Zizdk’k vlkok-
ik.;kpk lkew 4 rs 7-5 rj ik.;kph {kkjrk 90 rs 150
feyhxzWe izfr yh- vlkoh-
v>ksykps mRiknu brj pkjkfidkais{kk tkLr vkgs-
v>ksykiklwu 730 Vu izfr gsDVj mRiknu feGrs-
lk/kkj.ki.ks v/kkZ fdyksi;Zar v>ksyk izR;d 'ksGhl [kkÅ
?kkykok- lq:okrhyk i'kw[kk|kr fdaok vkaco.kke/;s felGwu
,dkl ,d ;k izek.kkr |kok- R;kf’kok; i'kw[kk|kf’kok; v>ksyk
|kok- v>ksY;kr vlysyh izfFkus] thoulRo v vkf.k c] rlsp
dWfY’kve] QkWLQksjl] iksVWf’kve] yksg] rkacs vkf.k eWXusf’kve ;k
[kfutkaeqGs 'ksG;k l’kDr gksrhy] R;kaph ok< gksbZy rlsp nw/k
mRiknu ok<sy-
30
15- pkjkfids vkf.k >kMikyk
pkjkfidkaps oxhZdj.k
1- r`̀.k/kkU; pkjkfids
v½ gaxkeh & edk] Tokjh] cktjh] vksV
c½ cgqoxhZ; oSj.k fids& iWjk xor] fxuhxor]
usfi;j] lhvks&2] lhvks&3] laiw.kkZ b-
2- ftjk;rh lq/kkjhr xor & Mksaxjh xor] dqlGh] ekjosy]
eks’kh] vatu xor] csj fnukukFk xor-
3- f}ny pkjkfids
v½ gaxkeh& poGh] ylw.k?kkl] jkuewx ¼fljWVªks½]
cjlhe] oky] ikoVk
c½ cgqokf"kZd & lqckHkwG] LVk;yks] 'ksoxk] vatu]
gknxk] n’kjFk] 'ksojh
4- >kMkikyk& vklk.kk] f’ko.k] /kke.k] ikaxkjk] macj] fcoGk]
HksaM] Q.kl] isVdqGh] fxjhiq"i] /kkljh] iksljh b-
pkjkfidkaps fu;kstu
1- Ok"kZHkj fgjO;k pkÚ;klkBh pkÚ;kps fu;kstu dj.ks egRokps
vkgs-
2- pkjkfidkaph isj.kh ,dkosGh u djrk 7&8 fnolkaP;k varjkus
djkoh-
3- r`̀.k/kkU; fidklkscr f}nyoxhZ; pkjkfidkaph ykxoM dsY;kl
pkÚ;kph izr lq/kkjsy- mnk- eD;kP;k nksu vksGhuarj poGhph
,d vksG isjkoh-
4- T;k fidkaP;k ,dkis{kk vf/kd dki.;k djrk ;srkr R;kapk
mi;ksx djkok- mnk- Tokjh] cktjh gh fids dksoG;k voLFksr
[kk;yk ?kkyw u;sr- R;keqGs HCN ck/kk VkGrk ;srs-
5- xksB;krhy eyew=] ysaMh pkjkfidklkBh okijkoh-
6- pkjkfidkauk tkLr izek.kkr ik.kh fnY;kl r.kkapk minzo
ok<rks-
31
7- pkjkfidkaoj lglk fdVduk’kdkaph Qokj.kh djkoh ykx.kkj
ukgh- Qokj.kh dsY;kl vlk pkjk 3 rs 4 vkBoM;kai;Zar
[kk.;kl nsow u;s-
100 'ksG;kalkBh vankts 3 ,dj fidk[kkyhy 'ksrhrwu
vko’;d fgjok pkjk feGw 'kdrks-
>kMikyk& >kMkapk ikyk 'ksG;kaps vkoMhps [kk| vkgs- nq"dkGh
dkGkr 'ksG;k iw.kZi.ks >kMikY;koj jkgw 'kdrkr- ikY;ke/;s
izfFkus] dWfY’kve vkf.k ^v* thoulRo vf/kd izek.kkr vlrs-
'ksG;k] esa<;kaP;k vkgkjke/;s >kMikY;kpk 60 VDds Ik;Zar
lekos’k vlrks-
>kMkaP;k ikY;ke/;s vUu?kVdkaps izek.k pkaxys vlys rjh
R;kr dkgh vik;dkjd ?kVd vlrkr- R;keqGs vUu?kVdkaph
ikpdrk deh gksrs- f’ko.k] ikaxkjk] /kke.k] vklk.kk] HksaM] macj]
vkiVk] fxjhiq"Ik ;k pkjko`{̀kkapk >kMikyk iks"k.k eqY;kaP;k
n`̀"Vhdksukrwu mi;qDr vkgs- ;k pkjko`̀{kkaph ykxoM djrkuk
LFkkfud >kMkauk izk/kkU; |kos- R;k >kMkP;k >kMikY;kph
ikS"Vhdrk egRokph vkgs- ojhy >kMikY;ke/;s ikpd izfFkukaps
izek.k 7 rs 15 % rj ,dw.k ikpd vUu?kVd 50 rs 75 VDds
vlrkr- rlsp gk >kMikyk :pdj vlrks vkf.k dki.khuarj ;k
>kMkauk pkaxyk QqVok ;srks-
32
>kMikY;krhy vUu?kVdkaps izfr’ksdMk izek.k ¼tyfojghr rRokuqlkj½
v-
Ø-
pkjk
o`̀{k
'kq"d
inkFkZ
izfFkus rarwe;
inkFkZ
fLuX/k
inkFkZ
dcksZnds [kfuts flyhdk pquk LQqjn VWfud
vkEy
Ikpuh;
inkFkZ
,dw.k
ipuh;
inkFkZ
1 vklk.kk 37-52 14-43 15-86 4-01 59-39 6-31 1-80 2-00 0-26 0-60 11-98 73-61
2 f'ko.k 43-60 11-07 35-13 3-48 55-83 8-48 2-57 2-21 0-29 3-61 7-27 52-21
3 /kke.k 37-25 15-45 13-65 6-80 54-73 9-35 2-10 2-27 0-21 0-75 11-14 67-42
4 fxjhiq"i 19-38 15-57 16-78 4-22 55-60 7-83 2-82 2-79 0-21 2-24 10-83 66-12
5 Ikakxkjk 25-00 18-65 26-94 3-40 44-03 6-98 0-49 1-38 0-26 0-26 15-43 72-57
6 macj 30-63 16-97 10-03 1-90 63-25 7-85 0-82 1-87 0-15 1-86 11-45 57-11
7 fcoGk 49-47 11-81 28-91 4-64 48-68 5-96 1-19 1-88 0-26 0-67 7-32 58-67
8 HksaM 32-91 17-50 8-65 7-08 58-41 8-36 1-23 1-38 0-69 0-79 13-78 75-68
9 Q.kl 35-57 13-33 24-17 3-77 51-24 7-49 1-68 2-47 0-26 3-55 6-80 48-70
10 oM 33-50 9-18 23-29 1-42 58-27 7-84 0-93 1-72 0-17 2-13 3-20 46-42
11 Cksj 37-00 7-00 10-77 5-84 68-45 7-94 1-60 2-21 0-36 0-96 4-28 62-70
12 tkaHkwG 46-24 9-28 14-79 4-94 63-95 7-04 0-23 1-28 0-14 5-87 4-72 51-81
13 isVdqGh 47-92 19-68 12-00 6-40 54-92 7-00 2-35 2-40 0-21 2-17 12-57 63-31
14 /kkljk 28-00 10-50 13-78 2-74 66-51 6-47 0-78 2-21 0-17 0-17 12-63 59-40
33
16- gk;MªksiksfuDl pkjk mRiknu i)rh
Ekkrhfouk QDr ik.;kpk okij d:u IyWfLVdP;k
HkkaM;ke/;s ¼Tray½ eq[;r% r`.̀koxhZ; /kkU;kl eksM vk.kwu
lk/kkj.k 8&10 fnolkai;Zar ok<fo.ks Eg.ktsp gk;MªksiksfuDl
i)rhus pkjk mRiknu ra=- /kkU;kl fdaok fc;k.;kl eksM
vkY;keqGs vUunzO; ek=sr cny gksrks- eksM ;s.;kph izfØ;k
fodjkaeqGs ¼Enzyme½ gksr vlY;keqGs fc;kae/;s lkBfoysyss
vUu?kVdkaps ipukl gyD;k v’kk ;ksX; ?kVdkar :ikarj gksrs-
mnk- LVkpZps lk[kjsr fdaok izfFkukaps vfeuks vkEyke/;s :ikarj
gksrs- ;k ra=kus pkjk mRiknu dj.;klkBh 75&90 VDds {kersps
'ksMusV] Qksxj flLVhe] Vk;ej] IyWfLVd Vªs b- lk/kulkeqxzhpk
okij d:u pkjk fufeZrh 'ksM r;kj djkoh-
i)rh%
,d fdyks fuoMysY;k edk fc;k@/kkU; 2 yh- dkseV
ik.;kr 18&24 rkl fHktr Bsokos-
fHktoysys edk fc;k.ks LoPN vksY;k xks.kikVkr
xaqMkGwu@>kdwu 24 rkl va/kkÚ;k tkxsr@[kksyhr Bsokos-
lk/kkj.ki.ks 24 rklkuarj R;kl eksM ;s.;kl lq:okr gksrs-
eksM vkysys fc;k.ks 3 x 2 QwV vkdkjkP;k LoPN IyWfLVd
Vªs e/;s il:u ?;kos- R;koj cqj’khph ok< gksÅ u;s ;klkBh
5% feBkps ik.kh f’kaiMkos-
rn~uarj nj nksu rklkP;k Qjdkus nksu feuhV ;k izek.kkr
QkWxj i)rhus vFkok >kjhus ik.kh |kos- ,dk Vªsyk izfr fnu
250&300 feyh- ik.kh vko’;d vkgs-
v’kk i)rhus eksM vkysY;k /kkU;kiklwu 8&10 fnolkar
20&25 ls-eh- i;Zar ok< >kysyk 6&8 fdyks
gk;MªksiksfuDl i)rhus ok<foysyk mRre izfrpk fgjok pkjk
r;kj gksrks-
34
deh rarqe; inkFkZ vkf.k vf/kd fi"Ve; inkFkZ ;keqGs
ikjaikfjd edk pkÚ;kis{kk gk;MªksiksfuDl edk pkjk vf/kd :pdj]
yqlyqf’kr] ikSf"Vd o ponkj vkf.k ipuh; vlrks-
ikjaikfjd i)rhus edk pkjk mRiknukl ykx.kkjk dehr
deh 60 fnolkapk dkyko/kh vkf.k gk;MªksiksfuDl i)rhus 8&10
fnolkr mRiknhr gks.kkÚ;k pkÚ;kph xq.koRrk iq<s fnysY;k rDR;kr
n’kZfoY;kizek.ks vlrs-
tukojkauk pkjk ns.;kps izek.k
tukojkauk ;k i)rhpk pkjk fdrh |kok ;kfo"k;h
dks.krhgh f’kQkjl l/;krjh dj.;kr vkysyh ukgh- ijarq
lk/kkj.kr% nqHkR;k o HkkdM tukojkauk iq<hy izek.ks pkjk nsrk
;sbZy-
1- nqHkrh tukojs& 10&12 fdyks@fnol
2- HkkdM tukojs& 6&8 fdyks@fnol
3- lk/kkj.kr% 20 x 20 P;k 'ksMe/;s 10 tukojkapk pkjk
mRikfnr djrk ;s.ks 'kD; vkgs-
pkjk mRiknu djrkuk ?;ko;kph dkGth
1 pkjk mRiknu 'ksMe/;s neV vkf.k vksylj okrkoj.kkeqGs
cqj’kh@ftok.kw ok<.;kph 'kD;rk vlrs Eg.kwu ;ksX;
okrkoj.k Bso.ks vko’;d vkgs- ‘
2 fc;k.ks@/kkU; pkaxys /kqowu ?ksÅup ik.;kr fHktr Bsokos-
izR;sd osGh Vªs pkaxys /kqowu dksjMs d:up okijkosr- Vªs
/kq.;klkBh diMs /kq.;kpk lksMk fdaok Dyksfju;qDr ik.;kpk
okij djkok-
3 ;ksX; fc;k.;kpk okij djkok- rqVds [kjkc fc;k.ks fuoMwu
cktwyk dk<kos-
4 'ksM LoPN vkf.k 'ksMe/;s gok usgeh [ksGrh jkghy ;kph
dkGth ?;koh-
5 Vªs e/kwu ik.;kpk pkaxyk fupjk gksbZy v’kk i)rhus ekaM.kh
djkoh- 'ksokG;qDr ik.;kpk okij d: u;s-
6 pkjk Vªs e/;s tkLr fnol BsÅ u;s-
35
7 Tokjh] cktjh ;k fidkaps ;k i)rhus pkjk mRiknu d: u;s-
gk;MªksiksfuDl pkÚ;kps Qk;ns
1- nq"dkGtU; ifjfLFkrhr fgjO;k pkÚ;klkBh gs ra= pkaxyk i;kZ;
vkgs-
2- tukojkauk ;k pkÚ;krwu iks"k.kewY; eksB;k izek.kkr miyC/k
gksrkr-
3- pkÚ;kph ikpdrk nsf[ky ok<rs-
4- deh tkxsr] deh ik.;kr] deh dkyko/khr pkjk fufeZrh
djrk ;srs-
5- [kk|kojhy [kpkZr cpr o mRiknukr ok< gks.;kl enr gksrs-
6- gk pkjk tukojs iw.kZi.ks [kkrkr] R;keqGs pkjk ok;k tkr ukgh-
7- o"kZHkj pkjk fufeZrh djrk ;s.ks 'kD; vkgs-
36
gk;MªksiksfuDl vkf.k ikjaikfjd i)rhus r;kj dsysY;k edk pkÚ;kps jklk;fud i`̀̀Fk%dj.k vkf.k xq.koRrk
vUu?kVd gk;MªksiksfuDl pkÚ;ke/;s izfrfnu xq.koRrsr gks.kkjk cny ikjaikfjd
edk pkjk
¼60
fnolkapk½ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
izfFkus 8-60 8-88 9-14 9-65 11-27 12-58 12-89 13-57 10-67
fLuX/k
inkFkZ
2-56 2-49 2-57 2-88 3-08 3-06 3-21 3-49 2-27
rarqe;
inkFkZ
2-50 2-55 3-07 4-72 5-51 7-56 10-67 14-07 25-92
fi"Ve;
inkFkZ
84-49 84-15 82-87 79-20 77-65 74-04 69-21 66-72 51-78
,dw.k
[kfuts
1-57 1-67 1-84 1-92 2-14 2-44 3-34 3-84 9-36
37
17- 'ksGh ikyu izdYi vgoky
1 izdYi 50 'ksG;k 2 cksdM
2 'ksGh tkrh dksd.k dU;kG] mLekukcknh] laxeusjh] LFkkfud
3 jkT; egkjk"Vª
4 izdYi eqY; 333480
5 cWad dtZ 250110
6 cht HkkaMoy 83370
7 ijr QsM 6 o"ksZ
8 O;kt nj 12 VDds@fj>oZ cWadsus fuf’pr dsysyk pkyw nj
'ksGh ikyu O;olk;kps vFkZ’kkL=& xawro.kwd ewY;
v-
Ø-
ckc ifj.kke HkkSfrd
?kVd
?kVd
ewY;
,dw.k
v HkkaMoyh [kpZ
1 'ksM 'ksGh& 10 pkS- QqV izfr 'ksGh& 10*50=500 50 60
cksdM& 20 pkS- QqV izfr 'ksGh& 20*2=40 2 60
djMs& 4 pkS- QqV izfr 'ksGh& 4*68=272 68 60 48720
2 brj ik;kHkwr lqfo/kk
3 lkfgR; 100 :- izfr 'ksGh 52 100 5200
4 [kjsnh 'ksGh 50 3900 195000
38
cksdM 2 5000 10000
,dw.k &1 264120
c vkorhZ [kpZ
5 foek 'ksGh 50 4 VDds 7800
cksdM 2 4 VDds 400
6 i'kwoS|dh; enr 20 :- izfr 'ksGh 52 40 2080
7 pkjk ykxoM 2 ,dj izfr eksle 3 eksle 1500 izfr 2 vkj 9000
eksle@,dj &150
8 i'kq[kk| 'ksGh& 6-75 fdyks izfr 12 ekg& 81 fdyks 50 6 24300
cksdM& 7-5 fdyks izfr 12 ekg& 90 fdyks 2 6 1620
djMs& 6-75 fdyks izfr 12 ekg& 22-5 fdyks 64 6 8640
9 etwjh 12 efgus 1 1250 15000
10 ik.kh] oht] brj 10 izfr 52 10 520
,dw.k& 2 69360
,dw.k ¼1$2½ 333480
11 cht HkkaMoy 83370
12 dtZ 250110
39
vkfFkZd & rkaf=d ifj.kke
v-Ø- ckc ifj.kke
cksdM 2
'ksG;k 50
v½ mRiknu ckch
1 o;kr ;ko;kpk dkG 10&12 efgus
2 nksu forkrhy varj 8
3 fo.;kph VDdsokjh 85
4 tqGs tUe ns.kkjh 60
5 ,dk o"kkZrhy fors 1-5
6 uj eknh izek.k 1-5
7 Ek`̀R;w nj& o;Ld 5
djMs 15
8 djMkaps foØh ;ksX; o; 8&9
9 2Ú;k o"kkZrwu dGikrwu 'ksG;k cny.;kps izek.k 20 VDds
c [kpkZps ifjek.k
1 izR;sd tkxk xjt & 'ksGh 10 pkS-Qw-
cksdM 20 pkS-Qw-
djMs 4 pkS-Qw-
40
2 cka/kdke ewY; izfr pkS- QwV 60
3 lkfgR; izfr 'ksGh 100
4 pkjk tfeu 2 ,dj
ykxoM [kpZ izfr ,dj izfr eksle 1500
5 Ik’kw[kk| & 'ksGh 6-75 fd-xzW- izfr ekg
cksdM 7-5 fd-xzW- izfr ekg
djMs 3-75 fd-xzW- izfr ekg
6 i'kw[kk| nj :- izfr fdyks 6
7 etwj 1
etwjh nj 1250 izfr ekg
8 foek 4 VDds nj
9 i'kw oS|dh; [kpZ :- izfr o;Ld izfr o"kZ 40
ik.kh] oht o brj :- izfr o;Ld izfr o"kZ 10
d mRiUu ifjek.k
1 djMs uj foØh izfr djMw
2 djMs eknh foØh izfr djMw
3 fu:i;ksxh eknh foØh
4 fu:i;ksxh uj foØh
5 fjdkeh iksrh foØh & 13-3 iksrh izfr Vu& :-
izfr iksrs
10
41
M½ ijrQsM
1 ijrQsM dkyko/kh 6 o"ksZ
2 ok<ho eqnr 1 o"ksZ
3 O;kt nj 12 o"ksZ
v-
Ø-
Ckkc o"kZ
1 2 3 4 5 6
v HkkaMoyh [kpZ
1 HkkaMoyh [kpZ 264120
c vkorhZ
2 fgjok pkjk
ykxoM
9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000
2 ,dj {ks=kr
rhu _rwr izfr
,dj :-
500@&
izek.ks ykxoM
4500*2 4500*2 4500*2 4500*2 4500*2 4500*2
3 [kk|
'ksGh 24300 24300 24300 24300 24300 24300
81*6*50 81*6*50 81*6*50 81*6*50 81*6*50 81*6*50
42
cksdM 1620 1620 1620 1620 1620 1620
90*6*2 90*6*2 90*6*2 90*6*2 90*6*2 90*6*2 djMs 8640 17280 8640 17280 8640 17280
22-
5*6*64 22-
5*6*64 22-
5*6*64 22-
5*6*64 22-
5*6*64 22-
5*6*64 4 vkS"k/ks 2080 2080 2080 2080 2080 2080
40*52 40*52 40*52 40*52 40*52 40*52 5 foek 7800 7800 7800 7800 7800 7800
4 VDds 4 VDds 4 VDds 4 VDds 4 VDds 4 VDds
6 brj 520 520 520 520 520 520
10*52 10*52 10*52 10*52 10*52 10*52 7 etwj 15000 15000 15000 15000 15000 15000
1250*12 1250*12 1250*12 1250*12 1250*12 1250*12 ,dw.k [kpZ 59960 68600 59960 68600 59960 68600
d mRiUu
1 foØh 0 0 5000 0 5000 0
cksdM 2500 2500*2 2500*2
'ksGh 2000 0 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 10*2000 10*2000 10*2000 10*2000 10*2000 10*2000
43
djMs u
2000@djMw
32
64000 10600 64000 10600 64000 10600
32*2000 52*2000 32*2000 52*2000 32*2000 52*2000 32 53 32 53 32 53
djMs u
1500@djMw
32
48000 79500 48000 79500 48000 79500
32*1500 53*1500 32*1500 53*1500 32*1500 53*1500 32 53 32 53 32 53
2 fjdkes iksrs
foØh @izfr
iksrs : 10@&
izek.ks
174 280 174 280 174 280
,dw.k mRiUu 96174 205708 137174 205708 137174 205708
M ,dw.k uQk 36214 137108 77214 137108 77214 137108
b fuOoG uQk 227906 52071 34216 63366 25595 40750
44
ijrQsM osGki=d
v-Ø- o"kZ [kpZ uQk 2&3 dtZ ijrQsM fuOoG
uQk
4&8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 96174 59960 36214 250110 30013 0 30013 6201
2 2057708 68600 137108 250110 30013 55024 85037 52071
3 137174 59960 77214 195086 23410 19508 42918 34296
4 205708 68600 137108 175578 21069 52673 73742 63366
5 137174 59960 77214 122905 14748 36871 51619 25595
6 205708 68600 137108 86034 10304 86034 96358 40750
mijksDr izdYi vgoky gk 50 'ksG;k o 2 cksdM brD;k {kersP;k 'ksGhikyu izdYikdfjrk uequk@
iFkn’khZ izdYi vgoky vkgs- 100 'ksG;k o 2 cksdM vFkok 500 'ksG;k o 25 cksdM {kerspk izdYi vgoky
r;kj djrkuk i'kq/kukP;k la[;suqlkj ojhy ifj.kkekae/;s ;ksX; rks cny dj.;kr ;kok-