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The views expressed in this paper/presentation are the views of the authorand do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the AsianDevelopment Bank (ADB), or its Board of Governors, or the governments

they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data includedin this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of theiruse. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB officialterms.

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Pakistan-Country

Presentation

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How comprehensive and

integrated are water policies inPakistan?

Significant progress has been made

National Drinking Water Policy (NDWP) and NationalSanitation Policy (NSP),NDWQS,CDWA etc

Various policies and program have been initiated.However, there is still need to integrate these policies

Canal and Drainage LawsWater User Association Laws

Legal Framework of participatory Irrigation Management

Scale 7

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Are water policies based on watersector assessment?

Yes, some of the policies are based onbroader scope of the sector

Scale 5

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Are there cross sectoral coordination

mechanisms such as a neutral sectorapex bodies that oversee policyformulation and reforms? How effective

are these mechanism?There is Water Council of Federal Government of Pakistan tomonitor the mechanisms of country water policy includingcoordination among provincial governments in respect of formulation / approval and implementation processCouncil of Common Interest (Constitutional Body)PCRWRDifferent Ministries/Departments are looking after various waterrelated policiesApex body is under discussion and considerationScale

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Are there water legislation and/or for following?

Yes/no How effective arethese policies (1-10)

Water Rights Yes, Water Accord 1991

Water as FundamentalRight (NDWP)

Scale 8

Quality Standards Yes. NSDWQ 2008 Scale 8Ground Water No 3

Demand Management Yes. Every agency is doing

DM in isolation. There isneed for integration

6

Resource Conservation Yes. Tariff / cost recoveryweak

6

Private sector Participation(PSP)

Partial. Technical only.However, there are there

6

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Are there water legislation and/orfor following?

Yes/no How effective arethese policies (1-

10)

Civil Society participation Yes 4

InstitutionalResponsibilities for watersector functions

Yes. Functions / responsibilities oforganization and individualsare addressed andinstitutional strengthening

has been started at Urbanlevel under technicalassistance of World Bank &ADB in Asia Pakistan.

7

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How comprehensive are water

resources assessments in riverbasin?

No effective river basin plan in place

WAPDA maintains the record / assessment of river basins available in the

country and entire data of flow / variationsround the year are recorded properly

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Are there river basinorganizations in Pakistan? Howeffective are these org?

Indus River System Authority

Water and Power Development AuthorityThese are the only two agencies dealingwith Indus River System Basin

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To what extent are water allocation,entitlements and usage rightsestablished using participatory and

negotiated approach?National Water Policy assigns first priority toDrinking water over the other priorities of agriculture,

industrial & hydropower etc. as clearly laid down inCountry Water Policy

Water Accord, 1991(Provincial Allocation)

There is need to define under ground water rights

Scale 5

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How autonomous and accountableare water service providers:

Rural water supply (TMA,PHED)

TMAs are body corporatePHED is not autonomous and not accountable to LocalGovernments

Urban water supplyWater Board, WASAs (Participation of CS)NSUSC-a corporate reform oriented initiative

Irrigation services

SIDAs/PIDAsArea Boards

Canal Boards

Farmers Associations

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To what extent do water users participate

to make services and service providersmore responsive and accountable tobeneficiaries, their need and ability to

pay?

In water sector state is policy maker, main watersupplier/service provider as well regulator. There isneed to streamline these functions and separatethem.

Users have limited direct participation

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To what extent are responsibilities turnedover to water users associations for:

Irrigation system O&M

35-40%WUAs-Area Boards, Canal Boards, Farmers Associations

Irrigation has largest concern in water consumption, yet itsperformance is not satisfactory as compared to other countries

For rural water supply O&MUnion Councils/TMA pays for O&M responsibilities

Rural Water users associations are not proactive

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To what extent are cost recoverytariffs applied?

Low cost recovery(<30 for Urban Water Supply)

Cost recovery is being encouraged

Efforts are being undertaken to have tariff recoveryregime

Subsidy and cross subsidy regime

Scale 6

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To what extent do water tariffs reward

conservation and penalize waste?

Tariffs need to rationalized

Metering to be encouraged

Low cost recovery

Scale 4

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Are there policies and practices that

effectively provide for explicit participationof the poor in water projects?

National Drinking Water Policy (NDWP) andNational Sanitation Policy (NSP) provides forparticipation of poor in water projects

New initiatives Like North Sindh Urban ServicesCorporation envisage Low Income Units to ensurepoor peoples’ participation in water projects.

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How effective are waterregulatory agencies?

Ministry of Environment

Pakistan Standards Quality ControlAuthority

PCRWRPakistan Standard Institute

Scale 5

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Are there programs to educate the industry

on the efficient use of water and the need forhigher prices for both water use and effluenttreatment and discharge? How effective are

these program?

Yes, National Policies and programs encourageprograms aimed to educate industry for efficient useof water. Efforts are being made to encourageindustry to treat industrial effluent

There is still need for more proactive programs

Scale 5

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Thank You