Verbos Con Cambios Radicales

8/3/2019 Verbos Con Cambios Radicales

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Sometimes called the root, the stem of averb is simply the verb without its infinitive

ending!What are the stems of the following verbs?

Leer =

Comer = Terminar =

Escribir =



Sometimes called the root, the stem of averb is simply the verb without its infinitive

ending!What are the stems of the following verbs?

Leer = le-

Comer = com- Terminar = termin-

Escribir = escrib-



You already know how to conjugate regular verbs:

1. Drop the infinitive ending to find the stem.hablar = habl-

2. Find your subject. Margarita y yo = nosotros

3. Add the ending that matches your subject tothe stem of the verb.Habl- + -amos = hablamos



Like the verb ´tenerµ from Spanish I, a stemchanging verb is just a verb that alters its

stem when it is conjugated.

tener (ella) = tiene

*note how just like a regular verb, theending changed when tener wasconjugated, but the stem, ten-, alsochanged.



In the back of your book, stem change verbs are listed intheir infinitive form, with the change the stem undergoesin parentheses following it.

When you do your vocabulary lists, it is important tocopy this notation down as well, to remember to makethe change.

Empezar (ie) this shows that the stem changes in frome to ie when the verb is conjugated

Jugar (ue) this shows that the stem changes from u toue when the verb is conjugated



Stem changing verbs use the same endingsas regular ²ar, -er, and ²ir verbs.

When conjugating, stem change verbsfunction almost exactly the same as regular

verbs, with one small added step ² thestem change!



Let·s try it with ´to beginµ or empezar(ie):

Step 1: Is the same as the first step for regular verbs! Just take off the infinitiveending and find the stem.

empezar empez-



Step 2: change the old stem to the new stem.

Since empezar is followed by (ie) we knowthat the vowel in the stem will change to (ie).

NOTE: THE STEM CHANGE TAKES PLACE IN ALLFORMS EXCEPT NOSOTROS AND VOSOTROS.THOSE STEMS REMAIN THE SAME.



yo empiez- nosotros empez-

tú empiez- vosotros empez-

él, ella,usted empiez- ellos, ellas,ustedes empiez-

The new stems:

NOTE AGAIN IN CASE YOU MISSED IT:THE STEM CHANGE TAKES PLACE IN ALLFORMS EXCEPT NOSOTROS ANDVOSOTROS. THOSE STEMS REMAIN THESAME.



Step 3: Now the easy part! Just add theregular verb endings to your new stem andyou·re done!

yo empiezo nosotros empezamos

tú empiezas vosotros empezáis

él, ella,usted

empieza ellos, ellas,ustedes

empiezan

NOTE ONE MORE TIME TO BE SURE:

THE STEM CHANGE TAKES PLACE IN

ALL FORMS EXCEPT NOSOTROS AND

VOSOTROS. THOSE STEMS REMAIN

THE SAME.



You already know empezar(ie). Now let·slearn the rest of the e ie stem change

verbs from this chapter!comenzar(ie) to begin

perder(ie) to lose

preferir (ie) to prefer *the stem change happens in the second

syllable of the stem



yo nosotros

tú vosotros

él, ella,usted

ellos, ellas,ustedes



yo comienzo nosotros comenzamos

tú comienzas vosotros comenzáis

él, ella, usted comienza ellos, ellas,ustedes

comienzan



In your notes, list all of the conjugations for preferir(ie) and perder(ie).



Now let·s move on to the o ue stemchangers.

Volver (ue) to return (a person)

Devolver (ue) to return (an object)

Poder (ue) to be able to ² ´tocanµ

Dormir (ue) to sleep



yo vuelvo nosotros volvemos

tú vuelves vosotros volvéis

él, ella,

usted

vuelve ellos, ellas,

ustedes

vuelven



Our last stem changer is jugar, the only u

ue stem changer we have in this chapter.

jugar(ue) to play

Conjugate jugar in your notes.



Stem change verbs are often called bootverbs because when you draw a line

around all of the forms that have a stemchange (which are all forms exceptnosotros and vosotros, in case you·veforgotten), it looks a little like a boot.



Change ALL the stems

EXCEPT FOR NOSOTROS ANDVOSOTROS!

Verbos Con Cambios Radicales

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