Unidad de aprendizaje: Inglés I · Web viewUnidad de aprendizaje: Inglés I Prof. María Leticia...

Unidad de aprendizaje: Inglés IProf. María Leticia Quintero Rosales

Introducción.

En esta unidad empezaremos por ver lo básico de inglés como es el alfabeto, números y colores,

vocabulario de la vida cotidiana, para poder adentrarnos al tema de la unidad donde aprenderemos

la forma más básica de comunicación mediante saludos y agradecimientos. Diferenciando en que

situaciones podemos utilizar cierto lenguaje tal y como ocurre en el idioma español, e ir avanzando

poco a poco con práctica y poder llegar al objetivo final:

“Resuelve sus necesidades comunicativas básicas utilizando expresiones y frases sencillas en inglés, en forma oral y escrita, en contextos sociales formales e

informales”.

Tema(s):

Primer Periodo

Examen diagnostico

Alfabeto

Números ordinales y cardinales

Expresiones de Cortesía de manera formal e informal, Presentaciones. (Greetings and

Introductions)

Subject Pronouns

Wh questions

Object Pronouns

Possessive Pronouns

Verb to be. Affirmative, Negative, Questions

Nombre de la unidad

didáctica

Competencia particular

Expresiones de Cortesía Utiliza expresiones comunes de cortesía, formales e informales, para saludar, despedirse y/o presentarse.


Can / can’t ( abilities and permissions)

Vocabulary (colors, adjectives, jobs and occupations, daily life stuffs)

1. Los alumnos del grupo 1IM8 se registrarán en la plataforma Edmodo

Link : https://edmo.do/j/z4r6u6

https://edmo.do/j/z4r6u6


Es muy importante que tú registro en la plataforma sea como sigue:

Nombre: empezando Por Apellido Paterno, Materno y Nombre (s) , tal y

como aparece en listas.

Colocar una Foto de perfil a color

También debes tener un cuaderno para la materia, donde anotaras lo interesante o

relevante de la clase y donde harás algunas de las tareas, procura tener un espacio

para estudiar de manera aislada en medida de lo posible y seguir tu horario escolar,

¡¡¡Recuerda que en esos momentos estas en clase!!!

Y por último pero no menos importante lee acerca de los temas previo a la clase para

que sea un aprendizaje del alumno, expresa tus dudas con confianza.

Desarrollo del contenido, Actividades y/o ejercicios.

2. TEMAS Y TAREASI. GREETINGS AND INTRODUCTIONS (Saludos, despedidas y Presentaciones).

GREETINGS AND INTRODUCTIONS

Greetings *Hello, …/ Hi, … Good morning/ afternoon/ evening/ night. =Buenos días/tardes/noches

Hello-Formal/ Hi-informal

Evening-empezando la noche o cuando llegas y Night-avanzada la noche o despedida.

Good/ Nice to see you again. = Gusto en verte de nuevo

I’m glad/ happy/ pleased to see you.= Me da gusto/complace/estoy feliz de verte

How are you? = Como estas?

Fine, thanks. And you? = Bien gracias, y tu?

How have you been? - Very well. And you? =Como has

estado? Muy bien, y tu?

How are things? - Not too bad, thanks.= Como van

las cosas? Más o menos, gracias.

How is your girlfriend ? - She’s/He’s/ They’re fine. = Como

esta/estan tu(s) ____?

Bien= Fine/ Good/ Ok.

Muy Bien= Very Good/ Very well/ Excellent/ great/ terrific.

Más ó menos= so-so/ not too bad.

Mal= Bad/ Terrible/ Horrible/ Not so good.


Introductions

Introducing oneself =presentándose a si mismo

May/ Can I introduce myself? = Permítame/ Déjeme presentarme:

Can es muy informal solo se ocupa en casa o con amigos.

My name’s Peter Gomez/ Let me introduce myself. My name’s _______ ________.

Permitame presentarme Name last name*1

*En este nivel deben dar Nombre (uno solo) y apellido paterno, siempreI’d like to introduce myself. I’m ______ ______. =Me gustaría presentarme, soy___ ___

I don’t think we’ve met. I’m _____ _______ . =Creo que no nos conocemos soy___

___.

Introducing someone else (Presentando a alguien mas) Can/ May I introduce a good friend of mine?=Puedo presentarle a un buen amigo?

This is _____ _____ .= Él/Ella es ___ ___.

These are______. = Ellos(as) son____ ____.

Have you met ____ ____ ? = Conoces a ____ ____.?

I’d like you to meet ____ ____. =Me gustaría presentarte a ____ ____.

I want you to meet ___ ____ .= Quisiera que conociera(s) a ____ ____.

Making contact Contactando a alguien.

Excuse me, are you Mrs/ Mr/ Miss ____? - Yes, that’s right. = Disculpe es usted ___

___.

Mr.= Sr / Mrs= Señora / Miss= Señorita /Ms= Seño.Hello, you must be Mrs … . = Usted debe ser ____ ___.

You are Mr …, aren’t you? =Ustedes ___ ___/Tú eres ___ ___.

Have we met? = Has conocido a ___ ___?/ Conoces a ___ ___.

How do you do? Nice to meet you. =Como le/ te va? Gusto en conocerle

Nice to meet you, too. Please, call me … . =Gusto en conocerle también, pero dime___.


Then you must call me … . = Y usted/ tú dime ___.

How are you doing?/ How you doing? =Como te va?/ Que tal?

Good-byes (despedidas)Good bye/ Bye/ I’ll say good bye. = Adios.

See you later/ See you soon. = Te veo luego.

LINK para estudiar

https://englishpost.org/greetings-and-introductions/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sp3xU5WvRjA

Tarea= Task: de la información escrita y video hacer un cuadro Sinóptico de Greetings and Introductions, EN INGLÉS, en el cuaderno.Links para practicar Listenings acerca del tema:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m9Cda9xyMr0https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C0eu8OQ-cfQ

Alphabet

Lo más importante de aprender el alfabeto en inglés es su pronunciación, ya que debemos

aprender a distinguir sonidos para poder deletrear las palabras y lo mas interesante para

poder deletrear los nombres y apellidos, por tanto pondré una imagen para que veas como

sería un sonido aproximado al español de su pronunciación en inglés.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C0eu8OQ-cfQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m9Cda9xyMr0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sp3xU5WvRjA

https://englishpost.org/greetings-and-introductions/


Además aquí te dejo un video para que escuches la pronunciación en inglés:

Alphabet Pronunciation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AIMrS6kC000

Posteriormente encontrarás algunos ejercicios para poder practicar tanto la escritura de

ciertos sustantivos como el deletreado de nombres y apellidos.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AIMrS6kC000


Numbers in EnglishEnglish Vocabulary

There are two main types of numbers:

Cardinal Numbers - 1 (one), 2 (two) etc. (Used mainly for counting)

Ordinal Numbers - 1st (first), 2nd (second) etc. (Used mainly for putting things in a sequence)

Cardinal NumbersCardinal numbers are normally used when you:

count things: I have two brothers. There are thirty-one days in January. give your age: I am thirty-three years old. My sister is twenty-seven years old. give your telephone number: Our phone number is two-six-three, three-eight-four-seven. (481-2240) give years: She was born in nineteen seventy-five (1975). America was discovered in fourteen ninety-two

Notice how we divide the year into two parts. This is the form for year up to 1999. For the year 2000 and on, we say two thousand (2000), two thousand and one (2001), two thousand and two (2002) etc.

Ordinal NumbersYou can normally create Ordinal numbers by adding -TH to the end of a Cardinal Number.

Ordinal numbers are normally used when you:

give a date: My birthday is on the 27th of January. (Twenty-seventh of January) put things in a sequence or order: Liverpool came second in the football league last year. give the floor of a building: His office is on the tenth floor. have birthdays: He had a huge party for his twenty-first birthday. refer to centuries: Shakespeare was born in the 16th century.

For the name of a king or queen in written English, Roman numerals are used = Henry VIIIbut in Spoken English you would say Henry the Eighth.

Numbers from 1 to 100 in English Cardinal15 May, 2014 | Learn English

https://www.woodwardenglish.com/topics/learn-english/


We created this chart so that you can use it as a quick reference guide whenever you are writing numbers.


Remember that you need to use a hyphen (-) to join the two parts of numbers between 21 and 99.

(Though native speakers sometimes leave it out because they don’t realize it is needed)

You will notice I added some of the larger numbers too (hundred, thousand, million).

I recommend reading about the difference between million and millions and when you should (and should NOT) put

an S at the end of the word. This same rules apply when talking about hundreds and thousands so make sure you

know about it.

We have written more details about all numbers in English, both cardinal and ordinal numbers, as well as Fractions

and Decimals here: Numbers in English

If you would like to practice these numbers then try the following games:

Numbers from 1-100 in English

Numbers Spelling Game

We also have a page about how to say telephone numbers in English.

Numbers pronunciation link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iNU1ILy63Wc

Ordinal Numbers

Ordinal numbers pronunciation link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rBycKGkHVpY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rBycKGkHVpY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iNU1ILy63Wc

https://www.vocabulary.cl/Basic/Telephone_Numbers.htm

https://www.vocabulary.cl/Games/Spelling/Numbers.htm

https://www.vocabulary.cl/Games/Numbers_1-100.htm

https://www.vocabulary.cl/Basic/Numbers.htm

https://www.woodwardenglish.com/million-or-millions/


The Number 0We normally say 'zero' for the number '0'.

BUT when we give our telephone number, we often say O like the name of the letter O.

e.g. 505-1023 = five-O-five, one-O-two-three

See our page about telephone numbers in English

Fractions and DecimalsWe use ordinal numbers (at the end position) to talk about fractions.

1/2 - a half 1/3 - a third 2/3 - two thirds 1/4 - a quarter (a fourth) 3/4 - three quarters (three fourths) 1/5 - a fifth 2/5 - two fifths 1/6 - a sixth 5/6 - five sixths 1/7 - a seventh 1/8 - an eighth 1/10 - a tenth 7/10 - seven tenths 1/20 - a twentieth 47/100 - forty-seven hundredths 1/100 - a hundredth 1/1,000 - a thousandth

Notice that for 1/4, you can say a quarter OR a fourth.

IF we have a whole number with a fraction, we use the word AND between the two parts.e.g. 2 3/5 = two and a three-fifths

For parts of whole numbers, we use a decimal point (and NOT a comma).e.g. 2 1/2 (two and a half) = 2.5 (two point five)

If there is more than one number after the decimal point, we say each number individually.e.g. 3,456.789 = three thousand, four hundred and fifty-six point seven eight nine.

The exception to this rule is when we are talking about dollars and cents (or pound and pence)e.g. $21.95 = twenty-one dollars, ninety-five (cents). Saying the word cents at the end is optional.

Next ActivitiesGAMES: Try our interactive GAME about the numbers from 1-100 in English or our Numbers Spelling Game.

VIDEOS: See our Numbers from 1-10, Numbers from 1-100 and Ordinal Numbers in English Video.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rBycKGkHVpY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dNP6L6y7ZEM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4B9pcfQv1Xs

https://www.vocabulary.cl/Games/Spelling/Numbers.htm

https://www.vocabulary.cl/Games/Numbers_1-100.htm

https://www.vocabulary.cl/Basic/Telephone_Numbers.htm


We have just created a chart of the main colors in English which will be useful for students just beginning to learn English.

You can find more about colors here: Colors in English. (Includes a newer updated version of this chart).Also discover the difference between Color and Colour as well as between Gray and Grey.You will also find a list of typical things associated with each color.What’s your favorite color?

http://www.vocabulary.cl/Basic/Colours.htm


More colors

Link para escuchar pronunciación de colores: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9p7BI_HNmHo

Nouns=Sustantivos

Como podrás ver a continuación presentaremos los sustantivos tanto en inglés como en español hay

sustantivos propios y comunes, y entonces en los sustantivos propios sabemos que siempre se

escriben con mayúscula al principio, mientras que los sustantivos comunes no llevan mayúscula al

principio de se escritura, a menos que empiecen la oración. Pero mucho ojo el pronombre “I” siempre

va en mayúscula en cualquier parte de la oración.

Singular and Plural Nouns

Making Plural Nouns in English:

It’s more than just adding s!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9p7BI_HNmHo


You surely know that in order to change a singular noun to its plural form in English, you usually add

s. But there are many cases where this is not the case. This review will lead you through the more

important grammar rules you should know in order to improve your English writing and avoid

mistakes in turning singular nouns to their plural form.

Remember that only count-nouns actually have plural forms. Count-nouns represent items that exist

in separated units you can count, such as apples, songs, or children. Non-count nouns represent

items existing as a mass, such as powders and liquids ( sand, water) or concepts ( honesty,

economics). In addition, unlike a singular count-noun that must have at least a/an as a determiner

( This is an apple), plural count nouns can appear without a determiner ( I like apples).

There may be accepted alternative spellings to the general rules presented below, so when in doubt,

consult a dictionary. If a noun adds anything but a simple s to make the plural, then most dictionaries

will show the special/ alternative plural forms. For example, a mango – mangos/ mangoes, and a

scarf – scarfs/ scarves.

Spelling Rules for Adding the Plural S to Singular Nouns

• The general plurals rule: Usually add the letter s to the end of a singular noun to make it plural.

I’ll take this book; you can use those books over there.

We have one bedroom on the first floor and three more bedrooms on the second.

• In compound nouns, add s only to the main noun.

This family uses one air- conditioner and one washing machine . Their neighbors use three air-

conditioners and two washing machines .

I have one son-in-law; my friend Frieda has three sons-in-law.


• Add es to a noun ending with a whistling sound ( s,sh,ch,x,z) to make it plural.

one bus – three buses, a church – many churches, a box – boxes, a buzz – buzzes

• If the singular noun ends with a consonant + y, drop the y, replace with an i and add es. Don’t drop

the y, if the y is preceded by a vowel.

Yes: one city – two cities, a baby – babies, a country – countries

No: a toy – toys, a day – days

Note: If the noun ending with a y represents a person or a country, add only s in any case.

John F. Kennedy was the most famous of the Kennedys. In 1963, he didn’t visit the two Germanys

after giving his speech in West-Berlin.

• If the singular noun ends with a consonant + o, add es. If the o is preceded by a vowel, only add s to

make the plural form.

Yes: a potato – five potatoes, a hero – heroes, an echo – echoes

No: a radio – radios, a studio – studios, a kangaroo – kangaroos

Irregular Noun Plurals

1. Singular Nouns Ending with f/fe

• Some nouns ending with f, fe, drop this ending and add ves to make the plural form. There may be

alternative spelling.

Yes : a knife – knives, one half – two halves, my life – their lives, a wolf – wolves.

No : one roof – roofs, a cliff – many cliffs, a safe – safes


Both : a dwarf – the seven dwarfs/ dwarves, one wharf – a few wharfs/ wharves

2. Unique Old English Plural Nouns

• These nouns have unique plural forms that survived from Old English. Learn them well according to

the following groups, as they are in common use.

a man – men

a woman – women

(Plural pronounced /wimen/)

a person -- people a foot – feet

a goose – geese

a tooth – teeth

a child – children

an ox – oxen (castrated bulls)

a brother – brethren (in church orders), brothers (in a family) a mouse – mice

a louse – lice

a die – dice (for playing games)

3. One Form for Singular & Plural

• Many nouns have identical forms for both singular and plural.

a sheep – sheep, a deer – deer, a moose – moose

a fish – fish (fishes, if used for different species of fish)

a dozen – two dozen roses, a hundred – several hundred men

( but: dozens of roses, hundreds of people)

Special Singular - Plural Cases


1. Plural-Only Nouns

• Some nouns only have a plural form, ending with s or without.

The police are looking for the robbers.

I like these pants / jeans / shorts.

Use either scissors or nail clippers.

Binoculars ar stronger than any glasses.

• Other nouns ending with s only have a plural form only with certain meanings.

customs (at the airport, not practices), guts (courage, not intestines)

quarters (lodgings, not 1/4s), clothes (garments, not fabrics)

goods (merchandise, not the opposite of bad), arms (weapons, not limb)

2. Singular Nouns with an S Ending

Watch out!

• Some nouns end with s but are usually singular. They take a singular verb with an s ending in the

Present Simple.

diseases: measles, rabies.

fields of study and occupation: economics, ethics, linguistics, politics, physics, gymnastics.

games: dominoes, darts, cards

I study mathematics, which is very difficult. Dominoes is my favorite pastime.

• Some nouns have an identical form for singular and plural that both end with s.


barracks, means, headquarters, crossroads,

a TV series – many TV series,

Money is a means to an end.

Newspapers and TV are means of mass-communication.

There is one species of humans but many species of cats.

3. Plural Nouns from Other Languages

As English has constantly borrowed words from other languages throughout its history, there are

many nouns with plural endings taken from the source language. Some of these, notably Latin and

classical Greek nouns, have been anglicized and may also have an English plural s ending.

Others have both forms, where the original is used in formal language or by specialists, while the

anglicized is for more common use. Some of these are now almost only known or used in the plural

form, which is treated as singular for subject-verb agreement (third person verb with s in the Present

Simple). In the table below, the more common forms are underlined.

Lee la explicación y resuelve el ejercicio.


II. Present of Verb “to be”El verbo To Be es la forma del infinitivo del verbo y se traduce como: SER O ESTAR, por

lo tanto es un verbo descriptivo, porque nos da características de las personas ya sea

físicas o de carácter o nos sitúa en un lugar.

Sus uso más común es para hablar de nombres: I’m Martha; la edad: I´m 16.;

sentimientos: I´m happy; Nacionalidades: I’m Mexican; Profesiones: I’m a Teacher y por

supuesto para describirnos en un lugar: I’m in the Park./ I’m at school.

Tabla 1.

Como pueden ver en la imagen anterior, tabla 1, cada pronombre personal se acompaña

del verbo to be, en este caso en presente, y este puede estar en forma larga o corta:

am = ‘m; is = ‘s ; are = ‘re, como se puede ver en los ejemplos.


Tabla 2

Y como se ve en la tabla 2, existen tres formas de hacer oraciones en afirmativo, negativo

e interrogativo. La primera línea dice así:

I am _tall/ 16/ in the park__ = Yo soy alto/ Yo tengo 16/ Yo estoy en el parque.

LINK TO STUDY

https://www.oxfordonlineenglish.com/verb-be

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9p-_NhWuuZQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJC_tm28EoA

TASK: Elaborar un Mapa Conceptual acerca de la información del Verb “To Be”, en Inglés, en el cuaderno.

Adjectives

Los adjetivos al igual que el español, nos dan características físicas, opinión, de carácter, etc.,

presta atención a la siguiente explicación y después descarga la lista de adjetivos a tu

cuaderno.

What Are Adjectives?

Adjectives are words that describe the qualities or states of being of nouns: enormous,

doglike, silly, yellow, fun, fast. They can also describe the quantity of nouns: many, few,

millions, eleven.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJC_tm28EoA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9p-_NhWuuZQ

https://www.oxfordonlineenglish.com/verb-be


Adjectives Modify Nouns

Most students learn that adjectives are words that modify (describe) nouns. Adjectives do

not modify verbs or adverbs or other adjectives.

Margot wore a beautiful hat to the pie-eating contest.

Furry dogs may overheat in the summertime.

My cake should have sixteen candles.

The scariest villain of all time is Darth Vader.

In the sentences above, the adjectives are easy to spot because they come immediately

before the nouns they modify.

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But adjectives can do more than just modify nouns. They can also act as a complement to

linking verbs or the verb to be. A linking verb is a verb like to feel, to seem, or to taste that

describes a state of being or a sensory experience.

That cow sure is happy.

It smells gross in the locker room.

Driving is faster than walking.

The technical term for an adjective used this way is predicate adjective.

Uses of Adjectives

Adjectives tell the reader how much—or how many—of something you’re talking about,

which thing you want passed to you, or which kind of something you want.

Please use three white flowers in the arrangement.

Three and white are modifying flowers.


Often, when adjectives are used together, you should separate them with a comma or

conjunction. See “Coordinate Adjectives” below for more detail.

I’m looking for a small, good-tempered dog to keep as a pet.

My new dog is small and good-tempered.

Aqui tienes una lista muy corta de algunos adjetivos y su significado, además de aparecer

en el orden en el que deben estar en una oración.

Aquí te dejo el Link: para descargar una pequeña lista de adjetivos por categorías:

http://www.novamil.org/sites/novamil.org/files/adjectives_list.pdf

http://www.novamil.org/sites/novamil.org/files/adjectives_list.pdf


III. PRONOUNS SUBJECT PRONOUN (PERSONAL PRONOUNS)Los pronombres personales son aquellos que sustituyen a los sujetos que ejecutan la

acción, en inglés son siempre los que van al principio de la oración y al igual que en

español, sustituyen tanto a los nombres propios, como comunes. Y pueden ser usados

desde la primera oración, o en una segunda cuando hablamos del mismo sujeto.

Personal Pronoun Traducción EspañolI Yo

you Usted/ Túhe Élshe Ellait eso/esa/esto/esta

we nosotrosyou ustedes

theyellos/ ellas/ esos/

esas

Nota: El pronombre personal I siempre va en mayúscula, mientras que los otros

pronombres personales solo lo hacen si comienzan la oración.

Ejemplos:

I am a Teacher

Daniel is a teacher. He is Tall. He is at school now.

Mary is pretty. She is single. = She’s pretty and single

They are at the park. = They’re at the park.


You are intelligent. = Tú eres inteligente / Ustedes son inteligentes.

OBJECT PRONOUN (PRONOMBRES DESPUÉS DEL VERBO)

Son aquellos que sufren la acción del verbo y generalmente se sitúan después del

verbo o de una preposición:

Ejemplos:

Miguel ama a Raquel = Miguel loves Raquel = He loves her.

Ellos odian el soccer. They hate soccer. = They hate it .

Examples

I like horses. Subject PronounHorses don't like me. Object PronounWe talk to our neighbour. Subject PronounShe talks to us. Object PronounThey listen to the teacher. Subject PronounShe listens to them carefully. Object PronounYou speak very quickly. Subject Pronoun

Personal Pronoun

Traducción Español

Object Pronoun

Traducción Español

I Yo me a miyou Usted/ Tú you a usted/ ti he Él him a élshe Ella her a ella

iteso/esa/esto/

estait a eso (a)

we nosotros us a nosotrosyou ustedes you a ustedes

theyellos/ ellas/ esos/

esasthem a ellos/

ellas/esos/esas


We watch you on TV. Object Pronoun

LINK:

https://vimeo.com/293690788

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XMt64yp_R6A

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XUIL5mFH5y4

TASK: Elaborar Mapa Mental (imágenes y conceptos) de los pronombres en inglés en el cuaderno

IV. COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES

El siguiente link para que estudien lo correspondiente a Países y nacionalidades y anexo lista del

mismo para que la impriman y peguen en el cuaderno anexo les envió ejercicios que imprimirán de la

página 1 a 18, en blanco y negro, para que las resuelvan y las lleven en un folder azul, que será

nuestro portafolio de evidencias.

La pregunta clave aquí es:

Where are you from? = De donde eres? (País)

I’m from Poland/ México/Spain. I’m polish/Mexican/Spanish

He’s/She’s from__________

They’re/you’re from________.

Donde las contracciones corresponden al verbo to be.

Countries & NationalitiesEnglish VocabularyThe word 'Nationality' is not often used in spoken English. It is a formal and official word and it appears more frequently in written English. You will find the word 'Nationality' is used a lot in the travel industry and for immigration.

We almost never say: What is your nationality?

We usually say: Where are you from? OR Where do you come from?

To tell someone your nationality you DON'T say: My nationality is Chilean.

You say: I'm Chilean

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XUIL5mFH5y4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XMt64yp_R6A

https://vimeo.com/293690788


Singular Plural

Country Countries

NationalityNationalities

Links para estudio.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZwSmUux1ZSg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NJVV1LDt2hE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NJVV1LDt2hE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZwSmUux1ZSg


List of Countries, Nationalities and their LanguagesBelow is a list of countries with the appropriate nationality. The Language that appears is the main language that is spoken in the country. We have not included all the languages that they may speak in that country.

Country Nationality(Adjective)

Nationailty(Noun) Language

Afghanistan Afghan an Afghan Dari (Persian) - Pashto

Albania Albanian an Albanian Albanian

Algeria Algerian an Algerian Arabic

ArgentinaArgentineArgentinian

an Argentinean Argentinian

Spanish

Australia Australian an Australian English

Austria Austrian an Austrian German

Bangladesh Bangladeshi a Bangladeshi Bengali

Belgium Belgian a Belgian French / Flemish

Bolivia Bolivian a Bolivian Spanish

Botswana Batswana a Botswanan English, Setswana

Brazil Brazilian a Brazilian Portuguese

Bulgaria Bulgarian a Bulgarian Bulgarian

Cambodia Cambodian a Cambodian Cambodian

CameroonCameroonian

a Cameroonian French / English

Canada Canadian a Canadian English / French

Chile Chilean a Chilean Spanish

China Chinese a Chinese person Chinese

Colombia * Colombian a Colombian Spanish

Costa Rica Costa Rican a Costa Rican Spanish


Croatia Croatian a Croat Croatian

Cuba Cuban a Cuban Spanish

Czech Republic Czech a Czech person Czech

Denmark Danish a Dane Danish

Dominican Republic Dominican a Dominican Spanish

Ecuador Ecuadorian an Ecuadorian Spanish

Egypt Egyptian an Egyptian Arabic

El Salvador Salvadorian a Salvadoran Spanish

England Englishan Englishmanan Englishwoman

English

Estonia Estonian an Estonian Estonian

Ethiopia Ethiopian an Ethiopian Amharic

Fiji Fijian a Fijian English, Fijian

Finland Finnish a Finn Finnish

France Frencha Frenchmana Frenchwoman

French

Germany German a German German

Ghana Ghanaian a Ghanaian English

Greece Greek a Greek Greek

Guatemala Guatemalan a Guatemalan Spanish

Haiti Haitian a Haitian French / Creole

Honduras Honduran a Honduran Spanish

Hungary Hungarian a Hungarian Hungarian

Iceland Icelandic an Icelander Icelandic


India Indian an Indian Hindi / English

Indonesia Indonesian an Indonesian Indonesian

Iran Iranian an Iranian Persian

Iraq Iraqi an Iraqi Arabic, Kurdish

Ireland Irishan Irishmanan Irishwoman

Irish / English

Israel Israeli an Israeli Hebrew

Italy Italian an Italian Italian

Jamaica Jamaican a Jamaican English

Japan Japanese a Japanese person Japanese

Jordan Jordanian a Jordanian Arabic

Kenya Kenyan a Kenyan Swahili

Kuwait Kuwaiti a Kuwaiti Arabiv

Laos Lao a Laotain Laotian

Latvia Latvian a Latvian Latvian

Lebanon Lebanese a Lebanese Arabic

Libya Libyan a Libyan Arabic

Lithuania Lithuanian a Lithuanian Lithuanian

Madagascar Malagasy a Malagasy Malagasy / French

Malaysia Malaysian a Malaysian Malay / Malaysian

Mali Malian a Malian French

Malta Maltese a Maltese English, Maltese

Mexico Mexican a Mexican Spanish

Mongolia Mongolian a Mongolian Mongolian


Morocco Moroccan a Moroccan Arabic / French

Mozambique Mozambican a Mozambican Portuguese

Namibia Namibian a Nambian English

Nepal Nepalese a Nepalese Nepali, English

Netherlands Dutcha Dutchmana Dutchwoman

Dutch

New Zealand New Zealand a New Zealander English / Maori

Nicaragua Nicaraguan a Nicaraguan Spanish

Nigeria Nigerian a Nigerian English

Norway Norwegian a Norwegian Norwegian

Pakistan Pakistani a Pakistani Urdu, English

Panama Panamanian a Panamanian Spanish

Paraguay Paraguayan a Paraguayan Spanish

Peru Peruvian a Peruvian Spanish

Philippines Philippine a Filipino Tagalog / Filipino

Poland Polish a Pole Polish

Portugal Portuguese a Portuguese person Portuguese

Romania Romanian a Romanian Romanian

Russia Russian a Russian Russian

Saudi Arabia Saudi a Saudi (Arabian) Arabic

Scotland Scottish a Scot English

Senegal Senegalesea Senegalese person

French

Serbia Serbian a Serbian Serbian

Singapore Singaporean a Singaporean English, Malay, Mandarin, Tamil


Slovakia Slovak a Slovak Slovak

South Africa South African a South African Afrikaans, English, + 9 more

South Korea Korean a Korean Korean

Spain Spanish a Spaniard Spanish

Sri Lanka Sri Lankan a Sri Lankan Sinhala, Tamil

Sudan Sudanese a Sudanese person Arabic, English

Sweden Swedish a Swede Swedish

Switzerland Swiss a Swiss personGerman, French, Italian, Romansh

Syria Syrian a Syrian Arabic

Taiwan Taiwanese a Taiwanese person Chinese

Tajikistan Tajikistani a Tajikistani Tajik (Persian)

Thailand Thai a Thai person Thai

Tonga Tongan a Tongan English, Tongan

Tunisia Tunisian a Tunisian Arabic

Turkey Turkish a Turk Turkish

Ukraine Ukrainian a Ukranian Ukrainian

United Arab Emirates Emirati an Emirati Arabic

(The) United Kingdom British a Brit English

(The) United States American ** an American English

Uruguay Uruguayan a Uruguayan Spanish

Venezuela Venezuelan a Venezuelan Spanish

Vietnam Vietnamese a Vietnamese person Vietnamese

Wales Welsh a Welshman Welsh / English


a Welshwoman

Zambia Zambian a Zambian English

Zimbabwe Zimbabwean a Zimbabwean 16 languages

* NOTE: Colombia is the correct spelling of the country and not "Columbia".

** You will notice that people from United States have the nationality 'American'. Some people from other parts of the American continent (especially Central and South America) tend not to like the word American for people from the United States. You will find that they will call them North American.

What next?Try our interactive games about Nationalities and Languages.

Practice your Vocabulary with our interactive Hangman Game which includes 100 different countries (great for spelling).

Links para ejercicios: https://www.vocabulary.cl/english-games/nationality.htm

https://www.vocabulary.cl/Hangman/Countries.htm

http://www.bridgets-english-pages.com/lapagedes6emes/work-on-words-flag-nationalities.pdf

Links:

https://www.vocabulary.cl/Basic/Nationalities.htm

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v8fTedaae4o

V. Indefinite Article: a/ an.

Los artículos indefinidos, a/an, son usados cuando nos referimos a cualquier cosa o sujeto,

siempre en singular y a diferencia del español No proporciona género, se uso corresponde a las

siguientes reglas:

a) Se utiliza “a” cuando la palabra que le sigue comienza con consonante o sonido de

consonante en inglés.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v8fTedaae4o

https://www.vocabulary.cl/Basic/Nationalities.htm

http://www.bridgets-english-pages.com/lapagedes6emes/work-on-words-flag-nationalities.pdf

https://www.vocabulary.cl/Hangman/Countries.htm

https://www.vocabulary.cl/english-games/nationality.htm


Ejemplo: a car a house (jaus) a Doctor

but a university (yuniversiti) Sonido de consonante.

b) Se utiliza “an” con vocal o sonido de vocal.

Ejemplo: an office an apple an animal

but an hour (auar) Sonido de vocal

En general siempre que en inglés nos refiramos a un solo sustantivo deberemos tener el artículo “a

or an”, y NO da el género como en español los artículos.

Por tanto su significado es: Un / Uno / Una.

Por otra parte el Definite Article “the” se utiliza cuando son sustantivos plurales y singulares en caso de querer hacerlos específicos, y tampoco sustituye al artículo en español (el, la, los, etc.).

LINKS:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HwLujpVeUBU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6As5OTWMlM

Hacer los ejercicios que se indican en el siguiente link (juego) y tomar captura de pantalla del final, que pegaran en el cuaderno indicando el tema al que corresponden y hacer el ejercicio que se anexa.

https://www.eslgamesplus.com/a-an-the-spin/

http://www.eslgamesworld.com/members/games/grammar/New_Snakes_%20Ladders/Articles.html

VI. Modal Auxiliar CAN / CAN’T / CANNOT

CAN es uno de los verbos modales más comúnmente usados en Inglés, lo utilizamos para expresar

habilidad para hacer algo, para hacer peticiones u ofrecimientos, para dar o negar permisos y para

mostrar posibilidad o imposibilidad de una situación. SIEMPRE DE MANERA INFORMAL.

http://www.eslgamesworld.com/members/games/grammar/New_Snakes_%20Ladders/Articles.html

https://www.eslgamesplus.com/a-an-the-spin/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6As5OTWMlM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HwLujpVeUBU


Al ser un verbo modal entra dentro del Tiempo Presente Simple por lo que al ser CAN un verbo

modal este funciona como su propio auxiliar y se necesita un verbo después del mismo para poder

expresar la acción.

La expresión negativa tiene tres formas de escritura: can not, cannot y la forma corta can’t. Mientras

que para empezar la pregunta y como ya se dijo anteriormente, es su propio auxiliar, se comienza

con Can, conservando las mayúsculas donde corresponde.

ESTRUCTURA:

Afirmative) Sujeto+ can+ Verb simple form+ Complement.

Ejemplo : Adrian can swim very well.

You can go to the party.

Y como pueden observar no hay verbos en terceras personas.

Negative) Sujeto + can’t/ cannot/ cannot+ Verb simple form +complement

They can’t drive a car, they are too young,

Interrogative:

Short Form) Can + Sujeto+ Verb simple form + Complement?

Yes, Sujeto + can. // No, sujeto+can’t.

Ejemplo: Can you cook? Yes, we can. // No, we can’t.

Long form) Wh + can+ sujeto+ Verb simple form+Complement?

Where can we play soccer?

LINKS para estudiar:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SeLYwHeOodM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rB4GnEBoqKY

TASK: Elaborar un mapa conceptual del tema, en su cuaderno y en inglés.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rB4GnEBoqKY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SeLYwHeOodM


VII. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS AND GENITIVE CASE (‘s).

1. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

Un Pronombre Posesivo es una parte de la oración que implica posesión de algo o alguien

porque también indica la relación entre personas. Como cualquier otro pronombre este

sustituye al sujeto o a la frase. Hay dos tipos de pronombres posesivos:

a) Los Adjetivos Posesivos, que son como su nombre lo dice son adjetivos, porque van

antes de los sustantivos y que van al principio de la oración con el sustantivo o en el

complemento.

Ejemplo: My car is at home.

The car is in my house.

b) Los Pronombres Posesivos son aquellos que también indican posesión pero a

diferencia de los anteriores estos van al final de la oración donde después del

pronombre ya no va nada; o contesta a la pregunta “whose” (de quien es).

Ejemplo: Whose car is that? It’s mine. Or That is my car.

The new car outside is mine/ yours/ hers/ etc.


LINKS: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=10z8yyjVPDA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=obgsPU76rLE

2. ‘s (GENITIVE CASE)

Tambíen llamado el Possessive Case, este hace referencia a la pertenencia o relación

entre personas y o cosas, utilizando un apostrofe (‘) y la “s”.

Ejemplo: Woodward’s house, Your brother’s friend.

Subject Object

Possessive adjective

Possessive pronoun

I me my mine

you you your yours

he him his his

she her her hers

it it its -

we us our ours

they them their theirs

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=obgsPU76rLE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=10z8yyjVPDA


Normalmente usamos el ‘s con personas, animales, con lugares, organizaciones y compañías,

siempre que sugieran a un grupo de personas. No es común usar el ‘s con cosas inanimadas.

Lo anterior basado en las siguientes reglas:

a) Singular nouns. Sustantivos singulars se agrega ‘s.

Ejemplos: My mother’s house is next to the beach. (= the house of my mother)

Jason’s car was stolen last night. (= the car of Jason)

Tomorrow, we’re all going to see the museum’s new art exhibit.

b) Plural nouns ending in –s. Sustantivos terminados en s.

Cuando los sustantivos terminan en s, como lo son plurals o la terminación de algunos nombres, solo

se agrega el apostrofe ' (sin la S)

Ejemplos: The two sisters’ house is next to mine. (= the house of the two sisters)

The plumbers’ tools were rusty. (= the tools of the plumbers)

The players’ boots were dirty and smelly after the game. (= the boots of the players)

Nota: La pronunciación es la misma para ciertos posesivos:

My friend’s house = the house of my friend = 1 friend

My friends’ house = the house of my friends = 2 or more friends

Usualmente y por el contexto, es que se puede distinguir si se habla de una o más personas o

cosas.

3. Plural nouns not ending in –s: Sustantivos plurals no terminados en S, agrega: 's

Tener cuidado de no confundir entre el caso posesivo y el plural de los sustantivos.

Ejemplo

The children’s toys. (= the toys of the children)


The women’s bathroom is currently flooded with water.

The presidential candidate is often called the people’s favorite politician.

Notese que en este caso los sustantivos son plurals pero no terminan en –s.

4. Singular noun ending in –s: (Sustantivos singulares terminados en –s)

Depende de diferentes situaciones:

a. A la mayoría de los nombres se les agrega: 's (apostrophe S)

They had a really good time at James’s barbecue last Friday.

We spent the day admiring Frances’s new car.

b. Nombres Clasicos o religiososse agrega solo el ' (only the apostrophe)

Jesus’ disciples carried out the teachings of Jesus.

Sophocles’ plays are still performed today.

5. Possessive nouns as part of a phrase (Sustantivos Posesivos como parte de una frase)

Algunas veces más de una palabra o sustantivo es también un posesivo. Para lo cual las reglas

señaladas anteriores se cumplen.

The King of Sparta’s wife was called Helen.

The President of Chile’s speech was very long.

I accidentally took someone else’s bag home by mistake.

I had to give my boss three weeks’ notice that I was leaving the company.

Si tenemos dos propietarios o poseedores de algo entonces agregamos el apostrofe –s, al final del

último nombre:

Rick and Steve’s car is quite old.

Pero si cada persona, como en este caso, es propietario de algo, como el carro entonces se agrega

el apostrofe –s a cada nombre.

Rick’s and Steve’s cars are quite old.


Nota como en este caso el verbo (to be) va de acuerdo con los sujetos.

6. No Noun (Sin Sustantivo).

Si el significado de la oración es claro, podemos usar el posesivo sin un sustantivo después de él.

Her hair is longer than Jill’s. (= Jill’s hair)

We ate at Billy’s last night. (= Billy’s Diner or Billy’s house)

Whose bag is this? It’s Jane’s. (= Jane’s bag)

TASK: Elaborar un cuadro sinóptico del tema en el cuaderno, en inglés.

VIII. Whose vs. Who’s Posesivo o verbo to be?

Who’s es la contraccion de las palabras who is o who has, mientras que whose es el posesivo de

who. Suenan casi igual, pero el deletreo es diferente. ¿Como saber la diferencia entre who’s y

whose?

Who’s vs. Whose

Ambos who’s y whose provienen del pronombre who.


Mientras que Who’s es una contracción, su significado corresponde al de dos palabras juntas, como

se dijo anteriormente. La formula: who + is, or who + has.

For example: who’s hungry? ¿Quién tiene hambre?

En tanto que Whose es un pronombre posesivo, que se usa cuando estas preguntando o diciendo a

quien pertenece algo.

For example: whose sandwich is this? ¿De quién es este sándwich?

LINKS:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OSk7LL5nMgw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=04YAkWJw3Js

TASK: Elaborar un mapa mental del tema en el cuaderno, en inglés, escanearlo y subirlo en archivo

PDF a la plataforma.

IX. Jobs & Occupations. Vocabulary

Como parte de los temas tenemos trabajos y ocupaciones, de las cuales podemos encontrar infinidad de

datos en internet y te pediré que en tu cuaderno tengas una lista ilustrada de al menos 100 ejemplos.

Te dejo aquí un ejemplo:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=04YAkWJw3Js

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OSk7LL5nMgw


Preguntas de reflexión.

¿Qué piensas acerca de lo que se dice aquí ¿

¿Por qué crees que esto es útil?

¿Puedes añadir algo más a estas explicaciones?

Fuentes de consulta.

Sitios Electrónicos:

https://www.cambridgeenglish.org/learning-english/activities-for-learners/

https://www.oxfordonlineenglish.com/free-english-grammar-lessons

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/

https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar

https://elt.oup.com/student/oxfordenglishgrammar/?cc=mx&selLanguage=en

https://www.woodwardenglish.com/

https://www.grammarbank.com/english-grammar-lessons.html

https://www.english-at-home.com/grammar/

Bibliografía.

Dooley, J., & Evans, V. (2006). Grammarway 1. Berkshire: Express Publishing.

Jespersen, O. (2013). Essentials of English grammar. London: Routledge.

Definitions, Meanings, Synonyms, and Grammar by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com. (2020). Retrieved 15

September 2020, from https://www.lexico.com/

Oxenden, C., Latham-Koenig, C., Seligson, P., & Hudson, J. (2010). New English file. Oxford University Press.

Paterson, K. (2009). Oxford practice grammar basic. Oxford University Press.

https://www.english-at-home.com/grammar/

https://www.grammarbank.com/english-grammar-lessons.html

https://www.woodwardenglish.com/

https://elt.oup.com/student/oxfordenglishgrammar/?cc=mx&selLanguage=en

https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/

https://www.oxfordonlineenglish.com/free-english-grammar-lessons

https://www.cambridgeenglish.org/learning-english/activities-for-learners/

Unidad de aprendizaje: Inglés I · Web viewUnidad de aprendizaje: Inglés I Prof. María Leticia...

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