Presentation On

Small Hydropower Development in Nepal

Sanjeev PokhrelEnergy Development Officer

Rural Energy Development Program(REDP)Nepal

Int. Training on Real Time Digital Simulators8th -19th July,2010

IIT Roorkee,Uttharakhanda, India.

Land Lock Country

Land Area:147,181 sq.km

Literacy Rate: 48.6%

Political System: Federal Democratic Republic

Major River Schemes :◦Sapta Koshi : Eastern Nepal◦Narayani (Gandaki ) : Central Nepal◦Karnali : Far-Western ◦Mahakali : Far – Western

More than 6,000 rivers and rivulets

An annual 224 billion cubic meter of surface run-off with over 20,000 liters of water available to a person per day

ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY TYPE IN 2006

Around 1 million GW h of electricity Total Hydropower Potential : 83,000 MW Proposed Major Power Plants:

◦Karnali Chisapani : 10800MW◦Pancheshwor : 6400 MW◦Sapta Koshi : 3000 MW◦Sunkoshi Storage -2 : 1100 MW

On the Basis of Capacity:• Pico Hydro : less than 5 KW• Micro Hydropower plants : up to 100 kW• Mini Hydropower plants : 101 KW to 1 MW• Small Hydropower plants : 1 MW to 25 MW

( previously only up to 10MW)• Large Hydropower plants : >25 MW

Pharping (500 KW) @ 1911 AD

Only 40% of people have access to electricity

Among them, Only 7% of rural people have access to electricity

Overall Scenario of Power Projects in Nepal Total Major Hydro Grid Connected 472.994MW Total Small Hydro Isolated 4.536MW Total Hydro NEA 477.530MW Total hydro IPP 158.315MW Total Hydro -Nepal 635.845MW Total thermal (NEA) 53.410MW Total Solar (NEA) 100kW Total Installed Capacity (including Private and Others) 689.355 MW

Peak Demand : 812 MW

Energy Demand: 3859 Gwh

Energy Supply : 3130 Gwh

Annual demand growth:10%

MoEnMoE

AEPC

IPPs

PPP (Public Private Partnership ) Modality◦ Approach to encourage Local People in the

development of SHP MINI Grid Approach

◦ To develop local grid to make pool of small power generation which ultimately helps to stabilize the local electricity supply system

◦ AEPC have launched MGSP (Mini Grid Support Program ) to enhance this approach

Agencies:◦NEA Small Hydropower and Rural Electrification

Department (SHPRED) Community Rural Electrification

Department ( CRED )◦AEPC Energy Sector Assistance Program (ESAP ) Rural Energy Development Program

(REDP )

Context:◦At present only about 7% of the people

living in rural areas getting electricity services

Major challenges ◦Poor Infrastructure,

◦lack of capital and coordination◦Unprofitable

Low consumption per household High connection cost, and

Low initial consumer connection ratio.

Basically divided into two sub-sectors◦ the grid-based (on-grid) and ◦ the isolated (off-grid)

Grid-based electrification :◦Carried out through the extension of the national grid ◦By Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA)

The isolated (local) grids based Electrification◦Supplied by mini, micro and small hydro plants ◦By Alternative Energy Promotion Centre (AEPC)

Several Independent Power Producers (IPPs) and NGOs are engaged in rural electrification with assistance from donors.

Responsible for:◦ Construction, Operation and Maintenance of isolated Small

Hydropower Plants,◦ Execution of Rural Electrification, and Extension of the National

Grid to remote hilly regions and◦ Establishment of distribution system

Under the Department◦ 26 small hydropower plants 7 leased out to private firms &

4 have been leased out to the consumer communities, 2 Solar Plants

◦ 7 Distribution branch offices Covering 27 districts in 12 zones of the country

Established in February 2003 to carry out community based electrification works in an

organized way

In order to promote community participation, declared a policy

80 % of the capital cost of electrification by the government,

20% of the cost by the community

To promote and regulate the activity, NEA has enacted "Community Distribution Regulation-2060"

•Alternative Energy Promotion Center(AEPC)•Ministry of Environment

•Rural Energy Development Program(REDP)

•Energy Sector Assistance Program (ESAP)

UNDP, World Bank Denmark, Norway.

Acute shortage of electricity , though Nepal is the richest country in the world after Brazil in water resources

Require optimal resources mobilization to get safe and reliable electricity for urban as well as rural people

Pioneer in Micro hydro Technology.

Pharping Micro Hydro Scheme, Nepal First Hydro Scheme,1911

Thank You !