Rios y Países Sin Litoral Trabajo

7/24/2019 Rios y Pases Sin Litoral Trabajo

1/21

REPBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA

MINISTERIO DEL PODER POPULAR PARA LA EDUCACIN

UNIVERSITARIA

UNIVERSIDAD ALEJANDRO DE HUMBOLDTGEOGRAFA ECONMICA GENERAL

ROS INTERNACIONALES Y PASES SIN LITORAL

INTEGRANTES:


2/21

Caracas, Noviembre de 201N!ICE

Introdu!"n 2 R#o$ Int%rn&!on&'%$ " R#o$ Int%rn&!on&'!(&do$ " Pr!n!)&'%$ R#o$ Int%rn&!on&'%$ d%' *undo #

1


3/21

INTRO!$CCI%N

D%$d% 'o$ !n!!o$ *+$ r%*oto$, 'o$ r#o$ -&n on$t!tu!do un& .u%nt% d% r!/u%(&

)&r& '& on$%r0&!"n d% %$)%!%$ &n!*&'%$ 1 0%2%t&'%$3 T!%n%n un& 4!od!0%r$!d&d /u%%$ !*)ort&nt% )&r& 'o$ %o$!$t%*&$ d% '&$ r%2!on%$ '!tor&'%$3 En *u-o$ &$o$, 'o$ r#o$

)%r*!t%n /u% &t!0!d&d%$ o*o '& )%$& $%&n r%&'!(&d&$ %n %''o$3 5 %n otro$ *u-o$

&$o$, %$to$ $on !*)ort&nt%$ )or/u% )o$!4!'!t&n '& !n$t&'&!"n d% r%)r%$&$

-!dro%'6tr!&$ )&r& '& o4t%n!"n d% %n%r2#& d% un )$37 %$ %' &$o d% Br&$!', /u!6n

&)ro0%-& 'o$ )r!n!)&'%$ $&'to$ d% 'o$ r#o$ *+$ &ud&'o$o$ )&r& &4&$t%%r d% %n%r2#&

& tod& $u )o4'&!"n3 Ad%*+$, &4% d%$t&&r /u% un& 2r&n &nt!d&d d% 'o$ r#o$

&'r%d%dor d%' )'&n%t&, $on d% &2u& du'%, %$ d%!r )%r.%to$ )&r& '& )ot&4!'!(&!"n 1)&r& %' on$u*o -u*&no, !n'u$o, %n &'2un&$ r%2!on%$ o*o %$ %' &$o d% E2!)to, %'

r#o N!'o r%)r%$%nt& un& .u%nt% !*)ort&nt% d% &2u& )&r& %' r!%2o d% 'o$ u't!0o$3

En r%$u*%n, %$t&$ orr!%nt%$ d% &2u&$ $on on$!d%r&d&$ o*o .u%nt%$ d%

r%ur$o$ n&tur&'%$ !*)ort&nt%$ )&r& '& -u*&n!d&d3

A-or& 4!%n, &8n %$ n%%$&r!o d%$t&&r /u% 'o$ r#o$ t&*4!6n t!%n%n *u-#$!*&

!*)ort&n!& o*o rut& d% o*un!&!"n, )r!n!)&'*%nt% )&r& r%&'!(&r &t!0!d&d%$

o*%r!&'%$ 1 )&r& '& d!$tr!4u!"n d% 4!%n%$ )ro0%n!%nt%$ d%' !nt%r!or d%' )$ o d%

)$%$ !rund&nt%$3 E$ &/u# dond% $% !ntrodu% %' on%)to d% r#o$ !nt%rn&!on&'%$

o*o un $%2*%nto !*)ort&nt% d%ntro d%' o*%r!o /u% $% r%&'!(& %n %$t% *undo

2'o4&'!(&do3

D% '& *!$*& .or*& %n /u% $% -&% *%n!"n d% '& ut!'!(&!"n d% r#o$

!nt%rn&!on&'%$ %n '& o*%r!&'!(&!"n % !nt%rn&!on&'!(&!"n d% 'o$ )$%$, %$

n%%$&r!o d%$t&&r &' *!$*o t!%*)o '& $!tu&!"n /u% %n.r%nt&n &'2un&$ n&!on%$ /u%

&r%%n d% %9t%n$!on%$ o$t%r&$, %$ d%!r, 'o /u% $% d%no*!n& )$%$ $!n '!tor&' o $!n

$&'!d& &' *&r3E$to$ )$%$, %n $u *&1or#& d%4%n %n.r%nt&r d!$t!nto$ )&nor&*&$ /u% 0&n

d%$d%, '& ut!'!(&!"n d% r#o$ !nt%rn&!on&'%$ %n &$o$ o*o %' d% Su!(& -&$t& '&

n%2o!&!"n on )$%$ 0%!no$ )&r& ut!'!(&!"n d% $u$ o$t&$ o*o %$ %' &$o d%

Bo'!0!&3 A*4o$ t%*&$ $on 'o$ /u% 'o$ &utor%$ d&r+n & ono%r %n 'o $u%$!0o3

2


4/21

ROS INTERNACIONALES

Un r#o %$ un& orr!%nt% n&tur&' d% &2u& /u% .'u1% on ont!nu!d&d, /u% )o$%%

un &ud&' d%t%r*!n&do 1 d%$%*4o& %n %' *&r, %n un '&2o o %n otro r#o, :%n u1o &$o$% d%no*!n& r#o &.'u%nt%;3

Por $u )&rt%, $% '%$ d%no*!n& !nt%rn&!on&'%$ & &/u%''o$ r#o$ /u% $%)&r&n & do$

o *+$ E$t&do$ $!r0!%ndo o*o .ront%r&$ :.ront%r!(o$; o & &/u%''o$ /u% &tr&0!%$&n

$u%$!0&*%nt% 'o$ t%rr!tor!o$ d% do$ o *+$ E$t&do$ :r#o$ $u%$!0o$;3

S&cesivos, com&'es o s&rca'(es: %n %''o$, &d& E$t&do r!4%r%


5/21

PRINCIPALES ROS INTERNACIONALES EN EL -$N!O

Pri'ci.a/es Ros I'(er'acio'a/es e' E&ro.a

RO NACI-IENTO !ESE-OCA!$RA PASES CARACTERSTICAS

N!'o R#o Lu0!ron(& M&r M%d!t%rr+n%o

U2&nd&, Sud+n d%' Sur,Sud+n, E2!)to, Ru&nd&,T&n(&n!&, >%n!&,Et!o)#&, Burund!,R%)84'!& D%*or+t!&d%' Con2o 1 Er!tr%&

E$t% r#o %$ n&0%2&4'% d%$d% A$u+n-&$t& $u d%$%*4o&dur&3

Con2o R%)84'!&D%*or+t!& d%'Con2o

O6&no At'+nt!o R%)84'!& D%*or+t!&d%' Con2o 1 R%)84'!&d%' Con2o

L& *&1or )&rt% d% $u r%orr!do %$

n&0%2&4'% %n tr&*o$ d% 2r&nd!$t&n!&, $o4r% todo %ntr% >!$&n2&n!1 %' '&2o M&'%4o, %n %$t% r%orr!do d%?3@ !'"*%tro$

N#2%r Gu!n%& O6&no At'+nt!oGu!n%&, M&'#, N#2%r,B%n#n 1 N!2%r!&

E$ n&0%2&4'% %n !%rt&$ (on&$,on0!rt!6ndo$% %n un %.!&( *%d!o d%tr&n$)ort% %ntr% 'o$ )$%$ /u% ru(&3B&*&o, '& &)!t&' d% M&'#, %$ un

)u%nt% .'u0!&' $o4r% %' N#2%r3

S%n%2&'R#o B&.!n2 1R#o B&o1%

O6&no$ At'+nt!oM&'#, M&ur!t&n!&,S%n%2&' 1 Gu!n%&

Por 'o 2%n%r&', %' r#o S%n%2&' %$n&0%2&4'% %n tod&$ '&$ %$t&!on%$ %nun tr&*o d% ? * d%$d% $ud%$%*4o&dur& -&$t& '& )%/u%


6/21

Pri'ci.a/es Ros I'(er'acio'a/es e' Asia

RO NACI-IENTO !ESE-OCA!$RA PASES CARACTERSTICAS

G&n2%$ Ind!& Go'.o d% B%n2&'& B&n2'&d6$, Ind!&E$ n&0%2&4'% )%ro on

n!0%'%$ d% )o'u!"n&'&r*&nt%$3

u.r&t%$ Tur/u#& S-&tt &'Ar&4 Ir&, S!r!&, Tur/u#&E$ n&0%2&4'% $o'o )or

%*4&r&!on%$ *u1 )oo)ro.und&$3

Indo C-!n& M&r Ar+4!2o C-!n&, Ind!&, P&!$t+nNo %$ n&0%2&4'% %n tod& $u

%9t%n$!"n3

A*ur C-!n& O6&no P.!o C-!n&, Ru$!& P'%n&*%nt% n&0%2&4'%$3

Br&-*)utr& C-!n& Go'.o d% B%n2&'& B&n2'&d6$, C-!n&, Ind!&E$ tot&'*%nt% n&0%2&4'% %n

$u$ 8't!*o$ ? *

Pri'ci.a/es Ros I'(er'acio'a/es e' E&ro.a

RO NACI-IENTO!ESE-OCA!$R

APASES CARACTERSTICAS

D&nu4!o A'%*&n!& M&r N%2ro

A'%*&n!&, Au$tr!&,E$'o0&/u!&, Hun2r#&,

Cro&!&, S%r4!&, Ru*&n#&,Bu'2&r!&, Mo'd&0!&,Ur&n!&3

E$ n&0%2&4'% )or 4&ro$tr&n$o%+n!o$ -&$t& BrK!'&

:Ru*&n!&; 1 )or%*4&r&!on%$ .'u0!&'%$

-&$t& U'* :A'%*&n!&;, & un&d!$t&n!& d% uno$ 3 *3

R!n Su!(& M&r d%' Nort%Su!(&, Au$tr!&,

L!%-t%n$t%!n, A'%*&n!&,Fr&n!&, P$%$ B&=o$3

E$ n&0%2&4'% %n un tr&*od% * %ntr% B&$!'%&

:Su!(&; 1 $u d%'t& %n %' *&rd%' Nort%3

Pri'ci.a/es Ros I'(er'acio'a/es e' Amrica de/ Nor(e

RO NACI-IENTO!ESE-OCA!$R

APASES CARACTERSTICAS

5


7/21

Co'or&do Mont&


8/21

F'1 Mont&


9/21

S!n %*4&r2o, %$t+ %9%nto d% o4t%n%r %$t% on$%nt!*!%nto, $! o.r%% &' otro

E$t&do un& )ro)or!"n %/u!t&t!0& d% 'o$ 4%n%.!!o$ /u% $% d%r!0&r+n d%'

&*4!o u otr& o*)%n$&!"n &d%u&d& d)or %' d&* & 'o '&r2o d% '& ''&*&d& Nu%0& V#& F'u0!&', /u% 0&

d%$d% '& o$t& d%' *&r Nort% -&$t& &2u&$ &rr!4& d% Rott%rd&*3

E' Euro)ort u%nt& on 0&r!&$ %$t&!on%$ d% r&d&r, )u%rto$ 1 o*)'%=o$

!ndu$tr!&'%$, )r!n!)&'*%nt% r%.!n%r#&$ d% )%tr"'%o, !ndu$tr!&$ )%$&d&$ 1 &$t!''%ro$3 A 'o

'&r2o d% $u$ *u%''%$ )u%d%n &tr&&r $!*u't+n%&*%nt% 4&ro$ d% 2r&n ton%'&=%3 En

-or&$ %$ )o$!4'% &r2&r o d%$&r2&r *+$ d% ?3 ton%'&d&$ d% *%r&d%r#&$, )or'o /u% &nu&'*%nt% )&$&n )or d!-o )u%rto %r& d% *!''on%$ d% ton%'&d&$3 E'

)u%rto d% Rott%rd&* %$ on$!d%r&do %' *&1or )u%rto *&r#t!*o d%' *undo3

En Euro)& $% %nu%ntr& %' r#o Vo'2&, /u% %$ %' *+$ %9t%n$o d% %$t% ont!n%nt%3

Su$ &.'u%nt%$ %$t+n o*un!&do$ *%d!&nt% &n&'%$ on otro$ r#o$ )or 'o /u% .or*&n

8


10/21

un& r%d n&0%2&4'% /u% %n'&(& 'o$ *&r%$ C&$)!o, A(o0, B+'t!o 1 %' o6&no G'&!&'

rt!o3 D% %$t% *odo $% &'&n(& un& 2r&n )o$!4!'!d&d %n %' tr&n$)ort% .'u0!&',

$u)%r+ndo$% &$# %' o4$t+u'o /u% $!2n!.!& %' on2%'&*!%nto d% 'o$ r#o$

$%)t%ntr!on&'%$3En A*6r!& An2'o$&=on& $% -&''&n 'o$ Gr&nd%$ L&2o$ 1 %' r#o S&n Lor%n(o,

/u% on$t!tu1% un& d% '&$ rut&$ .'u0!&'%$ *+$ &t!0&$ d%' *undo )or %nontr&r$% %n

$u$ or!''&$ %' 2r&n d!$tr!to !ndu$tr!&'3 Ad%*+$ %$t% $!$t%*& .'u0!&' %$t+ o*un!&do )or

&n&'%$ on %' r#o M!$!$!)! 1 %' r#o Hud$on, %n u1& d%$%*4o&dur& $% %nu%ntr& %'

)u%rto d% Nu%0& 5or3

Todo %''o $on %=%*)'o$ d"nd% 'o$ r#o$ !nt%rn&!on&'%$ =u%2&n un )&)%'

.und&*%nt&' %n %' d%$&rro''o d% '&$ &t!0!d&d%$ d% o*%r!&'!(&!"n !nt%rn&!on&'3

9


11/21

PASES SIN LITORAL

Lo$ )$%$ $!n '!tor&' $on &/u%''o$ /u% &r%%n d% o*un!&!"n d!r%t& on

*&r u o6&no3E9!$t%n %n '& &tu&'!d&d ? )$%$ $!n o$t&, 'o$ u&'%$ $% %nu%ntr&n

d!$tr!4u!do$ )or u&tro ont!n%nt%$

9*rica:?@; Bot$u&n&, Bur!n& F&$o, Burund!, R%)84'!& C%ntro&.r!&n&,

C-&d, Et!o)#&, L%$oto, M&'&u!, M&'#, N#2%r, Ru&nd&, Su&(!'&nd!&, Sud+n d%'

Sur, U2&nd&, Z&*4!& 1 Z!*4&4u%3 E&ro.a:?; Andorr&, Ar*%n!&, Au$tr!&, B!%'orru$!&, C!ud&d d%' V&t!&no,

E$'o0&/u!&, Hun2r#&, L!%-t%n$t%!n, Lu9%*4ur2o, M&%don!&, Mo'd&0!&,

R%)84'!& C-%&, S&n M&r!no, S%r4!& 1 Su!(&3 Asia:; A.2&n!$t+n, But+n, >!r2u!$t+n, L&o$, Mon2o'!&, N%)&', T&1!!$t+n 1

U(4%!$t+n3 Amrica:; Bo'!0!& 1 P&r&2u&13

!OLE AISLA-IENTO:

S% tr&t& d% &/u%''o$ )$%$ u1&$ .ront%r&$ '!*!t&n on otro$ )$%$ /u% no

t!%n%n $&'!d& &' *&r, %$ d%!r 'o$ !ud&d&no$ d% %$to$ %$t&do$ d%4%n ru(&r do4'%

.ront%r& )&r& &%d%r & o$t& *&r#t!*&$3 En '& &tu&'!d&d $o'o %9!$t%n do$ %$t&do$ /u%

u*)'%n %$t& &r&t%r#$t!&, L!%-t%n$t%!n, %' u&' '!*!t&n on Au$tr!& 1 Su!(& 1

U(4%!$t+n, /u% '!*!t& on A.2&n!$t+n, >&(&=!$t+n, >!r2u!$t+n, T&1!!$t+n 1

Tur*%n!$t+n3

PASES EN !ESARROLLO SIN LITORAL:

10


12/21

S%28n '& Or2&n!(&!"n d% '&$ N&!on%$ Un!d&$ :ONU;, %9!$t%n )$%$

$u4d%$&rro''&do$ /u% no u%nt&n on un &%$o &' *&r3 D% %$to$ $o'o do$ $%%nu%ntr&n %n %' ont!n%nt% &*%r!&no, Bo'!0!& 1 P&r&2u&1, 'o$ u&'%$ d%4%n &.ront&r

2r&nd%$ 2o')%$ & $u %ono*#&, d%4!do & no ont&r on un &%$o $o4%r&no &' *&r3

PASES !E E$ROPA SIN LITORAL:

E9!$t%n )$%$ &'t&*%nt% d%$&rro''&do$ /u% no u%nt&n on &%$o &' *&r, t&'

%$ %' &$o d% Su!(&, Au$tr!& 1 Lu9%*4ur2o, 'o$ u&'%$ r%&'!(&n $u$ &t!0!d&d%$ d%

o*%r!o !nt%rn&!on&' & tr&06$ d% 'o$ )$%$ /u% on.or*&n '& Un!"n Euro)%& )or 0#&

t%rr%$tr% o 0#&$ .'u0!&'%$ o*o %' r!o D&nu4!o, d"nd% )u%d%n tr&n$!t&r *%r&n#&

'!4r%*%nt% & tr&06$ d% %$to$ )$%$ 1 u%nt&n &d%*+$ on tr&t&do$ !nt%rn&!on&'%$ d%

2r&n %$&'& /u% .ort&'%%n %' d%$&rro''o d% %$t&$ n&!on%$3

Un& 2r&n 0%nt&=& /u% )o$%%n %$ /u% $u$ )r!n!)&'%$ *%r&do$ no $on d!$t&nt%$,

%$ d%!r $% %nu%ntr&n rod%&d&$ )or otr&$ %ono*#&$ d%$&rro''&d&$3

CO-ERCIO !E OLI6IA:

Bo'!0!& &' no ont&r on &%$o $o4%r&no &' *&r d%4% r%&'!(&r $u$

!*)ort&!on%$ 1 %9)ort&!on%$ & tr&06$ d% '&$ o$t&$ d% C-!'% 1 P%r8, ut!'!(&ndo 'o$

)u%rto$ d% Anto.&2&$t&, I/u!/u%, Ar!&, I'o 1 M&t&r&n!3

11


13/21

S% t!%n%n d!0%r$o$ tr&t&do$ 1 on0%n!o$ !nt%rn&!on&'%$ /u% '% )%r*!t%n &

Bo'!0!& &%$o & %$to$ )u%rto$, & tr&06$ d% '& on%$!"n d% '!4r% tr+n$!to 1

&'*&%n&*!%nto on $u$ )$%$ '!*#tro.%$3 Gr&n )&rt% d%' o*%r!o %9t%r!or 4o'!0!&no

)&$& )or Ar!& % I/u!/u%3 L&$ !*)ort&!on%$ 4o'!0!&n&$ )&$&n %n 2r&n )&rt% )or '&(on& .r&n& d% I/u!/u%3

M%d!&nt% 'o$ tr&t&do$ on$%2u!do$ & )&rt!r d% ? dond% %' E$t&do -!'%no

%$t+ o4'!2&do & .&!'!t&r &%$o &' *&r & Bo'!0!&, %$t% 8't!*o -& 'o2r&do %$trutur&r un

o*%r!o %9t%r!or $"'!do 1 un r%!*!%nto %on"*!o $o$t%n!do & )%$&r d% '&$

d!.!u't&d%$ d% no t%n%r *&r )ro)!o, &un &$# &' d#& d% -o1 %' E$t&do 4o'!0!&no $!2u% %n

d!$)ut& on C-!'% )or un &%$o & '& o$t& d%' o6&no )&!.!o3

PROLE-AS $E !EEN A5RONTAR LOS PASES SIN LITORAL:

E9!$t%n 0&r!o$ .&tor%$ /u% 2o')%&n %on"*!&*%nt% & 'o$ )$%$ $!n $&'!d& &'

*&r, &' d#& d% -o1 '& *&1or#& d% %$to$ )$%$ u%nt&n on *u1 )oo$ r%ur$o$%on"*!o$ 'o /u% tr&% o*o on$%u%n!& '& )o4r%(& %9tr%*&, 'o$ )ro4'%*&$ /u%

d%4%n &.ront&r $on 'o$ $!2u!%nt%$

?3 L& '%=&n#& d% un t%rr!tor!o o$t%ro %$to /u!%r% d%!r /u% 'o$ 2&$to$ /u% d%4%n

)&2&r )&r& !*)ort&r 1 %9)ort&r *%r&n#& $on %'%0&do$, &' no ont&r on %'

4%n%.!!o d% t%n%r *&r )ro)!o $u.r%n d% r%tr&$o$ %n $u d%$&rro''o, )ro2r%$o

-u*&no 1 $o!&', 1 $o$t%n!4!'!d&d &*4!%nt&'3

3 G'o4&'!(&!"n %$t& no ''%2& on )ront!tud & 'o$ )$%$ $!n '!tor&', )or 'o /u% no

u%nt&n on &$!$t%n!& t6n!& 1 .!n&n!%r& /u% r%/u!%r%n %$to$ )$%$ )&r& %'

r%!*!%nto %on"*!o, %rr&d!&!"n d% '& )o4r%(&, *%=or& %n '& 2%n%r&!"n

d% %*)'%o, %ntr% otr&$3

12


14/21

3 Co$to$ d% tr&n$)ort% -o1 %n d#& 'o$ 2&$to$ )&r& un )$ $!n &%$o &' *&r

o$!'& %ntr% 'o$ 1 d"'&r%$, %n &*4!o 'o$ /u% )o$%%n &%$o & '&

o$t& $u$ 2&$to$ %ntr&n %ntr% 'o$ ? 1 ?3

3 C&*4!o$ '!*+t!o$ 'o$ )$%$ /u% no )o$%%n o$t&$ *&r#t!*&$ orr%n %'

r!%$2o d% %$t&r %9)u%$to$ & '& d%$%rt!.!&!"n 1 d%2r&d&!"n d% $u$ t!%rr&$3

13


15/21

CONCL$SI%N

Lo$ r#o$ !nt%rn&!on&'%$ 1 'o$ )$%$ $!n '!tor&' $on o*)on%nt%$ 1 $!tu&!on%$/u% %$t+n )r%$%nt%$ %n %' o*%r!o !nt%rn&!on&', d% *odo /u% %$ !nd!$)%n$&4'%

ono%r '&$ 0%nt&=&$ 1 d%$0%nt&=&$ d% 'o$ *!$*o$ )&r& /u% 'o$ )$%$ /u% %$t6n

ond!!on&do$ on &'2uno d% 'o$ do$ o !n'u$o &*4o$ )u%d&n *&nt%n%r un *&ro d%

&!"n /u% 4u$/u% %9)'ot&r 1 *&9!*!(&r $"'o 'o$ 4%n%.!!o$ d% %$t&$ $!tu&!on%$3

L& !*)ort&n!& d% 'o$ r#o$ !nt%rn&!on&'%$ r&d!& %n /u% .&0or%%n & todo$ 'o$

)$%$ !rund&nt%$ &' &u% 1 -&1 un& '%2!$'&!"n % !n'u$o un& r&*& d%' D%r%-o

/u% &$# 'o d!$)on% 1 &d%*+$ r%2u'& '&$ &t!0!d&d%$ %n torno & %$to$ r#o$ )&r& &$#

2&r&nt!(&r '& %/u!d&d %n '& d!$tr!4u!"n d% 'o$ 4%n%.!!o$3 R%&'*%nt%, 'o$ )$%$ /u%

$on &tr&0%$&do$ %n $u %9t%n$!"n t%rr!tor!&' )or r#o$ !nt%rn&!on&'%$, $on )$%$

)r!0!'%2!&do$3 Co*o 4!%n $% $%


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%$t% &$unto 1 otro$ o*o Bo'!0!& $% d!$)ut&n un& $&'!d& $o4%r&n& &' *&r & tr&06$ d%

$u$ )$%$ 0%!no$3

CONCL$SIONES IN!I6I!$ALES

Lo$ r#o$ !nt%rn&!on&'%$ t!%n%n tr%$ on$!d%r&!on%$ %$)%!&'%$ $! $on

.ront%r!(o$ %$ d%!r, $! $u &u% $%)&r& do$ o *+$ )$%$7 $! $on $u%$!0o$, %$ d%!r

&/u%''o$ r#o$ u1& %9t%n$!"n .'u0!&' &tr&0!%$& %' t%rr!tor!o d% &d& )$7 1 'o$ r#o$

!nt%rn&!on&'!(&do$ /u% )or $%r o4=%to d% !nt%r6$ o*%r!&' % !nt%rn&!on&'%$ $on

r%2u'&do$, ontro'&do$ 1 $u)%r0!$&do$ )or '&$ or2&n!(&!on%$ o o*!$!on%$

!nt%rn&!on&'%$ d%$!2n&d&$ )&r& %''o3 S!n !*)ort&r u&' $%& %' &$o, 'o$ r#o$!nt%rn&!on&'%$ %n $# on$t!tu1%n .u%nt%$ .'u0!&'%$ !nd!$)%n$&4'%$ -o1 d#& )&r&

.&!'!t&r '&$ rut&$ d% o*un!&!"n 1 tr&n$)ort%, )&r& %' d%$&rro''o d% $!$t%*&$

-!dro%'6tr!o$, )&r& '& )%$&, )&r& %' u't!0o, %t3 D% *odo /u% '&$ n&!on%$ %$t+n

$u)%d!t&d&$ & 2r&nd%$ &0&n%$ $"'o )or %nontr&r$% %n %9t%n$!on%$ )r!0!'%2!&d&$3

En u&nto & 'o$ )$%$ $!n '!tor&' %$ d%t%r*!n&4'% )or -%-o$ 0%r#d!o$ /u%

&un/u% $%&n ond!!on%$ /u% d!.!u't%n 1 %n&r%(&n '&$ &t!0!d&d%$ nor*&'%$ %n

o*%r!&'!(&!"n !nt%rn&!on&', $on ond!!on%$ /u% )u%d%n $%r $u)%r&d&$ 1 /u% no

n%%$&r!&*%nt% d%4%n on$!d%r&r$% &u$&$ d%' $u4d%$&rro''o3

15


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E$ !*)ort&nt% d%$t&&r '& !*)ort&n!& /u% 'o$ r#o$ !nt%rn&!on&'%$ t!%n%n $o4r%

%' o*%r!o !nt%rn&!on&', %$ d%!r on$t!tu1%n un *%d!o d% tr&n$)ort% !nd!$)%n$&4'%)&r& '& *%r&n#& d% &'2uno$ )$%$, %$to$ r#o$ $on on$!d%r&do$ n&0%2&4'%$ 1 &)to$

)&r& %' o*%r!o !nt%rn&!on&' 1& $%&n r#o$ o*un%$ o r#o$ .ront%r!(o$3 En &'2uno$

t%rr!tor!o$ no $% u*)'% '& ond!!"n d% /u% un r!o $%& n&0%2&4'%, d%4!do & /u% '&

)ro.und!d&d d% $u$ &2u&$ o '&$ orr!%nt%$ d% '&$ *!$*&$ no )%r*!t%n '& !ntrodu!"n

d% 2r&nd%$ %*4&r&!on%$, )or 'o /u% $% '!*!t&n & tr&n$)ort&r 4!%n%$ o )%r$on&$ &

*%nor %$&'&, %n &'2uno$ &$o$ 'o$ r#o$ !nt%rn&!on&'%$ )u%d%n t%n%r &'to$ n!0%'%$ d%

ont&*!n&!"n o )ro.und!d&d%$ *u1 )%/u%


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ANE;OS

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