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HE^L_XLJEGXI HE FLXDG ‑ D'E'Q' HDEBI HE ^_L]EQ

XEJL JDXIFIBÊL ^ìbdgl < 

 KE_JLM_IHDXI0 KDQXI_DL T ̂ E_]D]EGADL

<'  KDQXI_DL'

Kerjlmrihdxi erl kd`i he Lmrihdxl t Kerjeq t mue ardlhi ~ir flq

gdgmlq eg Mrdbdl& eg fiq oiq|ueq hef jigxe Dhl' Qu gijore reðge fiq he

qu ~lhre t qu jlhre& lhejìq& aiji effiq& ~iqeêl ugl brlg oeffepl'

L fiq |udgae lüiq tl headhdñ aigiaer gue}lq xderrlq t }dl`ñ ~ir Lqdl

Jegir' Ug hêl ffebñ l fl rebdñg he Alrdl& l flq irdfflq he ug kerjiqi

flbi'

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HE^L_XLJEGXI HE FLXDG ‑ D'E'Q' HDEBI HE ^_L]EQ

XEJL JDXIFIBÊL ^ìbdgl ? 

Lffê }d}êl Qlfjladq& fl gdgml he eqxe flbi' Eqxl& glhl jìq }erfe& qe

egljirñ he äf t egqebudhl fe heaflrñ qu ljir& ~eri Kerjlmrihdxi fl

reaklpñ'

Fl gdgml mdgbdñ lae~xlr qu headqdñg t jlraklrqe& ~eri fi |ue kdpi

mue iaufxlrqe t lqê ~iher ioqer}lr l Kerjlmrihdxi jdegxrlq qe |udxlol fl

ri~l t qe pljouffêl eg flq lbulq ardqxlfdglq hef flbi'

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HE^L_XLJEGXI HE FLXDG ‑ D'E'Q' HDEBI HE ^_L]EQ

XEJL JDXIFIBÊL ^ìbdgl 1 

Egxigaeq& aulghi tl fi }di hegxri hef flbi& quq hijdgdiq& mue kladl

äf t fi eqxreakñ egxre quq orlpiq& aig xlgxl muerpl t ~lqdñg |ue& lug|ue

Kerjlmrihdxi dgxegxlol qifxlrqe he effl& gi ~ihêl fdoerlrqe he qu

lorlpi'

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HE^L_XLJEGXI HE FLXDG ‑ D'E'Q' HDEBI HE ^_L]EQ

XEJL JDXIFIBÊL ^ìbdgl 8 

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HE^L_XLJEGXI HE FLXDG ‑ D'E'Q' HDEBI HE ^_L]EQ

XEJL JDXIFIBÊL ^ìbdgl 5 

Jdegxrlq xlgxi Qlfjladq ribñ l fiq hdiqeq |ue quq auer~iq gugal

qe qe~lrlrlg t eqxiq fl eqauaklrig t fiq ugderig eg ug gue}i qer aig

ugl hiofe glxurlfepl' 

^ir qu ~lrxe& Kerjlmrihdxi& tl |ue gi ~ihêl aljodlr gd hiofeblr fl

}ifugxlh he flq hd}dgdhlheq& ribñ |ue xihi l|uef |ue qe olülqe eg flqlbulq he eqxe flbi ~erhdeqe qu }drdfdhlh'

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HE^L_XLJEGXI HE FLXDG ‑ D'E'Q' HDEBI HE ^_L]EQ

XEJL JDXIFIBÊL ^ìbdgl = 

?'  ^E_]D]EGADL'

<'  Eg fl Fegbul'

Ef gijore he eqxe hdiq& aig}erxdhi eg lh`exd}i& qdbgdmdal /|ueeqxì hixlhi he alrlaxereq qe{ulfeq jlqaufdgiq t mejegdgiq/& t

qe l~fdal xlgxi lf bägeri kujlgi aiji l aderxlq eq~eadeq

}ebexlfeq i lgdjlfeq +ef alrlaif& fl fijordp he xderrl& fl

qlgbud`uefl$'

?'  Eg fl Fdxerlxurl'

Fl ~er}d}egadl fdxerlrdl hef ~erqigl`e he Kerjlmrihdxi

xdeghe l jepaflr ef reflxi he I}dhdi& |ue remerêl qu kdqxirdl eg

flq ‖Jexljirmiqdq‚&  aig fiq gujeriqiq jdxiq reflxd}iq l fl

mdburl hef lghrñbdgi ~reqegxeq eg }lrdlq refdbdigeq'

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HE^L_XLJEGXI HE FLXDG ‑ D'E'Q' HDEBI HE ^_L]EQ

XEJL JDXIFIBÊL ^ìbdgl 2 

Eg ~lrxdauflr& fl mdburl he Kerjlmrihdxi qe aigmughe l jeguhi

aig fiq lghrñbdgiq e}ialhiq eg ‖Ef Olg|uexe‚ he ^flxñg +qdbfi D]

l' A$' Qebðg e{~fdal Lrdqxñmlgeq eg eqxe xe{xi& eg fiq irêbegeq

e{dqxêlg xreq xd~iq he qereq kujlgiq& ugiq ~ri}dqxiq he hiq

auer~iq jlqaufdgiq& ixriq mirjlhiq ~ir hiq auer~iq mejegdgiq t

ugl xeraerl alxebirêl aigqxdxudhl ~ir fiq kijoreq*ju`ereq i

lghrñbdgiq' Eqxiq& ej~u`lhiq ~ir fl qioerodl& ~rexeghderig

lqlfxlr ef Ifdj~i t muerig alqxdblhiq ~ir Peuq& |ue fiq qeaadigñ

eg hiq jdxlheq' Fiq kijoreq& heqhe egxigaeq& ouqalg qdej~re fl

jdxlh |ue feq mlfxl& fi |ue e{~fdalrêl ef megñjegi hef ljir' Eqxiq

irêbegeq aij~fe`iq ~erjdxeg aij~regher ~ir |uä& eg fl xrlhdadñg

fdxerlrdl& fl odqe{ulfdhlh l~lreae uglq }eaeq aiji ugl lgijlfêl

hifiriql t ixrlq aiji ug rlqbi he qu~erdirdhlh'

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HE^L_XLJEGXI HE FLXDG ‑ D'E'Q' HDEBI HE ^_L]EQ

XEJL JDXIFIBÊL ^ìbdgl ; 

Hurlgxe juaki xdej~i& fl mdburl hef kerjlmrihdxl eq

io`exi he eqaìghlfi t qe aig}derxe l jeguhi eg qdgñgdji he

kijiqe{ulf' Lqê l~lreae& ~ir e`ej~fi& eg ef ~lgmfexi he Xkijlq

Lrxuq aigxrl fiq /ml}irdxiq/ he Egrd|ue DDD xdxuflhi /Fl dqfl he

fiq kerjlmrihdxlq/ +<=>5$'

He jihi jìq begerlf& ef e~êxexi he kerjlmrihdxl i he

lghrñbdgi qe l~fdal mreauegxejegxe l lfbi |ue qe aigqdherl

aigxrl glxurl i |ue reðge lq~eaxiq aigxrlhdaxirdiq' Xlf eq ef

qegxdhi aig |ue fi ej~fel Hlgxe eg ef Dgmdergi +‖Hd}dgl Aijehdl‚ 

<1>2*<1?<$ lf remerdrqe l ugl ~ieqêl |ue dgxegxl aigadfdlr fiq

aigxrlrdiq& i xljodäg ef |ue remfe`l ef ‖Lhigdq‚ he Bdljolxxdqxl

Jlrdgi +<=?1$& highe ef ~ri~di hdiq l~lreae aiji ugl mdburl

lghrñbdgl t qdjoifdpl fl glxurlfepl hulf he fl ~ieqêl'

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HE^L_XLJEGXI HE FLXDG ‑ D'E'Q' HDEBI HE ^_L]EQ

XEJL JDXIFIBÊL ^ìbdgl 4 

Fl mdburl jêxdal hef kerjlmrihdxl l~lreae e}ialhl l

jeguhi eg qdxuladigeq gi}efeqalq ljodbulq' Egaigxrljiq ug

e`ej~fi aäfeore eg fl gi}efl he Xkäi~kdfe Bluxder  /Fl qeüirdxl

he Jlu~dg/ +<;1=$& |ue aigxdege mreauegxeq lfuqdigeq l I}dhdi& t

autl keriêgl qe hemdge l qê jdqjl aiji /~erxegeadegxe lf xeraer

qe{i/& ~ueq eg effl qe mugheg ef auer~i t ef lfjl he ugl ju`er aig

ef alrìaxer t fl muerpl he ug kijore' Fe`iq he aigqxdxudr ugl

}egxl`l& eqxl od~iflrdhlh fl klae heqbrladlhl& tl |ue gugal ~ihrì

egaigxrlr ug kijore lf |ue ugdrqe'

Olfpla& ~ir qu ~lrxe& arel eg ‖Qerlmdxl‚ +<;15$ ugl mdburl dhelf

hef lghrñbdgi& reugdeghi fiq hiq qe{iq t ~erjdxdeghi lqê |ue fl

 `i}eg ~lre`l mirjlhl ~ir Rdfmrdh t Jdggl qe ugl' Eqxl ugdñg dhelf

l~lreae gue}ljegxe eg /Ef fdrdi hef }lffe/ +<;1=$& highe ef

egauegxri egxre Mäfd{ he ]lghegeqqe t Jje' He Jirxqlum

l~lreae aigxej~flhl heqhe fl ñ~xdal he ugl lghribdgdl ~flxñgdal'

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HE^L_XLJEGXI HE FLXDG ‑ D'E'Q' HDEBI HE ^_L]EQ

XEJL JDXIFIBÊL ^ìbdgl <> 

^iqdofejegxe qel eg ^riuqx  highe fl }ladfladñg egxre

lghrñbdgi t kerjlmrihdxl qel jìq e}dhegxe ' Eg /Qihijl t

Bijirrl/ +<4?<$& lf heqdbglr l fiq kijiqe{ulfeq aiji /kijoreq*

ju`ereq/ ~lreae jìq odeg remerdrqe l fiq lghrñbdgiq he ^flxñg3

dbulfjegxe& ef egauegxri egxre @u~deg t J' He Aklrfuq ~lreae

req~igher l eqxe jdxi& tl |ue alhl ugi egauegxrl eg ef ixri lf

/kijore ~reheqxdglhi/' Qdg ejolrbi& fl heqard~adñg hef `i}eg

laiqxlhi& eg ef |ue qe heqauoreg dg}ifugxlrdljegxe rlqbiq

mejegdgiq& e}ial fl re~reqegxladñg xrlhdadiglf hef kerjlmrihdxl'

T ~lrl e{~fdalr ef megñjegi he fl /dg}erqdñg/& ^riuqx e}ial ugl

kd~ñxeqdq adegxêmdal& ug /kerjlmrihdxdqji dgdadlf autlq kuefflq

~lreaeg aigqer}lrqe eg lfbugiq ruhdjegxlrdiq ñrblgiq mejegdgiq

eg fl lglxijêl hef kijore t eg ixriq xlgxiq ñrblgiq jlqaufdgiq eg

fl lglxijêl he fl ju`er/' ^eri eg ljoiq alqiq tl gi l~lreae

aigqdherlhi& aiji lgxlüi& lfbi /aigxrl glxurl/'

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HE^L_XLJEGXI HE FLXDG ‑ D'E'Q' HDEBI HE ^_L]EQ

XEJL JDXIFIBÊL ^ìbdgl << 

Ef kerjlmrihdxl& ~ir ðfxdji& qe ~reqxl l }eaeq l

}lrdladigeq añjdalq& aiji ~ir e`ej~fi eg ef /hrljl qurrelfdqxl/

he L~iffdgldre xdxuflhi /Flq xexlq he Xdreqdlq/ +<4<2$& highe

Xereql& ugl `i}eg mejdgdqxl alqlhl& qe gdebl xeger kd`iq t qe

xrlgqmirjl eg /qeüir ju`er/ lhi~xlghi ef gijore he Xdreqdlq&

jdegxrlq qu jlrdhi& aig}erxdhi eg ju`er& xrlerì jdfeq he kd`iq lf

jughi'

1'  Eg fl daigibrlmêl'

Eg fl re~reqegxladñg he eqxe e~dqihdi jdxifñbdai l fi

flrbi hef xdej~i kl ~rehijdglhi lorujlhirljegxe ef

jijegxi hef lorlpi egxre ljoiq +aig hdqxdgxlq brlhladigeq

|ue }lg heqhe ef egxuqdlqji klqxl ef reaklpi$& aig

~remeregadl qiore ef jijegxi he fl muqdñg mdglf'

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HE^L_XLJEGXI HE FLXDG ‑ D'E'Q' HDEBI HE ^_L]EQ

XEJL JDXIFIBÊL ^ìbdgl <? 

Xljodäg ffljlg fl lxegadñg flq hdmeregxeq jlgerlq he

re~reqegxlr l Kerjlmrihdxi& |ue }lg heqhe l|ueffiq |ue fi

xijlg ~ir ug ~e|ueüi |ueruoêg& klqxl fiq |ue&

~ribreqd}ljegxe& fi ~flqjlg aiji ug mirgdhi jipi& ~lqlghi

~ir ug lhifeqaegxe ~re~ðoer' L jeguhi eqxì qifi& he ~de&

heqguhi i aig ef }eqxdhi fe}lgxlhi& he`lghi }er qu qe{i'

Fl eqxlxulrdl lgxdbul re~reqegxl l Kerjlmrihdxi aig

ug lrjigdiqi auer~i he ju`er hixlhi he ñrblgiq qe{ulfeq

jlqaufdgiq& l jeguhi hirjdhi eg ugl ~iqxurl ffegl he

brladl t flgbudhep0 ‖Kerjlmrihdxi‚& jìrjif& rä~fdal he ugl

iorl hef qdbfi D] l' A'& Oerfêg'

3

 

E

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X 

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HE^L_XLJEGXI HE FLXDG ‑ D'E'Q' HDEBI HE ^_L]EQ

XEJL JDXIFIBÊL ^ìbdgl <1 

Xljodäg egaigxrljiq l ug Eriq lghrñbdgi +}lqd`l& qdbfi

D] l' A'& ]degl$& qeje`lgxe eg xihi l Kerjlmrihdxi l e{ae~adñg

he |ue qe fe re~reqegxl lflhi' Tl eg ef qdbfi [[& Hlfê ~dgxñ ug

‖Kerjlmrihdxl‚ +fl eqxäxdal eq ef jltir jdqxerdi  xerreqxre$&

+<481$& aifeaadñg L' _etgifhq Jirqe'