Hematopoyesis
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Centro de Bachillerato Tecnológico industrial y de servicios 134.
[--Realizar Biometría Hemática--]
M. en C. Julio César Azúcar Heziquio
UNIDAD 1. LA SANGRE
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La sangre
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¿ QUE ES LA SANGRE ?
• Es un tejido líquido que recorre el organismo transportando células y elementos necesarios para realizar sus funciones vitales como respirar, formar sustancias y defender al cuerpo de agentes extraños.
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• La cantidad de sangre depende de la edad, peso, sexo y altura, una persona adulta tiene entre 4 y 6 litros de sangre.
¿ Cuál es mi volumen sanguíneo?
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Sangre arterial
Sangre venosa
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SANGRE
SUST. LIQUIDA QUE CIRCULA EN ARTERIAS Y LAS VENAS
COMPOSICIÓN
PLASMA
PROTEÍNAS PLASMÁTICAS
COMPONENTES ORGÁNICOS
COMPONENTES INORGÁNICOS
CÉLULAS
ERITROCITOS
LEUCOCITOS
PLAQUETAS
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Eritrocitos
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Transportar oxigeno a los tejidos de todo el cuerpo.
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Leucocitos
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Defender al cuerpo de agentes extraños como virus, bacterias, hongos y parásitos.
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Plaquetas
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Evitan un sangrado
mediante la formación de
un tapón plaquetario.
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FORMACIÓN DEL TAPÓN PLAQUETARIO
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Componentes
AGUA 90%
SOLUTOS DEL PLASMA 10%
PROTEÍNAS PLASMÁTICAS
70%COMPONENTES
ORGANICOS
20%
COMPONENTES INORGANICOS
10%
Plasma
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Metabolitos orgánicos y compuestos de desecho.◦Fosfolípidos ◦Creatinina◦Enzimas (ALP, GGT, ALAT, ASAT)◦Albúmina◦Colesterol◦Glucosa◦Bilirrubina◦Urea◦Sales biliares◦Acido úrico◦Acido láctico◦Triacilgliceroles
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Componentes
inorgánicos
NaCl
BICARBONATO
FOSFATO
CLORURO DE CALCIO
CLORURO DE
MAGNESIO
CLORURO DE
POTASIO
SULFATO DE
SODIO
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¿Dudas?
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Hematopoyesis
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Médula ósea
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No es lo mismo,
médula ósea que médula
espinal.
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Eritropoyesis
Reticulocito
Proceso de formación, maduración y diferenciación de GR.
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Hemoglobinas normales y patológicas.
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HEMOGLOBINASNORMALES
Adulta
Fetal
Embrionaria
Hb Pórtland
Hb Gower I
Hb Gower II
Hgb F (recién nacido): 50% a 80%
Hgb F (6 meses): 8%
Hgb F (después de 6 meses): 1% a 2%
Hb A
Hb A2
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HEMOGLOBINAS
PATOLÓGICAS
Defecto estructural de las globinas.
Producción insuficiente de una
o más cadenas globínicas.
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Hemoglobina S/C
Hemoglobina C
Hemoglobina S
Hemoglobina D
Hemoglobina EHEMOGLOBINA
S
PATOLÓGICAS
Hemoglobina M
Hemoglobina G
Hemoglobina Lepor
Hemoglobina H
Hemoglobina I
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- Hemoglobina S
- Anemia de células Falciformes.- Anemia drepanocítica
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Px. Sano.
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