Gestión de la Limpieza Urbana: Una inversión para el futuro de las ciudades

PwC 2

Contents

1.Introduction

2.The Study

3.Results

4.Final consideration

PwC 3

Execution

PwC 4

Introduction

1

PwC 5

Solid waste management globally

Introduction

What kind of

problems do we

have here?

PwC 6

Solid waste management globally

Introduction

The current waste

generation in the

world is around 12

billion tons/year.

125.000 Estadio

Olímpico Atahualpa

full of waste

=

PwC 7

Solid waste management globally

Introduction

Managing solid waste is one of biggest challenges of the urban areas of all sizes, from mega-cities to the small towns and large villages.

PwC 8

Solid waste management in Brazil

Introduction

0

20.000.000

40.000.000

60.000.000

80.000.000

100.000.000

120.000.000

140.000.000

160.000.000

180.000.000

200.000.000

Total urban solid waste generation in the year (ton/year)

90%

12%

2010

2011

5,7

Brazilian population

If we imagine that the Brazilian average weight is 66.5 kg (2005), it can be said that every citizen generates 5.7 times of its own weight in waste.

2.906 open dumps

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The Study

2

PwC 10

Present the public models of Urban Cleaning Services:

• Financial and social resources applied

• Legal and institutional structures

• Interaction between local government and the services providers

Comparison of public management models in relation to solid waste management in 15 selected cities.

Objetives

The Study

PwC 11

Selected cities

The Study

Brazilian cities:

• São Paulo

• Rio de Janeiro

• Belo Horizonte

• Brasília

• Goiânia

• Salvador

International cities:

• New York

• Tokyo

• Paris

• Londres

• Rome

• Mexico City

• Buenos Aires

• Barcelona

• Lima

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• The study was made in 2009 and updated in 2011.

• The cities selection was based on combination of factors: characteristics of large cities, highlights in solid waste management systems and data availability and reliability.

• Data source: Governamental and academic reports and websites.

• Lack of similar national and international studies on the sector.

Disclaimer

The Study

PwC 13

Waste management responsibility

The Study

Waste type Responsibility

Households MunicipalityCommercial* GeneratorPublic MunicipalityHealth services GeneratorIndustrial* GeneratorAirports, ports, railway and road terminals Generator

Agriculture GeneratorConstruction and demolition* Generator

* The municipality is co-responsible for small amounts. The maximum amount will vary according to the specific local legislation.

PwC 14

Municipal solid waste estructure

The Study

Laws and regulations

Municipal waste services

Municipal budget

SupervisionFee collection

type

Executing agents of

waste services

Management

Geographic and socioeconomic characterization

Perceptions of key stakeholders

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Results

3

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Key information of the selected cities

Results

CityPopulation

(hab) Area (km2)

Amount of solid waste collected (million

tons/year)

Amount of solid waste

collected per capita

(kg/hab/year)

Expenditures with Solid Waste

management (millions US$/year)

Expenditures with solid waste per

capita (US$/hab/year)

Tokyo 12,06 2.187 4.970 412,11 6.375,00 528,61Mexico City 8,72 1.479 4.600 527,52 2.811,63 322,43Barcelona 1,50 91 848 565,33 431,46 287,64Roma 2,72 1.285 1.829 672,43 765,51 281,44Paris 2,17 105 1.204 554,84 503,88 232,20New York 8,14 1.214 4.307 529,12 994,50 122,17London 8,28 1.579 4.200 507,25 890,97 107,61Buenos Aires 2,97 203 1.469 494,64 228,74 77,02Guayaquil 2,44 344 1.014 415,12 36,48 14,93Quito 2,32 324 721 310,21 33,22 14,28Lima 8,00 2.819 2.278 284,70 108,78 13,60Brasília-DF 2,27 5.802 1.379 607,58 167,79 73,92Salvador 2,71 707 687 253,58 117,30 43,28Rio de Janeiro 6,13 1.182 2.802 457,06 253,98 41,43Goiânia 1,21 739 447 369,37 46,41 38,36São Paulo 10,36 1.523 3.641 351,44 392,70 37,91Belo Horizonte 2,39 331 838 350,58 83,13 34,78

PwC 17Tokyo

Mexico CityBarcelona

Roma Paris

New York London

Buenos Aires Guayaquil

Quito Lima

Brasília-DFSalvador

Rio de JaneiroGoiânia

São Paulo

Belo Horizonte

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

Brazilian average; 44,9

International average ; 182,2

Financial resourcesExpenditures with solid waste per capita (US$/hab/year)

Results

Mexico City has high costs due to a swollen structure to perform the services, with approximately 4 times more employees compared to São Paulo.

Tokyo extensively invests in innovative systems.

Barcelona has one of the best Selective Collection Programme, investing in innovative techniques and equipments.

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Results

Financial resourcesExpenditures with solid waste per capita (US$/hab/year) and amount of solid waste collected per capita (kg/hab/year)To

kyo

Mex

ico

City

Barce

lona

Rom

a Pa

ris

New

Yor

k Lo

ndon

Bueno

s Air

es

Gua

yaqu

ilQui

to

Lim

aBra

sília

-DF

Salva

dor

Rio

de Ja

neiro

Goi

ânia

São P

aulo

Belo

Hor

izon

te

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Expenditures with solid waste per capita (US$/hab/year)Amount of solid waste collected per capita (kg/hab/year)

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Comparison between Brazilian cities

Results

Brasília - DF 3.598.058.250 4,7% 19,8% 53,2%

Salvador 944.182.515 12,5% 20,7% 84,8%

Rio de Janeiro 3.736.534.652 6,8% 110,0% 31,8%

Goiânia 603.177.969 7,8% 0,0% 35,6%

São Paulo 7.392.719.896 5,3% 0,0% 100,0%

Belo Horizonte 1.390.516.111 6,0% 47,7% 53,1%

Brazilian cities Municipal costsPercentage municipal budget to solid waste

management

Reported cost recovery percentage collected via

fees

Municipal costs with private waste

companies

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Fee on waste managementBrazilian and international cities

Results

CityFee on waste management

Tokyo xMexico CityBarcelona x

Roma xParis x

New York xLondon x

Buenos Aires xLima x

Brasília-DF xSalvador x

Rio de Janeiro xGoiânia

São PauloBelo Horizonte x

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OutsourcingBrazilian and international cities

Results

 • On the concession contracts, most of the time, companies are financially responsible for infrastructure services, such as installation and expansion of landfills, transfer stations, trucks.

• Cities and experience with good governance practices deal with the segregation of duties and responsibilities.

CityHigh degree of outsourcing

Tokyo xMexico CityBarcelona x

Roma Paris x

New York xLondon x

Buenos Aires xLima x

Brasília-DF xSalvador x

Rio de JaneiroGoiânia

São Paulo xBelo Horizonte x

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Final considerations

4

PwC 23

Challenges of the Municipal Solid Waste Management

Final considerations

• Local solutions to local problems

• Proper data collection and management systems

• Focus on waste reduction, reuse and building recycling rates

• Financially sustainable

• User inclusivity: Consultation, communication and involvement of users

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Marta Braconi

PwC Brazil

marta.braconi@br.pwc.com

Patrick Dykmans

PwC Ecuador

patrick.dykmans@ec.pwc.com

Muchas gracias!