GCB{JVTNHBXTCRBQ RPFVTY LKZ CFVJCNJZNTKMYJUJ … · - 5 - ˜˚˛˝˙ˆˇ˘ˆ˙ ˜˚˛˝˙˚ˆˇ˘...

GCB{JVTNHBXTCRBQ "RPFVTY LKZ

CFVJCNJZNTKMYJUJ HTITYBZ

HECCRBQB/km 2012 ujlf

© Dct ghfdf cj[hfyz/ncz pf Bphfbkmcrbv wtynhjv 'rpfvtyjd b jwtyrb. Ntrcn yfcnjzotuj 'rpfvtyf bkb dslth;rb bp ytuj yt gjlkt;fn hfcghjcnhfytyb/ bkb rjgbhjdfyb/ k/,sv cgjcj,jv b c bcgjkmpjdfybtv k/,s[ chtlcnd ,tp gbcmvtyyjuj hfphtitybz yf nj cj cnjhjys Bphfbkmcrjuj wtynhf 'rpfvtyjd b jwtyrb. Nfr;t pfghtoftncz j,exfnm 'njve 'rpfvtye bkb tuj xfcnzv d jncencndbt gbcmvtyyjuj hfphtitybz yf nj cj cnjhjys Bphfbkmcrjuj wtynhf 'rpfvtyjd b jwtyrb.

1


B/km 2012 ujlf

Ckjdtcyjt vsiktybt> hfpltk gthdsq ....................................................... 2

Ckjdtcyjt vsiktybt> hfpltk dnjhjq ......................................................10

Rjkbxtcndtyyjt vsiktybt> hfpltk gthdsq ..........................................18

Rjkbxtcndtyyjt vsiktybt> hfpltk dnjhjq...........................................26

Fyukbqcrbq zpsr> hfpltk gthdsq .............................................................34

Fyukbqcrbq zpsr> hfpltk dnjhjq ..............................................................42

Rk/x dthys[ jndtnjd .....................................................................................50

Dsxbcktybt ghb,kbpbntkmyjq jwtyrb pf 'rpfvty ............................51

Лист ответов на вопросы разделов множественного выбора ........56

Cjlth;fybt

Gjckt ghjdtltybz 'rpfvtyf d Bphfbkmcrjv wtynht 'rpfvtyjd b jwtyrb jceotcndkz/ncz hfpkbxyst ghjdthrb djghjcjd 'rpfvtyf. Tckb dszcyztncz> xnj jghtltktyysq djghjc yt cjjndtncndetn ghjatccbjyfkmysv cnfylfhnfv> jy yt drk/xftncz d dsxbcktybt jwtyrb. D nfrjv ckexft ghjnbd yjvthf djghjcf ,eltn yfgbcfyj% $Lfyysq djghjc yt drk/xty d dsxbcktybt jwtyrb$.

- 2 - B/km 2012 ujlf


Ckjdtcyjt vsiktybt> hfpltk gthdsq

Ckjdtcyjt vsiktybtD 'njv hfpltkt 26 djghjcjd.Dhtvz yf htitybt - 25 vbyen.

D hfpltkt lfys hfpkbxyst rfntujhbb djghjcjd% ckjdf b dshf;tybz> fyfkjubb> ljgjkytybt ghtlkj;tybq> kjubrf b gjybvfybt ghjxbnfyyjuj. R rf;ljve djghjce ghtlkfuf/ncz xtnsht dfhbfynf jndtnf. Cktletn ds,hfnm yfb,jktt gjl[jlzobq dfhbfyn jndtnf yf rf;lsq djghjc b jnvtnbnm tuj yjvth d yflkt;fotv vtcnt yf kbcnt jndtnjd.

Ckjdf b dshf;tybz !djghjcs 1-4@

D cktle/ob[ djghjcf[ hfccvfnhbdf/ncz pyfxtybz ckjd b dshf;tybq. Dybvfntkmyj ghjxnbnt rf;lsq djghjc b jndtnmnt yf ytuj d cjjndtncndbb c nht,jdfybzvb.

1. Pyfxtybtv ckjdf jckfdbnm zdkztncz%

(1) j,vfyenm(2) jgjpjhbnm (3) evtymibnm (4) hfphtibnm

2. Pyfxtybtv ckjdf rjhhtrnysq zdkztncz%

(1) vtlktyysq (2) ghzvjq (3) rhtgrbq (4) dt;kbdsq

3. Rfrjt bp ghbdtltyys[ dshf;tybq ljgjkyztn lfyyjt ghtlkj;tybt yfbkexibv j,hfpjv*

Yt j,zpfntkmyj ,snm > xnj,s ljuflfnmcz> rnj pfbynthtcjdfy d ltitdjq hf,jxtq cbkt.

(1) jke[jv wfhz yt,tcyjuj (2) ctvb gzltq dj k,e (3) dtkbrbv frnthjv (4) k/,bntktv yf;bds

4. Pyfxtybtv dshf;tybz djpdjlbnm yfghfckbye zdkztncz% (1) pfybvfnmcz ,tccvscktyyjq hf,jnjq (2) ghbrkflsdfnm xhtpvthyst ecbkbz (3) jrktdtnfnm (4) hfcnhfnbnm

- 3 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Fyfkjubb !djghjcs 5-10@

D rf;ljv djghjct lfyf gfhf dsltktyys[ ;bhysv ihbanjv ckjd. Yfqlbnt cjjnyjitybt vt;le pyfxtybzvb 'nb[ lde[ ckjd b ds,thbnt bp ghtlkj;tyys[ jndtnjd ne gfhe ckjd> cjjnyjitybt vt;le rjnjhsvb yfb,jktt gj[j;t yf yfqltyyjt Dfvb cjjnyjitybt.J,hfnbnt dybvfybt% gjhzljr ckjd d gfht bvttn pyfxtybt.

5. kjgfnf % ,ekmljpth -

(1) crfkrf % gtxm (2) hfcxtcrf % otnrf (3) dtth % dtynbkznjh (4) cgbxrf % juytneibntkm

6. gjlckeibdfybt % ckeifybt -

(1) ghbpyfybt dbyjdysv % cel (2) afkmcbabrfwbz % gjlkbyyjcnm (3) rhf;f % dpznbt (4) hfcnhfnf % ghfdjyfheitybt

7. ,sk hfphtity % hfphtityysq -

(1) ,sk gjrhsn % jrenfyysq (2) ,sk gjvtoty % cjlth;fobq (3) ,sk hfpukfity % ctrhtnysq (4) ,sk bcghfdkty % jib,jxysq

8. ukj,ec % ptvyjq ifh -

(1) ubvy % gtcyz (2) dtnth % ,ehz (3) cbvgnjv % ,jktpym (4) gjhnhtn % kbwj

9. ,tpds[jlyjcnm % ds,jh -

(1) ybxmz % gthtdtc (2) hfpyjukfcbz % vytybt (3) n/htvyjt pfrk/xtybt % fvybcnbz (4) gjdjhjn % ntyltywbz

10. egkfnbk % ljku -

(1) jnhbwfk % dbyf (2) yfheibk % ytbcghfdyjcnm (3) cjtlbybk % hfphsd (4) jghfdlfk % j,(zcytybt

- 4 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Ljgjkytybt ghtlkj;tybq !djghjcs 11-15@

D rf;ljv djghjct lfyj ghtlkj;tybt> d rjnjhjv yt [dfnftn ytcrjkmrb[ ckjd. Cktletn ljgjkybnm ghtlkj;tybt c gjvjom/ yfb,jktt gjl[jlzotq uheggs ckjd bp xtnsht[> lfyys[ gjckt ghtlkj;tybz.

11. Rfxtcndj cnfntq> jge,kbrjdfyys[ d 'njv yjvtht> yt jlbyfrjdj. Vyjubt bp yb[ b cjplf/n dgtxfnktybt> xnj > f lheubt > b ghb b[ xntybb crkflsdftncz dgtxfnktybt> xnj .

(1) dspsdf/n bynthtc> jnkbxf/ncz cjlth;fntkmyjcnm/ # b[ yfgbcfyb/ ghtlitcndjdfkb vyjujktnybt bccktljdfybz # zdkz/ncz ljdjkmyj gjdth[yjcnysvb # htlfrnjh ghjbpdtk nofntkmysq jn,jh ghtlcnfdktyys[ yf tuj hfccvjnhtybt vfnthbfkjd

(2) yfgbcfys ,tpuhfvjnysv zpsrjv # d ;ehyfkt djj,ot yt ltkf/n rjhhtrnehe # cjlth;fn ghbvbnbdyst ajhvekbhjdrb # htlfrnjh [fkfnyj jnytccz r cdjbv j,zpfyyjcnzv

(3) jnkbxf/ncz uke,byjq b njxyjcnm/ # jyb ,skb yfgbcfys yt,ht;yj # zdkz/ncz ljdjkmyj gjdth[yjcnysvb # htlfrnjh djj,ot yt gjnhelbkcz ghjxtcnm b[

(4) jnkbxf/ncz uke,byjq # htlfrnjh ghjbpdtk nofntkmysq jn,jh ghtlcnfdktyys[ yf tuj hfccvjnhtybt vfnthbfkjd # zdkz/ncz d dscitq cntgtyb gjdth[yjcnysvb # b[ yfgbcfkb kbim `gj j,zpfyyjcnb$

12. Gthtdjlxbr hjvfyf `Rjhjkm$ htibk ahfuvtyns> d rjnjhs[ dszdbkbcm ghjnbdjhtxbz d c/;tnt hjvfyf. Nfrbv j,hfpjv ,skj gjkextyj ghjbpdtltybt> > yj xbnfntkm 'njuj gthtdjlf > xnj gjpyfrjvbkcz c ghjbpdtltybtv d njv dblt> d rjnjhjv jyj ,skj yfgbcfyj. L;taathcjy> rjnjhsq gjkfuftn> xnj dthyjcnm jhbubyfke zdkztncz df;ytqibv nht,jdfybtv dj dhtvz gthtdjlf> endth;lftn> xnj htitybt gthtdjlxbrf

jghfdlfyysv.

(1) bcghfdbnm # rjnjhjt> djpvj;yj> zdkztncz kjubxtcrb vtytt cnhjqysv> xtv jhbubyfk # yt cvj;tn crfpfnm # ,skj

(2) gthtdtcnb d njxyjcnb b # cnhflf/ott ghjnbdjhtxbzvb # vj;tn ,snm edthty d njv # yt ,skj

(3) gthtdtcnb d njxyjcnb b # kbityyjt dyenhtyytq kjubxtcrjq cnhjqyjcnb # yt vj;tn crfpfnm # ,skj

(4) bcghfdbnm # rjnjhjt> ltqcndbntkmyj> zdkztncz kjubxtcrb ,jktt cnhjqysv # yt vj;tn crfpfnm # yt ,skj

13. D [jlt bccktljdfybz ltntq> rjnjhsv ghjdjlbkb vtlbwbycrbt ghjwtlehs> dszcybkjcm> xnj j,(zcytybz> lfyyst dhfxfvb jnyjcbntkmyj [fhfrnthf 'nb[ ghjwtleh> ecgjrfbdfkb ltntq

> xtv ghjzdktybz pf,jns cj cnjhjys b[ hjlbntktq. "njn dsdjl ubgjntpe> d cjjndtncndbb c rjnjhjq jncencndbt byajhvfwbb j njv> xnj ljk;yj ghjbpjqnb> zdkztncz

ghbxbyjq nhtdjub> rjnjhe/ joeof/n ltnb. jnrfpfkjcm jn cdjtuj htitybz dsgecnbnm cthb/ hfp(zcybntkmys[ ,hji/h> ghtlyfpyfxtyys[ lkz ltntq> rjnjhsv ljk;ys ghjdtcnb vtlbwbycrbt ghjwtlehs.

(1) yt vtymit # gjlndth;lftn # ukfdyjq # Ytcvjnhz yf 'nj> vbybcnthcndj plhfdjj[hfytybz yt

(2) yt vtymit # gjlrhtgkztn # kbim dnjhjcntgtyyjq # Ytcvjnhz yf 'nj> vbybcnthcndj plhfdjj[hfytybz yt

(3) ujhfplj vtymit # jckf,kztn # ukfdyjq # Ytcvjnhz yf 'nj> vbybcnthcndj plhfdjj[hfytybz

(4) yt vtymit # jckf,kztn # kbim dnjhjcntgtyyjq # Ytcvjnhz yf 'nj> vbybcnthcndj plhfdjj[hfytybz

- 5 - B/km 2012 ujlf



14. Z gjkfuf/> xnj ltqcndbz vbybcnhf> yfghfdktyyst yf cnhjbntkmcndf vyjuj'nf;ys[ plfybq d ujhjlt> > xnj cntgtym tuj rjvgtntynyjcnb d catht 'rjkjubb > gjcrjkmre fkmnthyfnbdf d dblt cnhjbntkmcndf jnltkmyjuj ljvf lkz rf;ljq ctvmb d yfitv htubjyt.

(1) ghjldb;tybt # hfcrhsdf/n njn afrn # ljdjkmyj ybprf # cgjcj,yf yfytcnb yt vtytt nz;rbq eoth, akjht b afeyt

(2) gjjohtybt # erfpsdf/n yf nj # ljdjkmyj dscjrf # eybxnj;bn gjcktlybt eujkrb ;bdjq ghbhjls> jcnfdibtcz

(3) ghbjcnfyjdktybt # yt ljrfpsdf/n # dscjrf # cj[hfybn gjcktlybt eujkrb ;bdjq ghbhjls

(4) pfvjhf;bdfybt # cdbltntkmcnde/n j njv # jxtym vfkf # yt ghbxbybn pyfxbntkmyjuj dhtlf akjht b afeyt

15. D gjcktlytt ltcznbktnbt dszcybkjcm> xnj rktnrb uhb,jd> gjlj,yj rktnrfv xtkjdtxtcrjuj jhufybpvf> j,kflf/n zlhjv> ljgjkybntkmyst xthns c[jlcndf vt;le rktnrfvb lde[ lfyys[ dbljd. Jyb c elbdktybtv j,yfhe;bkb> % jrfpfkjcm> xnj >

ghbcencnde/ob[ d rktnrf[ xtkjdtxtcrjuj jhufybpvf> ghbcencnde/n nfr;t b d uhb,f[> b 'njn afrn rktnjr uhb,jd d wtkz[ bpextybz xtkjdtxtcrjuj jhufybpvf yf b[ ghbvtht.

(1) b gj'njve extyst htibkb gjbcrfnm # yfcrjkmrj dtkbrj c[jlcndj vt;le ybvb # kbim ybxnj;yj vfkjt xbckj vt[fybpvjd # lfk bccktljdfntkzv cnbvek lkz ghjljk;tybz bpextybz

(2) yj> ytcvjnhz yf 'nj> extyst yt j;blfkb yfqnb # xnj ceotcndetn ,jkmijt c[jlcndj vt;le rktnrfvb 'nb[ dbljd # ,jkmibycndj ,bjkjubxtcrb[ vt[fybpvjd # pfcnfdbk b[ ghtrhfnbnm bcgjkmpjdfybt

(3) yj> ytcvjnhz yf 'nj> extyst yt j;blfkb yfqnb # xnj ytn ,jkmijuj c[jlcndf vt;le rktnrfvb 'nb[ dbljd # kbim ybxnj;yj vfkjt xbckj vt[fybpvjd # kbibk bccktljdfntktq ;tkfybz ghjljk;bnm bpextybt

(4) b gj'njve extyst htibkb gjbcrfnm # yfcrjkmrj dtkbrj c[jlcndj vt;le ybvb # ,jkmibycndj ,bjkjubxtcrb[ vt[ybpvjd # lfk bccktljdfntkzv cnbvek lkz ghjljk;tybz bpextybz

Kjubrf !djghjcs 16-20@

16. "lbr hfccrfpfk Ybrjkf/> xnj jy cj,bhftncz bpexbnm gjkmcrbq zpsr> xnj,s gjkexbnm djpvj;yjcnm ghjxtcnm bpdtcnye/ rybue gjkmcrjuj bcnjhbrf <tkmcrjuj j Cnjktnytq djqyt. Yf 'nj Ybrjkfq jndtnbk tve% `"nj yfgjvbyftn gthtghfde xthtp htre dgkfdm> d nj dhtvz rfr ghzvj yfl nj,jq yf[jlbncz vjcn$.

Rfrjt bp cktle/ob[ ghtlkj;tybq vj;tn ,snm ghjljk;tybtv ckjd Ybrjkfz*

(1) `Dtlm rybuf <tkmcrjuj lfdyj bplfyf d gthtdjlt yf heccrbq zpsr$. (2) `Dtlm rybuf <tkmcrjuj cxbnftncz jlyjq bp cfvs[ gkj[b[ rybu j Cnjktnytq djqyt$. (3) `Dtlm gjkmcrbq zpsr zdkztncz jlybv bp cfvs[ kturb[ lkz bpextybz$. (4) `Dtlm ceotcndetn vyj;tcndj lheub[ rybu j Cnjktnytq djqyt> yfgbcfyys[ yf

gjkmcrjv zpsrt$.

- 6 - B/km 2012 ujlf



17. L-h <fhcrfz endth;lftn> xnj ltnb dct[ djphfcnjd kexit ecdfbdf/n gjexbntkmyst vsckb> cjlth;fobtcz d ltncrb[ cnb[jndjhtybz[> d njv ckexft> tckb jyb gthtlf/ncz ytzdysv j,hfpjv. D rfxtcndt ghbvthf cnb[jndjhtybz> jndtxf/otuj 'njve nht,jdfyb/> jyf ghbdjlbn cnb[jndjhtybt `Vehfdtq$> d rjnjhjv hfccrfpxbr yt pfzdkztn yfghzve/> xnj nheljk/,bt zdkztncz pfvtxfntkmysv rfxtcndjv> yj dshf;ftn cdjt djc[botybt vehfdmtv> bpj,hf;tyysv d rfxtcndt nheljk/,bdjuj ceotcndf> b 'nj djc[botybt ljk;yj gthtyjcbnmcz yf nheljk/,bt rfr rfxtcndj.

Rfrjq bp cktle/ob[ afrnjd ghjnbdjhtxbn endth;ltyb/ l-hf <fhcrjq*

(1) Yf pfgjvbyfybt cnb[jndjhtybq ltnmvb ltncfljdcrjuj djphfcnf d gthde/ jxthtlm dkbztn rjkbxtcndj hbav d cnb[jndjhtybb.

(2) Vyjubt ltnb ghjnbdzncz zdysv yhfdjextybzv b jnrfpsdf/ncz dj dnjhjq hfp ckeifnm cnb[jndjhtybz> d rjnjhs[ cjlth;fncz gjlj,yst yhfdjextybz.

(3) Gtlfujub gjkfuf/n> xnj djcgbnfybt d ltnz[ nheljk/,bz zdkztncz ljcnjzybtv ghjikjuj b xnj ctujlyz cktletn djcgbnsdfnm d yb[ ytpfdbcbvjt b jhbubyfkmyjt vsiktybt.

(4) Gjybvfybt ytzdys[ vscktq d cnb[jndjhtybb nht,etn cgjcj,yjcnb r j,j,otyb/> rjnjhfz e ,jkmibycndf ltntq hfpdbdftncz kbim d irjkmyjv djphfcnt.

18. Fylhtq> Gfdtk> Cthutq b Rbhbkk - xtnsht ,hfnf hfpkbxyjuj djphfcnf> rf;lsq bp rjnjhs[ bkb dctulf ujdjhbn ghfdle> bkb dctulf k;tn. Xtndthj ,hfnmtd j,vtyzkbcm cktle/obvb ahfpfvb%

Fylhtq% `Z cfvsq cnfhibq bp yfc xtndths[$. Gfdtk% `Z cfvsq vkflibq bp yfc xtndths[$. Cthutq% `Gfdtk - cfvsq cnfhibq bp yfc xtndths[$. Rbhbkk% `Cthutq k;tn$.

Rfrjdj yfb,jkmitt djpvj;yjt xbckj k;twjd chtlb ,hfnmtd*

(1) Jlby. (2) Ldf. (3) Nhb. (4) Xtnsht.

19. Lfyyjt F% Njkmrj d <hfpbkbb ;bden gjgeufb> rjnjhst yt evt/n hfpujdfhbdfnm. Lfyyjt <% Dct gjgeufb d <hfpbkbb yt evt/n hfpujdfhbdfnm.

Endth;ltybt% Tckb gjgeufq {hbcnjajh evttn hfpujdfhbdfnm> nj jy yt ;bdtn d <hfpbkbb.

"nj endth;ltybt cktletn bp -

(1) lfyyjuj F> yj yt bp lfyyjuj < (2) lfyyjuj <> yj yt bp lfyyjuj F (3) bp rf;ljuj bp 'nb[ lfyys[ d jnltkmyjcnb (4) njkmrj bp cjxtnfybz 'nb[ lde[ lfyys[

20. Bpdtcnyj> xnj% - <jhz k/,bn dct[ k/ltq> rjnjhst k/,zn Lfy/> b njkmrj b[. - Ujif k/,bn dct[ k/ltq> rjnjhst k/,zn Lfy/> b njkmrj b[. - <jhz yt k/,bn Ujie.

Gj'njve> ytdjpvj;yj> xnj -

(1) Ujif k/,bn <jh/ (2) Ujif yt k/,bn Lfy/ (3) Ujif k/,bn cfvjuj ct,z (4) Lfyz k/,bn Ujie

- 7 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Gjybvfybt ghjxbnfyyjuj !djghjcs 21-26@Dybvfntkmyj ghjxnbnt cktle/obq jnhsdjr b jndtnmnt yf cktle/obt pf ybv djghjcs.

(1) Xtkjdtxtcndj hfcgjkfufkj gjlhj,ysvb cdtltybzvb d j,kfcnb fcnhjyjvbb e;t yf pfht wbdbkbpfwbb. Gjlhj,yst xthnt;b> nf,kbws> yf,k/ltybz> dsxbcktybz b ghjuyjps ltkfkbcm d Tubgnt b Dfdbkjyt nsczxb ktn yfpfl> jlyfrj ,jktt gjplyzz uhtxtcrfz fcnhjyjvbz cnfkf gthdjq> ljcnjqyjq yfpsdfnmcz gjlkbyyj yfexyjq ntjhbtq.

(5) Dfdbkjyzyt b tubgnzyt ltkfkb ghjuyjps yf jcyjdfybb cdjtuj pyfrjvcndf c wbrkfvb ldb;tybz pdtpl d ghjikjv. D jnkbxbt jn yb[> uhtxtcrbq abkjcja b fcnhjyjv Fhbcnjntkm pfybvfkcz fcnhjyjvbtq yt njkmrj lkz njuj> xnj,s jgbcfnm rfhnbye yt,f. Jy nfr;t cnfhfkcz j,(zcybnm yt,tcyst zdktybz rfr ghbxbyyj-cktlcndtyye/ wtgjxre> rjnjhfz cjcnjbn bp gjkj;tybq> dsntrf/ob[ lheu bp lheuf d cjjndtncndbb c pfrjyfvb abpbrb.

(10) Cjukfcyj Fhbcnjntk/ lkz gjcnhjtybz yfexyjq ntjhbb ytj,[jlbvj ght;lt dctuj hfphf,jnfnm j,ott extybt j pfrjyf[ ghbhjls> f pfntv ghbvtybnm 'nb pfrjys r rjyrhtnysv ghbhjlysv zdktybzv. Jlby bp jcyjdys[ pfrjyjd fhbcnjntktdjq abpbrb

ukfcbn> xnj ldb;tybt yt,tcys[ ntk dctulf zdkztncz bltfkmysv rheujdsv ldb;tybtv. D cjjndtncndbb c 'nbv pdtpls ldb;encz djrheu ptvyjuj ifhf gj ghjcnjq rheujdjq jh,bnt

(15) b cj[hfyz/n gjcnjzyyjt hfccnjzybt jn ytuj.

Ghjikj kbim ytvyjuj dhtvtyb> b d fhbcnjntktdjq vjltkb j,yfhe;bkbcm ytljcnfnrb. Tt cfvjq zdyjq ckf,jcnm/ ,skf ytcgjcj,yjcnm j,(zcybnm bpvtytybz d dblbvjq dtkbxbyt b zhrjcnb pdtpls. Gnjktvtq> ;bdibq yf xtnshtcnf ktn gjplytt Fhbcnjntkz> ghtlkj;bk cgjcj, ecnhfytybz 'njuj ytljcnfnrf. Jy j,(zcybk bpvtytybz dblbvjq dtkbxbys b

(20) zhrjcnb bpvtytybtv hfccnjzybz vt;le pdtpljq b ptvysv ifhjv. Lheubvb ckjdfvb> pdtpls yt dhfof/ncz djrheu ptvyjuj ifhf gj ghjcnjve rheue> f ldb;encz gj ,jktt ckj;ysv jh,bnfv nfrbv j,hfpjv> xnj hfccnjzybt vt;le ybvb b ptvysv ifhjv yt zdkztncz gjcnjzyysv. Extybt Gnjktvtz ghtlcnfdkzkj cj,jq dthibye hfpdbnbz uhtxtcrjq fcnhjyjvbb d njv> xnj rfcfkjcm cgjcj,yjcnb r ghjuyjpbhjdfyb/ b cjjndtncndbz

(25) yf,k/ltybzv. Jlyfrj jyj gjhjlbkj ghj,ktve% cjukfcyj hfphf,jnfyyjq Gnjktvttv vjltkb pdtpls yt gjdbye/ncz fhbcnjntktdsv pfrjyfv ldb;tybz> ytcvjnhz yf nj xnj fhbcnjntktde abpbre ,skj ghbyznj cxbnfnm cfvsv gjkysv b dthysv j,(zcytybtv ptvys[ zdktybq.

"nf ghj,ktvf jxtym ,tcgjrjbkf extys[ chtlytdtrjdmz. C jlyjq cnjhjys> tckb ,s jyb(30) gj-ght;ytve ghblth;bdfkbcm ghbywbgjd fhbcnjntktdjq abpbrb d jnyjitybb yt,tcys[

ntk> nj jyb yt vjukb ,s j,(zcybnm nj> xnj dbltkb cj,cndtyysvb ukfpfvb. C lheujq cnjhjys> tckb ,s jyb ghbyzkb vjltkm Gnjktvtz> nj bv ghbikjcm ,s ghbpyfnm> xnj

fhbcnjntktdf abpbrf ytghbvtybvf r yt,tcysv ntkfv. Xnj,s ghtjljktnm 'ne ckj;yjcnm> ytrjnjhst bp chtlytdtrjds[ vsckbntktq hfphf,jnfkb jcj,sq> n. y.(35) `bycnhevtynfkbcncrbq$ gjl[jl r fcnhjyjvbb. Jy hfccvfnhbdfk yfexye/ ntjhb/ d

rfxtcndt ghb,jhf> dsxbckbntkmyjuj bycnhevtynf lkz ghjuyjpbhjdfybz yf,k/ltybq> yj yt d rfxtcndt chtlcndf> c gjvjom/ rjnjhjuj vj;yj gjyznm ceoyjcnm vbhf. "njn gjl[jl vj;yj ghbvtybnm r yfert d wtkjv> rfr 'nj ltkftn hzl abkjcjajd yferb d yfib lyb. Vj;yj nfr;t ghbvtybnm tuj r juhfybxtyyjq j,kfcnb yferb> rfr gjcnegbkb ytrjnjhst

(40) chtlytdtrjdst vsckbntkb d jnyjitybb gnjktvttdjq fcnhjyjvbb> xnj gjpdjkbkj bv yt jnrfpsdfnmcz jn cdjtq e,t;ltyyjcnb d dthyjcnb fhbcnjntktdjq abpbrb lkz j,(zcytybz ptvys[ zdktybq. D jcyjdt 'njq rjywtgwbb kt;fkb nfr;t cjj,hf;tybz htkbubjpyjuj [fhfrnthf% xtkjdtr cgjcj,ty b ljk;ty gjyznm ghbhjle dtotq b zdktybq> rjnjhsvb> cjukfcyj <j;tcndtyyjve gjdtktyb/> jy ljk;ty eghfdkznm yf ptvkt. Jlyfrj xtkjdtre yt

(45) cktletn bpexfnm nj> xnj dsit tuj hfpevtybz% jy vj;tn jgbcsdfnm gjkj;tybt yt,tcys[ ntk> yf,k/lfnm pf b[ jh,bnfvb b lf;t ghjuyjpbhjdfnm b[ ldb;tybt> yj kbim <ju pyftn b gjybvftn ghbxbys yt,tcys[ zdktybq.

- 8 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Djghjcs 21. C gjvjom/ dsltktybz ckjd `jgbcfnm$ b `j,(zcybnm$ d gthdjv f,pfwt fdnjh gsnftncz -

(1) gjrfpfnm> rfrbv j,hfpjv vj;yj j,(zcybnm yt,tcyst zdktybz kbim ghb gjvjob yf,k/ltybz pf yt,jv

(2) ghjltvjycnhbhjdfnm hfpkbxbt vt;le dtltybtv yf,k/ltybq b pfgbctq b ajhvekbhjdrjq yfexyjq ntjhbb

(3) yfvtryenm yf nj> xnj> d jnkbxbt jn cdjb[ ghtlitcndtyybrjd> Fhbcnjntkm pfybvfkcz yt njkmrj ajhvekbhjdrjq pfrjyjd abpbrb

(4) gjrfpfnm> xnj d yfexyjq ntjhbb tcnm vtcnj b lkz yf,k/ltybq

22. Cjukfcyj gthdjve f,pfwe hfpkbxbt vt;le fcnhjyjvbxtcrjq ntjhbtq Fhbcnjntkz b fcnhjyjvbxtcrbvb cdtltybzvb> rjnjhsvb hfcgjkfufkb tubgnzyt b dfdbkjyzyt>

pfrk/xftncz d -

(1) njv afrnt> xnj Fhbcnjntkm yt ltkfk ghjuyjpjd yf jcyjdfybb pyfybz wbrkjd ldb;tybz pdtpl d ghjikjv

(2) pfrjyf[ ghbhjls> yf jcyjdfybb rjnjhs[ Fhbcnjntkm cnhjbk cdj/ ntjhb/ b rjnjhst jnkbxfkbcm jn pfrjyjd ghbhjls> yf jcyjdfybb rjnjhs[ cnhjbkb cdjb fcnhjyjvbxtcrbt ntjhbb tubgnzyt b dfdbkjyzyt

(3) yfexyjq njxyjcnb yf,k/ltybq> dsxbcktybq b ghjuyjpjd> cjlth;fob[cz d fcnhjyjvbxtcrjq ntjhbb Fhbcnjntkz

(4) cnhtvktybb Fhbcnjntkz gjcnhjbnm cdj/ fcnhjyjvbxtcre/ ntjhb/ yf jcyjdfybb j,ob[ pfrjyjd ghbhjls

23. Ghtlkj;tybt `D cjjndtncndbb c 'nbv pdtpls... jn ytuj$ !cnhjrb 13-15@ ghbdtltyj d lfyyjv jnhsdrt d rfxtcndt ghbvthf -

(1) jgbcfybz rfhnbys yt,tcys[ ntk cjukfcyj yf,k/ltybzv Fhbcnjntkz (2) ghbxbyyj-cktlcndtyyjq wtgjxrb gjkj;tybq> dsntrf/ob[ lheu bp lheuf (3) ghbvtytybz j,otuj pfrjyf ghbhjls r xfcnysv zdktybzv (4) hfpkbxbq vt;le ntjhbtq Fhbcnjntkz b gjl[jljv lhtdyb[ tubgnzy b dfdbkjyzy d

jnyjitybb cgjcj,yjcnb ghjuyjpbhjdfybz

24. fcnhjyjvbb Fhbcnjntkz> cjukfcyj vjltkb Gnjktvtz pdtpls gjcnjzyyjt hfccnjzybt jn Ptvkb.

(1) D jnkbxbt jn # cj[hfyz/n (2) Gjlj,yj # cj[hfyz/n (3) D jnkbxbt jn # yt cj[hfyz/n (4) Gjlj,yj # yt cj[hfyz/n

25. Xnj vj;tn ,snm ntv> xnj jyb `dbltkb cj,cndtyysvb ukfpfvb$ !cnhjrf 31@*

(1) Gjdbyjdtybt pdtpl fhbcnjntktdsv pfrjyfv ldb;tybz. (2) Ptvyst zdktybz> rjnjhst fhbcnjntktdf abpbrf j,(zcyzkf e,tlbntkmysv j,hfpjv.

(3) Bpvtytybz dblbvjq dtkbxbys pdtpls b tt zhrjcnb. (4) Rheujdjt ldb;tybt pdtpl djrheu Ptvkb.

26. Abkjcjas yferb> egjvbyftvst d cnhjrt 38> endth;lf/n> xnj -

(1) fhbcnjntktdf fcnhjyjvbz yt zdkztncz gjlkbyyjq yferjq b gj'njve yt jgbcsdftn vbh nfrbv> rfrjd jy tcnm

(2) j,obt pfrjys yferb ghbvtybvs kbim r ptvysv zdktybzv> yj yt r yt,tcysv ntkfv (3) yferf yt ghbpdfyf gjvjxm gjyznm vbh nfrbv> rfrjd jy tcnm> b zdkztncz kbim

bycnhevtynjv ghjuyjpbhjdfybz (4) xtkjdtr cgjcj,ty gjyznm ghbhjle ptvys[ zdktybq> yj yt yt,tcyst zdktybz

- 9 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Gecnfz cnhfybwf

- 10 - B/km 2012 ujlf


Ckjdtcyjt vsiktybt> hfpltk dnjhjq

Ckjdtcyjt vsiktybtD 'njv hfpltkt 26 djghjcjd.Dhtvz yf htitybt - 25 vbyen.

D hfpltkt lfys hfpkbxyst rfntujhbb djghjcjd% ckjdf b dshf;tybz> fyfkjubb> ljgjkytybt ghtlkj;tybq> kjubrf b gjybvfybt ghjxbnfyyjuj. R rf;ljve djghjce ghtlkfuf/ncz xtnsht dfhbfynf jndtnf. Cktletn ds,hfnm yfb,jktt gjl[jlzobq dfhbfyn jndtnf yf rf;lsq djghjc b jnvtnbnm tuj yjvth d yflkt;fotv vtcnt yf kbcnt jndtnjd. Ckjdf b dshf;tybz !djghjcs 1-4@

D cktle/ob[ djghjcf[ hfccvfnhbdf/ncz pyfxtybz ckjd b dshf;tybq. Dybvfntkmyj ghjxnbnt rf;lsq djghjc b jndtnmnt yf ytuj d cjjndtncndbb c nht,jdfybzvb.

1. Ckjdjv> ghjnbdjgjkj;ysv gj cvscke ckjde htnhjuhfl> zdkztncz%

(1) gtccbvbcn (2) bltfkbcn (3) afyafhjy (4) htajhvfnjh

2. Ckjdjv> ghjnbdjgjkj;ysv gj cvscke ckjde atthbxtcrbq> zdkztncz%

(1) ytcrjyxftvsq (2) j,sltyysq (3) ytkjubxysq (4) ytye;ysq

3. Pyfxtybtv ckjdf bcnerfy zdkztncz%

(1) bljk (2) lbrfhm (3) dtkbrfy (4) rjkley

4. Rfrjt bp ghbdtltyys[ yb;t ckjd ljgjkyztn cktle/ott ghtlkj;tybt yfbkexibv j,hfpjv*

Djtyyfz htajhvf ghj,bkf yfcnjkmrj cthmtpye/ d ujcelfhcndtyyjv ,/l;tnt> xnj ghfdbntkmcndj ,skj dsye;ltyj edtkbxbnm yfkjub.

(1) gktim (2) lshe (3) ,htim (4) ghjgfcnm

- 11 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Fyfkjubb !djghjcs 5-10@

D rf;ljv djghjct lfyf gfhf dsltktyys[ ;bhysv ihbanjv ckjd. Yfqlbnt cjjnyjitybt vt;le pyfxtybzvb 'nb[ lde[ ckjd b ds,thbnt bp ghtlkj;tyys[ jndtnjd ne gfhe ckjd> cjjnyjitybt vt;le rjnjhsvb yfb,jktt gj[j;t yf yfqltyyjt Dfvb cjjnyjitybt.J,hfnbnt dybvfybt% gjhzljr ckjd d gfht bvttn pyfxtybt.

5. ghbghfdkzk % cjkbk -

(1) bcrjhtyzk % eybxnj;fk (2) ghtlgjkfufk % pyfk (3) ntcfk rfvyb % cnhjbk (4) ljrevtynbhjdfk % ajnjuhfabhjdfk

6. gj,elbk ;thndjdfnm % crhzuf -

(1) rjhvbk % j,;jhf (2) njxyj bcgjkyzk % gtlfynbxysq (3) ,tcgjrjbk % ,tpvznt;ysq (4) lhfpybk % pflbhf

7. ghtcktljdfk % ljuyfk -

(1) ueltk % ievtk (2) bydtcnbhjdfk % gjkexbk ghb,skm (3) ghjcbk % eghfibdfk (4) pfcnfdkzk vjkxfnm % pfvjkxfk

8. elfh % lhfrf -

(1) gbcmvj % gthtgbcrf (2) rhtgjcnm % erhtgktybt (3) [jkjl % ghjcnelf (4) 'gbltvbz % pfhf;tybt

9. gjn % yfghzufnmcz -

(1) hbceyjr % hbcjdfnm (2) htrf % gthtghfdkznmcz (3) elj,htybt % hfcnb (4) otgrf % he,bnm

10. yfbkexibv j,hfpjv % evtksq -

(1) lj,hjdjkmyj % lj,hjdjktw (2) dgkjnye/ % ghb,kb;f/obq (3) jghfdlfyyj % jghfdlsdf/obq (4) ,scnhj % ecrjhz/obq

- 12 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Ljgjkytybt ghtlkj;tybq !djghjcs 11-15@

D rf;ljv djghjct lfyj ghtlkj;tybt> d rjnjhjv yt [dfnftn ytcrjkmrb[ ckjd. Cktletn ljgjkybnm ghtlkj;tybt c gjvjom/ yfb,jktt gjl[jlzotq uheggs ckjd bp xtnsht[> lfyys[ gjckt ghtlkj;tybz.

11. Lbhtrnjh abhvs cnjhjyybrjv ghjbpdjlcndf gthcjyfkmys[ rjvgm/nthjd> jy ghbpyfk> xnj kbim c ybvb cdzpfys yflt;ls yf 'rjyjvbxtcrbq ecgt[> yf 'njv hsyrt. abhvf cevtkf ds;bnm b lf;t lj,bnmcz 'rjyjvbxtcrjuj ghjwdtnfybz.

(1) gjyfxfke yt ,sk # b> [jnz # abhvf yt jnrfpfkfcm jn ltzntkmyjcnb # Gj'njve(2) c cfvjuj yfxfkf ,sk # b> gjcrjkmre # abhvf cnfkf ltqcndjdfnm # Djghtrb 'njve>(3) gjyfxfke yt ,sk # b njkmrj njulf> rjulf # abhvf cnfkf ltqcndjdfnm # <kfujlfhz 'njve (4) gjyfxfke ,sk # b> gjcrjkmre # abhvf jnrfpfkfcm jn ltzntkmyjcnb # <kfujlfhz 'njve

12. Celmz ntyltywb/ dkfcntq nhtnbq gfhfuhfa Ujnncrjq rjydtywbb> pfzdbd> xnj tt ukfdysv gfhfuhfajv> vj;yj yt ghbvtyznm tuj> yt cjukfcetncz c

ghbvtytybtv lheub[ tt gfhfuhfajd.

(1) gjldthu rhbnbrt # buyjhbhjdfnm d hzlt ckexftd # gjcrjkmre jy zdkztncz # rjulf 'nj(2) gjllth;fk # dctulf ghbvtyznm # [jnz jy zdkztncz # pf bcrk/xtybtv nt[ ckexftd> rjulf

'nj(3) gjldthu rhbnbrt # dctulf ghbvtyznm # gjcrjkmre jy zdkztncz # yj kbim d

j,cnjzntkmcndf[> ghb rjnjhs[ tuj ghbvtytybt(4) gjllth;fk # buyjhbhjdfnm d ytrjnjhs[ ckexfz[ # gjcrjkmre jy yt zdkztncz # rjulf 'nj

13. ghtlgjkfufkf> xnj jnrfpfkfcm ,s jn exfcnbz d Jkbvgbqcrb[ buhf[> . Ntgthm> rjulf vjb ghtlgjkj;tybz jghfdlfkbcm> > xnj htibkf exfcndjdfnm.

(1) Lf;t tckb ,s z yt # pfdj// vtlfkm> z yt # [jnz ,s hflb cfvb[ joeotybq # z ntv ,jktt hflf

(2) Lf;t tckb ,s z # yt pfdj// vtlfkm> z yt # exbnsdfz gjxtn> cdzpfyysq c pfdjtdfybtv vtlfkb # z hflf

(3) Lf;t tckb ,s z # pfdj// vtlfkm> z # xnj,s bp,t;fnm dybvfybz ghtccs # z hflf(4) Tckb ,s z yt # pfdj// vtlfkm> z # gjcrjkmre joeotybz cfvb gj ct,t yt cnjzn 'nb[

ecbkbq # z cj;fkt/

14. Ytcvjnhz yf nj xnj ds regbkb gfkmnj gj wtyt> rjnjhfz wtys> htrjvtyljdfyyjq ghjbpdjlbntktv> endth;lfnm> xnj ds regbkb tuj gj wtyt> nfr rfr ds yt pfgkfnbkb ,s pf ytuj tckb ,s ds lj;lfkbcm crbljr d rjywt ctpjyf.

(1) kbim ytvyjuj yb;t # vj;yj # elfxyjq # ,jkmit>(2) dsit # ,eltn ytdthyj # ytdsujlyjq # vtymit> lf;t(3) yb;t # vj;yj # pfdsityyjq # vtymit> lf;t(4) dsit # vj;yj # elfxyjq # ,jkmit htrjvtyljdfyyjq wtys>

- 13 - B/km 2012 ujlf



15. Exbnsdfz jabwbfkmysq ghjuyjp Vbybcnthcndf ctkmcrjuj [jpzqcndf> cjukfcyj rjnjhjve ghtlkj;tybt yf hsyrt htlbcf > Jktu htibk dshfobdfybt htlbcf. Jy gjcnegbk nfr> ytcvjnhz yf nj xnj tuj njdfhbob > endth;lfz> xnj b[ ,jufnsq jgsn erfpsdftn yf nj> xnj wtys yf htlbc gjkexftvjq bv ghb,skb.

(1) pyfxbntkmyj ghtdscbn cghjc # ghtrhfnbnm # gsnfkbcm jnujdjhbnm tuj jn 'njuj # yt gjybpzncz d nfrjq cntgtyb> xnj cvjuen yfytcnb eoth,

(2) egfltn pyfxbntkmyj yb;t cghjcf # ghtrhfnbnm # gsnfkbcm jnujdjhbnm tuj jn 'njuj # gjybpzncz> b 'nj yfytctn ceotcndtyysq eoth,

(3) pyfxbntkmyj ghtdscbn cghjc # ghtrhfnbnm # gjllth;fkb tuj d 'njv # jxtym cbkmyj gjlybvencz> b 'nj ghbdtltn r edtkbxtyb/

(4) egfltn pyfxbntkmyj yb;t cghjcf # edtkbxbnm cdjb dkj;tybz d # gsnfkbcm jnujdjhbnm tuj jn 'njuj # ljk;ys gjlyznmcz> b 'nj ghbdtltn r pyfxbntkmyjve edtkbxtyb/

Kjubrf !djghjcs 16-20@

16. D nht['nf;yjv plfybb !cv. xthnt;@ ;bden Fktrctq> Ctvty b Uhbujhbq !rf;lsq yf lheujv 'nf;t@. Jlby bp nhjb[ - hs;bq> lheujq - ,kjylby> f nhtnbq - ,h/ytn.

Bpdtcnyj> xnj% - Ctvty ;bdtn vt;le ,h/ytnjv b Uhbujhbtv. - <kjylby ;bdtn yf 'nf;t> rjnjhsq yf[jlbncz ytgjchtlcndtyyj gjl 'nf;jv> yf rjnjhjv ;bdtn Fktrctq.

Jnc/lf cktletn> xnj -

(1) ,kjylby ;bdtn yf 'nf;t 1(2) hs;bq ;bdtn yf 'nf;t 2(3) Ctvty - hs;bq(4) Uhbujhbq - hs;bq

17. Bpdtcnyj> xnj% - Dct k/lb c hfp,bnsv cthlwtv j,kflf/n dscjrbv byntkktrnjv. - Ceotcnde/n xthyjdjkjcst k/lb> j,kflf/obt dscjrbv byntkktrnjv. - Yt ceotcndetn j,kflf/ob[ dscjrbv byntkktrnjv xthyjdjkjcs[ k/ltq> xmt cthlwt

hfp,bnj.

Rfrjq bp cktle/ob[ dsdjljd ytghtvtyyj cktletn bp 'nb[ endth;ltybq*

(1) Ceotcnde/n xthyjdjkjcst k/lb> xmt cthlwt yt hfp,bnj.(2) Dct k/lb> j,kflf/obt dscjrbv byntkktrnjv> zdkz/ncz xthyjdjkjcsvb.(3) Dct xthyjdjkjcst k/lb j,kflf/n dscjrbv byntkktrnjv.(4) Ceotcnde/n k/lb c hfp,bnsv cthlwtv> e rjnjhs[ xthyst djkjcs.

18. - Lkz njuj xnj,s ,snm ghbyznsv d rhe;jr hbcjdfybz> rfylblfn ljk;ty pyfnm fyukbqcrbq zpsr> jlyfrj pyfybt fyukbqcrjuj zpsrf yt zdkztncz ljcnfnjxysv lkz ghbtvf.

- Lkz njuj xnj,s ,snm ghbyznsv d rhe;jr crekmgnehs> ljcnfnjxyj njuj> xnj rfylblfn pyftn fyukbqcrbq zpsr> jlyfrj pyfybt fyukbqcrjuj zpsrf yt zdkztncz ytj,[jlbvsv lkz ghbtvf.

Rfrfz bp cktle/ob[ cbnefwbq ytdjpvj;yf*

(1) Rfylblfn ,sk ghbyzn d rhe;jr hbcjdfybz> yj yt d rhe;jr crekmgnehs.(2) Rfylblfn ,sk ghbyzn d rhe;jr crekmgnehs> yj yt d rhe;jr hbcjdfybz.(3) Rfylblfn ,sk ghbyzn rfr d rhe;jr hbcjdfybz> nfr b d rhe;jr crekmgnehs.(4) Rfylblfn yt ,sk ghbyzn yb d jlby bp 'nb[ rhe;rjd.

- 14 - B/km 2012 ujlf



19. Yf djghjc j cvsckt tuj vepsrfkmyjuj ghjbpdtltybz rjvgjpbnjh Vfhr jndtnbk% `Z yt [jxe ujdjhbnm j cdjtv ghjbpdtltybb. Tckb z djpmve ,f,jxre d herb> jyf gjnthztn cgjcj,yjcnm ktnfnm$.

D ckjdf[ Vfhrf -

(1) hfpujdjh j cvsckt ghjbpdtltybz egjlj,kztncz dpznb/ d herb ,f,jxrb(2) enhfnf cvsckf ghjbpdtltybz egjlj,kztncz dpznb/ d herb ,f,jxrb(3) hfpujdjh j cvsckt ghjbpdtltybz egjlj,kztncz cgjcj,yjcnb ,f,jxrb ktnfnm(4) rjvgjpbnjh egjlj,kztncz ,f,jxrt

20. D cdjtq gjcktlytq cnfnmt Iktgvfy endth;lfk> xnj uhf;lfycrfz djqyf d Dth[ytq <fh,eybb dspdfkf jcnhsq 'rjyjvbxtcrbq rhbpbc> gjhfpbdibq 'ne cnhfye. D jndtnyjq cnfnmt Rj,ktyw gbcfk% `Endth;ltybt Iktgvfyf yfgjvbyftn endth;ltybt j njv> xnj edtkbxtybt ghjbpdjlcndf rjks,tktq zdkztncz ghbxbyjq edtkbxtybz hj;lftvjcnb$.

Jnc/lf vj;yj cltkfnm dsdjl j njv> xnj> gj vytyb/ Rj,ktywf> -

(1) uhf;lfycrfz djqyf zdkztncz cktlcndbtv 'rjyjvbxtcrjuj rhbpbcf(2) uhf;lfycrfz djqyf ybrfr yt cdzpfyf c 'rjyjvbxtcrbv rhbpbcjv(3) uhf;lfycrfz djqyf zdkztncz ghbxbyjq 'rjyjvbxtcrjuj rhbpbcf(4) uhf;lfycrfz djqyf b 'rjyjvbxtcrbq rhbpbc zdkz/ncz cktlcndbtv rfrjq-nj nhtnmtq

ghbxbys

Gjybvfybt ghjxbnfyyjuj !djghjcs 21-26@

Dybvfntkmyj ghjxnbnt cktle/obq jnhsdjr b jndtnmnt yf cktle/obt pf ybv djghjcs.

(1) D ntxtybt ldflwfnjuj dtrf vyjubt bccktljdfntkb d j,kfcnb [jhtjkjubb* jcjpyfkb> xnj ceotcndetn gjnht,yjcnm d gjkyjv b njxyjv vtnjlt htubcnhfwbb ldb;tybz> rjnjhsq gjpdjkbn erfpfnm yf ,evfut vtcnjgjkj;tybt ldb;eotujcz ntkf> tuj yfghfdktybt> crjhjcnm b [fhfrnth ldb;tybz> f nfr;t gjkj;tybt dct[ xfcntq ntkf> exfcnde/ob[

* {jhtjkjubz - yfexyjt b [elj;tcndtyyjt bccktljdfybt dct[ ajhv xtkjdtxtcrjuj ldb;tybz

- 15 - B/km 2012 ujlf



(5) d 'njv ldb;tybb. Lkz njuj xnj,s eljdktndjhbnm 'ne gjnht,yjcnm> ,skb hfphf,jnfys hfpkbxyst cbcntvs `pfgbcb ldb;tybz$. {jhtjuhfa ![elj;ybr> pfybvf/obqcz cjplfybtv nfywtd@ bcgjkmpetn pfgbcm ldb;tybz lkz bycnhernf;f nfywjhjd> bcgjkyz/ob[ 'nb nfyws. Gjvbvj 'njuj> jyf nfr;t bcgjkmpetncz d rfxtcndt dcgjvjufntkmyjuj chtlcndf fyfkbpf b bccktljdfybz xtkjdtxtcrb[ ldb;tybq. Dvtcnt c ntv> d gjcktlytt dhtvz bccktljdfntkb

(10) d j,kfcnb [jhtjkjubb b> d xfcnyjcnb> cjplfntkb hfpkbxys[ cbcntv pfgbcb ldb;tybz dsye;ltys hfccvfnhbdfnm djghjc j ytj,[jlbvjcnb gjlj,yjq pfgbcb d cdtnt dscjrjq ljcnegyjcnb nt[ybxtcrb[ pfgbcsdf/ob[ ecnhjqcnd> yfghbvth dbltjrfvth> rjnjhst> yf gthdsq dpukzl> jndtxf/n ntv gjnht,yjcnzv> lkz eljdktndjhtybz rjnjhs[ ,skb hfphf,jnfys hfpkbxyst cbcntvs pfgbcb ldb;tybz.

(15) Heljkma <tyti> rjnjhsq dvtcnt cj cdjtq ;tyjq L;jfy hfphf,jnfk d 1955 ujle cbcntve pfgbcb ldb;tybz> yfpdfyye/ cbcntvjq pfgbcb <tytif> jndtnbk yf gjlj,ysq djghjc nfr% `Ctujlyz> rjulf vs hfcgjkfuftv fdnjvfibyfvb> pfxtv yfv kjlrb*$ Gj vytyb/ <tytif> htubcnhfwbz ldb;tybq yf ,evfut b b[ ljrevtynbhjdfybt ghb gjvjob pfgbcsdf/ob[ ecnhjqcnd - 'nj ldf hfpkbxys[ chtlcndf ljcnb;tybz hfpkbxys[ wtktq.

(20) Gj tuj ckjdfv> ghjbpdtltybz bp j,kfcnb cwtybxtcrb[ bcreccnd> nfrb[ rfr vepsrf> lhfvf b nfytw> d rjnjhs[ ceotcndtyye/ hjkm buhftn dhtvtyyjq afrnjh> drk/xf/n ldf jnltkmys[ 'nfgf% ndjhxtcrbq ghjwtcc rjvgjpbnjhf> lhfvfnehuf bkb [jhtjuhfaf b bcgjkytybt ghjbpdtltybz vepsrfynjv> frnthjv bkb nfywjhjv. Hf,jnf gthdjuj ghtlcnfdktyf yf ,evfut> f hf,jne dnjhjuj vj;yj ljrevtynbhjdfnm ghb gjvjob

(25) pderjpfgbcb bkb dbltjc(tvrb. <tyti nfr;t erfpsdftn yf nj> xnj d rf;ljv [jhtjkjubxtcrjv bccktljdfybb ceotcndetn gjnht,yjcnm d pfgbcb ldb;tybz. Jy chfdybdftn cdzpm vt;le [jhtjkjubtq b pfgbcm/ ldb;tybz cj cdzpm/ vt;le abpbrjq b vfntvfnbxtcrbv zpsrjv% `Gjlj,yj njve rfr ytdjpvj;ys abpbxtcrbt bccktljdfybz ,tp bcgjkmpjdfybz vfntvfnbxtcrb[ ajhvek> nfr b [jhtjkjubxtcrbt bccktljdfybz> d

(30) rjnjhs[ yt bcgjkmpe/n pfgbcm ldb;tybz> yt vjuen cxbnfnmcz ghjatccbjyfkmysvb bkb yfexysvb$. <jktt njuj> lj,fdkztn <tyti> pfgbcm ldb;tybz j,kflftn pyfxbntkmysvb ghtbveotcndfvb gj chfdytyb/ c tt fkmnthyfnbdfvb b d rfxtcndt dcgjvjufntkmyjuj chtlcndf ghb j,extybb nfywe% dbltjabkmv cjlth;bn vyj;tcndj ljgjkybntkmys[ 'ktvtynjd> nfrb[ rfr ltrjhfwbb> cwtybxtcrbt ghbyflkt;yjcnb> rjcn/vs b nfywjhs>

(35) cgjcj,ys[ pfckjybnm nj ldb;tybt> rjnjhjt vs [jnbv bpexbnm. R 'njve vj;tn ghbdtcnb nfr;t gkj[jt jcdtotybt b ytrfxtcndtyyfz c(tvrf. Dct ;t> <tyti yt evfkztn pyfxtybz pfgbcsdf/ob[ ecnhjqcnd. Gj tuj vytyb/> nfrjt ecnhjqcndj zdkztncz tlbycndtyysv chtlcndjv ljrevtynbhjdfybz cgtwbabxtcrb[ bkb jlyjrhfnys[ 'ktvtynjd nfywf. Gj tuj ckjdfv> jghtltktyyjt bcgjkytybt [jhtjuhfabxtcrjuj ghjbpdtltybz ,eltn dctulf

(40) jnkbxfnmcz jn lheujuj bcgjkytybz njuj ;t ghjbpdtltybz.

Yjf "irjkm> rjnjhfz d 1958 ujle dvtcnt c Fdhffvjv Df[vfyjv hfphf,jnfkf cbcntve pfgbcb "irjkm-Df[vfyf> nfr;t erfpsdftn yf yfexyjt pyfxtybt pfgbcb ldb;tybz. "irjkm gjkfuftn> xnj euke,ktyyjt bccktljdfybt ldb;tybz yf jcyjdfybb dbltjabkmvf

ytdjpvj;yj. Jyf ghtlkfuftn fyfkjub/ bp j,kfcnb fh[bntrnehs% vs vj;tv (45) hfccvfnhbdfnm jghtltktyyjt plfybt> yj> lkz njuj xnj,s d njxyjcnb epyfnm> rfr jyj ,skj

gjcnhjtyj> yfv ghbltncz pfukzyenm d xthnt;b fh[bntrnjhf. K/cb Dtyf,tk> cxbnf/ofzcz ukfdysv fdnjhbntnjv d j,kfcnb cbcntvs pfgbcb Kf,fyf> hfphf,jnfyyjq Heljkmajv Kf,fyjv b jge,kbrjdfyyjq d 1928 ujle> erfpsdftn yf ljgjkybntkmyst ghfrnbxtcrbt

ghtbveotcndf> rjnjhst pfrk/xftn d ct,t bpextybt nfywf cjukfcyj pfgbcb ldb;tybz.(50) Jlyj bp yb[ - cgjcj,yjcnm ,tp nhelf cjchtljnjxbnmcz yf byajhvfwbb j, jlyjv

jghtltktyyjv ldb;tybb bp dctuj rjvgktrcf ghjbpdtltybz. <jktt njuj> yf jcyjdfybb tlbycndtyyjuj ghjcvjnhf dbltjabkmvf lf;t ghjatccbjyfkmyjve nfywjhe ,eltn nhelyj hfpkbxbnm dct ldb;tybz> rjnjhst cjdthif/ncz yf cwtyt jlyjdhtvtyyj> d nj dhtvz rfr bpextybt pfgbcb ldb;tybz gjpdjkbn hfpkbxbnm b[> yt ghbkfufz xhtpvthys[ ecbkbq.

- 16 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Djghjcs

21. Gthdsq f,pfw yt erfpsdftn yf nj> xnj -

(1) [jhtjuhfas vjuen ghbvtyznm d cdjtq hf,jnt nt[ybxtcrbt chtlcndf pfgbcb (2) ceotcnde/n cjvytybz d jnyjitybb ytj,[jlbvjcnb pfgbcb ldb;tybz yf ,evfut (3) nt[ybxtcrbt chtlcndf pfgbcb ,jktt 'aatrnbdys> xtv pfgbcm ldb;tybz yf ,evfut(4) pfgbcm ldb;tybz yf ,evfut bcgjkmpetncz [jhtjuhfafvb d cdjtq hf,jnt

22. `Kjlrb$ !cnhjrf 17@ zdkztncz vtnfajhjq -

(1) nt[ybxtcrb[ chtlcnd pfgbcb (2) xtkjdtxtcrjuj ldb;tybz (3) bccktljdfybq d j,kfcnb [jhtjkjubb (4) cbcntvs pfgbcb ldb;tybz

23. Gjl `hf,jnjq dnjhjuj$ !cnhjrf 24@ vj;tn gjlhfpevtdfnmcz -

(1) cjxbytybt vepsrb (2) gtybt (3) pderjpfgbcm (4) bccktljdfybt

24. C gjvjom/ ahfps `jghtltktyyjt bcgjkytybt ... njuj ;t ghjbpdtltybz$ !cnhjrb 39-40@ <tyti -

(1) cevvbhetn cdjb endth;ltybz jnyjcbntkmyj gjnht,yjcnb d pfgbcb ldb;tybz (2) hfp(zcyztn df;yjcnm pfgbcsdf/ob[ ecnhjqcnd (3) yfvtrftn yf ljgjkybntkmyjt ghtbveotcndj> pfrk/xtyyjt d bcgjkmpjdfybb pfgbcb

ldb;tybz (4) dshf;ftn ytcjukfcbt c endth;ltybtv jnyjcbntkmyj ghtbveotcnd> pfrk/xtyys[ d

bcgjkmpjdfybb pfgbcsdf/ob[ ecnhjqcnd

25. Rfrjt bp cktle/ob[ cjgjcnfdktybq cjjndtncndetn fyfkjubb> rjnjhe/ ghtlkj;bkf Yjf "irjkm !cnhjrb 44-46@*

(1) fh[bntrnjh ] nfywjh (2) jghtltktyyjt plfybt ] pfgbcm ldb;tybz (3) cnhjbntkm ] nfywjh (4) xthnt;b fh[bntrnjhf ] ,fktnysq cgtrnfrkm

26. Hjvf jpyfrjvbkcz c pfgbcm/ ldb;tybz jghtltktyyjuj nfywf. D cjjndtncndbb cj crfpfyysv d jnhsdrt> rfrfz bp cktle/ob[ gjlhj,yjcntq yt zdkztncz byajhvfwbtq> rjnjhe/ Hjvf vj;tn gjxthgyenm bp ytt*

(1) Dj dhtvz nfywf nfywjhs jltns d xthyjt. (2) D yfxfkt nfywf gktxb nfywjhf> cnjzotuj d gthtlytq xfcnb cwtys> hfcckf,ktys. (3) Dj dhtvz nfywf dct nfywjhs gjdjhfxbdf/ncz cgbyjq r ge,kbrt. (4) Jlyf bp nfywjdobw yf ghjnz;tybb dctuj nfywf ght,sdftn d ghfdjq xfcnb cwtys.

- 17 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Gecnfz cnhfybwf

- 18 -


B/km 2012 ujlfRjkbxtcndtyyjt vsiktybt> hfpltk gthdsq

D 'njv hfpltkt 25 djghjcjd.Dhtvz yf htitybt - 25 vbyen.Rjkbxtcndtyyjt vsiktybt

"njn hfpltk drk/xftn djghjcs b pflfxb> lkz htitybz rjnjhs[ nht,etncz ghbvtytybt rjkbxtcndtyyjuj vsiktybz. R rf;ljve djghjce ghtlkfuf/ncz xtnsht dfhbfynf jndtnf. Cktletn ds,hfnm ghfdbkmysq dfhbfyn jndtnf b jnvtnbnm tuj yjvth d cjjndtncnde/otv vtcnt yf kbcnt jndtnjd.

J,obt pfvtxfybz> rfcf/obtcz hfpltkf rjkbxtcndtyyjuj vsiktybz

* Xthnt;b> ghbkfuftvst r ytrjnjhsv djghjcfv> ghtlyfpyfxtys lkz njuj> xnj,s gjvjxm d b[ htitybb> yj jyb yt j,zpfntkmyj yfxthxtys d cjjndtncnde/ob[ vfcinf,f[. Yt cktletn ltkfnm dsdjls j lkbyt jnhtprf> dtkbxbyt eukf b

n. l. kbim yf jcyjdfybb xthnt;tq.

* Tckb kbybz> bpj,hf;tyyfz yf hbceyrt> ghtlcnfdkztncz ghzvjq> nj vj;yj ghtlgjkj;bnm> xnj jyf ltqcndbntkmyj zdkztncz ghzvjq.

* Tckb d djghjct d rfxtcndt jlyjuj bp lfyys[ ghbdtlty utjvtnhbxtcrbq nthvby !ht,hj> hflbec> gkjoflm> j,(tv b lh.@> nj gjlhfpevtdftncz> xnj tuj pyfxtybt ,jkmit yjkz !d ghjnbdyjv ckexft ,elen lfys lheubt erfpfybz@.

* Tckb d djghjct erfpfy a (a > 0)> nj bvttncz d dble gjkj;bntkmysq rjhtym a.

Vfntvfnbxtcrbt pyfrb b ajhveks

10. Gkjoflm ghzvjeujkmybrf lkbyjq a b ibhbyjq b hfdyf a · b

11. Gkjoflm nhfgtwbb> lkbyf jlyjuj jcyjdfybz rjnjhjq a, f lkbyf lheujuj jcyjdfybz b b

lkbyf dscjns h, hfdyf a b h2$+] g

12. Cevvf dyenhtyyb[ eukjd vyjujeujkmybrf !n - xbckj cnjhjy vyjujeujkmybrf@ hfdyf (180n – 360) uhflecjd.

Dtkbxbyf rf;ljuj dyenhtyytuj eukf d ghfdbkmyjv vyjujeujkmybrt !n - xbckj cnjhjy vyjujeujkmybrf@

hfdyf n nn180 360 180 360− = −a ak k uhflecjd.

13. Rheu> jrhe;yjcnm% f. Gkjoflm rheuf hflbecjv r hfdyf πr2 (π = 3.14...)

,. Lkbyf jrhe;yjcnb hflbecjv r hfdyf 2πr

d. Gkjoflm ctrnjhf rheuf> j,hfpjdfyyjuj

wtynhfkmysv eukjv x°> hfdyf πr2 · x 360

14. Ghzvjeujkmysq gfhfkktktgbgtl> re,: f. J,(tv ghzvjeujkmyjuj gfhfkktktgbgtlf> lkbyf rjnjhjuj a, ibhbyf b b dscjnf c, hfdty a · b · c

,. Gkjoflm gjdth[yjcnb ghzvjeujkmyjuj gfhfkktktgbgtlf hfdyf 2ab + 2bc + 2ac

d. D re,t a = b = c

15. Wbkbylh: f. Gkjoflm ,jrjdjq gjdth[yjcnb wbkbylhf> hflbec jcyjdfybz rjnjhjuj hfdty r> f dscjnf h> hfdyf 2πr · h

,. Gkjoflm gjkyjq gjdth[yjcnb

wbkbylhf hfdyf 2πr2 + 2πr · h = 2πr(r + h)

d. J,(tv wbkbylhf hfdty πr 2· h

16. J,(tv rjyecf> hflbec jcyjdfybz

rjnjhjuj r> f dscjnf h> hfdty πr2 · h

3

1. Pyfr

a

b

h

r

rx°

cba

A

h

r

h

r

B

C

D

E

F

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A

CB

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יתר

A

CB

قائم

قائم

وتر

A

CB

hypoténuse

côté

côté

משולבצרפתית

A

CB

hypotenuse

leg

leg

רוסית

A

CB

ubgjntyepfrfntn

rfntn

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A

CB

hipotenusa

cateto

cateto

ba

j,jpyfxftn eujk dtkbxbyjq 90° (ghzvjq eujk).

Pyfr «ABC j,jpyfxftn eujk> pfrk/xtyysq vt;le cnjhjyfvb AB b BC.

a || b j,jpyfxftn% a gfhfkktkmyj b.

a ⊥ b j,jpyfxftn% a gthgtylbrekzhyj b.

2. Yjkm yt zdkztncz yb gjkj;bntkmysv> yb jnhbwfntkmysv xbckjv.

Yjkm zdkztncz xtnysv xbckjv. Tlbybwf yt zdkztncz ghjcnsv xbckjv.

3. Ghjwtyns: a% jn x - 'nj a x100 $

4. Cntgtyb% Lkz k/,juj xbckf a, yt hfdyjuj 0, b k/,s[ wtks[ n b m -

f. aa1n=−n ,. a amm

n n= ^ h (0 < a, 0 < m)

d. am + n = am · an u. (an)m = an · m

5. Ajhveks cjrhfotyyjuj evyj;tybz: (a ± b)2 = a2 ± 2ab + b2

(a + b)(a – b) = a2 – b2

hfccnjzybt

6. Pflfxb yf ghjqltyysq genm: = crjhjcnm dhtvz hf,jnf7. Pflfxb yf vjoyjcnm% = vjoyjcnm

dhtvz

8. Ghjgjhwbz: Tckb AD || BE || CF ,

nj DEAB

EFBC= , f nfr;t

ACAB

DFDE=

9. Nhteujkmybr: f. Gkjoflm nhteujkmybrf> lkbyf jcyjdfybz rjnjhjuj a, b lkbyf dscjns r

lfyyjve jcyjdfyb/ h, hfdyf a h2$

,. Ntjhtvf Gbafujhf% d ghzvjeujkmyjv nhteujkmybrt !nhteujkmybr ABC yf xthnt;t@ dctulf cj,k/lftncz

cktle/ott ghfdbkj% AC2 = AB2

+ BC2

d. D ghzvjeujkmyjv nhteujkmybrt> euks rjnjhjuj hfdys 30°, 60° b 90°, lkbyf rfntnf> kt;fotuj ghjnbd eukf d 30°> hfdyf gjkjdbyt lkbys ubgjntyeps.

a

b

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r

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h

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a

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r

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A

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a

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r

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A

h

r

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C

D

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قائم

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A

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hipotenusa

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ba

a

b

h

r

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A

h

r

h

r

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C

D

E

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h

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A

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A

CB

قائم

قائم

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A

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hypoténuse

côté

côté


A

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hypotenuse

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CB

ubgjntyepfrfntn

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A

CB

hipotenusa

cateto

cateto

ba

a

b

h

r

rx°

cba

A

h

r

h

r

B

C

D

E

F

h

a

A

CB

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A

CB

قائم

قائم

وتر

A

CB

hypoténuse

côté

côté


A

CB

hypotenuse

leg

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רוסית

A

CB

ubgjntyepfrfntn

rfntn

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A

CB

hipotenusa

cateto

cateto

ba

a

b

h

r

rx°

cba

A

h

r

h

r

B

C

D

E

F

h

a

A

CB

ניצב

ניצב

יתר

A

CB

قائم

قائم

وتر

A

CB

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côté

côté


A

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hypotenuse

leg

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A

CB

ubgjntyepfrfntn

rfntn

ספרדית

A

CB

hipotenusa

cateto

cateto

ba

a

b

h

r

rx°

cba

A

h

r

h

r

B

C

D

E

F

h

a

A

CB

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ניצב

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A

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قائم

قائم

وتر

A

CB

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côté

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A

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hypotenuse

leg

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רוסית

A

CB

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rfntn

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A

CB

hipotenusa

cateto

cateto

ba

- 19 - B/km 2012 ujlf


Rjkbxtcndtyyjt vsiktybt> hfpltk gthdsq

Djghjcs b pflfxb !djghjcs 1-3@

1. Lfyj% (x+4)(x+1) _ x(x+5) = 3

Rfrjt bp cktle/ob[ endth;ltybq zdkztncz dthysv*

(1) x = 15 (2) x = 60 (3) x = 30 (4) yt ceotcndetn x> eljdktndjhz/otuj eckjdbzv ehfdytybz

2. E Fhjyf> <jhbcf b Uhbujhbz bvt/ncz ifhbrb. Tckb Fhjy lfcn <jhbce 3 ifhbrf> nj e <jhbcf b e Uhbujhbz ,eltn jlbyfrjdjt rjkbxtcndj ifhbrjd> f e Fhjyf dct ;t jcnfytncz ,jkmit ifhbrjd> xtv e rf;ljuj bp tuj njdfhbotq.

Rfrbv bp cktle/ob[ xbctk vj;tn ,snm rjkbxtcndj ifhbrjd e rf;ljuj bp yb[ ctqxfc*

(1) Fhjy - 14> <jhbc - 9> Uhbujhbq - 12 (2) Fhjy - 20> <jhbc - 12> Uhbujhbq - 15 (3) Fhjy - 29> <jhbc - 18> Uhbujhbq - 20 (4) Fhjy - 27> <jhbc - 15> Uhbujhbq - 19

3. Yf xthnt;t bpj,hf;ty ghfdbkmysq djcmvbeujkmybr.

Rfrjt bp cktle/ob[ endth;ltybq zdkztncz dthysv*

(1) BE = CF = AD

(2) BE < CF = AD

(3) BE < CF < AD

(4) BE = CF < AD

Rjkbxtcndtyyst chfdytybz !djghjcs 4-9@

Djghjcs 4-9 cjcnfdktys bp gfh dshf;tybq. D rf;ljv djghjct jlyj bp dshf;tybq yf[jlbncz d rjkjyrt F> f dnjhjt - d rjkjyrt <. D nhtnmtq rjkjyrt byjulf cjlth;bncz ljgjkybntkmyfz byajhvfwbz> jnyjczofzcz r gfht dshf;tybq d rjkjyrf[ F b <. "nf byajhvfwbz vj;tn jrfpfnmcz ytj,[jlbvjq lkz htitybz djghjcf. Cktletn chfdybnm jlyj dshf;tybt c lheubv c gjvjom/ ljgjkybntkmyjq byajhvfwbb !tckb nfrjdfz bvttncz@ b htibnm%

(1) Dshf;tybt d rjkjyrt F ,jkmit (2) Dshf;tybt d rjkjyrt < ,jkmit(3) Ldf lfyys[ dshf;tybz hfdys vt;le cj,jq(4) Yf jcyjdfybb bvt/otqcz byajhvfwbb ytdjpvj;yj jghtltkbnm> rfrjdj

cjjnyjitybt vt;le dtkbxbyfvb lde[ dshf;tybq

Gjckt njuj rfr Ds ds,hfkb dfhbfyn jndtnf> rjnjhsq cxbnftnt ghfdbkmysv> jnvtnmnt tujyjvth d cjjndtncnde/otv vtcnt yf kbcnt jndtnjd.

2812

A

B CO

A E D

CFB

A

B C

DF

E

x

5x

A

B C

D

αβα

β

A F

B

C D

E

C

A B

D E IVIII

III

y

x(0,0)

F

B A

C D

E

2 سم

3 سم

F

B A

C D

E

2 cm

3 cm

F

B A

C D

E

2 cv

3 cv

A F

B E

C D

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

A F

B E

C D

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

A F

B E

C D

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

A F

B E

C D

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

F

B A

C D

E

2 ס"מ

3 ס"מ

- 20 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Rjkjyrf F Rjkjyrf < Ljgjkybntkmyfz byajhvfwbz

4. x2 + 1 2x3x ≠ 3

x zdkztncz wtksv gjkj;bntkmysv xbckjv.

5. xz

x y$ x > y > z > 1

6. Lkbyf cnjhjys gznbeujkmybrf

Lkbyf cnjhjysrdflhfnf

Lfys ghfdbkmysq gznbeujkmybr b rdflhfn> hfdyst gj gkjoflb.

7.Xbckj rbkjvtnhjd> rjnjhst ghjt[fkf fdnjvfibyf

3 Vfibyf t[fkf cj crjhjcnm/30 rv#x d ntxtybt 5 vbyen.

8. Gthbvtnh nhteujkmybrf ABC Lkbyf jrhe;yjcnb

BC - lbfvtnh jrhe;yjcnb c wtynhjv O. ABC - hfdyjcnjhjyybq nhteujkmybr.

9.Gkjoflm pfrhfityyjq abuehs

Gkjoflmytpfrhfityyjqabuehs

ABCD - nhfgtwbz (AD || BC).

E - cthtlbyf cnjhjys AD.

F - cthtlbyf cnjhjys BC.

2812

A

B CO

A E D

CFB

A

B C

DF

E

x

5x

A

B C

D

αβα

β

A F

B

C D

E

C

A B

D E IVIII

III

y

x(0,0)

F

B A

C D

E

2 سم

3 سم

F

B A

C D

E

2 cm

3 cm

F

B A

C D

E

2 cv

3 cv

A F

B E

C D

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

A F

B E

C D

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

A F

B E

C D

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

A F

B E

C D

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

F

B A

C D

E

2 ס"מ

3 ס"מ

2812

A

B CO

A E D

CFB

A

B C

DF

E

x

5x

A

B C

D

αβα

β

A F

B

C D

E

C

A B

D E IVIII

III

y

x(0,0)

F

B A

C D

E

2 سم

3 سم

F

B A

C D

E

2 cm

3 cm

F

B A

C D

E

2 cv

3 cv

A F

B E

C D

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

A F

B E

C D

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

A F

B E

C D

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

A F

B E

C D

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

F

B A

C D

E

2 ס"מ

3 ס"מ

- 21 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Dsdjls bp lbfuhfvvs !djghjcs 10-13@Dybvfntkmyj hfccvjnhbnt ghbdtltyye/ lbfuhfvve b jndtnmnt yf xtnsht cktle/ob[ pf ytq djghjcf.

D [jlt bccktljdfybz ahernjds[ lthtdmtd e rf;ljuj bp 30 lthtdmtd bpvthzkb 3 hfpkbxys[ gfhfvtnhf% jrhe;yjcnm cndjkf> chtly// gkjoflm kbcnf b j,obq dtc gkjljd. Rf;lfz bp nht[ cktle/ob[ lbfuhfvv bpj,hf;ftn cdzpm vt;le ldevz bp erfpfyys[ dsit gfhfvtnhjd% ghfdfz dth[yzz lbfuhfvvf bpj,hf;ftn cdzpm vt;le jrhe;yjcnm/ cndjkf b dtcjv gkjljd> ktdfz dth[yzz lbfuhfvvf - cdzpm vt;le chtlytq gkjoflm/ kbcnf b dtcjv gkjljd> ktdfz yb;yzz lbfuhfvvf - cdzpm vt;le chtlytq gkjoflm/ kbcnf b jrhe;yjcnm/ cndjkf. Yf rf;ljq bp lbfuhfvv rf;lsq rhe;jr cjjndtncndetn jlyjve lthtde.Yfghbvth> yf ghfdjq dth[ytq lbfuhfvvt vj;yj dbltnm> xnj jrhe;yjcnm cndjkf jlyjuj bp lthtdmtd hfdyf 37 cv> f dtc tuj gkjljd hfdty 50 ru.

J,hfnbnt dybvfybt% ghb jndtnt yf rf;lsq djghjc yt cktletn ghbybvfnm dj dybvfybt lfyyst> ghbdtltyyst d lheub[ djghjcf[.

Djghjcs

10. Rfrjdf yfbvtymifz bpvthtyyfz jrhe;yjcnm cndjkf !d cv@ chtlb bccktljdfyys[ lthtdmtd*

(1) 26 (2) 28 (3) 30 (4) 32

peso del fruto(en kg)

área promedio de la hoja(en cm2)

5 87650

60

70

80

25 40353050

60

70

80

25

30

35

40

5 876

peso del fruto(en kg)

perímetro del tronco(en cm)

perímetro del tronco(en cm)

área promedio de la hoja(en cm2)

poids des fruits(en kg)

surface moyenne d’une feuille

(en cm2)

5 87650

60

70

80

25 40353050

60

70

80

25

30

35

40

5 876

poids des fruits(en kg)

périmètre du tronc (en cm)

périmètre du tronc (en cm)

surface moyenned’une feuille

(en cm2)

Chtlyzzgkjoflm

kbcnf !d cv2@

Dtcgkjljd! d ru@

5 87650

60

70

80

Dtcgkjljd!d ru@

Jrhe;yjcnmcndjkf !d cv@

25 40353050

60

70

80

Jrhe;yjcnmcndjkf !d cv@

Chtlyzzgkjoflm

kbcnf !d cv2@

25

30

35

40

5 876

5 87650

60

70

80

averageleaf area( in cm2)

fruitweight(in kg)

25 40353050

60

70

80

trunkcircumference

(in cm)

fruitweight(in kg)

25

30

35

40

5 876

trunkcircumference

(in cm)

averageleaf area( in cm2)

- 22 - B/km 2012 ujlf



11. Rfrjdj yfb,jkmitt xbckj lthtdmtd> j,kflf/ob[ jlbyfrjdjq chtlytq gkjoflm/ kbcnf*

(1) 1 (2) 5 (3) 3 (4) 4

12. E crjkmrb[ lthtdmtd jrhe;yjcnm cndjkf hfdyf 35 cv*

(1) 01 (2) 00 (3) 10 (4) 05

13. Jrhe;yjcnm cndjkf jlyjuj bp lthtdmtd hfdyf 35 cv> f chtlyzz gkjoflm tuj kbcnf hfdyf 5.9 cv2.

Rfrjd ghb,kbpbntkmysq dtc gkjljd 'njuj lthtdf !d ru@*

(1) 53 (2) 59 (3) 68 (4) 77


14. Lfyj% n zdkztncz wtksv xbckjv> n ≥ 1.

(-2)2n < (-5)n

Rfrjt bp cktle/ob[ endth;ltybq ytghtvtyyj zdkztncz dthysv*

(1) n - ytxtnyjt xbckj (2) n - xtnyjt xbckj (3) n ltkbncz yf 3 (4) n ,jkmit 5

15. Pf hf,jxbq ltym ghjljk;bntkmyjcnm/ x xfcjd Fylhtq pfhf,fnsdftn 2x_1 itrtktq d xfc.

Crjkmrj itrtktq pfhf,fnsdftn Fylhtq pf 5-xfcjdjq hf,jxbq ltym*

(1) 10 (2) 32 (3) 64 (4) 80

16. Lfyj nht[pyfxyjt xbckj> ,jkmitt 100. Cevvf wbah 'njuj xbckf hfdyf 8. Bpdtcnyj> xnj wbahf> j,jpyfxf/ofz d 'njv xbckt tlbybws> hfdyf 6> f nfr;t xnj dct tuj wbahs jnkbxf/ncz lheu jn lheuf.

Rfrjdj ghjbpdtltybt wbah 'njuj xbckf*

(1) 00 (2) 06 (3) 18 (4) nfrjuj xbckf yt ceotcndetn

- 23 - B/km 2012 ujlf



17. ABC zdkztncz nhteujkmybrjv.

Cjukfcyj 'nbv lfyysv b lfyysv xthnt;f>

x = ?

(1) 15º (2) 20º (3) 30º (4) 25º

18. Lfyj% x + y > 0 x + z > 0 z + y < 0

Rfrjt bp cktle/ob[ endth;ltybq ytghtvtyyj cktletn bp 'nb[ lfyys[*

(1) z < y < x (2) z < 0 (3) y > 0 (4) x > 0

19. Yf xthnt;t bpj,hf;tys hfdyjcnjhjyybq nhteujkmybr ABC b rdflhfn ADEB, bvt/obt j,oe/ cnjhjye AB.

Tckb ckj;bnm nhteujkmybr b rdflhfn gj cnjhjyt AB> nj -

(1) C ,eltn hfcgjkfufnmcz dyenhb rdflhfnf !f yt yf tuj gthbvtnht@ (2) C ,eltn hfcgjkfufnmcz yf cnjhjyt DE (3) C ,eltn hfcgjkfufnmcz dyt rdflhfnf (4) vtcnjgjkj;tybt C ,eltn pfdbctnm jn lkbys cnjhjys rdflhfnf

20. Rf;lsq vtczw Bjcba jnxbckztn 5% jn cdjtq vtczxyjq pfhgkfns d ajyl gjdsitybz rdfkbabrfwbb. Hf,jnjlfntkb Bjcbaf rf;lsq vtczw lj,fdkz/n r 'nbv jnxbcktybzv cevve> hfdye/ 10% jn tuj vtczxyjq pfhgkfns.

Cgecnz 6 ktn d 'njv ajylt yfrjgbncz cevvf> d hfp ,jkmifz> xtv jlyf vtczxyfz pfhgkfnf Bjcbaf. !Ghtlgjkj;bnt> xnj pfhgkfnf Bjcbaf jcnftncz gjcnjzyyjq yf ghjnz;tybb 'nb[ 6 ktn.@

(1) 10.8 (2) 12.6 (3) 15 (4) 16

21. D ghjike/ chtle Nfvfhf exfcndjdfkf d 4 cjdtofybz[> Jktu exfcndjdfk d 3 cjdtofybz[> Uhbujhbq - d 2 cjdtofybz[> f Bujhm - d jlyjv cjdtofybb.

Tckb d rf;ljv bp cjdtofybq ghbyzkb exfcnbt d njxyjcnb 2 xtkjdtrf> b njkmrj Nfvfhf> Jktu> Uhbujhbq b Bujhm exfcndjdfkb d cjdtofybz[> nj crjkmrj cjdtofybq cjcnjzkjcm d ghjike/ chtle*

(1) 5 (2) 8 (3) 3 (4) 4

2812

A

B CO

A E D

CFB

A

B C

DF

E

x

5x

A

B C

D

αβα

β

A F

B

C D

E

C

A B

D E IVIII

III

y

x(0,0)

F

B A

C D

E

2 سم

3 سم

F

B A

C D

E

2 cm

3 cm

F

B A

C D

E

2 cv

3 cv

A F

B E

C D

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

A F

B E

C D

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

A F

B E

C D

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

A F

B E

C D

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

F

B A

C D

E

2 ס"מ

3 ס"מ

2812

A

B CO

A E D

CFB

A

B C

DF

E

x

5x

A

B C

D

αβα

β

A F

B

C D

E

C

A B

D E IVIII

III

y

x(0,0)

F

B A

C D

E

2 سم

3 سم

F

B A

C D

E

2 cm

3 cm

F

B A

C D

E

2 cv

3 cv

A F

B E

C D

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

A F

B E

C D

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

A F

B E

C D

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

A F

B E

C D

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

F

B A

C D

E

2 ס"מ

3 ס"מ

- 24 - B/km 2012 ujlf



22. Lfyj% x b y zdkz/ncz wtksvb xbckfvb.

yx

21

31+ =

Rfrjt bp cktle/ob[ xbctk yt vj;tn ,snm hfdysv x y10$

*

(1) 27 (2) 12 (3) 03 (4) 04

23. Yf xthnt;t bpj,hf;ty wbkbylh> hflbec jcyjdfybz rjnjhjuj hfdty 2 cv> f dscjnf - 3 cv. ABCD - ghzvjeujkmybr> ghj[jlzobq xthtp wtynhs jcyjdfybq !AB b CD - lbfvtnhs@. EF - lbfvtnh yb;ytuj jcyjdfybz> AE = AF.

Rfrjdf gkjoflm nhteujkmybrf AEF !d cv2@*

(1) 5 2 (2) 2 13 (3) 4 3 (4) 4

24. CD - lbfvtnh gjkerheuf. AC b FD - ghzvst> rfcfntkmyst r 'njve gjkerheue d njxrf[ C b D !cv. xthnt;@.


rfrjdf gkjoflm pfrhfityyjq abuehs !d cv2@*

(1) 1216 2π−

(2) 47 2π−

(3) 69 π−

(4) 810 π−

25. D 100 uhfvvf[ ,tks[ ctvtxtr cjlth;bncz 150 ctvtxtr. D 100 uhfvvf[ xthys[ ctvtxtr cjlth;bncz 250 ctvtxtr. Kblf regbkf 300 uhfvvjd ctvtxtr 'nb[ dbljd> b d yb[ cjlth;fkjcm 500 ctvtxtr.

Crjkmrj uhfvvjd ,tks[ ctvtxtr regbkf Kblf*

(1) 100 (2) 200 (3) 150 (4) 250

2812

A

B CO

A E D

CFB

A

B C

DF

E

x

5x

A

B C

D

αβα

β

A F

B

C D

E

C

A B

D E IVIII

III

y

x(0,0)

F

B A

C D

E

2 سم

3 سم

F

B A

C D

E

2 cm

3 cm

F

B A

C D

E

2 cv

3 cv

A F

B E

C D

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

A F

B E

C D

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

A F

B E

C D

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

A F

B E

C D

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

F

B A

C D

E

2 ס"מ

3 ס"מ

2812

A

B CO

A E D

CFB

A

B C

DF

E

x

5x

A

B C

D

αβα

β

A F

B

C D

E

C

A B

D E IVIII

III

y

x(0,0)

F

B A

C D

E

2 سم

3 سم

F

B A

C D

E

2 cm

3 cm

F

B A

C D

E

2 cv

3 cv

A F

B E

C D

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

1 ס"מ

A F

B E

C D

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

1 سم

A F

B E

C D

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

1 cm

A F

B E

C D

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

1 cv

F

B A

C D

E

2 ס"מ

3 ס"מ

- 25 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Gecnfz cnhfybwf


- 26 - B/km 2012 ujlfRjkbxtcndtyyjt vsiktybt> hfpltk dnjhjq

D 'njv hfpltkt 25 djghjcjd.Dhtvz yf htitybt - 25 vbyen.Rjkbxtcndtyyjt vsiktybt

"njn hfpltk drk/xftn djghjcs b pflfxb> lkz htitybz rjnjhs[ nht,etncz ghbvtytybt rjkbxtcndtyyjuj vsiktybz. R rf;ljve djghjce ghtlkfuf/ncz xtnsht dfhbfynf jndtnf. Cktletn ds,hfnm ghfdbkmysq dfhbfyn jndtnf b jnvtnbnm tuj yjvth d cjjndtncnde/otv vtcnt yf kbcnt jndtnjd.

J,obt pfvtxfybz> rfcf/obtcz hfpltkf rjkbxtcndtyyjuj vsiktybz

* Xthnt;b> ghbkfuftvst r ytrjnjhsv djghjcfv> ghtlyfpyfxtys lkz njuj> xnj,s gjvjxm d b[ htitybb> yj jyb yt j,zpfntkmyj yfxthxtys d cjjndtncnde/ob[ vfcinf,f[. Yt cktletn ltkfnm dsdjls j lkbyt jnhtprf> dtkbxbyt eukf b

n. l. kbim yf jcyjdfybb xthnt;tq.

* Tckb kbybz> bpj,hf;tyyfz yf hbceyrt> ghtlcnfdkztncz ghzvjq> nj vj;yj ghtlgjkj;bnm> xnj jyf ltqcndbntkmyj zdkztncz ghzvjq.

* Tckb d djghjct d rfxtcndt jlyjuj bp lfyys[ ghbdtlty utjvtnhbxtcrbq nthvby !ht,hj> hflbec> gkjoflm> j,(tv b lh.@> nj gjlhfpevtdftncz> xnj tuj pyfxtybt ,jkmit yjkz !d ghjnbdyjv ckexft ,elen lfys lheubt erfpfybz@.

* Tckb d djghjct erfpfy a (a > 0)> nj bvttncz d dble gjkj;bntkmysq rjhtym a.

Vfntvfnbxtcrbt pyfrb b ajhveks

10. Gkjoflm ghzvjeujkmybrf lkbyjq a b ibhbyjq b hfdyf a · b

11. Gkjoflm nhfgtwbb> lkbyf jlyjuj jcyjdfybz rjnjhjq a, f lkbyf lheujuj jcyjdfybz b b

lkbyf dscjns h, hfdyf a b h2$+] g

12. Cevvf dyenhtyyb[ eukjd vyjujeujkmybrf !n - xbckj cnjhjy vyjujeujkmybrf@ hfdyf (180n – 360) uhflecjd.

Dtkbxbyf rf;ljuj dyenhtyytuj eukf d ghfdbkmyjv vyjujeujkmybrt !n - xbckj cnjhjy vyjujeujkmybrf@

hfdyf n nn180 360 180 360− = −a ak k uhflecjd.

13. Rheu> jrhe;yjcnm% f. Gkjoflm rheuf hflbecjv r hfdyf πr2 (π = 3.14...)

,. Lkbyf jrhe;yjcnb hflbecjv r hfdyf 2πr

d. Gkjoflm ctrnjhf rheuf> j,hfpjdfyyjuj

wtynhfkmysv eukjv x°> hfdyf πr2 · x 360

14. Ghzvjeujkmysq gfhfkktktgbgtl> re,: f. J,(tv ghzvjeujkmyjuj gfhfkktktgbgtlf> lkbyf rjnjhjuj a, ibhbyf b b dscjnf c, hfdty a · b · c

,. Gkjoflm gjdth[yjcnb ghzvjeujkmyjuj gfhfkktktgbgtlf hfdyf 2ab + 2bc + 2ac

d. D re,t a = b = c

15. Wbkbylh: f. Gkjoflm ,jrjdjq gjdth[yjcnb wbkbylhf> hflbec jcyjdfybz rjnjhjuj hfdty r> f dscjnf h> hfdyf 2πr · h

,. Gkjoflm gjkyjq gjdth[yjcnb

wbkbylhf hfdyf 2πr2 + 2πr · h = 2πr(r + h)

d. J,(tv wbkbylhf hfdty πr 2· h

16. J,(tv rjyecf> hflbec jcyjdfybz

rjnjhjuj r> f dscjnf h> hfdty πr2 · h

3

1. Pyfr

a

b

h

r

rx°

cba

A

h

r

h

r

B

C

D

E

F

h

a

A

CB

ניצב

ניצב

יתר

A

CB

قائم

قائم

وتر

A

CB

hypoténuse

côté

côté


A

CB

hypotenuse

leg

leg

רוסית

A

CB

ubgjntyepfrfntn

rfntn

ספרדית

A

CB

hipotenusa

cateto

cateto

ba

j,jpyfxftn eujk dtkbxbyjq 90° (ghzvjq eujk).

Pyfr «ABC j,jpyfxftn eujk> pfrk/xtyysq vt;le cnjhjyfvb AB b BC.

a || b j,jpyfxftn% a gfhfkktkmyj b.

a ⊥ b j,jpyfxftn% a gthgtylbrekzhyj b.

2. Yjkm yt zdkztncz yb gjkj;bntkmysv> yb jnhbwfntkmysv xbckjv.

Yjkm zdkztncz xtnysv xbckjv. Tlbybwf yt zdkztncz ghjcnsv xbckjv.

3. Ghjwtyns: a% jn x - 'nj a x100 $

4. Cntgtyb% Lkz k/,juj xbckf a, yt hfdyjuj 0, b k/,s[ wtks[ n b m -

f. aa1n=−n ,. a amm

n n= ^ h (0 < a, 0 < m)

d. am + n = am · an u. (an)m = an · m

5. Ajhveks cjrhfotyyjuj evyj;tybz: (a ± b)2 = a2 ± 2ab + b2

(a + b)(a – b) = a2 – b2

hfccnjzybt

6. Pflfxb yf ghjqltyysq genm: = crjhjcnm dhtvz hf,jnf7. Pflfxb yf vjoyjcnm% = vjoyjcnm

dhtvz

8. Ghjgjhwbz: Tckb AD || BE || CF ,

nj DEAB

EFBC= , f nfr;t

ACAB

DFDE=

9. Nhteujkmybr: f. Gkjoflm nhteujkmybrf> lkbyf jcyjdfybz rjnjhjuj a, b lkbyf dscjns r

lfyyjve jcyjdfyb/ h, hfdyf a h2$

,. Ntjhtvf Gbafujhf% d ghzvjeujkmyjv nhteujkmybrt !nhteujkmybr ABC yf xthnt;t@ dctulf cj,k/lftncz

cktle/ott ghfdbkj% AC2 = AB2

+ BC2

d. D ghzvjeujkmyjv nhteujkmybrt> euks rjnjhjuj hfdys 30°, 60° b 90°, lkbyf rfntnf> kt;fotuj ghjnbd eukf d 30°> hfdyf gjkjdbyt lkbys ubgjntyeps.

a

b

h

r

rx°

cba

A

h

r

h

r

B

C

D

E

F

h

a

A

CB

ניצב

ניצב

יתר

A

CB

قائم

قائم

وتر

A

CB

hypoténuse

côté

côté


A

CB

hypotenuse

leg

leg

רוסית

A

CB

ubgjntyepfrfntn

rfntn

ספרדית

A

CB

hipotenusa

cateto

cateto

ba

a

b

h

r

rx°

cba

A

h

r

h

r

B

C

D

E

F

h

a

A

CB

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A

CB

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A

CB

hypoténuse

côté

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A

CB

hypotenuse

leg

leg

רוסית

A

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rfntn

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A

CB

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cateto

cateto

ba

a

b

h

r

rx°

cba

A

h

r

h

r

B

C

D

E

F

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a

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CB

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hypoténuse

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A

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A

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a

b

h

r

rx°

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h

r

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D

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hypotenuse

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A

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A

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cateto

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a

b

h

r

rx°

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h

r

h

r

B

C

D

E

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h

a

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ניצב

ניצב

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قائم

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A

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hypoténuse

côté

côté


A

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hypotenuse

leg

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A

CB

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rfntn

ספרדית

A

CB

hipotenusa

cateto

cateto

ba

a

b

h

r

rx°

cba

A

h

r

h

r

B

C

D

E

F

h

a

A

CB

ניצב

ניצב

יתר

A

CB

قائم

قائم

وتر

A

CB

hypoténuse

côté

côté


A

CB

hypotenuse

leg

leg

רוסית

A

CB

ubgjntyepfrfntn

rfntn

ספרדית

A

CB

hipotenusa

cateto

cateto

ba

a

b

h

r

rx°

cba

A

h

r

h

r

B

C

D

E

F

h

a

A

CB

ניצב

ניצב

יתר

A

CB

قائم

قائم

وتر

A

CB

hypoténuse

côté

côté


A

CB

hypotenuse

leg

leg

רוסית

A

CB

ubgjntyepfrfntn

rfntn

ספרדית

A

CB

hipotenusa

cateto

cateto

ba

a

b

h

r

rx°

cba

A

h

r

h

r

B

C

D

E

F

h

a

A

CB

ניצב

ניצב

יתר

A

CB

قائم

قائم

وتر

A

CB

hypoténuse

côté

côté


A

CB

hypotenuse

leg

leg

רוסית

A

CB

ubgjntyepfrfntn

rfntn

ספרדית

A

CB

hipotenusa

cateto

cateto

ba

- 27 - B/km 2012 ujlf


Rjkbxtcndtyyjt vsiktybt> hfpltk dnjhjq


1. Yf lfyyjv xthnt;t AB || CD.

Cjukfcyj 'njve lfyyjve b lfyysv xthnt;f>

α = ? (1) 10º (2) 20º (3) 30º (4) 60º

2. Yf cktle/otv xthnt;t% ABFD - ghzvjeujkmybr. ABC b DCE zdkz/ncz ldevz rjyuhe'ynysvb ghzvjeujkmysvb nhteujkmybrfvb !AC = DE).


rfrjdf gkjoflm 'njuj ghzvjeujkmybrf !d cv2@*

(1) 6x2 (2) 8x2 (3) 9x2 (4) 10x2

3. Cfvsv ,jkmibv j,obv ltkbntktv 26 b 65 zdkztncz -

(1) 5 (2) 6 (3) 3 (4) 13

4. Ldf if[vfnbcnf csuhfkb lheu c lheujv 12 gfhnbq. If[vfnbcn F gj,tlbk d 11 gfhnbz[> bp yb[ d 10 gfhnbz[ gjlhzl.

D rfrjq bp cktle/ob[ gfhnbq vju gj,tlbnm if[vfnbcn <*

(1) d gfhnbb yjvth 12 (2) d gfhnbb yjvth 9 (3) d gfhnbb yjvth 3 (4) d gfhnbb yjvth 11

5. Chtlytt pyfxtybt nht[ xbctk x> 7x b 8x hfdyj 32.

x = ?

(1) 6 (2) 7 (3) 9 (4) 4

6. Pf gjtplre d nfrcb gkfnzn `yfxfkmye/ cevve$ d 10 itrtktq b> d ljgjkytybt r 'njve> 0.1 itrtkz pf rf;lsq ghjqltyysq rbkjvtnh. Pf gjtplre d gjtplt gkfnzn `yfxfkmye/ cevve$ d 30 itrtktq b> d ljgjkytybt r 'njve>

0.02 itrtkz pf rf;lsq ghjqltyysq rbkjvtnh.

Rfrjdf hfpybwf d cnjbvjcnb !d itrtkz[@ vt;le gjtplrjq yf hfccnjzybt d 100 rv yf gjtplt b gjtplrjq yf hfccnjzybt 100 rv yf nfrcb*

(1) 10 (2) 12 (3) 20 (4) 52

A

O

B

A D

B E C

A

B Cα3α

D

120°

A

B

C

O DA

B C

D

O

רוסיתאנגליתערבית

רוסית

רוסית

אנגליתערבית


2815

A

B

C D

E

F

x ס"מ

2x ס"מ

A

B

C D

E

F

x سم

2x سم

A

B

C D

E

F

x cv

2x cv

A

B

C D

E

F

x cm

2x cm

y

x(0,0)

בא

גד IVIII

III

y

x(0,0)

IVIII

III

y

x(0;0)

DC

AB

y

x(0,0)

y

x(0,0)

بأ

ج د

A

B C

2 سم10 سم

B

A

C

6 ס"מ10 ס"מ

A

B C

6 cm10 cm

A

B C

6 cv10 cv

α

30°

60°

AD

B

C

1 ס"מ

A

B

P

?

C

A

O

B

A D

B E C

A

B Cα3α

D

120°

A

B

C

O DA

B C

D

O


רוסית

רוסית



2815

A

B

C D

E

F

x ס"מ

2x ס"מ

A

B

C D

E

F

x سم

2x سم

A

B

C D

E

F

x cv

2x cv

A

B

C D

E

F

x cm

2x cm

y

x(0,0)

בא

גד IVIII

III

y

x(0,0)

IVIII

III

y

x(0;0)

DC

AB

y

x(0,0)

y

x(0,0)

بأ

ج د

A

B C

2 سم10 سم

B

A

C

6 ס"מ10 ס"מ

A

B C

6 cm10 cm

A

B C

6 cv10 cv

α

30°

60°

AD

B

C

1 ס"מ

A

B

P

?

C

- 28 - B/km 2012 ujlf



7. D ytrjnjhjv vfufpbyt rf;ljve gjregfntk/ ghbcdfbdf/n gjhzlrjdsq yjvth cjukfcyj gjhzlre tuj gjzdktybz d vfufpbyt> b tckb gjhzlrjdsq yjvth gjregfntkz ltkbncz yf 4 ,tp jcnfnrf> nj tve lfhzn rhe;re.

Jlyf;ls d vfufpby djikb 10 gjregfntktq.

Rfrjdj cjjnyjitybt vt;le xbckjv gjlfhtyys[ rhe;tr b xbckjv gjregfntktq*

(1) 1 : 5 (2) 1 : 10 (3) 3 : 10 (4) 1 : 4

8. Yf cktle/otv xthnt;t bpj,hf;ty rheu c wtynhjv O> gkjoflm rjnjhjuj hfdyf 16π cv2. A b B - njxrb yf gthbvtnht rheuf. Bpdtcnyj> xnj gthbvtnh nhteujkmybrf AOB hfdty 13 cv.

AB = ?

(1) 5 cv (2) 6 cv (3) 3 cv (4) 10 cv

9. Cktle/ofz cbcntvf rjjhlbyfn ltkbncz yf 4 rdflhfynf> j,jpyfxtyys[ wbahfvb I-IV. Lfyf njxrf A> rjjhlbyfns rjnjhjq (x ; y). Bpdtcnyj> xnj x · y > 0.

D rfrjv rdflhfynt vj;tn yf[jlbnmcz njxrf A* (1) d rdflhfynt I bkb III (2) d rdflhfynt II bkb III (3) d rdflhfynt II bkb IV (4) d k/,jv bp rdflhfynjd

10. D vtirt yf[jlzncz rhfcyst> ,tkst b xthyst ifhs. Dthjznyjcnm ckexfqysv j,hfpjv dsyenm bp vtirf rhfcysq ifh d 2 hfpf ,jkmit> xtv

dthjznyjcnm ckexfqysv j,hfpjv dsyenm bp vtirf ,tksq ifh> f nfr;t d 2 hfpf ,jkmit> xtv dthjznyjcnm ckexfqysv j,hfpjv dsyenm bp vtirf xthysq ifh.

Rfrjt bp cktle/ob[ endth;ltybq d jnyjitybb ifhjd d vtirt zdkztncz ytdthysv*

(1) xbckj ,tks[ ifhjd hfdyj xbcke xthys[ ifhjd (2) xbckj rhfcys[ ifhjd d 2 hfpf ,jkmit xbckf ,tks[ ifhjd (3) cevvf xbckf ,tks[ ifhjd b xbckf xthys[ ifhjd hfdyf xbcke rhfcys[ ifhjd(4) cevvf xbckf ,tks[ ifhjd b xbckf xthys[ ifhjd d 2 hfpf ,jkmit xbckf rhfcys[

ifhjd

11. Lfyj% a b b zdkz/ncz ghjnbdjgjkj;ysvb xbckfvb (a = -b).

a b c zdkz/ncz j,hfnysvb xbckfvb ( ) ,a c c1 0!= .

b · c = ?

(1) -1 (2) -a (3) - a1 (4) 0

A

O

B

A D

B E C

A

B Cα3α

D

120°

A

B

C

O DA

B C

D

O


רוסית

רוסית



2815

A

B

C D

E

F

x ס"מ

2x ס"מ

A

B

C D

E

F

x سم

2x سم

A

B

C D

E

F

x cv

2x cv

A

B

C D

E

F

x cm

2x cm

y

x(0,0)

בא

גד IVIII

III

y

x(0,0)

IVIII

III

y

x(0;0)

DC

AB

y

x(0,0)

y

x(0,0)

بأ

ج د

A

B C

2 سم10 سم

B

A

C

6 ס"מ10 ס"מ

A

B C

6 cm10 cm

A

B C

6 cv10 cv

α

30°

60°

AD

B

C

1 ס"מ

A

B

P

?

C

A

O

B

A D

B E C

A

B Cα3α

D

120°

A

B

C

O DA

B C

D

O


רוסית

רוסית



2815

A

B

C D

E

F

x ס"מ

2x ס"מ

A

B

C D

E

F

x سم

2x سم

A

B

C D

E

F

x cv

2x cv

A

B

C D

E

F

x cm

2x cm

y

x(0,0)

בא

גד IVIII

III

y

x(0,0)

IVIII

III

y

x(0;0)

DC

AB

y

x(0,0)

y

x(0,0)

بأ

ج د

A

B C

2 سم10 سم

B

A

C

6 ס"מ10 ס"מ

A

B C

6 cm10 cm

A

B C

6 cv10 cv

α

30°

60°

AD

B

C

1 ס"מ

A

B

P

?

C

- 29 - B/km 2012 ujlf



12. Lfyj% (x – y) zdkztncz wtksv xbckjv.

Rfrjt bp cktle/ob[ dshf;tybq ytghtvtyyj zdkztncz wtksv xbckjv*

(1) xy (2) x · y (3) x y

2+

(4) y – x

13. Bjcba b Lfybbk hf,jnf/n c gjcnjzyyjq crjhjcnm/ rf;lsq. Bjcba dsgjkyztn hf,jne pf 40 lytq> f Lfybbk dsgjkyztn ne ;t cfve/ hf,jne pf 60 lytq. Bjcba b Lfybbk yfxfkb hf,jnfnm dvtcnt b ghjhf,jnfkb 10 lytq.

Rfre/ xfcnm hf,jns jyb dsgjkybkb pf 'nb 10 lytq*

(1) 62 (2) 2

1 (3) 43 (4) 12

5

14. Lfyj% x · (a + b)(a2 + b2)(a4 + b4) = a8 – b8

a , b > 0

x = ?

(1) 1 (2) a _ b (3) a2 _ b2 (4) a4 _ b4

15. Yf lfyyjv xthnt;t bpj,hf;tyf hfdyj,tlhtyyfz nhfgtwbz ABCD (AD || BC). Gkjoflm nhteujkmybrf ADC d 2 hfpf ,jkmit> xtv gkjoflm nhteujkmybrf AEC.

Lfyj% DE ⊥ BC

?ADBC =

(1) 2 2 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4

Dsdjls bp lbfuhfvvs !djghjcs 16-19@Dybvfntkmyj hfccvjnhbnt ghbdtltyye/ lbfuhfvve b jndtnmnt yf xtnsht cktle/ob[ pf ytq djghjcf.

Cktle/ofz lbfuhfvvf jgbcsdftn gjnht,ktybt 'ktrnhbxtcndf !d tlbybwf[ d xfc@4 ghtlghbznbzvb !F-U@ pf rf;lsq xfc yf ghjnz;tybb cenjr. Gjnht,ktybt 'ktrnhbxtcndf d ntxtybt gthbjlf dhtvtyb> rjnjhsq yfxbyftncz pf gjkxfcf lj rf;ljuj rheukjuj xfcf b pfrfyxbdftncz xthtp gjkxfcf gjckt 'njuj rheukjuj xfcf> yfpsdftncz `gjnht,ktybtv 'ktrnhbxtcndf pf rheuksq xfc$ b j,jpyfxtyj yf lbfuhfvvt njxrjq.Yfghbvth> yf ghtlghbznbb < gjnht,ktybt 'ktrnhbxtcndf d 18%00 !nj tcnm c 17%30 lj 18%30@ cjcnfdbkj 14 tlbybw.Ghbvtxfybt% kbybb> cjtlbyz/obt hfpkbxyst njxrb> ghbdtltys bcrk/xbntkmyj lkz elj,cndf.

A

O

B

A D

B E C

A

B Cα3α

D

120°

A

B

C

O DA

B C

D

O


רוסית

רוסית



2815

A

B

C D

E

F

x ס"מ

2x ס"מ

A

B

C D

E

F

x سم

2x سم

A

B

C D

E

F

x cv

2x cv

A

B

C D

E

F

x cm

2x cm

y

x(0,0)

בא

גד IVIII

III

y

x(0,0)

IVIII

III

y

x(0;0)

DC

AB

y

x(0,0)

y

x(0,0)

بأ

ج د

A

B C

2 سم10 سم

B

A

C

6 ס"מ10 ס"מ

A

B C

6 cm10 cm

A

B C

6 cv10 cv

α

30°

60°

AD

B

C

1 ס"מ

A

B

P

?

C

- 30 - B/km 2012 ujlf



J,hfnbnt dybvfybt% ghb jndtnt yf rf;lsq djghjc yt cktletn ghbybvfnm dj dybvfybt lfyyst> ghbdtltyyst d lheub[ djghjcf[.

Djghjcs

16. D x:00 gjnht,ktybt 'ktrnhbxtcndf yf ghtlghbznbb U cjcnfdbkj x tlbybw.

x = ? (1) 11 (2) 12 (3) 9 (4) 10

17. Jghtltkbv `bpvtytybt d gjnht,ktybb$ cktle/obv j,hfpjv% hfpyjcnm d f,cjk/nys[ pyfxtybz[ vt;le dtkbxbyfvb gjnht,ktybz 'ktrnhbxtcndf yf ytrjnjhjv

ghtlghbznbb d ldf gjcktljdfntkmys[ xfcf !d tlbybwf[ d xfc@.

Rfrjdj yfb,jkmitt erfpfyyjt yf lbfuhfvvt bpvtytybt d gjnht,ktybb 'ktrnhbxtcndf*

(1) 7 (2) 9 (3) 11 (4) 13

18. `J,ott gjnht,ktybt 'ktrnhbxtcndf$ ghtlghbznbtv pf jghtltktyyst xfcs - 'nj cevvf dtkbxby gjnht,ktybz 'ktrnhbxtcndf d 'nb xfcs.

E rfrjuj bp ghtlghbznbq `j,ott gjnht,ktybt 'ktrnhbxtcndf$ ,skj cfvsv ,jkmibv c vjvtynf yfxfkf bpvthtybz d 05:30 b lj 12:30*

(1) F (2) < (3) D (4) U

19. J crjkmrb[ xfcf[ vj;yj crfpfnm> xnj gjnht,ktybt 'ktrnhbxtcndf pf 'nb xfcs yf ghtlghbznbb D ,skj ,jkmit> xtv gjnht,ktybt 'ktrnhbxtcndf pf 'nb xfcs yf

k/,jv lheujv ghtlghbznbb*

(1) 10 (2) 0 (3) 6 (4) 4

heure

consommation d'électricité(en unités par heure)

0

20

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

6:00 12:00 16:00 18:00 22:00 4:00 6:002:0024:0020:0014:0010:008:00

ABCD

0

20

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

6:00 12:00 16:00 18:00 22:00 4:00 6:002:0024:0020:0014:0010:008:00

xfc

gjnht,ktybt 'ktrnhbxtcndf!d tlbybwf[ d xfc@

F<DU

ساعة0

20

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

6:00 12:00 16:00 18:00 22:00 4:00 6:002:0024:0020:0014:0010:008:00

أبجـد

استهالك الكهرباء(بالوحدات للّساعة)

hora

consumo de electricidad(en unidades por hora)

0

20

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

6:00 12:00 16:00 18:00 22:00 4:00 6:002:0024:0020:0014:0010:008:00

ABCD

Fábrica Signo

- 31 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Rjkbxtcndtyyst chfdytybz !djghjcs 20-25@

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- 33 - B/km 2012 ujlf



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- 34 - B/km 2012 ujlf


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ENGLISHThe following section contains three types of questions: Sentence Completion, Restatement and Reading Comprehension. Each question is followed by four possible responses. Choose the response which best answers the question and mark its number in the appropriate place on the answer sheet.

Sentence Completions (Questions 1-11)This part consists of sentences with a word or words missing in each. For each question, choose the answer which best completes the sentence.

1. With the use of computers, people can now gather and process information much more efficiently than was possible.

(1) exclusively (2) previously (3) suspiciously (4) cautiously

2. Some political scientists have questioned , in modern democracies, governments truly execute the will of the people.

(1) since (2) whether (3) unless (4) rather

3. Plankton – microscopic organisms found in bodies of water – do not actually swim, but rather with the current.

(1) droop (2) drape (3) drift (4) dread

4. A ship's log is a written of the weather conditions, route and speed during a voyage.

(1) campaign (2) relief (3) cartoon (4) record

5. Due to a chronic of available organs, thousands of people in the United States are on waiting lists for organ transplants.

(1) display (2) release (3) sequence (4) shortage

6. Political scientist Russell Kirk good citizenship as the willingness to sacrifice private desires for public ends.

(1) employed (2) preserved (3) defined (4) acquired

7. People with untreated high blood pressure are serious health problems, such as heart and kidney disease.

(1) exhilarated by (2) vulnerable to (3) distorted by (4) gracious to

This section contains 27 questions.The time allotted is 25 minutes.

- 35 - B/km 2012 ujlf



8. Some people have memories of childhood, while others have only vague recollections of their early years.

(1) hoarse (2) vivid (3) numb (4) bashful

9. The special "glass" that is used in movies because it easily and safely is actually made of sugar.

(1) exclaims (2) triumphs (3) shatters (4) confounds

10. The Spartans owed their victory in the Peloponnesian War to the tenacity of their warriors and the of their leaders.

(1) stereotype (2) interval (3) proportion (4) competence

11. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has formulated a twenty-year plan to living standards in developing countries.

(1) yield (2) gamble (3) impair (4) boost

Restatements (Questions 12-17)This part consists of several sentences, each followed by four possible ways of restating the main idea of that sentence in different words. For each question, choose the one restatement which best expresses the meaning of the original sentence.

12. Lewis Carroll, who wrote Alice in Wonderland, was not only a mathematician and a genius but also a very odd man.

(1) In addition to being a mathematician and a genius, Lewis Carroll was a very strange man.

(2) The strange thing about Lewis Carroll is that, although he was a genius, he was not considered a great mathematician.

(3) Lewis Carroll is remembered more as an extraordinary person and mathematician than as a genius.

(4) Because he was so odd, many people did not realize that Lewis Carroll was a genius and a remarkable mathematician.

13. In North Korea, grain production has fallen by nearly fifty percent over the past decade.

(1) There has been a drop of almost fifty percent in North Korea's grain production during the past ten years.

(2) In the last decade, only fifty percent of the grain used in North Korea was produced in the country.

(3) Less than half of all the grain grown in North Korea in the last ten years was sold to other countries.

(4) In the past decade, North Korea has reduced the amount of grain it buys by nearly half.

- 36 - B/km 2012 ujlf



14. The history of the People's Republic of China since its founding in 1949 has been anything but peaceful.

(1) Although the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949 was anything but peaceful, the country's history since then has been less eventful.

(2) Since it was established in 1949, the People's Republic of China has not had a peaceful history.

(3) The People's Republic of China, which was founded in 1949, has been peaceful for most of its history.

(4) In 1949, when the People's Republic of China was established, it was hoped that the country would remain peaceful.

15. During the time that the Anglo-Saxons dominated Britain, the island was divided into a vast number of kingdoms, which were not united until after the Norman conquest.

(1) Britain was easily conquered by the Normans because the Anglo-Saxons, who were ruling the country at the time, had divided it into many separate kingdoms.

(2) In order to conquer Britain, the Normans first had to unite a large number of kingdoms which had previously been ruled by the Anglo-Saxons.

(3) Since it took time for the Normans to conquer the many kingdoms of Britain, the Anglo-Saxons enjoyed a long period of dominance.

(4) A union of the many separate kingdoms that had existed in Britain during the period of Anglo-Saxon dominance was only achieved after the Norman conquest.

16. The Magellanic Clouds, two small galaxies that are situated in close proximity to Earth, are visible solely from the Southern Hemisphere.

(1) The Magellanic Clouds, two small galaxies visible from the Southern Hemisphere, closely resemble the galaxy in which Earth is situated.

(2) The Magellanic Clouds are the only small galaxies close to Earth that can be seen from the Southern Hemisphere.

(3) From the Southern Hemisphere, the galaxies known as the Magellanic Clouds appear to be located directly above Earth.

(4) Only from the Southern Hemisphere can one see the two small galaxies near Earth that are known as the Magellanic Clouds.

17. In 1295, explorer Marco Polo returned to Europe, bringing back word of China's paper currency – the world's first.

(1) When Marco Polo came back from China in 1295, he told Europeans about the world's first paper money, which was being used there.

(2) Until Marco Polo brought paper currency back from China in 1295, no European had ever thought of using paper in this way.

(3) In 1295, Marco Polo returned to Europe from China, where he had seen the world's first printed books.

(4) In 1295, Europeans were surprised to learn from Marco Polo that paper had been in use in China for much longer than in Europe.

- 37 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Reading Comprehension This part consists of two passages, each followed by several related questions. For each question, choose the most appropriate answer based on the text.

Text I (Questions 18-22)

(1) In the past, hamburgers and hot dogs were considered America's national foods. These days, however, pizza seems to be even more popular than those two old favorites. There are now over 61,000 pizza restaurants in the United States – more than all the hamburger and hot dog restaurants combined. And thanks to the younger generation,

(5) such restaurants are likely to remain popular for a long time. A recent study by the U.S. Department of Agriculture found that in a three-day period, 42 percent of American children between the ages of six and eleven had eaten pizza. According to Pizza Today magazine, on average, 350 slices of pizza are eaten every second in the United States.

So what makes pizza so popular? According to cultural anthropologists, people like (10) pizza for a variety of reasons. It is a very simple food that is eaten with the hands. It is

relatively inexpensive and can be bought frozen or ordered for home delivery. It is also easily shared by a group. Many families have made "pizza night" a part of their weekly routine.

Some Americans think that pizza was invented in the United States by Italian (15) immigrants, but this is not the case. The word pizza comes from the Italian word picea,

which was first used in Naples a thousand years ago to refer to round, flat pieces of dough sprinkled with olive oil and seasonings. The type of pizza most popular today – a large piece of dough covered with tomato sauce, cheese and other toppings – was also invented in Naples. In 1889, Queen Margherita, wife of King Umberto I, came to

(20) Naples for a visit. Raffaele Esposito, who owned a restaurant called Pietro il Pizzaiolo, was asked to create a special dish in her honor. He decided to make a picea with the colors of the Italian flag. He used tomatoes for the red, basil for the green and, for the white, mozzarella cheese – an ingredient never before used in making picea.

Questions

18. The main purpose of the text is to discuss -

(1) America's national foods of the past and present(2) different types of pizza and how they are made(3) the popularity of pizza and its history(4) Italian influences on American food

19. According to the first paragraph, the number of hamburger and hot dog restaurants in the United States is -

(1) now lower than the number of pizza restaurants(2) continuing to increase(3) over 61,000(4) high, thanks to the younger generation

- 38 - B/km 2012 ujlf



20. The main purpose of the second paragraph is to -

(1) explain why people like eating pizza(2) describe the eating habits of American families(3) show how important it is for families to eat together (4) discuss a variety of ways to prepare pizza

21. Naples is mentioned in the last paragraph because -

(1) people there like picea more than pizza(2) both picea and modern pizza were invented there(3) the world's most famous pizza restaurant is located there(4) more pizza is eaten there than anywhere else in the world

22. It can be understood from the last paragraph that pizza with mozzarella cheese was -

(1) first made in Raffaele Esposito's restaurant(2) invented by Queen Margherita(3) made in honor of King Umberto (4) made in the United States by immigrants from Naples

- 39 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Text II (Questions 23-27)

(1) When Vincent van Gogh died at the age of 37 in 1890, his entire working life as an artist had spanned only ten years. In that time, he had managed to produce 879 paintings and 1,245 drawings.

It has now been suggested that several dozen "van Goghs" are actually fakes, (5) created by various of his contemporaries. This suggestion has enormous financial, as

well as scholarly, implications: paintings by van Gogh command higher prices than those by any other artist.

A fake is an imitation of an artist's work that is presented as genuine. Some of the paintings now masquerading as van Goghs may have been innocent imitations made by

(10) other artists who admired his style. Some paintings may look like van Goghs because van Gogh himself adopted an Impressionist style that was very popular at the time. Such paintings became fakes only when the signature "Vincent" was later added to them. There are also out-and-out fakes, painted for the purpose of deception.

How can we judge the authenticity of a painting? The time-honored method of (15) recognizing fakes is to use one's eyes. The sweep of an artist's hand is highly individual.

Brushstrokes are like handwriting and, just as forged documents can be recognized by a handwriting expert, forged paintings can be recognized by painting connoisseurs. At least this is the theory.

In fact, van Gogh was a highly experimental artist who was constantly trying out (20) different styles. He also suffered from severe mental illness, which often affected the

way he painted. Furthermore, he himself made many copies and versions of his own work.

Even those who consider themselves van Gogh experts argue vigorously about which paintings are fakes. One of the most famous of the disputed van Goghs is a (25) painting called Sunflowers, sold to a Japanese company in 1990 for 25 million pounds

– then a world record for any work of art. This painting, like other suspect van Goghs, may have been created by van Gogh's friend Emile Schuffenecker or by Dr. Paul Gachet, the doctor who treated van Gogh's mental illness for the last two years of his

life.

Questions

23. The main purpose of the text is to -

(1) explain how to judge the authenticity of a painting(2) explain why van Gogh's work was imitated by so many artists(3) discuss the claim that there are many fake van Goghs (4) discuss a great artist who suffered from severe mental illness

- 40 - B/km 2012 ujlf



24. The main purpose of the third paragraph is to -

(1) discuss different types of fake van Goghs(2) explain how to recognize a real van Gogh(3) explain how fake van Goghs differ from genuine ones(4) discuss other artists who admired van Gogh's style

25. In line 9, "masquerading as van Goghs" means -

(1) commanding high prices(2) adopting a popular Impressionist style(3) fake but thought to be genuine(4) admired as much as van Gogh

26. It can be inferred that the "theory" mentioned in line 18 -

(1) was first proposed by van Gogh(2) may not apply to van Gogh(3) is accepted only by handwriting experts(4) is highly individual

27. According to the last paragraph, Emile Schuffenecker and Dr. Paul Gachet -

(1) are the owners of suspect van Goghs(2) are the leading experts on van Gogh's work(3) may have produced fake van Goghs(4) may have influenced van Gogh's work

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- 42 - B/km 2012 ujlf


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ENGLISH

The following section contains three types of questions: Sentence Completion, Restatement and Reading Comprehension. Each question is followed by four possible responses. Choose the response which best answers the question and mark its number in the appropriate place on the answer sheet.

Sentence Completions (Questions 1-11)This part consists of sentences with a word or words missing in each. For each question, choose the answer which best completes the sentence.

1. Conscious experience is both the most familiar thing in the world and the most ; scientists are still unable to explain what it is.

(1) regular (2) pessimistic (3) mysterious (4) objective

2. Oxford University's Botanic Garden has the most valuable, one of the most diverse, plant collections in the world.

(1) as long as (2) as far as (3) as soon as (4) as well as

3. The Native American tradition of requires that guests be served a lavish meal and given a place to rest or sleep.

(1) inheritance (2) hospitality (3) arrogance (4) complexity

4. In the second half of the 1800s, large numbers of African Americans moved to the western United States to escape the prejudice they had in the South.

(1) captured (2) inspected (3) experienced (4) disturbed

5. Despite the many she had to overcome, Marie Curie became a world-famous scientist.

(1) obstacles (2) previews (3) indications (4) miracles

6. Good writers use language with care and precision, leaving little room for .

(1) discouragement (2) refreshment (3) composition (4) misinterpretation

7. Oats are a very food, rich in carbohydrates and protein.

(1) nourishing (2) irritating (3) baffling (4) uplifting

This section contains 27 questions.The time allotted is 25 minutes.

- 43 - B/km 2012 ujlf



8. In many countries, mismanagement and poor planning have led to the of once-plentiful natural resources.

(1) depletion (2) intrusion (3) conviction (4) revulsion

9. Following the disintegration of the Soviet Union, more than 95 percent of the place names in the Ukraine to what they had been before the country came under Soviet rule.

(1) resigned (2) reverted (3) resolved (4) rejoiced

10. Since so little is known about the Minoan culture, archeologists are by every finding from that civilization.

(1) conveyed (2) intrigued (3) fragmented (4) alienated

11. Because it is such a difficult place in which to live, the Australian Outback is populated only .

(1) ruthlessly (2) viciously (3) blatantly (4) sparsely

Restatements (Questions 12-17)This part consists of several sentences, each followed by four possible ways of restating the main idea of that sentence in different words. For each question, choose the one restatement which best expresses the meaning of the original sentence.

12. Peasants and students are not without power in Chinese politics.

(1) Because they have no power, peasants and students cannot influence Chinese politics.

(2) The least important political groups in China are the peasants and students.(3) China's peasants and students should try to influence politics more.(4) In China, peasants and students do have some political power.

13. It is astonishing that even those ancient peoples who took an active interest in astronomy, such as the Babylonians, believed that the earth was flat.

(1) In the past, only ancient peoples who knew a lot about astronomy, like the Babylonians, believed that the earth was round.

(2) Even peoples who studied astronomy in ancient times believed the Babylonians, who said that the earth was flat.

(3) That even ancient peoples who studied astronomy, such as the Babylonians, thought that the earth was flat is surprising.

(4) When they began studying astronomy, the Babylonians and many other ancient peoples were surprised to discover that the earth was round.

- 44 - B/km 2012 ujlf



14. According to zoologist Peter Komers, the tiny antelopes called dik-diks possess a trait shared by only five percent of all mammals: monogamy.

(1) According to Komers, small antelopes constitute about five percent of all mammals; of these antelopes, only dik-diks are monogamous.

(2) Only five percent of all mammals are monogamous, and dik-diks – a kind of very small antelope – belong to this group, according to Komers.

(3) According to Komers, only five percent of all monogamous mammals have characteristics similar to those of the dik-dik, which is a kind of tiny antelope.

(4) Monogamy is relatively common among mammals, but only five percent of all dik-diks – a very small species of antelope – possess this trait, according to Komers.

15. Although the contribution made by Hippocrates to medicine was enormous, its effect on the health of the masses was insignificant at the time it was made.

(1) Although the contribution made by Hippocrates to medicine had an enormous effect on the health of the general public, this fact was not recognised at the time.

(2) At the time he lived, Hippocrates was among the few to recognise that those who wish to make significant contributions to medicine must consider the health of the masses.

(3) The health of most people living during the time of Hippocrates was barely affected by his contribution to medicine, despite its great importance.

(4) The medical profession was not highly respected until Hippocrates made discoveries that greatly contributed to improving the public's health.

16. The eighteenth century in Europe was for the most part an age of prose; it produced few outstanding poets.

(1) There were not many great poets in eighteenth-century Europe; most of the great

works written at that time were prose.(2) The outstanding poets of eighteenth-century Europe wrote prose in addition to

poetry.(3) The best prose produced in eighteenth-century Europe was actually written by the

great poets of the age.(4) The most popular writers in eighteenth-century Europe were those who produced

prose; poets were not greatly admired.

17. Sophisticated smugglers are frustrating customs officials' attempts to curtail the illegal trade in environmentally destructive chemicals.

(1) Customs officials are trying to stop the illegal trade in chemicals that are dangerous to the environment, but clever smugglers are preventing them from succeeding.

(2) Customs officials often find their jobs frustrating, especially when they must deal with experienced smugglers attempting to trade in environmentally destructive chemicals.

(3) Smugglers of illegal chemicals that are harmful to the environment are often more sophisticated than the customs officials trying to catch them.

(4) Smugglers are finding it increasingly difficult to avoid being caught by customs officials searching for environmentally destructive chemicals.

- 45 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Reading Comprehension This part consists of two passages, each followed by several related questions. For eachquestion, choose the most appropriate answer based on the text.

Text I (Questions 18-22)

(1) The Aquarius Undersea Laboratory and Habitat is a structure that was built on the bottom of the sea, near the coral reefs that line the coast of southern Florida. It contains a kitchen, a communications room and a bedroom, and can house up to six people at a time. The habitat was built by the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric

(5) Administration. Its purpose is to provide scientists with optimal conditions for studying the reefs, marine animals and water pollution in the area.

The scientists who spend time in the habitat are called "aquanauts" because the conditions in which they work underwater are similar to the conditions in which astronauts work in space. The time they spend at the habitat, like the time astronauts

(10) spend in space, is called a "mission." Habitat missions last ten days, during which the aquanauts sleep in the habitat and spend up to nine hours a day in the water.

"The habitat enables scientists to spend a lot of time underwater," explains Sylvia A. Earle, a marine biologist who has participated in seven Aquarius missions. "Without the habitat, they could do this for only a limited amount of time, and the amount of

(15) information they could gather would be equally limited."

Compared with other government-sponsored research programs, Aquarius is inexpensive. Its yearly budget totals only $1 million, as compared to $1 billion for the average space-shuttle mission. Nevertheless, the government has repeatedly threatened to cancel the project. "Hundreds of millions of dollars are being spent to photograph

(20) the oceans from space, and hundreds of millions have been proposed for ships to study the oceans from the surface," says Earle, "yet the government refuses to invest more money in research projects like Aquarius, which study the oceans from within."

Questions


(1) compare different government-sponsored research projects (2) explain why studying the oceans is so important (3) discuss an underwater habitat used for marine research (4) describe some of the findings of Aquarius biologists

- 46 - B/km 2012 ujlf



19. The main purpose of the first paragraph is to -

(1) show how difficult it was to construct the Aquarius Habitat (2) list some research projects conducted at the Aquarius Habitat (3) discuss the Aquarius Habitat's importance to scientists (4) describe the Aquarius Habitat's location, design and purpose

20. It can be understood that Sylvia A. Earle -

(1) has worked as an aquanaut (2) has never been to the habitat (3) thinks scientists spend too much time in Aquarius (4) is responsible for managing the Aquarius budget

21. The main idea in the third paragraph is that -

(1) Aquarius is more helpful to some scientists than to others (2) many scientists are waiting for a chance to work in Aquarius (3) thanks to Aquarius, scientists can spend more time underwater (4) the time scientists can spend in Aquarius is limited

22. "Nevertheless" (line 18) can be replaced by -

(1) Although Aquarius missions and space-shuttle missions are very similar (2) Despite the fact that the government sponsors the Aquarius project (3) Even though the amount of information Aquarius provides is limited (4) Although the Aquarius research program is relatively inexpensive

- 47 - B/km 2012 ujlf



Text II (Questions 23-27)

(1) In 1966, when the southern African republic of Botswana became independent from Britain, it was one of the world's poorest countries, with only three kilometers of paved roads, one public secondary school, and an average life expectancy of forty years. By 1996, Botswana had a higher average income than some European countries, 2,880

(5) kilometers of paved roads, one of the highest rates of secondary school attendance in Africa, and an average life expectancy of 65 years, the highest in sub-Saharan Africa. In the 1980s, Botswana's economy had the second-fastest rate of growth in the world.

How did all this happen? Income from diamond mining, Botswana's main industry, was the primary factor in the country's development. But help from the United States

(10) also played a significant role. Until recently, Botswana received massive amounts of U.S. foreign aid. Even more important was the form this assistance took: programs designed to help the country become self-sufficient. For example, soon after Botswana became independent, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) sent 800 Botswanan government employees to American universities to learn how to

(15) run their country's new government. USAID also helped to set up the Department of Primary Education at the University of Botswana. Graduates of this department now train new teachers at teachers' colleges throughout the country.

In addition, USAID paid for business administration courses for 300 Botswanan business owners. In order to encourage the country's poorest people to develop small

(20) businesses, organizations like Women's Finance House were set up. Women's Finance House offers training, savings accounts, and substantial loans to women with small, home-based businesses.

Another crucial factor in Botswana's economic development was the attitude of Botswanans and their government. As Botswana’s president, Sir Ketumile Masire,

(25) says, "We used to tell the United States government, 'Help us to help ourselves, and the more you help us, the sooner you will get rid of us.'" The result is summarized by Tina Mogami, deputy secretary of education: "We have progressed beyond our wildest dreams."

Questions


(1) discuss some problems of sub-Saharan African countries and suggest ways of solving them

(2) describe the progress that has occurred in Botswana since its independence and explain how it was accomplished

(3) argue that foreign aid from the United States should be given in the form of programs that help countries become self-sufficient

(4) show how the United States Agency for International Development helped to develop Botswana's educational system

- 48 - B/km 2012 ujlf



24. The text mentions "a higher average income than some European countries" (line 4) in order to -

(1) show how much Botswana's standard of living improved between 1966 and 1996(2) argue that the economic problems of European countries are actually worse than

those of Botswana(3) argue that other African countries need foreign aid more than Botswana does(4) explain why European experts are trying to learn from Botswana's experience

25. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that when Botswana first became independent -

(1) its people did not want to accept foreign aid (2) it had few trained government officials or teachers(3) diamond mining was the country's only industry(4) it already had several teachers' colleges

26. According to the third paragraph, Women's Finance House is -

(1) a business owned by Botswanan women(2) a USAID program run by women (3) a place where 300 Botswanans took business courses(4) an organization that helps women with small businesses

27. The last paragraph is mainly about -

(1) the attitudes of Botswanans toward foreign aid(2) a disagreement between two Botswanan government officials(3) how the U.S. government helped the president of Botswana (4) Sir Ketumile Masire and Tina Mogami's hopes for Botswana's future

- 49 - B/km 2012 ujlf



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B/km 2012 ujlf

Ниже приводится объяснение и демонстрация способа вычисления приблизительных оценок за публикуемый экзамен.Вы сможете вычислить приблизительную оценку за каждую из областей экзамена (словесное мышление, количественное мышление и английский язык), а также приблизительные оценки за экзамен в целом, которые вычисляются на основании оценок за три вышеупомянутые области.

Вычисление предварительных оценок за области экзаменаЗа каждый правильный ответ начисляется один балл. Для вычисления предварительной оценки следует сложить баллы, набранные вами в каждой из трех областей, входящих в экзамен (каждая область - количественное мышление, словесное мышление и английский язык - состоит из двух разделов). В результате будут получены три предварительные оценки: предварительная оценка за область словесного мышления, предварительная оценка за область количественного мышления, предварительная оценка за область английского языка.

Вычисление оценок за области экзаменаКаждой предварительной оценке соответствует оценка по единой шкале, на которую не влияют различия в вариантах, языках и датах экзамена. Вы сможете определить ваши оценки, воспользовавшись приведенной ниже таблицей перехода от предварительных оценок к оценкам за экзамен по единой шкале. По окончании данного этапа вы получите приблизительные оценки за три области экзамена (от 50 до 150):оценку за область словесного мышления (V)оценку за область количественного мышления (Q)оценку за область английского языка (Е)

52


Таблица перехода от предварительных оценок к оценкам по единой шкале во всех областях экзамена

Предвари-тельная оценка

Оценки по единой шкале

Словес-ное

Количест-венное

Англий-ский

0 50 50 50

1 51 51 51

2 52 52 53

3 53 54 55

4 54 56 57

5 55 58 59

6 56 60 61

7 57 62 63

8 58 64 65

9 59 66 67

10 60 68 69

11 61 70 71

12 62 72 73

13 63 74 74

14 64 76 76

15 65 78 78

16 67 80 80

17 68 82 82

18 70 85 83

19 71 87 85

20 73 89 87



Словес-ное



21 75 91 89

22 77 93 91

23 80 95 92

24 82 97 94

25 84 99 96

26 86 101 98

27 88 103 100

28 90 106 101

29 92 108 103

30 94 110 105

31 96 112 107

32 98 114 109

33 100 116 110

34 102 118 112

35 104 120 114

36 106 122 116

37 108 124 118

38 111 126 119

39 113 128 121

40 115 130 123

41 117 132 125



Словес-ное



42 119 134 127

43 121 136 128

44 123 138 130

45 125 140 132

46 128 142 134

47 131 144 136

48 134 146 137

49 138 148 139

50 142 150 141

51 146 143

52 150 145

53 147

54 150

53


Вычисление приблизительных общих оценок за экзамен

Для того чтобы приблизительно определить ваши общие оценки, вам следует сначала вычислить взвешенные средние оценки.

При вычислении общей междисциплинарной оценки удельный вес оценок за области словесного мышления и количественного мышления вдвое превышает удельный вес

оценки за область английского языка. Таким образом, взвешенная средняя оценка вычисляется по формуле: V Q E

52 2+ +

При вычислении общей оценки словесного профиля удельный вес оценки за область словесного мышления в три раза превышает удельный вес оценки за другие области. Таким образом, взвешенная средняя оценка вычисляется по формуле: V Q E

53 + +

При вычислении общей оценки количественного профиля удельный вес оценки за область количественного мышления в три раза превышает удельный вес оценки за

другие области. Таким образом, взвешенная средняя оценка вычисляется по формуле: Q V E

53 + +

Для вычисления приблизительной общей оценки вам следует воспользоваться таблицей перехода от взвешенной средней оценки к общей оценке, которая приведена ниже. Данные таблицы сгруппированы по интервалам.

Таблица перехода от взвешенной средней оценки к приблизительной общей оценке

Взвешенная средняя оценка

Приблизительная общая оценка

Взвешенная средняя оценка

Приблизительная общая оценка

50 200 101-105 504-531

51-55 221-248 106-110 532-559

56-60 249-276 111-115 560-587

61-65 277-304 116-120 588-616

66-70 305-333 121 -125 617-644

71-75 334-361 126-130 645-672

76-80 362-389 131-135 673-701

81-85 390-418 136-140 702-729

86-90 419-446 141-145 730-761

91-95 447-474 146-149 762-795

96-100 475-503 150 800

54


Образец вычисления приблизительной оценки

Предположим, что вы получили следующие предварительные оценки за области экзамена:

37 правильных ответов в области словесного мышления (в обоих разделах).26 правильных ответов в области количественного мышления (в обоих разделах).31 правильный ответ в области английского языка (в обоих разделах).

На основании таблицы на предыдущей странице:

ваша приблизительная оценка за область словесного мышления равна V=108Ваша приблизительная оценка за область количественного мышления равна Q = 101Ваша приблизительная оценка за область английского языка равна Е = 107

Вычисление взвешенных средних оценок показано в рамке ниже.

Взвешенная средняя междисциплинарная оценка составляет: 52 108 2 101 107 105$ $ =+ +] ]g g

В приведенной на предыдущей странице таблице эта оценка располагается в интервале 101-105.

Таким образом, соответствующая ей общая оценка находится в интервале 504-531.

Взвешенная средняя оценка словесного профиля составляет: .53 108 101 107 106 4$ + + =] g



Взвешенная средняя оценка количественного профиля составляет: 53 101 108 107 103$ + + =] g



55


Перевод оценки в проценты

Приведенная ниже таблица перевода интервалов в проценты поможет вам понять значение полученных вами оценок. Данные этой таблицы распределены по 17 категориям. Каждая категория соответствует определенному интервалу оценок. Для каждого интервала оценок приведен процент экзаменовавшихся, получивших более низкую оценку, процент получивших оценку в пределах данного интервала и процент получивших более высокую оценку. Например, общая оценка за экзамен 518 находится в интервале 500-524. Около 40% экзаменовавшихся получили оценку ниже данного интервала оценок, около 7% - оценку в пределах данного интервала, а около 53% - более высокую оценку.Деление на категории было произведено только для большей наглядности, и оно не отражает принципов приема студентов в какое-либо учебное заведение.Перевод оценки в проценты основывается на результатах всех людей, сдававших психометрический экзамен в последние годы.

Таблица перевода интервалов оценок в проценты

Интервал оценок

Процент экзаменовавшихся, чья оценка находится:

нижеинтервала

в пределахинтервала

вышеинтервала

200-349 0 6 94

350-374 6 4 90

375-399 10 5 85

400-424 15 5 80

425-449 20 6 74

450-474 26 7 67

475-499 33 7 60

500-524 40 7 53

525-549 47 7 46

550-574 54 7 39

575-599 61 7 32

600-624 68 8 24

625-649 76 7 17

650-674 83 6 11

675-699 89 5 6

700-724 94 3 3

725-800 97 3 0

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ل فص

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