CIII B11 T5 contenidos v08 · descripción de esta tierra que, junto a otras descripciones de otros...

Travel literature

en Wikimedia Commons

Desde el principio de los tiempos elhombre ha sentido una irrefrenablecuriosidad por conocer otros lugares, otrosentornos, otras culturas y gentes. Viajarsólo estaba al alcance de los másintrépidos, pues el viaje entrañaba riesgosy peligros considerables, o de los másadinerados, ya que sólo ellos podíanasumir los gastos que un viaje seguro

conllevaba.

La mayoría de la población únicamentepodía satisfacer esta curiosidad deconocer otros destinos a través de laliteratura, concretamente los libros orelatos de viajes. Los lectores alimentabansu imaginación con las descripciones queviajeros y exploradores plasmaban en susnarraciones. La lectura les brindaba laposibilidad de descubrir a través de losojos del valeroso viajero la riqueza y elmisterio que el mundo guardaba enlugares lejanos y casi inaccesibles.

En este apartado te ofrecemos la oportunidad de realizar un viaje por una tierra muy especial:Andalucía. Pero no será un viaje por la Andalucía que conoces y con la que estás familiarizado.Tendremos la visión de Andalucía de un viajero romántico del siglo XIX. Este viajero nos hará unadescripción de esta tierra que, junto a otras descripciones de otros viajeros, contribuirán a esaimagen tópica que a lo largo de la historia se ha formado de Andalucía y que en la actualidad muypoco o nada tiene ya que ver con la realidad andaluza.

¿Has visto en el cine Sleepy Hollow ? Pues nuestro viajero es el autor del relato enel que se basa esta película: Washington Irving , un escritor americano que en1826 fue nombrado diplomático en la embajada de Madrid y que aprovechó suestancia en España para conocer su cultura, su historia y sus gentes. Mostró unespecial interés por Andalucía y más concretamente por Granada y La Alhambra. Teproponemos que leas uno de sus escritos. Lo hemos adaptado para que te sea fácilcomprenderlo, así que seguro que con un poco de esfuerzo lo entenderásfácilmente. Contarás con un glosario para que te sea más fácil la comprensión,incluso el mismo autor utiliza en su narración palabras en español.

Ánimo y comprueba cómo era la Andalucía de los escritores románticos.

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1. Washington Irving

Washington Irving: The Journey.

(adapted from La Alhambra, 1832)

In the spring of 1829, the author of this work made an expedition from Seville to Granada incompany with a friend, a member of the Russian Embassy at Madrid. My friend and I had an especialinterest in Andalusia. Its austere and melancholic landscape of rocky mountains and long silent andsolitary plains have some of the undomesticated character of Africa.

landscape: paisaje

plain: llanura

Léete uno de los siguientes 8 resúmenes de los capítulos de la obra de Irving, y haz losejercicios que vienen acompañándolo.

1. The arrieros


The dangers of the journey force people to travel in

groups. The arrieros or muleteers are responsible for

the organization of the convoy of people and its

security. The muleteer is the legitimate traveler of

the land: he crosses the peninsula from the

Pyrenees and Asturias to the Alpuxarras, the Serrania

de Ronda, and even to the gates of Gibraltar. He

keeps all his provisions and possessions in his

alforjas. He always has his trabuco at hand to protect

his small fortune. A solitary bandolero, armed to the

teeth, will never dare to assault a group of

muleteers. The muleteer has a dark and sunburnt

complexion. His character is quiet, frank and

courteous -he never passes you without a serious

salutation: "Dios guarde a usted!" "Va usted con

Dios, Caballero!" ("God guard you!" "God be with

you, Cavalier!").

The muleteer knows a lot of songs and ballads about

the Moors, contrabandistas and bandoleros (because

smugglers and robbers are poetical heroes for the

common people of Spain). He has an especial talent

for improvising songs about some incident of the

journey. This talent is something very frequent in

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Spain and people say that it was inherited from the

Moors.

cross: cruzar, cruz

keep: guardar

dare: atreverse

assault: asaltar

sunburnt: quemado por el sol

inherited: heredado

Verdadero Falso

Verdadero Falso

Verdadero Falso

Verdadero Falso

Verdadero Falso

Marca la opción correcta

1. People didn’t travel alone because it was very dangerous.

2. A group of soldiers were responsible of the security of the group of travelers.

3. The muleteer was a polite person.

4. The muleteer could invent songs easily.

5. Muleteers were smugglers

2. The landscape

Pregunta Verdadero-Falso

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The ancient kingdom of Granada is one of the most mountainous regions

of Spain. Enormous sierras, without plants or trees, elevate their

sunburnt summits against a deep-blue sky. However, between these rocky

mountains, there are green valleys full of fig , orange and lemon trees. The

perfume of the myrtle and the rose accompanies the traveler in this wonderful

landscape.

kingdom: reino

summit: cima

fig tree: higuera

IMAGES YES NO



¿Cuáles de estas imágenes puedes encontrar en el paisaje descrito por WashingtonIrving? Escribe "CORRECTO" o "INCORRECTO" según corresponda a las imágenes :

Actividad de Espacios en Blanco

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de Kalamazadkhan

de Fir0002

de Christophe Mehay

de Paulo Costa

de SEWilco

Enviar

3. The bandoleros

The route to Granada was frequently visited by robbers . My friend and I didn't like the idea oftraveling in a large convoy with noisy people and animals and preferred to travel alone. We tooksome precautions. We sent the most valuable part of our luggage a day or two in advance inone of those large convoys. We only had the most basic things for the journey and money for theexpenses of the road. We had to carry an extra amount of dollars in case we were assaulted by

bandoleros because they got furious when they found nothing to steal. Many travelers lost their

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lives because of these furious bandoleros.

en Wikimedia

Commons

We took into service a muleteer called Sancho: a muscular Biscayan young man, about twentyyears of age, who was to be our guide, our assistant, and at all times our guard . He had aformidable trabuco, and he promised to defend us against rateros; but he honestly confessed that hecould do nothing against powerful bands, like that of the "sons of Ecija."

robber: ladrón , bandolero

valuable: valioso

luggage: equipaje

expenses: gastos

guard: escolta

powerful: poderoso, -a

1. Washington Irving and his friend to travel with other people.

2. They with very few things.

3. They a lot of money.

4. The robbers people when they got very angry.

5. Sancho responsible of the two travellers' security.

Completa la frase con palabras del recuadro.

could kill / didn't carry / was / didn't want / travelled


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Enviar

4. The beginning of the journey.


When all the preparations for the journey were finished, we left Seville at half-p

morning of a bright May day. Our route first passed through Alcala de Guadaira

river Aira). Here live the bakers who provide Seville with the delicious and fam

Alcala. We ordered Sancho to buy those roscas called pan de Dios (bread of God).

Our next stop was at Gandul where we found a tolerable posada. The people

could not tell us the time because the clock only struck once in the day, two hou

until that time you had to guess what time it was. We were hungry so we though

time. After eating, we left the posada and continued our journey across the campiñ

of those enormous plains, common in Spain, where for miles

nor tree.

through: por, a través de

baker: panadero

provide: proveer

strike: dar la hora

guess: adivinar

mile: milla

Marca la opción correcta:

1.The journey began on a ...

Pregunta de Elección Múltiple

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winter day

spring day

2. When W. Irving and his friend arrived in Alcalá de Guadaira. . .

they bought some bread.

it was very cloudy

3. In Gandul...

they had breakfast.

they had lunch.

4. The campiña...

was very mountainous

didn't have any houses or trees.

5. The inn in Arahal

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Paragraph 1

en WikimediaCommons

After sunset we arrived at Arahal, a little town among the

hills . We spent the first night of our journey in a nice

posada. When we were talking with the innkeeper , a group

of miquelets arrived at the inn. The miquelets are a kind of

rural police. They were looking for robbers in the country.

As soon as the commander of the miquelets saw me and my

friend, he asked for our passports. After asking us some

questions the commander gave us back our passports. Then

my Russian friend distributed a few cigars to the people at

the inn. This present won the hearts of all and they made

big efforts to make us welcome.

sunset: puesta de sol

hill: colina

innkeeper: posadero

look for: buscar

heart: corazón

Paragraph 2


While we were having dinner with the patrol commander,

we heard the notes of a guitar, and the sound of castanets.

Next, a chorus of voices sang a popular song. We ordered

the innkeeper to serve wine to everybody. Though there

was a diverse congregation of soldiers, muleteers, and

villagers , nobody got drunk and we all enjoyed the music,

the dancing and the singing. This was a perfect scene for a

painter: the picturesque group of dancers, the soldiers in

their military dresses, the villagers and an old Alguazil in a

short black cloak.

wine: vino

villager: aldeano

get drunk: enborracharse/

Paragraph 3

The following morning was a bright May morning. Before we left the posada, all

the people said good-bye and wished us a safe journey. Finally, the commander

of the patrol offered us one of his soldiers as an escort. "One is enough to protect

you, señores; the robbers know me, and know my men; the sight of one is

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enough to extend terror through a whole sierra." We thanked him for his offer

but we told him that Sancho was responsible for our protection.

safe: seguro

sight: vista, vision

enough: suficiente

1. 4. 7.

2. 5.

3. 6.

Enviar

Lee las siguientes oraciones y ordénalas según el orden de la narración.

a) They left the posada.

b) Some people started to play a guitar and some castanets.

c) The commander of the miquelets give them back their passports.

d) The people at the inn drank some wine.

e) The commander of the miquelets asked them some questions.

f) W. Irving and his friend arrived at a posada in Arahal.

g) The people at the inn said goodbye to W. Irving and his friend.

6. Osuna and Antequera


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That day we travelled through a fertile country. At lunch

time we sat under a big tree and ate the lunch that Sancho

had prepared. After eating, we took a luxurious siesta in the

Spanish fashion

Towards five o'clock we arrived in Osuna, a town of fifteen

thousand inhabitants, situated on the side of a hill, with a

church and a ruined castle . We looked for a posada. It was

a cold evening and the people at the inn were sitting around

a brasero.

We lit our cigars, and passed the cigar-box to the people

around. Once again our victory was complete. I have never

known a Spaniard who didn't appreciate courtesy; and to the

common Spaniard the present of a puro (cigar) is irresistible.

However, never offer him a present with an air of superiority

and condescension: he is too much of a caballero to receive

favours at the cost of his dignity.

in the Spanish fashion: a la española

castle: castillo

once again: una vez más

de El Pantera

L eaving Osuna at an early hour the next morning, we

entered the sierra. The landscape was picturesque but

solitary. There were crosses by the road side. These crosses

were the sign of a murder , so we knew that we were now

travelling in robbers' territory. This is where "Jose Maria el

Tempranillo," a famous Spanish bandolero, had his favorite

working place.

We spent that night in Antequera. The next morning we

visited the town and we could see the women wearing

mantilla: (the fashions of Paris had not reached

Antequera). We went to the ruins of the old Moorish castle

and enjoyed a beautiful landscape full of romantic

associations because we were in the heart of a region

famous for the combats between the Moors and the

Christians. From the old Moorish castle we could see the

Rock of the Lovers (Peñón de los Enamorados). The legend

says that the daughter of the Moorish alcayde and her lover

committed suicide by throwing themselves from the top of

the Peñon because the Moorish alcayde didn't approve of

their love relationship.

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We left Antequera the following morning at eight o'clock. At

noon we stopped near Archidona. At lunch time, we sat on

the grass under an elm by the side of a small river not far

from Archidona castle.

murder: asesinato

reach: alcanzar

grass: hierba

elm: olmo

7. The beggar and the leg end of Archidona Castle

While we were eating, a solitary beggar approached . We gave him some

money, some bread, and a glass of our Malaga wine. After thanking us for this,

he put the bread in a bag. We asked him to eat the bread, but he replied: "No,

señores, the wine I can drink or leave; but the bread I have to take home

to share with my family." Although he was a very poor man, he had the

natural courtesy of a Spaniard and the poetical way of speaking that you can

often find even in the lowest classes in Spain. We gave him more food, so that

he could eat with us. After eating, the beggar told us the legend of Archidona

castle.

beggar: mendigo

approach: aproximarse

share: compartir

although: aunque

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1.

Ahora vas a escuchar al mendigo narrando esta leyenda. Señala los personajes yelementos de la leyenda:

Queen Catherine

Queen Isabella

Queen Mary

2.

The Moorish King

The Christian King.

The Spanish King

3.

The castle

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the house

the palace

4.

the people

the army

the villagers

5.

The lady

The Princess

The Virgin

6.

The lion

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The horse

de Té y kriptonita

The castle was inhabited a Moorish king

at the of the wars of Granada.

Queen Isabella to conquest the

castle with a great /army: ejército/ .

The Moorish king laughed at her because the

was very difficult to conquest. The

says that the Virgin

/appear: aparecer/ to Queen

Isabella and /guide: guiar/ her

and her army to the castle following a

mysterious /path: sendero/ in the

. Nobody knew that path.

When the Moor her and her big army

coming, he was terrified and jumped off a

precipice with his horse. You can he

marks of his horse's hoofs /hoof: casco/ in

the margin of a rock. But the miracle is that

can see the mysterious path at a

distance, and when you near the path

it disappears!

Escucha de nuevo la leyenda y léela a la vez. Completa el texto con las palabras quefaltan.


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8. The end of the journey

We continued our journey and before sunset we could see the famous little

frontier city of Loxa. We were having dinner at the posada when, suddenly ,

two poor and unfortunate Asturians arrived. They were assaulted

by bandoleros when they were coming from a fair . They robbed them their

horse, their money, everything. The Asturians offered resistance and the

robbers beat them and left them almost naked in the road. My companion,

with his usual generosity, ordered them a dinner and a bed, and gave them

money to help them return home.

The following day, we entered upon the famous Vega of Granada. There, in

the distance, was romantic Granada with the towers of Alhambra watching the

city from the top of the mountain. Far beyond the Alhambra the snowy

summits of the Sierra Nevada shone like silver .

We stopped to contemplate this wonderful sight. Our Sancho said: "Ah Dios,

señores! What a city you are going to see. Such streets! Such squares! Such

palaces! And then the women -ah Santa Maria Purisima- what women!"

suddenly: de repente

fair: feria

beat: golpear

naked: desnudo

far beyond: mucho más allá

silver: plata

Marca la opción correcta:

1. W. Irving and his friend arrived in Loxa in the evening.

Pregunta Verdadero-Falso

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Verdadero Falso

Verdadero Falso

Verdadero Falso

Verdadero Falso

2. W. Irving and his friend were assaulted by bandoleros .

3. The robbers stole clothes

4. Sancho dislikes Granada very much.

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2. Conectores

TIME CONNECTORS.-

En una narración literaria o sencillamente cuando cuentas lo que ha pasado a lo largode un determinado espacio de tiempo, se hace necesario el uso de los conectores de

tiempo . Éstos son expresiones de tiempo que utilizamos cuando, por ejemplo,contamos lo que hicimos ayer o durante unas vacaciones o incluso cuando "narramos"una divertida anécdota. "Time connectors" son las palabras encargadas deestablecer el orden cronológico en el que ocurren las cosas.

Conectores de

tiempo

Time

connectors

Antes de (que) BEFORE (that)

Después de (que) AFTER (that)

Seguidamente NEXT

Luego, después THEN

Mientras WHILE

Cuando WHEN

Primero, segundo,tercero

FIRST, SECOND,THIRD

Finalmente FINALLY

Visita este enlace para obtener una explicación más amplia sobre TIME CONNECTORS.

TIME CONNECTORS

A lo largo de la narración de Washington Irving que acabas de leer, el autor ordena lossucesos de su viaje con la ayuda de time connectors .

Lee de nuevo el capítulo " The Inn in Arahal " y busca todos los conectores de tiempoque hay.

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Paragraph 1:

Paragraph 2:

Paragraph 3:

Enviar

Escribe en los casilleros correspondientes a cada párrafo (" paragraph ") del capítuloThe Inn in Arahal los conectores de tiempo que encuentres. Escríbelos en el mismo

orden en el que aparecen en el párrafo.

Yesterday...

7.30 Get up ...Richard got up at 7.30 in the morning.WHEN / THEN he had a shower

and got dressed.7.30 to8.00

Shower +get dressed

Ahora vas a utilizar estos conectores en una narración sencilla.

¿Te acuerdas de Richard, el norteamericano que vino a Andalucía para aprenderespañol? Mira lo que su agenda tenía previsto para el día de ayer. Vas a completar lanarración sobre lo que Richard hizo ayer eligiendo el conector de tiempo correcto.



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8.00 to8.20

Breakfastbreakfast. WHILE / AFTER he

was having breakfast, he listened to theradio news.

8.30 BusAFTER / BEFORE breakfast, he

left home and took the bus to theuniversity.

9.00 to13.00

Classes He had classes from 9 to 13.00.

13.00 LibraryWHILE / WHEN he finished his

classes, he borrowed two books at theuniversity library.

14.00Lunch withCharo

NEXT / BEFORE , he met Charo at

the university canteen for lunch. Theymeet for lunch three times a week topractice both English and Spanish.

16.00 to19.30

Englishschool

THEN / AS SOON AS

they finished lunch, Richard went to theEnglish School where he works as ateacher. He left the English school at19.30 and went home.

20.00 Buy foodBEFORE / NEXT he arrived

home, he bought some food at thesupermarket near his apartment.

Home!!AFTER / FINALLY , he had

dinner, watched a film on TV and went tobed.

Enviar

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3. Resumen

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2. Para Aprender Hazlo Tú

1. The telephone rang Peter was having a bath.

2. Yesterday I went to work and I went home.

3. Don't forget to wash your hands having lunch.

4. leaving the plane we went to collect our luggage.

5. Linda finished work she went to visit her parents.

6. First he got up at 7:30, then he had breakfast. he went to work.

Enviar

Lee atentamente las siguientes oraciones y rellena los huecos con uno de los conectoresde tiempo del recuadro.

When / Then/ Next / While / Before/ After

Lee las siguientes frases y decide cuál de las dos opciones es la correcta.

Peter's mother arrived home while he was having breakfast.


Pregunta de Elección Múltiple

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Peter's mother arrived home before he was having breakfast.

Laura and Daniel went to work by bus, then they met some friends and finallythey went home.

Laura and Daniel went to work by bus, as soon as they met some friends andthen they went home.

As soon as having those pills you should tell the doctor.

Before having those pills you should tell the doctor.

When my parents arrived, we had dinner.

While my parents arrived, we had dinner

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CIII B11 T5 contenidos v08 · descripción de esta tierra que, junto a otras descripciones de otros...

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