BOMBA DAGUA.ppt

8/10/2019 BOMBA DAGUA.ppt

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VALVES


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TYPES OF VALVES

Globe valves - common type of stop

valve

the disk seats on the seating ring

commonly used in, steam, air, water, and

oil lines

also used as throttle valves


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TYPES OF VALVES

Gate valve - used for straight line

flow and when minimum flow

restriction are needed not used for throttling

rising stem or nonrising stem

steam systems have flexible gates


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TYPES OF VALVES

Butterfly valve - light weight,

relatively small and quick-acting

has a body, resilient seat, butterfly disk, astem, packing, a notched position plate,

and a handle

very versatile - can be used for fresh water,salt water, JP-5, lube-oil, and chill water

systems


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Relief

Valve


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VALVE OPERATING

DEVICES Manual

Hydraulic

Motor (electric or air operated)

Solenoid


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PUMPS


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PUMP COMPONENTS

Drive

Steam, electric, or gear

Pump Shaft

Impeller or Piston

Casing


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PUMP TYPES

CENTRIFUGAL Single Stage

Multi-staged centrifugal pumps

POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT

Reciprocating

Rotary Gear

Screw

Moving vane JET PUMP

Eductor

Ejector


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POSITIVE

DISPLACEMENT PUMP Fixed Volume

Volumetric Flow rate is proportional to

speed

A relief valve will always be on the

discharge end of the pump


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E

XA

MP

LE

S


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PRESSURE HEAD

( Hp = ft lbf/ lbm)

CAPACITY

(V= GPM)

N 1 N 2

Actual

Ideal

Recip rocat ing Pump

Charact er ist ic Cur ve


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BERNOULLIS THEOREM

Z1+ P1/D + 1/2(V12/g) =Z2+P2/D + 1/2(V2

2/g)

+ gc/g(wk) + HL

Where:

Z : Elevation (ft)

P : Pressure (lbs/ft2)

D : Density (lb/ft3)

V : Velocity (ft/sec)g : acceleration

(32.2 ft/sec2)

wk: work (ft-lbs)

HL: Head Loss

= f(L/D)(V2/2Zg)

where

f : friction factor

L: Length

D: Diameter


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BERNOULLIS PRINCIPLE

Basically: as the velocity (speed) of afluid increases, its pressure decreases,

and visa versa


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PUMPS

Net Positive Suction Head: that

pressure required at the suction of a

pump to prevent cavitation. cavitation: the formation of bubbles due to

area where P < PSAT, and the subsequent

collapse of those bubbles.

causes noise and damage due to erosion and

fatigue failure.


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Pressure

Head

V = GPM

HP =

( ft lbf)/ lbm

V N

Hp N2

Pw N3

.here

V = volumetric flow rate

N = Speed of rotation

Hp= Pump Head ( discharge pressure

Pw= Power required ( prime mover)

N 2= 2N 1

Charact er ist ic cur ve for cent r i f ugal pum p

N 1

N 2


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PUMPS

Centrifugal:

Parallel pumps:

1 pump

2 pumpsHP

VGPM

V2= 2V1

HP2= HP1


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PUMPS

Series (called staging):

HP

VGPM

1 pump

2 pumps


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Fans

Same Principle as Non-positive

displacement pumps

Types: Centrifugal: majority used for compressors

Axial (like propeller): cooling fans


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QUESTIONS

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