Astm Designación d 4318-00

8/19/2019 Astm Designación d 4318-00

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ASTM DESIGNACIÓN: D 4318-00MÉTODO DE ENSAYO ESTÁNDAR PARA LÍMITE LÍQUIDO, LÍMITE PLÁSTICO EINDICE PLÁSTICO DE SUELOS

1. ALCANCE

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1.7 D" #$!"%" (( &(( " &&*#&'& %& &'()" "' ""*/"'(%"*"#" /6+&: Método de preparación húmeda, *"#" & %&*/& &' 10.1. Método de

prepara-ción seca, *"#" & %&*/& &' 10.7. E #$!"%" ( & +(%" &&&*/5*(%" " ( (+!"/%(% 2+& " &2+/&(. S/ '/'6' #$!"%" & &&*/5*(%", +&& #$!"%" %& &((-*/' 9#&%(.

1.7.1 L" /#/!& 2+/%" ) !/*" %& #+*9" +&" ( " 2+& & & 9( &#/!/%"&*( ('!& %& &'()" +&%& & *"'/%&(&'!& %/&&'!& %& ;("& "!&'/%"&' #+&!( '" &*(%(. S/ " /#/!& /2+/%" ) !/*" %& +&" "' +(%" ((*"&(*/"'( " &!/#( ( "/&%(%& /'6&'/&/& %& " +&" &' + &!(%" %&9+#&%(% '(!+(, '" %&& & &#/!/%" ( ( #+&!( &*( ('!& %& &'()", (#&'" 2+& /'"#(*/' " #+&!( &*( &(' &&*5*(#&'!& %&&(%(.

1.3 D" #$!"%" (( %&!&#/'( & /#/!& /2+/%" "' ""*/"'(%" *"#"/6+&: Método A, E'()" #+!/-+'!", *"#" & %&*/& &' ( S&**/"'& 11 )17. Método B, E'()" %& +' +'!" *"#" & %&*/& &' ( S&**/"'& 13 ) 14. E

#$!"%" ( & +(%" %&& & &&*/5*(%" " ( (+!"/%(% "/*/!('!&. S/ '/'6'#$!"%" & &&*/5*(%", +& & M$!"%" A.

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1.3.3 L( *"&(*/' &' ( *+( &!' ((%" " **+" %& #$!"%" %& +' +'!"+&%& '" & ;(/%" (( (6+'" +&", !(& *"#" +&" "6'/*" " +&" %&+' (#/&'!& #(/'". E (#/(#&'!& &*"#&'%(%" 2+& & /#/!& /2+/%" %& &!"+&" &( %&!&#/'(%" " & #$!"%" #+!/-+'!".

1.4 E &'()" %& /#/!& !/*" & &&*!+(%" *"' #(!&/(& &((%" (( &&'()" %& /#/!& /2+/%".


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D B07B P(*!/*( (( U" %& D/6/!" S/6'/5*(!/;" &' I'"#(*/' G&"!$*'/*(.

E 11 E&*/5*(*/' (( M(( %& A(#& T&


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3.7.? suelo plástico +' +&" & *+( !/&'& +' ('6" %& *"'!&'/%" %& (6+( "& &*+( &!& &>9/& (!/*/%(% ) & *+( &!(& + "#( ( &*(&.

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3.7. ndice de li+uide ( &(*/', &>&(%( *"#" +' "*&'!(


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B.1.4 E0céntrica - D/&F(%" (( &&;( ( *"( +(;&'!& ) *"'!/'+(#&'!& ((+ #>/#( (!+(, "& +'( %/!('*/( %& ( #&'" 180 %& "!(*/' &>*$'!/*(, /'%&("( +'( ;&"*/%(% (*&'%&'!& " %&*&'%&'!& %& ( *"( *+('%" &' (&>*$'!/*( & *(2+/" %&*$'!/*(. @E #";/#/&'!" &>*$'!/*" &&/%" &+'( *+;( 2+& +& +'/"#&'!& (*&&(%(.

N"!( 7 E %/&F" %& ( &>*$'!/*( ) & *(2+/" &' ( /6. 1 & (( +' #";/#/&'!"+'/"#&'!& (*&&(%" @((/*" %&+$ %& *"'!(*!" ) (&6+( 2+& ( *"('" !/&'& ;&"*/%(% &' 6"& ((6(%". O!" %/&F" %& &>*$'!/*( !(#/$'""*/"'(' &!( *((*!&!/*( ) +&%&' & +(%". S/' (6" / ( &>*&'!/*(-*(2+/" &;('!(%( &' & (!' '" & *"'"*/%", *&" ;&"*/%(% &' & 6"& ((6(%"+&%& & (&6+(%" #&%/('!& +' &&'" *+/%(%"" " #(2+/'('%" ( &>*$'!/*( )& *(2+/" (( 2+& ( (!+( %& ( *"( & #('!&'6( *"'!('!& "& ( #&'" 70( 4? %& "!(*/' %& ( &>*$'!/*(.

B.1.? Acarreador, *"'!+/%" &' & &'!/%" 2+& &#/!( +' *"';&'/&'!& &" &6+"(


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. REACTIOS Y MATERIALES

.1 P+&=( %& (6+( D"'%& (6+( %&!/(%( & &&/%( &' &!& #$!"%" %& &'()",(#(, (6+( %&!/(%( " %&#/'&(/=(%( +&%&' & +(%(. & N"!( *+/&'%"& +" %& (6+( %& 6/".

8. MUESTREO Y ESPÉCIMEN

8.1 ( #+&!( +&%&' & !"#(%( %& (6' +6( 2+& (!/(6( ( '&*&/%(%&%& &'()". S/' (6", ( P(*!/*( C 07, D ? ) D 470 +&%&' & +(%(*"#" 6+( (( &&**/"'( ) &&;( #+&!( %& ;(/" !/" %& "&(*/"'& %&#+&!&" L( #+&!( &' ( *+(& " &&*#&'& &' &((%" +('%" &#$!"%" %& &((*/' 9#&%( @10.1 +&%& & #('!&'/%( ( + *"'!&'/%" %&(6+( *"#" #+&-!&(%( &;/" ( ( &((*/'.

8.1.1 D"'%& ( "&(*/"'& %& #+&!&" !/&'&' &&;(%( ( &!(!/5*(*/''(!+( %& ( #+&!(, " &!(!" ;(/" +&%&' & #('!&'/%" &((%" )

&


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.1.1.7 D&6(!& %& ( C"( R&(*& ( *"( *+('%" ( 9&(#/&'!( %&('+(%" "%+*& +' %&6(!& *"' +'( %&&/' &' ( *"( %& 0.1 ## @0.004+6. %& "+'%/%(% " *+('%" ( "/( %& ( *"( 9( /%" &%+*/%( ( ( #/!(% %& +&&" "/6/'(. &/52+& 2+& ( *"( &!( 5#&'!& (%9&/%( ( *"6(%&".

.1.1.3 D&6(!& %& #('&( %& ( C"( &/52+& 2+& & /;"!& %& #('&( %& (*"( '" &! (&!(%" ) '" &!( 6(!(%" ( +'(&>!&'/' 2+& &#/!( # %& 3 ##@18 +6 #";/#/&'!" (%" ( (%" %& +'!" (!&'/' 2+& ( *"(6"&& ('!& %& 2+& & #('&( %& ( *"( @(!& %& "!" /&%( *"'!(*!" *"' &"!".

.1.7 H&(#/&'!( %& R('+(%" I'&**/"'& ( 9&(#/&'!( %& ('+(%" ((%&6(!( &' +'( (& &6+( ) &*+&'!&. L( (/%&= %& %&6(!& %&&'%& %&#(!&/( %& *+( ( 9&(#/&'!( & 9&*9(, ) & !/" %& +&" /&'%" &'()(%".S+&" *"'!&'/&'%" +'( ""*/' 6('%& %& (!*+( %& (&'( 5'( +&%&'

*(+( /%" %&6(!& %& ( 9&(#/&'!( %& ('+(%" " " !('!", *+('%" &'()&&!" #(!&/(&, ( 9&(#/&'!( %&&' & /'&**/"'(%( *"' #( &*+&'*/(2+& (( "!" +&".

N"!( 4 E ('*9" %& ( +'!( %& ( 9&(#/&'!( %& ('+(%" & *"';&'/&'!&'!&;&/5*(%(, +('%" +' #&%/%" %& "/" #(6'/5*(%" &2+/(%" *"' +'( &*((#//#$!/*(. M(6'/5*(%"& %& &!& !/" &!' %/"'/& &' #+*9( *"#(F(2+& +#/'/!(' ( " ("(!"/". L( (!+( %& ( +'!( %& ( 9&(#/&'!( %&('+(%" +&%& & ;&/5*(%( +('%" & #&%/%" %& (!+( *((*!&!/*" %&*(/(%" ;&'/&.

.7 A


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& (('*&( &' & #&%/%" %+('!& &!( "&(*/' %& *9&2+&", & /;"!& (!/%(/"%& "!" &!( &>*&/;(#&'!& 6(!(%" ) ( /&=( 6(!(%( +&%& & &(=(%(.S/& +&;( ( */'!( %&+$ %& *"#&!( ( "&(*/' %& (


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10.1.7.1 C""2+& & &$*/#&' @;& 8.7 &' +'( ('%&"'& ( +'( *"/&'!& %& (/& ( ( !&(!+( %& *+(!", @ &>"'& ( +'(*"/&'!& %& (/& %& +'( +&'!& !( *"#" +' &*(%" %& &" &$*!/*", @* %&*('!(& (6+( /#/( %& ( +&5*/& %& ( +&'/', @% /!('%" &' +' +%"V*9'& " +('%" 5!" *('%&(, " @& %&'('%" &' +' *"(%" " (!" %& )&" %&P( (/'&(%" *"' (!( &!&'!/;/%(%, (& 5!" %& &/!&'*/( 9#&%( (!(. S/ +'(!" %& )&" %& P( & +(%", !&'6( *+/%(%" %& 2+& ( *+( '+'*( & ;+&;(


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+5*/&'!&'!& (!+(%( 2+& &!( (& " ("& (6+( &' + +&5*/&. S&2+&*"#&!(#&'!& ( *+( &'!& +". D+('!& ( &;("(*/' ) &'/(#/&'!",";& & #(!&/( " +5*/&'!& (( &;&'/ "&&*(%" %& ( ('&%/!( / ( #(!&/( '" & & &#/!& &*(*"#&!(#&'!&. S/' (6", & #(!&/( +&%& !&'& +'( ((/&'*/( &*( *+('%"&!( +;&/=(%".

10.7.7 P+;&/*& & #(!&/( &' +' #"!&" *"' /!/" %& 9+& " %& (6+'( "!(#('&( 2+& '" *(+& +!+( %& ( (!*+( /'%/;/%+(&. C+('%" ( (!*+(6+&( &'*"'!(%( %+('!& ( +;&/=(*/' "' *"'*&*/"'&, *"'*9(, + "!((!*+( 6/, '" !/!+& &( (!*+( (( 9(*& 2+& (&' ( #(( %& 47? ##@N". 40 &" +&;( *"' ( #('" + "!" #&%/" (%&*+(%", !( *"#" (;(%". S/ &"*&%/#/&'!" %& (;(%" & +(%", /6( " (" 10.1.7.1 ( 10.1.7.4.

10.7.3 S&(& & #(!&/( &' +'( #(( %& 47? ## @N". 40, (6/!('%" ( #(( *"'( #('" (( (&6+( &((*/' *"#&!( %& ( (**/' 5'(. R&6&& & #(!&/(&!&-'/%" &' ( #(( %& 47? ## ( (((!" %& +;&/=( ) &/!( ( "&(*/"'&%& !(#/=(-%" ) +;&/=(%". P(& &!& "*&" *+('%" # %& #(!&/( 5'" 9( /%"

%&(6&6(%" ) #(!&/( &!&'/%" &' ( #(( %& 47? ## *"'/!& %& (!*+(/'%/;/%+(&.

10.7.4 C""2+& & #(!&/( &!&'/%" &' ( #(( %& 47? ## @N". 40 %&+$ %& ("&(*/' %& +;&/=(%" 5'(, &' +' (!" ) 9+#&%$*(( *"' +'( &2+&F(*('!/%(% %& (6+(. R&;+&;( &!( #&=*( ) !('5$(( ( +'( #(( %& 47? ##,(!(& & (6+( ) (6+'" 5'" +&'%/%" &' & &*//&'!& %& (;(%". /&!( &!(


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+&'/' &' +' (!" *"'!&'/&'%" & +&" &*" &;/(#&'!& !(#/=(%" " (#(( %& 47? ##. D&*(!& & #(!&/( &!&'/%" &' ( #(( %& 47? ##.

10.7.? P"*&%( *"#" & %&*/& &' 10.1.7.3 ) 10.1.7.4.

LIMITE LIQUIDO MULTI PUNTOS METODO A

11. PROCEDIMIENTO

11.1 R&=*& *"#&!(#&'!& & &$*/#&' @+&" &' + &*//&'!& %& #&=*(%",) / & '&*&(/", (!/$'%(-( &' ( *"( ( +'( "+'%/%(% %& (&%&%" 10## &' + +'!" %& #()" "+'%/%(% ('


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11.3. S/ & +&" %&/=( &' ( +&5*/& %& ( *"(, &/!( 11.1 11.3 *"' +' (!"*"'!&'/%" %& (6+(. S/, %&+$ %& (6+'" &'()" *"' *"'!&'/%" %& 9+#&%(%+*&/;(#&'!& (!", & +&" &((%" *"'!/'+( %&/=('%" &' ( *"( " / &'+#&" %& 6"& &2+&/%" (( *&( ( ('+( & /& #&'" 2+& 7?,&6/!& 2+& & /#/!& /2+/%" '" +&%& & %&!&#/'(%", ) &"!& & +&" *"#" '"

!/*" /' %&("( & &'()" %& /#/!& !/*".11.? R&6/!& & '+#&" %& 6"&, N, &2+&/%" (( *&( ( ('+(. R+&;( +'((*( %& +&" %& (">/#(%(#&'!& & ('*9" %& ( &!+(, &>!&'%/&'%" %& "%&( "%& %& (!& %& +&" &' '6+" &*!" ( ( ('+( & /'*+)&'%" ( "*/' %& (('+( &' ( *+( & +&" K+)&


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13. PROCEDIMIENTO

13.1 P"*&%( *"#" & %&*/& &' 11.1 11.? &>*&!" 2+& & '+#&" %& 6"&&2+&/%" (( *&( ( ('+( & %& 70 ( 30. S/ #&'" %& 70 " # %& 306"& "' &2+&/%", (


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%& /#/!& /2+/%". R&%+=*( & *"'!&'/%" %& (6+( %& +&" ( +'( *"'/!&'*/( ( (*+( +&%( & "%(%( /' &6(& ( ( #('" " &>!&'%/%" " #&=*('%"*"'!/'+(#&'!& &' ( (*( %& ;/%/" " &' & (!" %& (#(*&'(#/&'!"&*(%". E"*&" %& &*(%" +&%& & (*&-&(%" #&%/('!& ( &>"/*/' %& +&" ( +'(*"/&'!& %& (/& %& +' ;&'!/(%" &$*-!/*", " " &*( *"' (&, 2+& '" (%/*/"'&

'/'6+'( 5( ( +&". P(& (%&*+(%" !( *"#" (& %& +&5*/& %+(, (&!"(( " (& 5!" %& (!( &/!&'*/( 9#&%(.

TALA 1 (*!"& (( O!&'& & L/#/!& L/2+/%" %& *"'!&'/%" %& (6+( ) '+#&" %&6"& 2+& *(+(' & */&& %& ( ('+(.

N(Numero

degolpes)

K (Factorpara Limite

liquido)

20 0.3

21 0.

22 0.8?

23 0.0

24 0.?

25 1.000

26 1.00?

27 1.00

28 1.014

2 1.018

30 1.077

1B. PROCEDIMIENTO

1B.1 D& &!& &$*/#&' %& /#/!& !/*", &&**/"'& +'( "*/' %& 1.? ( 7.0 6."#& ( "*/' &&**/"'(%( &' +'( #(( &/"/%(.

1B.7 R+&%& ( #(( %& +&" " +'" %& " /6+/&'!& #$!"%":

1B.7.1 Método Manual R+&%& ( #(( &'!& ( (#( " %&%" ) ( (*( %& ;/%/"

*"' +5*/&'!& &/' (( &'"( ( #(( &' +' 9/" %& %/#&!" +'/"#& "!"%( + "'6/!+% @;& N"!( 10. E 9/" & (&


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N"!( 10 U'( &(*/' '"#( %& "%(%" (( #+*9" +&" +&%& & %& 80 ( 0&*"/%" " #/'+!", *"'/%&('%" *"#" +' &*"/%" & #";/#/&'!" *"#&!" %&( #('" 9(*/( %&('!& ) 9(*/( (! %& ( "/*/' /'/*/(. E!( &(*/' %& "%(%"+&%& %&*&*& (( #+*9" +&" 6/&.

N"!( 11 U'( (( " !+" %& 3.7 ## @18 +6 %& %/#&!" & +(%" ((&*+&'!& *"#((*/"'& *"' & +&" 9/(%" (( %&!&#/'( *+('%" & 9/" 9((*('=(%" & %/#&!" ("/(%".

1B.7.7 Método con $ispositio de 4odado S+!" %& " 9/" %& +&" '" %&&' &'!( &' *"'!(*!"

*"' " (%" %& /&. S/ &!" "*+&, +&%& +'( #(( &2+&F( %& +&" @ (' / &#&'" 2+& ( #&'*/"'(%( &' ( &**/' 1B.1.

N"!( 17 E' #+*9" *(", %" #(( %& +&" @9/(%"+&%&' & "%(%"/#+!'&(#&'!& &' & %/"/!/;" %& "%(%" %& /#/!& !/*".

1B.3 C+('%" & %/#&!" %& 9/" (*('=( 3.7 ##, *"!& & 9/" &' ;(/( /&=(.E>!(& ( /&=(


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(">/#(' ( /#/!& !/*". C"' &!" +&", & 9/" 2+/&( &' +'( &/& %&&6#&'!" &' "#( %& (( (&%&%" %& 3.7 ( .? ## @18 ( 38 +6 &'"'6/!+%.

1B.4 R&+'/ ( "*/"'& %& 9/" %&#/6(


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1.1.3 R&"!& ( #+&!( *"#" &*(%( ( (/& / ( #+&!( +& &*(%( ( (/&('!& " %+('!& ( &((*/'.

1.1.4 L/#/!& 2+/%", /#/!& !/*", & '%/*& !/*" ( '+#&" &'!&" #*&*('", "#/!/&'%" ( %&/6'(*/' %& "*&'!(


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/ipo /riplicados $tae de pu$tos) (orce$tae de

pu$tos)

2-esultados

( pu$tos)

LL LP IP LL LP IP LL LP IP LL LP IP

R&+!(%" %& +' "" "&(%" @*"' &&!///%(% %& ("(!"/"

13 13 13 ?.8 70.B 3.7 0. 0.? 0.8 7 1 7

L 14 13 13 33.4 1. 13.B 0.3 0.4 0.? 1 1 1

L 17 11 11 7.4 73.4 4.1 0.? 0.3 0.B 7 1 7

R&+!(%" #+!/-("(!"/" &"%+*///%(% &'!& ("(!"/"

13 13 13 ?.8 70.B 3.7 1.3 7.0 7.? 4 B

L 14 13 13 33.4 1. 13.B 1.0 1.7 1. 3 3 ?

L 17 11 11 7.4 73.4 4.1 1.3 0. 1. 4 3 ?

TALA 3 R&+#&' %& R&+!(%" %& E'()" S/#& %& *(%( L("(!"/"

!uel

o/ipo

No"

#$sLa&orat

'alor promedio

(orce$tae de

pu$tos)

es*iaci+$

#st,$dar

(orce$tae depu$tos)

-a$go .cepta&le

de dos-esultados ( de

pu$tos)

LL LP IP LL LP IP LL LP IP

74 ?. 70.4 3.? 7.1 7. 3.1 B

L 74 33.3 1. 13.4 0.8 1.3 1.B 7 4 4

L 18 7.1 73.7 3. 1.3 1.7 1.8 4 3 ?

70.1.3 E' & ASTM R&&&'*& S"/ ('% !&!/'6 "6(#, #+*9" %& " ("(!"/"%&("("' "(#&'!& +' &'()" /#& &' *(%( !/" %& +&". E!( & +'((*!/*( *"#' &' ( /'%+!/( %& %/&F" ) *"'!+**/'. L( /'"#(*/' (( *(%(!/" %& +&" &' ( T(( 3 &!( ((%( "& " /#&" &+!(%" %& " &'()"!//*(%" %& ("(!"/" ) %& " &+!(%" %& " &'()" /#& %& "!"("(!"/". L" &+!( %" %& %" &'()" (%&*+(%(#&'!& *"'%+*/%" &


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CH A*/( #(6(, CH, %& 5'", LL X B0, IP X 3,

CL A*/( &(', CL, 8 %& 5'", LL X 33, IP X 13, 6/, & +&" 9( /%" &*(%" ((/& ) +;&/=(%". N"#& "*( A*/( %& A''("/

ML L/#", ML, [ %& 5'", LL X7, IP X 4, *($ *(", & +&" 9( /%" &*(%" (

(/& ) +;&/=(%". N"#& "*( L/#" %& /*+6

70.7 "endencia N" 9() ;("& %& &&&'*/( (*&!(& (( &!" #$!"%" %&&'(-)" " " !('!", ( !&'%&'*/( '" +&%& & %&!&#/'(%(.

71. PALARAS CLAE

71.1 (*!/;/%(%, /#/!& %& A!!&&6 /#/!& /2+/%" '%/*& !/*" /#/!& !/*".

ANE\O

A.1 MEDIDOR DE RESILENCIA

A1.1 U' %/"/!/;" (( #&%/ ( &/&'*/( %& ( (& %& &2+/" (( /#/!& /2+/%"& #"!(%" &' ( /6. A 1.1. E %/"/!/;" *"'/!& &' +' !+" %& !/*" (*/*"*(" ) !(', +'( &&( %& (*&" %& %/#&!" ?1B +6, ) +'( &2+&F( ((#(6'$!/*(. E *//'%" +&%& & *&'!(%" &' ( !(( " 9/(%" *"#" & #+&!(.L( (( #(6'$-!/*( &2+&F( & "!&'/%( &' & 9+&*" %& ( !(( ) ( "( %& (*&"& 5

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