Artigo - Tese

6
!"# % &'() *+,-,.+') /,)0+12+,) % 3415 67 89: ";7< ! # $%&'&()* )%+&,*- .$/-*01 2&$*$'&,)* 34567875789: 565;<=8= >? ;<@AB 6>C:= 86 6:DE C8==:D78>6 =A:D8@:6=F .>GAB>;>H8D =74C< ! IJK8> C: )L486> ,5A:;;8 & 1 M87>G %8K:8G> N5:= && 1 .5G856H:;5 .5G86B:8G> .5DB5C> &&& 1 ,5@8;5 *>B@566 .:6:O:= &&& 1 N5K;> %>CG8H> )6CG5C: C5 08;95 &&& 1 0B:8;5 )A5G:D8C5 ,>:;B> 08L4:8G5 &M 1 M:6P6D8> )956D868 I:GG:8G5 );9:= M 1 *:56CG> *4>6H> .57>= M& 1 ,;54C8> %>K:G7> ,:G6:5 M&& =>?@ !""#$%%&'(&)*()+,%-.(-/0.%1.-.2345/.2.-5..6......- 7 89: 9<#=+"><?" )@ A<=& =?& B<CD 1E+,<+F: 1C!))G )@ 8<&*C*?<: H?*I<+J*&=&< &< 1K) L=EG) MH1LN: 1=) L=EG)31L: O+=P*G(Q?=GFJ*J )@ &="=: >=?EJC+*#" R+*"*?,: &<J*,? =?& JE#<+I*J< =GG #!=J<J )@ "!< J"E&F( 77 89: 9<#=+"><?" )@ L="!)G),F: 1C!))G )@ 8<&*C*?<: H1L: 1=) L=EG)31L: O+=P*G(Q?=GFJ*J )@ &="=: !*J")#="!)G),*C=G <'=>*?="*)?J: &<J*,? =?& JE#<+I*J< =GG #!=J<J )@ "!< J"E&F( 777 S+=&E="< J"E&<?": 1C!))G )@ 8<&*C*?<: H1L: 1=) L=EG)31L: O+=P*G(QCTE*J*"*)? )@ &="=( 7U L!9: 9<#=+"><?" )@ L="!)G),F: 1C!))G )@ 8<&*C*?<: H1L: 1=) L=EG)31L: O+=P*G( 9<J*,? =?& JE#<+I*J< =GG #!=J<J )@ "!< J"E&F( U L!9: V!=*+>=?: WEGG L+)@<JJ)+: 9<#=+"><?" )@ L="!)G),F: 1C!))G )@ 8<&*C*?<: H1L: 1=) L=EG)31L: O+=P*G( 9<J*,? =?& JE#<+I*J< =GG #!=J<J )@ "!< J"E&F( U7 L!9: QJJ*J"=?" L+)@<JJ)+: 9<#=+"><?" )@ A<=& =?& B<CD 1E+,<+F: 1C!))G )@ 8<&*C*?<: H1L MX78 24N =?& 7?J"*"E") &) VY?C<+ &) ZJ"=&) &< 1K) L=EG) M7VZ1LN: O+=P*G( Q?=GFJ*J )@ &="=: >=?EJC+*#" R+*"*?,: C+*"*C=G +<I*J*)?: &<J*,? =?& JE#<+I*J< =GG #!=J<J )@ "!< J"E&F( U77 L!9:QJJ)C*="< L+)@<JJ)+: A<=& 9*I*J*)?: 9<#=+"><?" )@ A<=& =?& B<CD 1E+,<+F: 1C!))G )@ 8<&*C*?<: H1L: 1=) L=EG)31L: O+=P*G( V+*"*C=G +<I*J*)?: &<J*,? =?& JE#<+I*J< =GG #!=J<J )@ "!< J"E&F( )20+%),+ NQ%N$0-R 7R TXDQWLI\ WKH DPRXQW RI O\PSK QRGHV KDUYHVWHG LQ PRGL¿HG UDGLFDO QHFN GLVVHFWLRQ .-+S$/0R V+)JJ3J<C"*)?=G =?=")>*C=G J"E&F C)?&EC"<& *? 24 ?)?3#+<J<+I<& C=&=I<+J( %-0Q*+0R 7KH PHDQ QXPEHU RI O\PSK QRGHV IRXQG LQ HDFK QRGDO OHYHO RI WKH PRGL¿HG UDGLFDO QHFN GLVVHFWLRQV SHUIRUPHG ZHUH G<I<G 7Q [ -(/ M0/\ V7$ -(- [ -(4N: G<I<G 7O [ 2(/ M0/\ V7$ 2(- [ 2(0N: G<I<G 77Q [ 6(2 M0/\ V7$ 5(. [ 4(/N: 77O G<I<G [ 5(/ M0/\ V7$ /(/ [ 6(]N: G<I<G 777 [ 5(5 M0/\ V7$ /(6 [ 6(]N: G<I<G 7U [ 4(5 M0/\ V7$ 6(- [ -.(-N: G<I<G U [ -- M0/\ V7$ 0(2 [ -2(6N: ")"=G*P*?, ]^(4 GF>#! ?)&<J M0/\ V7$ ].(^ [ ]6(]N( ,$(,*Q0&$(R 7KH UHVXOWV GH¿QHG D SDUDPHWHU LQ UHODWLRQ WR WKH PLQLPXP UHFRPPHQGHG QRGDO \LHOG LQ D PRGL¿HG UDGLFDO QHFN &*JJ<C"*)?: =J R<GG =J "!< ?E>_<+ )@ GF>#! ?)&<J *? <=C! G<I<G )@ "!*J &*JJ<C"*)?: #<+@)+><& *? CG*?*C=G #+=C"*C<( T:< U>GC=$ XF>#! B)&< Z'C*J*)?( B<CD 9*JJ<C"*)?( A<=& =?& B<CD B<)#G=J>J(Q?=")>F( V=&=I<+(

Transcript of Artigo - Tese

Page 1: Artigo - Tese

!"#$%$&'()$*+,-,.+')$/,)0+12+,)$%$3415$67$89:$";7<

!"#"$%&'&()*")%+&,*-"

.$/-*01"2&$*$'&,)*

34567875789:"565;<=8=">?";<@AB"6>C:="86"6:DE"C8==:D78>6"=A:D8@:6=F".>GAB>;>H8D"=74C<!

IJK8>"C:")L486>",5A:;;8&1"M87>G"%8K:8G>"N5:=&&1".5G856H:;5".5G86B:8G>".5DB5C>&&&1",5@8;5"*>B@566".:6:O:=&&&1"N5K;>"%>CG8H>"

)6CG5C:"C5"08;95&&&1"0B:8;5")A5G:D8C5",>:;B>"08L4:8G5&M1"M:6P6D8>")956D868"I:GG:8G5");9:=M1"*:56CG>"*4>6H>".57>=M&1",;54C8>"

%>K:G7>",:G6:5M&&

=>?@$!""#$%%&'(&)*()+,%-.(-/0.%1.-.2345/.2.-5..6......-

789:;9<#=+"><?";)@;A<=&;=?&;B<CD;1E+,<+F:;1C!))G;)@;8<&*C*?<:;H?*I<+J*&=&<;&<;1K);L=EG);MH1LN:;1=);L=EG)31L:;O+=P*G(;Q?=GFJ*J;)@;&="=:;>=?EJC+*#";R+*"*?,:;&<J*,?;=?&;JE#<+I*J<;=GG;#!=J<J;)@;"!<;J"E&F(7789:;9<#=+"><?";)@;L="!)G),F:;1C!))G;)@;8<&*C*?<:;H1L:;1=);L=EG)31L:;O+=P*G(;Q?=GFJ*J;)@;&="=:;!*J")#="!)G),*C=G;<'=>*?="*)?J:;&<J*,?;=?&;JE#<+I*J<;=GG;#!=J<J;)@;"!<;J"E&F(777S+=&E="<;J"E&<?":;1C!))G;)@;8<&*C*?<:;H1L:;1=);L=EG)31L:;O+=P*G(;QCTE*J*"*)?;)@;&="=(7UL!9:;9<#=+"><?";)@;L="!)G),F:;1C!))G;)@;8<&*C*?<:;H1L:;1=);L=EG)31L:;O+=P*G(;9<J*,?;=?&;JE#<+I*J<;=GG;#!=J<J;)@;"!<;J"E&F(UL!9:;V!=*+>=?:;WEGG;L+)@<JJ)+:;9<#=+"><?";)@;L="!)G),F:;1C!))G;)@;8<&*C*?<:;H1L:;1=);L=EG)31L:;O+=P*G(;9<J*,?;=?&;JE#<+I*J<;=GG;#!=J<J;)@;"!<;J"E&F(U7L!9:;QJJ*J"=?";L+)@<JJ)+:;9<#=+"><?";)@;A<=&;=?&;B<CD;1E+,<+F:;1C!))G;)@;8<&*C*?<:;H1L;MX78;24N;=?&;7?J"*"E");&);VY?C<+;&);ZJ"=&);&<;1K);L=EG);M7VZ1LN:;O+=P*G(;Q?=GFJ*J;)@;&="=:;>=?EJC+*#";R+*"*?,:;C+*"*C=G;+<I*J*)?:;&<J*,?;=?&;JE#<+I*J<;=GG;#!=J<J;)@;"!<;J"E&F(U77L!9:;QJJ)C*="<;L+)@<JJ)+:;A<=&;9*I*J*)?:;9<#=+"><?";)@;A<=&;=?&;B<CD;1E+,<+F:;1C!))G;)@;8<&*C*?<:;H1L:;1=);L=EG)31L:;O+=P*G(;V+*"*C=G;+<I*J*)?:;&<J*,?;=?&;JE#<+I*J<;=GG;#!=J<J;)@;"!<;J"E&F(

)20+%),+

NQ%N$0-R

.-+S$/0R;V+)JJ3J<C"*)?=G;=?=")>*C=G;J"E&F;C)?&EC"<&;*?;24;?)?3#+<J<+I<&;C=&=I<+J(%-0Q*+0R

G<I<G;7Q;[;-(/;M0/\;V7$;-(-;[;-(4N:;G<I<G;7O;[;2(/;M0/\;V7$;2(-;[;2(0N:;G<I<G;77Q;[;6(2;M0/\;V7$;5(.;[;4(/N:;77O;G<I<G;[;5(/;M0/\;V7$;/(/;[;6(]N:;G<I<G;777;[;5(5;M0/\;V7$;/(6;[;6(]N:;G<I<G;7U;[;4(5;M0/\;V7$;6(-;[;-.(-N:;G<I<G;U;[;--;M0/\;V7$;0(2;[;-2(6N:;")"=G*P*?,;]^(4;GF>#!;?)&<J;M0/\;V7$;].(^;[;]6(]N(;,$(,*Q0&$(R

&*JJ<C"*)?:;=J;R<GG;=J;"!<;?E>_<+;)@;GF>#!;?)&<J;*?;<=C!;G<I<G;)@;"!*J;&*JJ<C"*)?:;#<+@)+><&;*?;CG*?*C=G;#+=C"*C<(;T:<"U>GC=$;XF>#!;B)&<;Z'C*J*)?(;B<CD;9*JJ<C"*)?(;A<=&;=?&;B<CD;B<)#G=J>J(;Q?=")>F(;V=&=I<+(

Page 2: Artigo - Tese

!"#$%&%#%&'()#$#*+,&,)-.)*+/01)$-2(,)&$)$(34)2&,,(3%&-$),0(3&/($,5)6-701-*-8&3),%"2+

!"#$%&'()(*'"$%+($,'-.'($%/%01-2%34%567%894:%/%;8<

!"#$%&'(#)%"

!"#$%#&$%&"'(%'#&'")*%+#,"%-)"#.%/0."&.1#2%30)%)"-10&#2%*/)"#$%45%6".#*.#*1*%.0%256/+%&0$"*%789*:;%<='"/.%30)%.+"%/)"*"&'"%03%$1*.#&.%6".#*.#*"*>%.+"%60*.%#$,")*"%/)0-&0*.1'%3#'.0)%1&%+"#$%#&$% &"'(% *?@#60@*% '"22% '#)'1&06#% 7!9ABB:% 1*% )"-10&#2% &0$#2%1&,02,"6"&.C;%D)"#.6"&.%03%.+1*%$1*"#*"%)"?@1)"*%.+"%(&0E2"$-"%03%

#&#.061'#2% )"-10&*% #&$% #//)0/)1#."% *@)-1'#2% ."'+&1?@"*% 30)% .+"%#//)0#'+>%E+1'+%1*%'#22"$%&"'(%$1**"'.10&%79F:;

D+"% &@64")% 03% 89*% "=/"'."$% .0% 4"% )".)1","$% 1&% #%

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

03%#$P@,#&.%.+")#/5Q;D+1*%*.@$5%#16*%.0%?@#&.135%.+"%&@64")%03%256/+%&0$"*%

1&%#%*")1"*%03%&0&I/)"*"),"$%'#$#,")*>%#&$%.0%,")135%13%.+")"%1*%#&5%)"2#.10&%4".E""&%.+"%&@64")%03%256/+%&0$"*%#&$%$"60-)#/+1'%#&$%#&.+)0/06".)1'%$#.#%03%.+"%1&$1,1$@#2*;

*+#,%&-

'#$#,")*% E")"% .)"#."$% E1.+% .+"% +1-+"*.% )"*/"'.;% D+"% )"*"#)'+%

B0661..""*%7/)0.0'02%&@64")R%HCGSGTCH:;%B)0**I*"'.10&#2% #&#.061'#2% *.@$5%'0&$@'."$% 1&%GU%&0&I

/)"*"),"$%'#$#,")*;

=$>?-.%.,#'>$#'1@

O"#&%"*.16#.10&%60$"221&-%E#*%'+0*"&%30)%*#6/2"%*1N"%'#2'@2#.10&CT>%#&$%1.%E#*%4#*"$%0&%.+"%*.@$5%03%V-)#6#%.#%$-;H%.+#.%*@66#)1N"$%.+"%)"*@2.*%03%*1=%*.@$1"*>%.0.#21N1&-%JTQJ%,#21$%/#.1"&.*%#&$%"*.#421*+1&-%#*%E"1-+."$%6"#&%HJ;G%89*%1&%#%)#$1'#2%9F%#&$%E"1-+."$%*.#&$#)$%$",1#.10&%03%J;L%89*;%D+@*>%@*1&-%.+1*%*.@$5%#*%)"3")"&'"%#&$%#$0/.1&-%*.#&$#)$%$",1#.10&%03%Q%89*%#&$%6#=16@6%

2","2%03%T;TJ>%.+"%*#6/2"%*1N"%'#2'@2#."$%E#*%WJ%9F;%<*.16#.1&-%#%

'#$#,")*:%E#*%#**@6"$%.0%4"%.+"%-0#2;

!@$#1>'"%,#ABC

D+"%'#$#,")*%E")"%/2#'"$%1&%*@/1&"%/0*1.10&%E1.+%.+"%+"#$%1&%&"@.)#2%/0*1.10&%#&$%#)6*%/#)#22"2% .0% .+"%40$5;%V%*@4*'#/@2#)%'@*+10&%E#*%@*"$%30)%&"'(%"=."&*10&;%F"60-)#/+1'%7*"=>%#-"%#&$%)#'":%#&$%#&.+)0/06".)1'%7E"1-+.>%+"1-+.%#&$%40$5%6#**%1&$"=%I%XOY:%$#.#%E")"%)"'0)$"$;

<='2@*10&%')1.")1#%E")"R%/)",10@*%'"),1'#2%6#&1/@2#.10&>%.+"% /)"*"&'"% 03% +"#$% #&$% &"'(% &"0/2#*6% #&$% #&5% #&#.061'%#4&0)6#21.5%0&%.+"%&"'(;

V%E1$"%'"),1'0.+0)#'1'%1&'1*10&%E#*%/")30)6"$%0&%"#'+%

$""/% '"),1'#2% 256/+% &0$"*>% 1&% #% 2","2I45I2","2% 4#*1*>% #''0)$1&-%CC%7Z1-@)"%

C:;%V*% #% *6#22% '+#&-"% 1&% .+"% ."'+&1?@">% .+"% *.")&0'2"1$06#*.01$%6@*'2"%E#*%*"'.10&"$%1&%1.*%@//")%.+1)$%70&%.+"%P@&'.10&%2","2%E1.+%.+"% */1&#2% #''"**0)5%&"),":% .0%/)0,1$"% 3@22% #''"**% .0% .+"% P@-@2#)%

'"),1'#2%&0$#2%2","2*%#)"%*+0E&%1&%Z1-@)"%G;

.!/01234353&"'(%03%#%&0&I/)"*"),"$%'#$#,")[% 76:%8","%YV%7E1.+1&% .+"% .E0%#&.")10)%4"221"*%03%.+"%$1-#*.)1'%6@*'2"*:%#3.")%.+"%*/"'16"&%)"60,"$[%77:%8","2%YX%7E1.+1&%.+"%.E0%4"221"*%03%.+"%$1-#*.)1'%6@*'2"%#&$%.+"%6#&$142":%E1.+%.+"%*@46#&$14@2#)%-2#&$%#&$%256/+%&0$"*%)".)#'."$[%78:%8","2*%YY;%YYY%#&$%Y\%7P@-@2#)% '+#1&% 03% 256/+% &0$"*:% E1.+% .+"% */"'16"&% )"60,"$% #&$% .+"%*.")&0'2"1$06#*.01$% 6@*'2"% 302$"$[% 79:% 8","2% \% 7/0*.")10)% .)1#&-2":%*+0E1&-%.+"%*/1&#2%#''"**0)5%&"),";

Page 3: Artigo - Tese

!"#$%%&'()'!"#$%&

!"#$%$&'()$*+,-,.+')$/,)0+12+,)$%$3415$"6$789$:#6;

!"#$%&'(')'!"#$%&$'()*+&,-& +.)&/"'')*+",#&0*1&$#/&+.)&#,/$%& %)2)%'&,-&3,+.&#)*4&'"/)'&5)6,2)/&0+17

8.)& .$52)'+)/& +"''9)& ,-& )$*.& %)2)%& $#/& '93%)2)%:&

/"'')*+)/&;"+."#& +.)& %"6"+'& 5)*,66)#/)/& 3<& +.)&=,66"++))& -,5&

>,*")+<&0?@A>1BC:&;$'&/)%"2)5)/&+,&+.)&($+.,%,D"'+&$#/&/"'')*+)/&

6$#9$%%<7&E$%($3%)&FA'&;)5)&(%$*)/& "#& *$'')++)'& $#/& ')($5$+)%<&

(5)')52)/&"#&BGH&-,56$%"#&3)-,5)&($+.,%,D"*$%&)I$6"#$+",#7&8.)&

,6& ."'+,%,D"*$%& ')*+",#'&$#/&'+$"#)/&;"+.&.)6$+,I<%"#&$#/&),'"#&-,5&-95+.)5&)2$%9$+",#&,-&

6"*5,'*,("*&FA'7

J"*5,'*,("*& $#$%<'"'& ;)5)& $**)'')/& 3<& +.)& '$6)&

FA'7&8,&3)&*,#'"/)5)/&$&FA:&6"*5,'*,("*$%%<&+.)&'+59*+95)&'.,9%/&

3)&/)'*5"3)/&$'&$#&)#*$('9%$+)/&%<6(.,"/&+"''9)&$DD5)D$+)&;"+.&$&

6$5D"#$%&'"#9'C:BB7

<()(+0(+')1$)=)1>0+0

8.)& 2$%9)'& ,-& +.)& K9$%"+$+"2)& 2$5"$3%)'& ;)5)& /)'*5"3)/&

9'"#D& $3',%9+)& $#/& 5)%$+"2)& -5)K9)#*")'7& 8.)& /"'+5"39+",#& ,-& +.)&

$**,5/"#D& +,& L,%6,D,5,2M>6"5#,2& +)'+7& 8.)')& 2$5"$3%)'& ;)5)&

/)'*5"3)/& 3<& 6)$#& $#/& '+$#/$5/& /)2"$+",#& $#/& $%',& 3<& 5$#D):&

N."+#)<& +)'+&;$'& ()5-,56)/& -,5& +.)& *,6($5"',#& ,-& K9$#+"+$+"2)&

/$+$&3)+;))#&D5,9('7&=,55)%$+",#&3)+;))#&K9$#+"+$+"2)&2$5"$3%)'&

;$'& ()5-,56)/& 9'"#D& >()$56$#O'& *,55)%$+",#& +)'+7&?%%& '+$+"'+"*$%&

$#$%<'"'& ;)5)& ()5-,56)/& 9'"#D& >E>>-& 2)5'",#& BP7G& ',-+;$5)&

0>E>>-

%./012/

8.)&'$6(%)&*,#'"'+)/&,-&CQ&*$/$2)5'& 0RS&'()*"6)#'&,-&

T"D.+))#&0SU7VH1&;)5)&6$%)&$#/& +.)&6)$#&$D)&;$'&SP7U&W&BG7V&

BC&?-5,M/)'*)#/$#+'& 0UC7XH1& $#/&,#)&?'"$#& 0V7SH1:&;"+.&6)$#&

;)"D.+&,-&RX7S&W&BV7V&4D:&6)$#&.)"D.+&,-&BSU&W&X7B&*6&$#/&6)$#&

3,/<&6$''&"#/)I&0YJZ1&,-&CC7G&W&V7X&4D[6C7

8.)&$#$%<'"'&,-& +.)&#,/$%&<")%/& "#& +.)& 5"D.+& '"/)&,-& +.)&

#)*4&'.,;)/&$&6)$#&#963)5&,-&UU7U&FA'&05$#D)\&CS&]&XX&FA'1&

$#/&%)2)%&^&.$/&+.)&."D.)'+&6)$#&,-&FA'&0BB7X&FA'1&*,6($5)/&+,&

+.)&,+.)5&#,/$%&%)2)%'&08$3%)&B17

3*+4&'5')'_)'*5"(+"2)&,-&+.)&5"D.+&'"/)&,-&+.)&#)*47

A`CQ J)$# J)/"$# =Z&0XRH1 >_J"#"M

696

J$I"M

696

Z? B7R B B7G&]&B7X B7C G U

ZY_ C7R C C7G&]&V7B B7R B Q

ZZ?_ Q S R7P&M&BG7C R7Q B CU

ZZY_ S7V R7R U7P&]&Q7G U7C G BR

ZZZ_ P7B P S7G&]&Q7C C7X C BC

Z^_ P7G P R7B&]&Q7X U7X G CV

^_ BB7X BG X7B&]&BU7Q P7U B VU

8,+$%&_ UU7U UG VQ7C&]&RG7S BS CS XX

a#&+.)&%)-+&'"/):&+.)&6)$#&#963)5&,-&5)+5")2)/&FA'&;$'&

UV7V&05$#D)\&BX&]&SU&FA'1:&;"+.&%)2)%&Z^&$#/&̂ &'.,;"#D&+.)&."D.)'+&

6)$#&FA'&0BG7C&$#/&BG&FA'&5)'()*+"2)%<1&"#&*,6($5"',#&+,&,+.)5&

%)2)%'&08$3%)&C17

Page 4: Artigo - Tese

!"#$%&%#%&'()#$#*+,&,)-.)*+/01)$-2(,)&$)$(34)2&,,(3%&-$),0(3&/($,5)6-701-*-8&3),%"2+

!"#$%&'()(*'"$%+($,'-.'($%/%01-2%34%567%894:%/%;34

!"#$%&'&(!"#$%&'()'*#!+,!)-#!.#,)!$'/#!+,!)-#!0#%12

3456 7#80 7#/'80 9:!;<=>? @"7'0'A

BCB

78D'A

BCB

:E F2= F F2G!H!F2< F25 G I

:JK 52= 5 52G!H!L2G F2I G M

::EK M2= N =2I!H!N2M 526 G FL

::JK M2M M2= =2I!H!N2N L F F5

:::K M2G M I2N!H!N2L L2I F FM

:OK FG25 <2= N2<!H!F52= =2< 5 5N

OK FG2G <2= N2<!H!F52F =2= G 5=

P+)8.!K IL2L IF L<2IH!IN25 FG2F F< MI

Q-#0!R+)-!$'/#$!+,!)-#!0#%1!S#&#!808.TU#/!)+V#)-#&W!)-#!

;&80V#!F<!H!<<!X3$?W!S')-!)-#!-'V-#$)!B#80!+,!X3$!'0!.#*#.!O!;FF!

X3$?W!%+B(8&#/!)+!)-#!+)-#&!.#*#.$!;P8R.#!L?2

!"#$%&)&(!"#$%&'()'*#!+,!R+)-!$'/#$!+,!)-#!0#%12

34=M 7#80 7#/'80 9:!;<=>? @"7'0'A

BCB

78D'A

BCB

:E F2= F F2F!H!F26 F25 G I

:J 52= 5 52F!H!52< F2I G 6

::E N25 M M2G!H!62= I2M G 5I

::J M2= M =2=!H!N2I L2M G F=

::: M2M N =2N!H!N2I L25 F FM

:O 62M 6 N2F!H!FG2F =2M G 5N

O FF <2= <25!H!F52N M2= G LI

P+)8.! IL26 IG2= IG2LH!IN2I FL25 F< <<

P-#!%+B(8&8)'*#!808.T$'$!+,!R+)-!$'/#$!+,!)-#!0#%1!;P8R.#!

$'/#!;N2G!Y!I2<!X3$!'0!&'V-)!$'/#!<,2!FG25!Y!=2<!X3$!'0!.#,)!$'/#W!Z4G2G5M!H!7800AQ-')0#T[$!)#$)?2

!"#$%&*&(!9+B(8&'$+0!+,!)-#!0CBR#&!+,!.TB(-!0+/#$!&#%+*#&#/!'0!#8%-!.#*#.!'0!R+)-!$'/#$!+,!)-#!0#%12!

3456 X#,)!$'/# (\

:J 52=!Y!F2= 52=!Y!F2I G265=

::E 62G!Y!=26 M2=!Y!526 G2<6N

::J M2L!Y!I25 M2M!Y!L2G G2I<I

::: N2F!Y!52< M2G!Y!L2I G2FI5

:O N2G!Y!I2< FG25!Y!=2< G2G5M

O FF2<!Y!N2I FG2G!Y!=2= G2I==

P+)8. II2I!Y!FM2G IL2L!Y!FG2F G2=MG

7#80!Y!$)80/8&/!/#*'8)'+0!;\7800AQ-')0#T]$!)#$)?

P-#!808.T$'$!+,!)-#!0+/8.!T'#./!'0!&#.8)'+0!)+!/#B+V&8(-'%!

/',,#&#0%#$2!X#,)!$'/#!.#*#.!:O!-8/!8!-'V-#&!B#80!0CBR#&!+,!X3$!'0!

B8.#$!%+B(8&#/!)+!,#B8.#$!;&#$(#%)'*#.TW!FF2<!<,2!N25!X3$^!Z4G2GIG!A!7800!AQ-')0#T!)#$)?W!80/!-8*#!$-+S0!(+$')'*#!%+&&#.8)'+0!S')-!

$'/#!.#*#.!O!0CBR#&!+,!X3$!-8/!(+$')'*#!%+&&#.8)'+0!S')-!S#'V-)!

;&4_G2IFNW! Z4G2G5N! A! @(#8&B80[$! %+&&#.8)'+0! )#$)?! 80/! J7:!

;&4_G2I=MW!Z4G2GF=!A!@(#8&B80[$!%+&&#.8)'+0!)#$)?!+,!)-#!$CR`#%)2!

P-#! )+)8.! 0CBR#&! +,! X3$! 8)! &'V-)! $'/#! 3"$! $-+S#/! (+$')'*#!

%+&&#.8)'+0!S')-!8V#!;&4_G2IMIW!Z4G2GFL!A!@(#8&B80[$!%+&&#.8)'+0!

)#$)?2!P-#&#!S#&#!0+!/',,#&#0%#$!'0!&#.8)'+0!)+!0CBR#&!+,!X3$!80/!

)-#!&8%#!+,!'0/'*'/C8.$2!9+0$'/#&'0V!R+)-!0#%1!$'/#$W!.#*#.!O!S8$!

(+$')'*#.T!%+&&#.8)#/!S')-!S#'V-)!;&4_G25N6W!Z4G2GL6!A!@(#8&B80[$!

%+&&#.8)'+0! )#$)?! 80/!J7:! ;&4_G2LFNW! Z4G2G5F! A! %+&&#.8)'+0! )#$)!

@(#8&B80[$?!+,!)-#!'0/'*'/C8.$!80/!)-#!)+)8.!0CBR#&!+,!X3$!'0!)-#!

$(#%'B#0!S8$! 0#V8)'*#! %+&&#.8)#/!S')-! 8V#! ;&4AG2L=6W! Z4GWGGNA!

@(#8&B80[$! %+&&#.8)'+0! )#$)?W! B#80'0V! )-8)! )-#! 0CBR#&! +,! X3$!

/#%&#8$#$!S')-! )-#! '0%&#8$'0V!+,!8V#2!a)-#&!8$$+%'8)'+0$!/'/!0+)!

+,-./--,01&

$')C8)'+0$W!S')-!$#DW!-#'V-)W!8V#W!S#'V-)!80/!R+/T!B8$$!'0/#D!+,!

)-#! '0/'*'/C8.2!P-#&#! 8&#!B80T! $)C/'#$! 8%%#$$'0V! )-'$! '$$C#W! RC)!

S-'%-!8&#!0+)!,&#bC#0)!'0!)-#!.')#&8)C&#W!-8*#!$-+S0!.+S#&!0+/8.!

'0)#&*8.!+,! )-#!B#80!0CBR#&!+,! )-#!X3$!S8$!%8.%C.8)#/!'0!+&/#&!

$'B'.8&!8((&+8%-!-8$!R##0!(CR.'$-#/!T#)2

(&#$#0)! $#&'#$!S8$! IL26! ;<=>!9:c! IG2L! A! IN2I! X3$?2!EV&8B8! .#%$-2LW!'0!8!&#*'#S!+,!)-#!.')#&8)C&#W!808.TU'0V!=556!0#%1!/'$$#%)'+0$W!

'0!%.'0'%8.!$)C/'#$!$-+S#/!8!B#80!+,!LF!)+!=N!X3$MW<WFLAFN2

a0.T! )S+! $)C/'#$! (CR.'$-#/! +0! %8/8*#&! B+/#.! S#&#!

,+C0/! '0! )-#! .')#&8)C&#2! d&'#/B80! .#% $-2MW! '0! 80! #,,+&)! )+! (&+*'/#!&#,#&#0%#!,+&!$C&V#+0$!80/!(8)-+.+V'$)$!&#V8&/'0V!#D(#%)#/!T'#./!

,&+B!$#.#%)'*#!3"W!,+C0/!)-#!&80V#!+,!M!)+!II!'0!)-#!0CBR#&!+,!

.#%$-2F6W!8$!8!/! 8! &80V#!+,!6! )+!

Page 5: Artigo - Tese

!"#$%%&'()'!"#$%&

!"#$%$&'()$*+,-,.+')$/,)0+12+,)$%$3415$"6$789$#:6;

!"#$%&#'()*&%+*,*%-*,.",/*(%+)#$%0%&/011%&0/-1*%02(%+)#$"'#%#$*%&'3()4)&)"2%".%1*4*1&%5%02(%55%657%02(%5!8%557%02(%55!8%,*&-*9#)4*1:;%

02(%<*9=%>',?*,:%02(%@29"1"?:%#$*%77@A%B<>CCDE"/-0,*(% #"% #$*&*% -,*4)"'&% &#'()*&% )2% 90(04*,&8% +*%

."'2(%0%$)?$*,%/*02%2'/3*,%".%F<&% ,*#,)*4*(% .,"/%*09$%2"(01%1*4*18%0&%+*11%0&%)2%#$*%+$"1*%&-*9)/*2%".%#$*%<G8%+)#$%1*4*1%H%

+0&%01&"%$)?$*,%#$02%#$"&*%."'2(%)2%/"&#%&#'()*&%+)#$%90&')&#)9&%".%-0#)*2#&%'2(*,?")2?%<G%0&%-0,#%".%#$*%#,*0#/*2#%".%B<>EE8%*I9*-#%.",% #$*%(0#0% .,"/%J"$1*,% 02(%J"+01&=)CK% 02(%F)0"%2($ )15CL8%+$"%."'2(%0%$)?$*,%/*02%2'/3*,D%71#$"'?$%9"2&)(*,)2?%#$*%-"&&)3)1)#:%".%$:-*,#,"-$:%02(% ,*/"(*1)2?%".%9*,4)901%F<&8% )2('9*(%3:% #$*%-0#$"1"?)901%&#0#*%,*10#*(%#"%#$*%-,*&*29*%".%#$*%-,)/0,:%#'/",L8CM8%'&*(% 3:% #$*% 0'#$",&% ".% #$*% 90(04*,% &#'()*&% #"% N'&#).:% #$*% 1"+*,%

".%0%2'/3*,%".%F<&%9"/-0,031*%#"%#$"&*%&$"+2%)2%91)2)901%&#'()*&DO$*% ,*&'1#&% 02(% #$*),% ,*10#)"2&$)-% #"% (*/"?,0-$)9%

2'/3*,% ".%F<&% )2% 1*4*1% 5H8% )2% #$*% 1*.#% &)(*%<G&8%+0&% $)?$*,% )2%/01*&%6/*02%".%CCDP%<05%QDR%F<&%.",%.*/01*&;%02(%$0(%0%-"&)#)4*%

02(%020#"/)901%40,)0#)"2&%".% #$*%"/"$:")(%/'&91*CP8RS8%+$)9$% )&%9"2&)(*,*(%#$*%'--*,%1)/)#%".%1*4*1%5H8%+$)1*%#$*%9104)91*%)&%)#&%1"+*,%1)/)#D%799",()2?1:8% 0&% #$*%/*0&',*% ".% #$*% ()&#029*% 3*#+**2% #$)&%

0/"'2#%".%F<&%,*9"4*,*(%0#%#$)&%1*4*1CPD%B"+*4*,8%&#'()*&%(),*9#*(%#"% #$)&% 020#"/)901% ,*?)"2CP8RC

/*0&',*&%".%#$*&*%()&#029*&%,*10#*(%#"%&*I8%0?*%02(%$*)?$#DO$*%2'/3*,%".%F<&%"2%1*4*1%H%$0(%-"&)#)4*%9",,*10#)"2%

-,*4)"'&%&#'(:%".%1:/-$%2"(*%9"2#*2#%)2%-0#)*2#&%'2(*,?")2?%<G%()0?2"&*(%+)#$%/*102"/0RRD

O$*%#"#01%2'/3*,%".%F<%+0&%2*?0#)4*1:%9",,*10#*(%+)#$%0?*8%+$)9$%+0&%01&"%(*&9,)3*(%3:%7/0#%2($)1DCQ%02(%<",1)2?%2($)1DCM8%+$"%0##,)3'#*(%#$)&%,*10#)"2&$)-%#"%#$*%20#',01%(*9,*0&*%)2%)//'2*%,*&-"2&*%02(%1:/-$%2"(*%,*09#)4)#:%+)#$%0?)2?D

T)4*2% #$*% )/-",#029*% ".% <G% )2% 91)2)901% 02(% &',?)901%-,09#)9*% ".% #$*% #,*0#/*2#% ".%B<>EE8% 02(% #$*%+)(*% 40,)0#)"2% ".%(0#0%040)1031*%)2%#$*%1)#*,0#',*%,*?0,()2?%#$*%2"(01%:)*1(8%#$*%/0)2%9"2#,)3'#)"2%".%#$*%-,*&*2#%,*-",#%+0&%#"%9019'10#*8%+)#$%&#0#)&#)901%099',09:8%#$*%/*02%2'/3*,%".%F<&%)2%#$*%9*,4)901%2"(01%1*4*1&8%0&%

/*02)2?.'1%,*9"//*2(0#)"2%.",%0%/)2)/'/%2'/3*,%".%F<&%#"%3*%

*&#031)&$*(8%&'??*&#)2?%0%&)/-1*%02(%-,09#)901%U'01)#:%9"2#,"1%#""1D

!"#$%&'("#)

()&&*9#)"28%0&%+*11%0&%#$*%2'/3*,%".%1:/-$%2"(*&%)2%*09$%1*4*1%".%#$)&%()&&*9#)"28%-*,.",/*(%)2%91)2)901%-,09#)9*D%

*+,+-+#$+'

CD% V*72(*,&*2% WX8% J"+01&=)% FW8% W*11)##*,)% WJ8% E10:/02% TF8%

8% 8% D% E$02?)2?% 9"29*-#&% )2% #$*%&',?)901%/020?*/*2#%".% #$*%9*,4)901%2"(*%/*#0&#0&)&D%@,01%@29"1D%RSSYZYP6K;[\RPAYKD%W]5G[%CRQ\QPLLD

W]5G[%QSQQY\D

2*9=%()&&*9#)"2[%0,*%#$*:%'&*.'1%)2%"'#9"/*&%,*&*0,9$^%@#"10,:2?"1%B*0(%<*9=%>',?D%RSSCZCR\6\;[\YYAKD%W]5G[%CCRMYKSRD

\D% !$0##09$0,::0%<D%O$*%*..*9#&%".%/",*%9"2&*,40#)4*%2*9=%()&&*9#)"2&%02(%,0()"#$*,0-:%"2%2"(01%:)*1(&%.,"/%#$*%2*9=D%@#"10,:2?"1%B*0(%<*9=%>',?D%CPPMZCR\6\;[\CRALD%W]5G[%PKKPLMMD

W$0(=*% G]8% E01(0,*11)% G&*1*9#)4*% 2*9=% ()&&*9#)"2D% F0,:2?"&9"-*D% CPPPZCSP6Y;[YLMAQSD%W]5G[%CSSMPPKPD

".%2*9=%()&&*9#)"2[%0,*%&',?)901%4"1'/*&%)/-",#02#^%F0,:2?"&9"-*D%RSSPZCCP6L;[CC\QAKRD%W]5G[%CPRPLKSLD

B*0(%<*9=%W0#$"1D%RSSPZY6Y;[RYMA\KD%W]5G[%RSKPLPQMD

2*9=%()&&*9#)"2%&-*9)/*2&%"3#0)2*(%.,"/%*1*9#)4*%2*9=%()&&*9#)"2&D%F0,:2?"&9"-*D%CPPLZCSL6M;[PMQAPCD%W]5G[%MLPPPC\D

CSD% F+02?0% >J8% F*/*&$"+% >D% >0/-1*% &)_*% (*#*,/)20#)"2% )2% $*01#$%&#'()*&[%0%-,09#)901%/02'01D% 52[%@,?02)_0#)"2%`B8%*()#",D%T*2*40Z%CPPCD

>$0$0% 78% >"/% W8% "̀1.% TOZ% 7/*,)902% B*0(% 02(% <*9=% >"9)*#:Z%7/*,)902%790(*/:% ".% @#"10,:2?"1"?:AAB*0(% 02(% <*9=% >',?*,:D%

7/*,)902%B*0(%02(%<*9=%>"9)*#:%02(% #$*%7/*,)902%790(*/:%".%@#"10,:2?"1"?:AB*0(% 02(% <*9=% >',?*,:D%7,9$% @#"10,:2?"1% B*0(%<*9=%>',?D%RSSRZCRM6Q;[QKCAMD%W]5G[%CRCCQYRMD

78%>"/%W]8%G0:%O7Z%7/*,)902% B*0(% 02(% <*9=% >"9)*#:D% E"2&*2&'&% &#0#*/*2#% "2% #$*%

7,9$%@#"10,:2?"1%B*0(%<*9=%>',?D%RSSMZCY\6K;[KYLAMD%W]5G[%CM\PSKQQD

CPPSZCLS6\;[\SKAPD%W]5G[%RRRCR\\D

Page 6: Artigo - Tese

!"#$%&%#%&'()#$#*+,&,)-.)*+/01)$-2(,)&$)$(34)2&,,(3%&-$),0(3&/($,5)6-701-*-8&3),%"2+

!"#$%&'()(*'"$%+($,'-.'($%/%01-2%34%567%894:%/%;33

!"#$% &'()$#(&% *)"*+,#$)% #!% -./% #"#0.)"1,2% ),3% .10#0.)"1,24%5/)3%6/*74%899:;8<=>?@89AB<:>4%CDEF@%<>GH><94

8G4% I#.J/"% 5KL% I#M)J&7+% NC4% 5#M% $),1% ,#3/&% )"/% ,//3/3% -#%&-)O/% )% ,/*7P% Q% *"+-+*)J% )00")+&)J4% R("% Q"*.% S-#".+,#J)"1,O#J4%<:8:;<TA=G?@AHGB984%CDEF@%899:UGUA4

8T4% N+)#%VWL%5&(/.%VL%N//%NXL%N+,%VXL%K),%I5L%Y),O%5DL%5(),O%ZKL%V./,% E5L% L%6O%Z5L%W&)#%VIL%5(),O%XVL%X/,%WV4%6/*7%

M+-.% #")J% *)[+-1% *),*/"% ),3% 0)-.#J#O+*)J% ,#3/%$/-)&-)&/&% -"/)-/3%M+-.% )3\([),-% -./")014% S")J% S,*#J4% <:8<;UH=U?@><9B>T4% CDEF@%<<8:U<U94

#!% J1$0.%,#3/&% +,% /J/*-+[/%,/*7%3+&&/*-+#,% !#"% -#,O(/%),3%$#(-.%

<<U99>TT4

V4% 6#3)J% 1+/J3% +,% &/J/*-+[/% ,/*7% 3+&&/*-+#,4% Q*-)% S-#J)"1,O#J4%<:8>;8>>=9?@9TGBA84%CDEF@%<>9UU9UH4

894% D+]/,%IFL%D+-*./JJ%FQ4%Q,)-#$+*)J%[)"+)^+J+-1%#!%#$#.1#+3%),3%

<::G;U>=U?@<HGBH4%CDEF@%8G99><H:4

Q4%Q%&-(31%#!%),)-#$+*)J%[)"+)^+J+-1%#!%-./%#$#.1#+3%$(&*J/%),3%+-&%*J+,+*)J%"/J/[),*/4%VJ+,+*&4%<::H;T>=U?@G<8BU4%CDEF@%8HA89ATG4

QDL% 8L% N/+-/% QI8L% Z+J[/+")% Q8L% Z+$_/&% V8L%`"),3a#% Nb8L% D)-#&% NN<L% 4% `+#$/-"+*% $/)&("/$/,-&%+,[#J[+,O%-./%-/"$+,)J%0#"-+#,%#!%-./%-.#")*+*%3(*-%#,%J/!-%*/"[+*)J%J/[/J% Ec@% ),% ),)-#$+*% &-(314%Q,)-% Z*+% E,-4CDEF@%<T<A<T<H4

`#"O#O,#,+%NL%Z#J)"+%6L%C+)]])J(,O)%FL%D)&*./"#,+%NL%b+(3+*/%bL%D#*/JJ+,%ZL% L%V)")*d%VL% L%D)"#,/%eL%Z),-+,)$+%D4%6($^/"%#!%/2*+&/3%J1$0.%,#3/&%)&%)%'()J+-1%)&&("),*/%$/)&("/%

T4%CDEF@%<UH:UHGT4

!"##$%&"'($')$*Kf^+#%3/%Q'(+,#%V)0/JJ+Q[4%F"4%R,g)&%3/%V)"[)J.#%QO(+)"L%<GGhHi%),3)"L%&)J)%H8AU:GU:>B:::%%Za#%C)(J#%j%ZC%%`")&+JW/J4@%=GG%88?<TT8BTU<GK)2@%=GG%88?<TT8BAG:T!)^+#*)0/JJ+H8kO$)+J4*#$

K+,),*+)J%&#("*/@%,#,/

8

D/3+*+,/L%e,+[/"&+3)3/%3/%Za#%C)(J#%=eZC?L%`")]+J4