Amcorp Mall

1. Main commercial areas

2. Two office towers

3. Amcorp Mall Service Suites

MECHANICALAND

AIR-CONDITIONING

VENTILATION

• Ventilation is a process that replacing air in an enclosed space to control the temperature. “A proportion of air within the enclosed space should be continuously withdrawn and replaced by fresh air.” (Greeno, R.,1997, Building Services, technology and design)

CENTRALIZED SYSTEM

• Relatively small building/mall• requires lower service cost and easier for monitoring • cost lesser by 10% -20% compared to individual system • working hour 10am-10pm

FIGURE1.0.1 Control panel for chiller

FIGURE 1.0.2 Condenser pump

DIFFUSER

• The purpose is to discharge chilled/fresh air into space/room

• Ducting system• Different diffuser serve to direct air to different direction• Few type of diffuser were observed

FIGURE 1.0.3 Cone diffuser

FIGURE 1.0.4 Multi-Direction

FIGURE 1.0.5 Linear diffuser

FIGURE 1.0.6 Side-wall inlet

- Enclosed space staircase- No false ceiling

CARPARK VENTILATION SYSTEM

• Mechanical ventilation• Input and extraction of air by air vents and the ducting

system• Vehicles will emit harmful gases pollutant, carbon

monoxide, nitrous oxides, fumes from vehicle fluids, oil and other fuels.

• Cause fire outbreak

FIGURE 1.0.7 VentsFIGURE 1.0.8 Vents

SINGLE ZONE CONSTANT VOLUME• Simplest system • Most suitable (operation hours)• Has an AHU • Temperature kept constant by the thermostat setting on

the cooling load of AHU.

Fire protection system

Active fire protection method• Requires activation. Can be

manual or automatic activation.

• Examples: Fire alarms, detectors, wet & dry risers, hose reels, sprinkler system.

Passive fire protection method

• Integral component of the structural fire protection and fire safety in a building.

• Examples: Fire door, fire-resistant walls, floors.

ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION METHOD

Fire extinguisher

• To put out small scale of fire to prevent escalation into full scale fire.

• Amcorp Mall uses ABC dry powder fire extinguishers.

• 5 fire extinguishers are placed in every floor in the mall.

• Supplied by Fire Fighter Sdn Bhd.

Fire hydrant

• Consist of a system of pipe-work connected directly to the water supply mains.

• Amcorp Mall uses 2 way fire hydrant.• Distance between 2 hydrants is 70m.• Supplied by Steel Recon Industries (SRI) Sdn

Bhd.• Colour of body: Yellow. (Private system

hydrants connected to public water main.)

2 Way Fire Hydrant (Specification obtained from http://www.sri.com.my/hydrant3.html)

• Body material: Cast Iron to BS 1561• Outlet: Copper alloy BS 1982• Test pressure: 20 bar (300 psi)• Working pressure: 15 bar (217 psi)• Finishing: Yellow

Hose reel

• Intended for occupant to use during early stages of fire.

• Five hose reels are provided in each floor.• Supplied by Unique Fire Industry Sdn Bhd.• Made of PVC• Diameter: 25mm• Length: 30m

Fire sprinkler system

• Designed to detect, control, suppress fire.• Warn the occupants of the occurrence of fire.• Automatic fire suppression system.• Sprinkler head acts as fire detector and

discharge point of water.

Fire alarm

• Provide warning to people through vision and audio appliance when there is an outbreak of fire.

• Can be activated through smoke detectors.• Can also be activated from manual call point.• Each floor has five fire alarms installed.

Fireman’s switch

• Specialized switch disconnector.• Enclosure is made of non-flammable

materials.• Used to disconnect power from high voltage

devices.• Prevent the equipments from exploding.• Painted in red so can be spotted easily.

PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION METHOD

Fire Escape Staircase & Fire Door

• Fire escape staircase: Used for occupants of the building to escape from the building in the event of fire.

• Fire door: Used to reduce the spread of fire or smoke between compartments.

• The rating of Amcorp Mall’s fire door is 1 hour.

Fireman Lift

• Enable firemen to use in order to rescue people during an event of fire in building.

• Typically a normal passenger or service lift.• Has a toggle switch.• When switch is toggled, the lifts are removed

from normal service.• In fire service mode, the lift door will not

open/close unless the fireman holds the button.

VERTICAL

TRANSPORTATION

ESCALATOR

TWO-WAY TRAFFIC

PARALLEL

ELEVATOR

LIFT

MALL LIFT

FIRE LIFT

SERVICE LIFT

LIFT PERFORMANCE

BAD VENTILATION

FAST SPEED OF LIFT DOOR

CLOSINGCAPACITY

24 PERSONS

NO HAND-

RAILING

DISPLAY BUTTONS

INTERNAL VIEW

INDICATORCONTROL

PANEL

SOMETHING SPECIAL

LIFT ARRANGEMENT

2 CAR LIFT 3 CAR LIFT

LANDING DOORS

TWO SPEED CENTRE OPENING

SINGLE SPEED

CENTRE OPENING

Electrical System

Generated from the power plant

Travels through a distribution grid

Supplies electrical power to the building

Service Entrance

Supplies electrical power to the building

Grounding system current to flow into the

building

Fault protection and dissipating

induced voltages

Electrical Room Stores electrical

equipment

Power distribution equipment

Electrical safety sign

to alert of hazards.

Main Switch BoardService

protection device and

supply

Distributes the large incoming power supply

Providesprotection

Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCCB)

Automatically operated

electrical switch

Protect an electrical circuit

from damage

To detect fault condition and

interrupt

Cable management

Support insulated

electric cables

Cable Tray System

Problems of vertical transportation

• Escalatora) No brush detectorb) Malfunction of the escalator

• Lift

Abandoned Lifts

No CCTV system in the lift

No Handrail in it

No door sensor

Some certain floors cannot access

Recommendation to Escalator Install brush detector guard Install Infrared motion

Recommendations for Lift

• Improving good service of maintenance• Installing of handrail

Installing of CCTV

• Using laser optic transmitter and receiver• Associated with the observation DVR

utilizing cajole link• If the light go deem, the system still can

operate

Advantages

• Saves high installation costs, quick and easy installation, semi-permanent life span, real time transmission, high quality (DVD quality) video transmission and high reliability.

• Ensure security protection

Installing Thru-beam sensor

• These sensors can recognize objects free of shading, reflectivity and are not influenced by second surface reflections.

• When interrupting the light beam this will cause a change in the output status of the receiver. Through-beam sensors offer the longest sensing range of up to 100 meters.

• Provides quick snap-in installation and is very affordable

• Easily fit within a door frame or extruded metal railing.

• Secure detection for automatic door and gate systems, monitoring function in turnstiles and closing edge monitoring in elevators.

1.Number of openingsAmcorp mall does not seem to have sufficientnumber of openings.

2.Harmful pollutantSince the car park is not incorporated withsufficient ventilation, there is possibility thatharmful pollutant such as carbon monoxide,nitrous oxides, fumes from vehicle fluids, oiland other fuels exist in large scale.

4.2 Ventilation4.2.1 Problems of ventilation system

3. Growth of mould and mildewDestroy the general aesthetic of the building.

4.RustAffect plumbing or pipe work that may run through various rooms in the building. In theworst case, it may also cause venting straps tomalfunction.

5. Poor air flowPoor air flow is linked to respiratory diseasessuch as asthma, and can also facilitate thespread of diseases.

6. Unpleasant odourThe buildup of damp and humidity in abuilding create an unpleasant odor. Thisfragrance can be particularly difficult to get rid of,unless the air quality in the building is improved.

7. High expensesAll the problems above contribute to highexpenses to maintain the building at its finest.

ConclusionWhen you consider all of the negative healthimpacts and financial expenses associated withpoor ventilation, and then naturally, it is morecost-effective to ensure a building is wellventilated.

1. Replace conventional ventilation system with impulse ventilation.

• Impulse ventilation is a system intended for the ventilation of enclosed and basement car parks without the use of ducting within the body of the car park

4.2.2 Recommendation for ventilation system

1.Cost savings on building and mechanical equipments investment.

• Building height can be reduced due to the flexibility of the installation of the fans. Thus total air flow will decrease which help to reduce the power of the main exhaust and makeup air fans. Besides smaller mechanical fans, the gent set sizes will become smaller also.

Advantages of Impulse Ventilation

2. Energy saving.

• Depending on the pollution level, either more impulse fans are activated to increase air mixing thereby reducing the concentration of CO gases, or the airflow rate is increased to extract the polluted air more quickly. Lower airflow rates can also reduce the amount of attenuation needed, since the rate of extract overnight can be reduced when there is very little, if any, traffic movement.

3. Higher efficiency.

• Impulse ventilation incorporates a fully addressable fire detection system. This provides early detection of a fire and its location. Enabling the fire service to determine the most suitable route to approach the fire. Then, the impulse ventilation system will switch to smoke extract mode, thus increasing the rate of ventilation through the main extract fans and activating only the impulse fans necessary to control the flow of smoke.

4.Space and completion period. • The smaller sized main exhaust and make up

air fans allow the use of smaller fan rooms or eliminate the need altogether. With the elimination of ductworks, the duration of ventilation work will be reduced.