Sistemas Ternarios (Final Final)

7/26/2019 Sistemas Ternarios (Final Final)

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SISTEMAS TERNARIOS

GOMEZ MELNDEZ KARINA ALEJANDRA

GONZALEZ LOCARNO MARIA CLAUDIA

QUINTERO PARRA MARY GISELLE

TORREGROZA MATOS GLORIA RAQUEL

VASQUEZ JARABA BERNARDO JOS

VEGA GONZALEZ LORENA PATRICIA

TRABAJO TERMODINAMICA QUIMICA II

Ph.D. MARLEY VANEGAS CHAMORRO

UNIVERSIDAD DEL ATLANTICO

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA

PROGRAMA DE INGENIERIA QUIMICA

BARRANQUILLA

201

1


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TABLA DE CONTENIDO

1. INTRODUCCIN

2. OBJETIVOS

2.1. OBJETIVO GENERAL2.2. OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS

3. MARCO TERICO3.1. REGLA DE LAS FASES3.2. DIAGRAMA DE SISTEMAS TERNARIOS3.3. REGLA DE LA PALANCA

4. JUSTIFICACIN5. MATERIALES Y REACTIVOS

5.1. REACTIVOS5.2. MATERIALES

6. EXPERIMENTACIN6.1. ESTANDARIZACIN6.2. PRIMERA EXPERIENCIA6.3. SEGUNDA EXPERIENCIA

. ANALISIS Y RESULTADOS.1. ESTANDARIZACIN.2. PRIMERA EXPERIENCIA.3. SEGUNDA EXPERIENCIA

!. CONCLUSIONES". RECOMENDACIONES1#. ANEXOS

1. INTRODUCCI!N

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(8) 0* *+/-%88(:& *& %)* $(0%; 9% * )* -*(*-* * $) 0()$


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0* $) 8,*)/) 0* (&/*-?).

L% )*,%-%8(:& 0* &% *>8$% 0* $(0) *0(%&/* *$ /-%/%(*&/ 8& &

0()$


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8,&*&/* 0*&/- 0* $% ()%. U&% 0* $%)


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E$ ) 0* )$


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E)/0(%- *$ 8,-/%(*&/ 0* & )()/*% 0* /-*) 8,&*&/*) 9 $%) -*$%8(&*)

0* )$($(0%0 0* &% *>8$% /*-&%-(% ,%-% %) 8&)/-(- *$ 0(%=-%% 0* %)*) 0*$

)()/*% %=% 0*)/($%0%7'8(0 %8?/(87/$*&.

2.2. OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS" A&%$(>%- *$ ,-8*) 0* *+/-%88(:& $(07$(0 % *)8%$% 0* $%-%/-(." D*/*-(&%- *$ )()/*% 0* &% )$% %)* $(0% * -%& *)/) /-*)

8,&*&/*) 8%&0 $$*=%& %$ *($(-(." C&)/-(- $% 8-8$%) =?&*%) $((0%); $% 8%$ 8&)()/* *& )*,%-%- &%

))/%&8(%


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(&()8($* (&()8($* % $% ))/%&8(% ))/%&8(%) % )*,%-%-1. L% *+/-%88(:&

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*) *$ 8%( 0*

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RTLnK=G H3.

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$%-(0%0*); ,- /%&/; /*&*)

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E& $) )()/*%) /*-&%-() *) ,)($* )*-


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E&/&8*) /*&*) * ,%-% & )()/*% /*-0(&%(8 $% 8%&/(0%0 0*


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8&)/%&/*) 0)


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%$/-% h )*% (=%$ % 1; ,- $ * $%) $&=(/0*)Mb, Ma, Mc )& (=%$*) % $%)

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O/-% -% 0* $**- *)/* 0(%=-%% *) % ,%-/(- 0* $%) $&*%); $%) 8%$*) $%) ,0*)

0*&(&%- $&*%) 0* ,-,-8(&%$(0%0. C%0% &% 0* *$$%) *) *& -*%$(0%0 &

0(%=-%% (&%-( * -*,%-/* *&/-* 0) 8,&*&/*) $% ,-,-8(:& * -*)/% /-%)

%/-((- %$ /*-8*- 8,&*&/* & ,-8*&/%* ( 9 0*/*-(&%0.

P%-% /*&*- &% $&*% * -*,-*)*&/* & ,-8*&/%* 0*/*-(&%0 0* & 0* $)

8,&*&/*) 8&)(0*-%0) HA; B C; )* /-%>% &% ,%-%$*$% *& *$ $%0 ,*)/ %$


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Figura ). Com$osicin de la mezcla de '&C.

R*,-*)*&/%&0 *)/%) $&*%) *& & )$ 0(%=-%% 0* /-('&=$ *($'/*-;/*&*) $% (=-% 6.

Figura *. Diagrama triangular que re$resenta mezclas ternarias.

A0*'); % ,%-/(- 0*$ =-'(8 )* ,*0* (&*-(- * )* /(*&* &% *>8$% 0* /-*)

8,&*&/*) 9 * *$ ,&/ * -*,-*)*&/% 0(8% *>8$% *)/' 8,*)/ ,-

16

E)/%) $&*%) (&8$(&%0%); (&0(8%& *& %9 ,-*)*&8(% 0*$ 8,*)/ A

*& $% *>8$% 9 ,- /%&/ )$ *) &%*>8$% 0* B\C.


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4# 0*$ 8,&*&/* A H$&*% $ 9 3#5 0*$

8,&*&/* C H$&*% &%-%&%.

T%(?& ,0*) )*-8$% $* 8--*),&0*& &% 0)

%)*); $) 0(%=-%%) /-(%&=$%-*) $(07$(0 ,-*)*&/%& $% 0*&(&%0% 8-8$% -*,-*)*&/%0% ,- & ,&/ )(/%0

,- *&8(% 0* $% 8-


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E& & )()/*% 0* 0) %)*); ) 0(%=-%% & )$%*&/* (&0(8% 8%$(/%/(


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A-% (*& ; ,%-% & )()/*% 0* $((0) /*-&%-() ,0*) (=%$*&/* /($(>%- $%

-*=$% 0* $%) %)*) *& )()/*%) (%)(8); /*&(*&0 *& 8*&/% * *)/% *) %

0* $%) %)*) (--*$*


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$. JUSTIFICACI!N

C ,-:+() (&=*&(*-) (8); *) &*8*)%-( ,)**- *)/) 8&8((*&/)

/*-0(&'(8) ,%-% /*&*-$) 8 ) *& &*)/- %(*&/* $%-%$; 9 %)

%,$(8%-$) *& (&&%(*&/

,%-% (,$**&/%- &*


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. MATERIALES Y REACTIVOS

.1 R%&'()*+,

(0-:+(0 0* S0( HN%O^#;!!M 8(0 A8?/(8 G$%8(%$ HC24O2 T$*& HC65C3 F*&$/%$*&% HC2#14O4

A=% 0*)/($%0% H2O F/%$%/ '8(0 0* ,/%)( P HC!5O4

.2 M&(%-)&%,

4 B-*/%) 0*1##$ 4 -*/%) 0* 5#$ 4 A&($$) */'$(8) 4 ,(&>%) ,%-% -*/% 4 ),-/*) &(


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/. EPERIMENTACI!N

/.1. PRIMERA EPERIENCIA

I&(8(%$*&/*; )* /%-& $) )(=(*&/*) ,-8*&/%*)


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Figura 4. 5ezcla de lquidos inmisiles agua y tolueno

Figura 16. 0itulacin con "cido ac/tico glacial $ara la mezcla ternaria.

/.2. ESTANDARIZACI!N

23


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S* ,*)%-& 8%/- *)/-%) 0* %,-+(%0%*&/* #;1 =-%) 0* F/%$%/ '8(0 0*

P/%)( *& *%_*-) 0* 5#$ 8%0% &. S* %=-*=: 2#$ % 8%0% & 0* *$$); )*

0()$8$%); ,- )*,%-%0; )* ,%)%-& % & *0 0*

)*,%-%8(:&; *& *$ 8%$ )* %=(/:; 9 )* $(*-: $% ,-*)(:& 8%)(&%$*&/*; $*=; )*

0*: *& -*,) ,%-% * %) )* )*,%-%-%& $%) 0) %)*).

P)/*-(- % *)/; )* ,*): & E-$*&*9*-


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Figura 11. 0itulacin con :a;9 de la ase acuosa.


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2;4## 1;6## !;5## 12;5##2;6## 1;4## ;6## 11;6##2;!## 1;2## ;3## 11;3##3;### 1;### 6;!## 1#;!##3;2## #;!## 6;5## 1#;5##

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Figura 11. 5ezcla antes y des$u/s de agregar "cido ac/tico.

D*(0 % * *$ */(


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8,&*&/* % $% /*,*-%/-% %(*&/* 8& * )* -*%$(>: $% *+,*-(*&8(%; $)

0%/) *&8&/-%0) )* *)/-% % 8&/(&%8(:&

0ala ). Densidades de cada com$onente a #6


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mAc=(1,0493"

mL )(11,5mL)

mAc=12,067"

T*&(*&0 *& 8*&/% $) 8'$8$) %&/*-(-*); )* -*%$(>% *$ () ,-8*0((*&/

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*+,*-(*&/%$*&/*. E& $% /%$% 6 )* -*$%8(&%& 0(8) 8'$8$); %0*') 0* $%

%)% //%$ * *) $% )% 0* $%) %)%) 0* 8%0% 8,&*&/*.

0ala *. 7ramos iniciales de cada com$onente a $artir de la densidad.

TOLUENO 46 AGUA 46 =CIDO ACTICO GLACIAL 46 MASA TOTAL 46

#;13 3;!4 12;#6 16;#24#;34 3;5!5 11;542 15;44#;52# 3;3!5 11;43 15;343#;6"4 3;1!6 11;332 15;212#;!6 2;"! 11;123 14;"1;#4# 2;!! 1#;#3 14;5311;214 2;5!" 1#;4"3 14;2"51;3! 2;3"# 1#;2!3 14;#6#1;56# 2;1"1 1#;4"3 14;2441;34 1;""1 ";"6! 13;6"41;"# 1;"2 ";#24 12;232;#!1 1;5"3 !;"1" 12;5"32;254 1;3"4 ;"5 11;6232;42 1;1"5 ;66# 11;2!22;6#1 #;""6 ;135 1#;322;4 #;" 6;!2# 1#;3"12;"4 #;5" 6;2"6 ";!413;121 #;3"! 4;4# ;"26

D* $% ()% %&*-% * *& $% /%$% 5 )* 0*/*-(&%-& $%) %)%) 0* $)

8,&*&/*) 8& %90% 0* $% 0*&)(0%0 % $% /*,*-%/-% *+,*-(*&/%$; %)(()8& %90% 0* $% /%$% 6 9 *$ ,*) $*8$%- 0* $) 8,&*&/*) )/-%0) *& $%

/%$% ; )* 0*/*-(&% $) $*) 0* 8%0% &.

0ala +. Pesos moleculares $ara cada com$onente.

28


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COMPONENTE PESO MOLECULAR 495+6T$*& "2;13"A=% 1!;#15

8(0 %8?/(8 6#;#52

A ,%-/(- 0*

ni=mi

PMi H5

P%-% *$ /$*&

nT= 0,173 "

92,139" /mo l

nT=0,00188mol

P%-% *$ %=% 0*)/($%0%

n#= 3,784 "

18,015 "/mol

n#=0,210mol

P%-% *$ '8(0 %8?/(8 =$%8(%$

nAc= 12,067 "

60,052" /mol

nAc=0,201mol

E& %)* % $) 8'$8$) %&/*-(-*); )* -*%$(>% *$ () ,-8*0((*&/ ,%-% 8%0%

8,&*&/* *& $%) 0(*-*&/*) *>8$%) * )* -*%$(>%-& *+,*-(*&/%$*&/*. E& $%

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/%$% ! )* -*$%8(&%& 0(8) 8'$8$); %0*') 0* $%) $*) //%$*) * *) $% )%

0* $%) $*) 0* 8%0% 8,&*&/*.

0ala . 5oles de cada com$onente a $artir del $eso molecular.

TOLUENO

45+6

AGUA 45+6 =CIDO ACTICO GLACIAL

45+%,6

MOLES TOTALES

#;##1!! #;21# #;2#1 #;413#;##36 #;1"" #;1"2 #;3"5#;##565 #;1!! #;1"# #;3!4#;##53 #;1 #;1!" #;33#;##"41 #;166 #;1!5 #;36##;#113 #;155 #;1! #;344#;#132 #;144 #;15 #;332#;#151 #;133 #;11 #;31"

#;#16" #;122 #;15 #;313#;#1!! #;111 #;166 #;2"5#;#2# #;#""5 #;15# #;2##;#226 #;#!!4 #;14" #;26##;#245 #;#4 #;133 #;235#;#263 #;#663 #;12! #;22##;#2!2 #;#553 #;11" #;2#2#;#3#1 #;#442 #;114 #;1!!#;#32# #;#332 #;1#5 #;1##;#33" #;#221 #;#34 #;12"

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%$$%) $% -%88(:& $%- % ,%-/(- 0*

x i=

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P%-% /$*&

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xT=0,00188mol

0,413mol

xT=0,00456

P%-% %=% 0*)/($%0%

x#=0,210mol

0,413mol

x#=0,509

P%-% '8(0 %8?/(8 =$%8(%$

xAc=0,201mol

0,413mol

xAc=0,487

S* -*,(/* *$ () ,-8*0((*&/ ,%-% 8%0% 8,&*&/* *& $%) 0(*-*&/*)

*>8$%) * )* -*%$(>%-& *+,*-(*&/%$*&/*. E& $% /%$% " )* -*$%8(&%& 0(8)

8'$8$); %0*') 0* $%) $*) //%$*) * *) $% )% 0* $%) $*) 0* 8%0%

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0ala 4. Fracciones molares de cada com$onente.

TOLUENO AGUA =CIDO ACETICO GLACIAL FRACCI!N MOLAR

TOTAL#;##456 #;5#" #;4! 1;####;##"53 #;5#4 #;4! 1;####;#14 #;4!" #;4"6 1;###

#;#2#2 #;44 #;5#6 1;####;#261 #;46# #;514 1;####;#32! #;45# #;51! 1;####;#3" #;433 #;52 1;####;#42 #;416 #;53 1;####;#541 #;3!! #;55! 1;####;#63 #;34 #;562 1;####;#65 #;36! #;556 1;###

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#;#!# #;341 #;52 1;####;1#4 #;33# #;566 1;####;12# #;3#1 #;5" 1;####;14# #;23 #;5! 1;####;16# #;235 #;6#4 1;###

#;1!! #;1"5 #;61 1;####;262 #;11 #;56 1;###

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C )* ,*0* )*-8$% /*-&%-(%; ,%-% $% *)/-% N`1 )* -*%$(>%-& $)

8'$8$) )/-%0) % 8&/(&%8(:&

M$a%&$a%=mol'( KP

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1000m"

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M$a%0.75mL= 147.1m"KP

204.223m"KP

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M$a%=0.72mmolKP)

1mmol$a%

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0.75mL

M$a%=0.96M

D* %&*-% %&'$=%; )* -*%$(>%-& $) 8'$8$) ,%-% $%) 0*') *)/-%)

M$a%&$a%=mol'( KP

M$a%0.65mL=0.1144 " )

1000m"

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204.223( m" KP

mmol KP)

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M$a%0.65mL= 114.4m"KP

204.223m"KP

mmolKP

M$a%=0.56mmolKP)1mmol $a%

mmol KP

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M$a%=0.86M

M$a%&$a%=mol'( KP

M$a%0.75mL=0.1400")1000m"

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M$a%=0.68mmolKP)

1mmol $a%

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M$a%0.65mL=0.1062" )

1000m"

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mmol KP)

34


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M$a%0.65mL= 106.2m"KP

204.223m"KP

mmolKP

M$a%=0.52mmolKP) 1mmol$a%

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0.2323")7mL

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0ala 1#. =esultados $ara la construccin de las lneas de re$arto.

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Sistemas Ternarios (Final Final)

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