MatterBy Charlotte Ashe

What is Matter?Matter is everything in the Universe that takes up space and has mass! An atom is the simplest part of matter. It cant be split apart by any normal chemical or physical processes, Only by nuclear reaction. A proton is About 0.00000000001 mm or 1/25,ooo,ooo,ooo,ooo inches in a diameter! Quarks, Neutrons and Electrons are what make up an atom, and the Nucleus is in the middle! So the Nucleus is the central core of an atom , Inside the Nucleus is a Charge that has no charge at all! A Neutron. Another inside the Nucleus charge is a positive charge, Protons! Whizzing around the Nucleus is a cloud of negatively charged electrons. What About You? A human hair is about 1 million atoms wide! You have 100,000 hairs on your head. So that makes… You do the math!

Quarks?There are different types of quarks, Up Down Top Bottom Charm Strange

These are the 6 quarks. Up and Down quarks make up Protons and Neutrons, Top, Bottom, charm and strange quarks are believed to have decayed within a fraction of a second after the big bang, although, they can be artificially by scientists.

3 States of Matter(There is 4 but I don’t know plasma)

LiquidMolecules in a liquid can move past each other, allowing the substance to flow. Liquids have a definite volume but no definite shape. And that is state No.1!

SolidThe molecules in a solid object are tightly packed together. Solids have a definite volume and a definite shape that is not easy to change. That’s state No.2!

GasMolecules in a gas are free to move around, filling all the space around them. Gases have no definite shape or volume.

L.A.S.E.R(What? It doesn’t stand for anything!)

“Laser” is short for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. A Laser passes light or electricity through a gas or a crystal to produce a concentrated jet of light powerful enough to cut through metal and precise enough to preform surgery.

Periodic table(What has that got to do with matter?)

Ever Looked at a periodic table? Wonder what the numbers mean? Color coded squares? What? They like color I guess? Well, the bottom number means the total number of Protons and Neutrons in the Nucleus of each atom! And the top one means how many protons are in the atoms Nucleus. The proper names are, Top: Atomic number. Bottom: Mass Number. The symbols like for Nickel its Ni or Iron its Fe is because in equations you will need to write fast and quick. Instead of: H-y-d-r-o- Oh no! C-e-r-i- Ah! And so on. Instead: H + Ce… and you get it done! Oh! The color! The color seprates it into 9 groups,

Alkali metals, Alkali-earth metals, Transition metals, Rare earths, Radioactive rare earths, Other metals, Semimetals, Non-metals, Noble gases and Hydrogen. (hydrogen is not in any group so it has its own! Lucky, lonely hydrogen.)

Questions?

Thank you!For listening respectfully, to my Teacher who taught me, And Everyone who helped me here.