Huella ambiental y huella de carbono: Herramientas …...Juan Antonio Polo Palomino. Socio en CO 2...
Transcript of Huella ambiental y huella de carbono: Herramientas …...Juan Antonio Polo Palomino. Socio en CO 2...
Juan Antonio Polo Palomino.Socio en CO2 Consulting
Co-chair PEF Pilot on Olive OilMadrid, 22 de noviembre de 2016
Huella ambiental y huella de
carbono: Herramientas para
comunicar la sostenibilidad de
un producto agroalimentario.
¿qué ha querido saber la sociedadsobre los alimentos que consume ?
2
80´s Seguridad90´s
Saludabilidad00´s
Funcionalidad
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Pero hoy…
• Medio ambiente 3er criterio de compra
• >75% dispuestos a pagar más por productos "eco-friendly” si estuvieran seguros
de que los productos son realmente respetuosos con el medio ambiente
Fuente: Flash Eurobarometer 367 - TNS Political & Social.
ATTITUDES OF EUROPEANS TOWARDS BUILDING THE SINGLE MARKET FOR GREEN PRODUCTS
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Las expectativas del consumidor ante la información medioambiental
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Fuente: Flash Eurobarometer 367 - TNS Political & Social. ATTITUDES OF EUROPEANS TOWARDS BUILDING THE SINGLE
MARKET FOR GREEN PRODUCTS
80% mercado
66%confían en etiquetado
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El momento decisivo
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HUELLA DE CARBONO HUELLA AMBIENTAL DECLARACIÓN AMBIENTAL
• Enfoque a ciclo de vida (ISO 14044)
• Eco-etiquetas tipo 3 (ISO 14025)
• Utilizan reglas de categoría de producto (homogeneidad)
Vehículos de comunicaciónHerramientas de comunicación y eco-etiquetado
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Cat
ego
ría
de
imp
acto
acid g SO2 eq
agot rec abio g Sb eq
ecotox fw g 1,4-DCB eq
ecotox h g 1,4-DCB eq
ecotox terr g 1,4-DCB eq
ecotox w g 1,4-DCB eq
eutrof g PO4 eq
GWP g CO2 eq
land use m2eq
odp g CFC-11
Oxfot g C2H4 eq
Pe
rfil
de
uso
de
re
curs
os
Recursos no renovables
Recursos energéticos no renovables MJ
Inputs no renovables Kg
Recursos renovables
Recursos energéticos renovables MJ
Inputs renovables Kg
Otros recursos
DECLARACIÓN AMBIENTAL
DE PRODUCTO(EPD)
HUELLA AMBIENTAL
HUELLA DE CARBONO
En términos conceptuales…
¿qué podemos ofrecer?
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Fuente: Net storage CO2 in mediterranean olive and peah
orchards. C. Xylosannis, A. Sofo et al, 2005. Elaborado por CO2 consulting
dos iniciativas fundamentales que no debendejar de seguir
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Product environmental footprints Pilots
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eussd/smgp/index.htm
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CO2 consulting S.L. All rights reserved.
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Product environmental footprints Pilots
14producers fromItaly, Greece, Portugal andSpain
5industry
associations
5public
research bodies
1 localgovernment
1 third party body verifier
Co-chairing by:
Paricipantes en el Piloto sobre Aceite de Oliva
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2cons
01/15
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Calendario del proyecto
06/14 Kick-off 2nd wave
First screening studies completed 2nd wave
Start of 1st physical consultations 2nd wave
Start of virtual consultations 2nd wave
07/15 Start of 2nd physical consultations 2nd wave
Start of supporting studies 2nd wave
01/16 Start of virtual consultations 2nd wave
03/16 Start of the review of final PEFCR
06/16 Final PEFCRs
03/15
09/14
09/15
Kick-off PEF PILOT OLIVE OIL AND 1ST TRAINING
Kick-off PEF PILOT ON face to face meeting
Scope Document approved by SC
screening study
draft PEFPCR
Working on supporting studies
PEFCR and Secreening t approved by SC
12/16
Test communication
vehiclesverification
2nd draft pefcr Product environmental footprint category rule for olive oil
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Third draft pefcr
La Regla de categoría de producto
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Establecerá:
- Cómo se calcula la huella ambiental
de un aceite de oliva
- Propondrá herramientas sencillas y
datos por defecto
- Qué se comunica al mercado y,
- Cómo se comunica
La tasa de almacenamiento neto
de CO2 en suelo estará incluida,
como información adicional.
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Guidance for climate change modelling v3.0
1
Guidance and requirements for climate change modelling in PEFCRs
Authors: An De Schryver (EC, DG ENV), Michele Galatola (EC, DG ENV), Erwin M. Schau
(EC, JRC), Lorenzo Benini (EC, JRC), Rana Pant (EC, JRC)
Version 3.0 – October 2016
The difference between v2.2 (February 2016) of this paper and v2.3 (October 2016) relates to the changed title
from 'biogenic carbon modelling' to 'climate change modelling', further clarifications on the choice of 300 years
time horizon, the definition of native forest, the elementary flows and characterisation factors to be used, and
how to model products derived from native forest. The final choice in modelling the sub-indicator 'biogenic' is
presented as the simplified approach.
Introduction The PEF guide (2013) provides rules for biogenic carbon modelling: "Credits associated with
temporary (carbon) storage or delayed emissions shall not be considered in the calculation of
the default EF impact categories. However, these may be included as additional
environmental information (p32). Moreover, the application of PAS 2050:2011 (BSI 2011,
p38) and supplemented by the PAS2050-1 (BSI 2012, p39), is recommended for modeling
emissions from land use change".
This paper gives additional guidance and requirements for biogenic carbon modelling when
developing a PEFCR. The following items will be addressed: (i) the introduction of three
climate change sub-indicators, (ii) the reporting of the sub-indicators and (iii) guidance for
modelling each sub-indicator.
The guidelines provided in this issue paper represent a simplified approach to be applied in
the final draft PEFCR to be submitted on 21 December 2016, and will be integrated in the
remodelling exercise of the representative product(s). In case the default requirements
included in this paper are not followed, the reasoning shall be clearly explained and justified
in the final PEFCR. Other assessments, such as carbon tracking or credits from biogenic
carbon storage, can be included in the PEFCR as 'additional environmental information'.
Climate change impact category The impact category 'climate change' covers three sub-indicators:
1) Climate change – fossil
2) Climate change – biogenic
3) Climate change – land use and land transformation
Guidance for climate change modelling v3.0
4
Sub-indicator 3: Climate change – land use and land transformation
This indicator accounts for carbon uptakes and emissions (CO2, CO and CH4) originating
from carbon stock changes caused by land use change and soil carbon uptake
(accumulation) and emissions through land management (land use). This indicator
includes deforestation, road construction or other soil activities. For native forests, all related
CO2 emissions are included and modelled under this indicator (e.g., connected soil emissions,
products derived from native forest7 and residues), while their CO2 uptake is excluded. For
non-native forests, all related emissions are included and modelled under sub-indicator 2.
Modelling requirements
The flows falling under this definition shall be modelled consistently with the most updated
ILCD list of elementary flows and using the flow names ending with '(land use change)'.
Biogenic carbon uptakes and emissions have to be inventoried separately for each elementary
flow.
All carbon emissions and removals arising from land use change shall be modelled following
the modelling guidelines of PAS 2050:2011 (BSI 2011) and the supplementary document
PAS2050-1:2012 (BSI 2012) for horticultural products8. Intermediate products (cradle to
gate) derived from native forest shall always report as meta-data (i) their carbon content and
(ii) that corresponding carbon emissions shall be modelled with '(land use change)' elementary
flows.
Soil carbon uptake (accumulation) via improved land management9 shall be excluded from
the footprint results, while soil carbon emissions shall be included (e.g., from rice fields). Soil
carbon emissions derived from residues, except for native forest residues, shall be modelled
under sub-indicator 2 (e.g., the application of non-native forest residues or straw on soil).
Whenever legislation has different modelling requirements for the sector this shall be taken
into account and reported separately as additional information. For example the EU
greenhouse gas accounting directive from 2013 (Decision 529/2013/EU) which indicate
carbon stock accounting.
Characterisation factors of methane, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide
Within the current PEF/OEF impact assessment method the global warming potentials of the
Third assessment report of IPCC (2007) are applied. The GWPs shall be updated using the
Fifth assessment report of IPCC (2013), including climate-change carbon feedbacks for both
CO2 and non-CO2 substances (following the UNEP/SETAC recommendations of the Pellston
Workshop, January 2016). The values with feedbacks are applied to ensure consistency, as
feedbacks are already included for CO2. The GWPs of well-mixed GHGs can be found in
chapter 8 of the Scientific basis report, Tables 8.7 and 8.SM.16. The GWPs for near term
GHGs are not recommended for use due to their complexity and high uncertainty. Near term
7 Following the instantaneous oxidation approach in IPCC 2013 (Chapter 2). 8 In the next version of the guidance document these guidelines will be copied and included for transparency reasons. 9Such as tilling techniques and other management actions taken in relation to agricultural land.
La visión del Consejo Oleícola Internacional
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¿qué papel le corresponde al
Consejo Oleícola?
¿cómo convertir este panorama en una
oportunidad estratégica para el
aceite de oliva?
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En marzo de 2012, crea un grupo de trabajo de expertos
La visión del Consejo OleícolaInternacional
o The inclusion of environmental information in consumer information
policies represents a great challenge due to the important economic
and legal consequences it may have
o The IOC should develop a consumer information strategy in parallel with
the development of the tools for the calculation of environmental
impacts
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App de balance de carbono en olivar
Acceso Carbon balance Resultados obtenidos
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Concluyendo
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① El ecoetiquetado en productos de alimentación es un factor de diferenciación
positiva exitoso y reconocido por el mercado
② Existen suficientes herramientas normalizadas que se ajustan a la
estrategia y a los recursos de cualquier operador del sector.
③ El valor medioambiental del ecosistemas como el olivar como fijador y
sumidero de CO2 ya puede comunicarse adicionalmente, según los estándares
internacionales, aunque el reto es lograr imponer el concepto de balance de
CO2 neto positivo y comunicarlo al consumidor. Y en ello estamos.
④ España debe liderar el mensaje de que a través de prácticas agronómicas
adecuadas, la agricultura puede formar parte de la solución ante el
cambio climático, ¡cambiemos el discurso! La gente del campo lo
agradecerá…
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21
Juan Antonio Polo [email protected]
www.co2co.es
CO2 consulting. Todos los derechos reservados
¡cambiemos el discurso! La gente
del campo lo agradecerá…