Guia 01 Microscopia

7/21/2019 Guia 01 Microscopia

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guia-01-microscopia 1/8

XFMPHW_MIKI OAA^HWKYMPK IH OADAEGMK

@KOXMDYKI IH OMHFOMK_ IH DK _KDXI

EHIMOMFK

JM_YADACMK

EI. BXKF OKWDA_ WAGK]A

CXMK F¾ ;2 EMOWA_OA^MK

^WMFOM^MA_ A^YMOA_, EKFHBA ] OXMIKIA_ IHD

EMOWA_OA^MA

AGBHYMPA_2

• _hûkdkr das oaepafhfths ehoëfmoas y ÿptmoas quh oafstmtuyhf hd emorasoapma.

• Whkdmzkr eaftkbhs jòehias.

• Oaepragkr dks prapmhikihs quh pashh hd emorasoapma.

Ekroa Yhÿrmoa

Dk mfvhfomÿf ih das kpkrktas ih ÿptmok, hd thdhsoapma y hd emorasoapma oaepuhsta, k `mfkdhs ihd smcda ZPM y prmfompmas ihdsmcda ZPMM, jkf oaftrmgumia k eaim`mokr dk oafohpomÿf quh hd jaegrh thfmk ihd eufia. Oaf hd prmehra sh oaehfzÿ k safihkrdks praùfimikihs ihd oaseas, y oaf hd shcufia hd eufia ih da mf`mfmtkehfth phquhûa.

Hf ;88: hd sumza OAFWKI CH_FHW pugdmoÿ uf trkgkba sagrh dk hstruoturk ih das àrkemfå`hras< su ihsormpomÿf,

kepdmkehfth ihtkddkik, sucmhrh hd hepdha ih uf mfstruehfta kepdm`mokiar oaepuhsta par dhfths ̀ mfks.

@WKFOM_ ] RKOJKWMK_ BKF__HF_, jadkfihshs, ekfu`koturkraf hd prmehr emorasoapma oaepuhsta hf ;8=>. Hsthemorasoapma pashåk uf kuehfta ih ;>Z y ?>Z y ̀ uh hepdhkia pkrk agshrvkr hstruoturks ih mfshotas.

CKDMDHA CKDMDHM (;809 ‟ ;097) H_OWMGMA YWKGKBA_ IH CWKF MEÂWYKFOMK HF Gmadacåk. Oafstruyÿ su prapmaemorasoapma kdrhihiar ih ;0;> y das utmdmzÿ prmfompkdehfth pkrk hstuimkr das krrhcdas ih dk `kohtks ih das abas oaepuhstasih das mfshotas.

KFYAF] PKF DHHXSHFJAHL (Jadkfiís, ;0?7 ‟ ;37?) ùh ufa ih das eës imstmfcumias emorasoapmstks2 sh jmza hxphrtahf pudmr dhfths y oafstrumr emorasoapmas, kdcufas oaf kuehftas ohrokfas k das ?>>Z. @uh hd prmehra hf ihsormgmr arckfmseasoaea gkothrmks (gkomdas, oaoas, hspmrmdas), pratazakrmas, ratå`hras h jmirks< ihsormgmÿ par prmehrk vhz hsphrektazamihs ihjuekfas, phrras, oafhbas, rkfks, phohs h mfshotas. Agshrvÿ kiheës dk omroudkomÿf ih dk skfcrh hf dk arhbk ihd oafhba y hfdks pktks ih dks rkfks.

Dks agshrvkomafhs ih PKF DHHXSHFJAHL ùhraf oaf`mrekiks par hd mfcdís WAGHWY JAALH (;0?8 ‟ ;3>?) qumhfpapudkrmzÿ hd emorasoapma hftrh das gmÿdacas oaftheparëfhas hf Mfcdkthrrk. Kiheës oafstruyÿ vkrmas emorasoapmasoaepuhstas. Kd agshrvkr uf oarth `mfa ih oaroja, shûkdÿ quh hstkgk oafàrekia par ufk hstruoturk pkrhomik k uf pkfkd ihkghbks y quh hstkgk oaepuhsta par ufmikihs phquhûks quh ihfaemfa oídudk. Kså JAALH ùh hd prmehra hf mftraiuomr hdvaokgda OHDXDK hf Gmadacåk< da quh hd agshrvÿ, odkra hstë, fa ùhraf oídudks smfa das hspkomas ihbkias par dk paromÿf vmvkih dk oídudk (duehf).

Hxmsthf imvhrsas emorasoapmas y tmpas ih mduemfkomÿf< hftrh das prmfompkdhs sh hfouhftrkf2 hd e morasoapma ih duz trkfsemtmik aoaegmfkia oaf mduemfkomÿf par trkfsemsmÿf y rh`dhxmÿf, oaf okepa asoura, oaftrksth ih `ksh< hd emorasoapma mfvhrtmia, hdemorasoapma oaf duz padkrmzkik, hd emorasoapma oaf duz udtrkvmadhtk.

Das kfthrmarhs trkgkbkf oaf duz àtÿfmok, emhftrks quh hd emorasoapma hdhotrÿfmoa tmhfh oaea ùhfth ih duz jkohs ihhdhotrafhs y hf vhz ih dhfths utmdmzk okepas hdhotraekcfítmoas.

^rmfompmas ÿptmoas

Yaik dhfth a smstheks ih dhfths quh, mfthrpuhsta hftrh uf agbhta prÿxmea y hd aba, phremth agshrvkr kquíd ih uf tkekûaekyar y oaf ihtkddh fa vmsmgdh k smepdh vmstk, sh dh oafsmihrk uf emorasoapma. Hd emorasoapma smepdh hstë àrekia par ufk

sadk dhfth gmoafvhxk a pdkfaoafvhxk, a par dk ufmÿf ih vkrmks quh kotòkf oaea òfmok. Hd emorasoapma oaepuhsta, par hdoaftrkrma, oafstk ih ias smstheks ih dhfths oafvhrchfths y dk mekchf ihd agbhta agshrvkia k trkvís ih íd hs PMWYXKD,MFPHWYMIK y EX] KE^DM@MOKIK.





EHIMOMFK

JM_YADACMK


@mcurk ;. Hsquhek ih dk ekrojk ih das rkyas duemfasas hf hd emorasoapma oaepuhsta kg5 agbhta k¹g¹5 mekchf mfthrehimkk―g―5 mekchf kuehftkik, vmrtukd h mfvhrtmik.

_h pairåk phfskr quh kd hepdhkr dhfths kimomafkdhs sh dacrkråk ekyarhs kuehftas, phra hf dk àrekomÿf ih dk mekchf fasada hs mepartkfth dk kepdmkomÿf sh rhqumhrh quh dk mekchf shk fåtmik, pkrk da oukd hs fhohskrma oaegmfkr das im`hrhfthspaihrhs ih emorasoapma quh saf2

k. âihr ih kuehfta.g. âihr ih rhsaduomÿf.o. âihr ih ih`mfmomÿf.i. âihr ih phfhtrkomÿf ih àoa k okepa.

ÂIHW IH KXEHFYA2 phremth ekcfm`mokr dk mekchf. Hf chfhrkd hd kuehfta (K) hstë ikia par dk rhdkomÿf2

K 5Ykekûa ih dk mekchf

Ykekûa ihd agbhta

Hf hd emorasoapma oaepuhsta dk kepdmkomÿf hs mcukd kd praiuota ihd kuehfta ihd agbhtmva par hd kuehfta aoudkr2

K tatkd 5 kagbhtmva Ó Kaoudkr

HD ÂIHW IH WH_ADXOMAF2 sh rh`mhrh k dk okpkomiki ih uf smsthek ÿptmoa ih prhshftkr ias puftas prÿxmeas imstmftas ashpkrkias. _h hsphom`mok par dk imstkfomk eåfmek hf quh sh dacrk rhsadvhr hsas ias puftas. (Hf hd jaegrh hd paihr ihrhsaduomÿf hs ih >.; ee k dk imstkfomk eåfmek ih vmsmÿf odkrk ih 78 oe.)

Hd paihr ih rhsaduomÿf ihphfih k su vhz ih dk dafcmtui ih afik (μ) y ih dk kphrturk fueírmok ihd agbhtmva (F.K). Hstk òdtmekrhdkomafk hd ëfcuda ih kphrturk ih das rkyas ih duz, quh pravmhfhf ih dk euhstrk, oaf åfimoh ih rh`rkoomÿf< (hf oksa ihdagbhtmva ih mfehrsmÿf sh oadaok, hftrh hd prhpkrkia y dk dhfth, kohmth ih mfehrsmÿf, quh tmhfh uf åfimoh ih rh`rkoomÿf mcukd kdih dk dhfth y hvmtk dk rh`rkoomÿf ih das rkyas duemfasas).

Hd paihr ih rhsaduomÿf hstë ikia par dk hxprhsmÿf2

âihr ih 7hsaduomÿf 5μ

7 Ó F K

âr da tkfta, sm sh tmhfh uf agbhtmva ih ;>>Z oaf ufk kphrturk fueírmok (FK) ih ;.?> y ufk dafcmtui ih afik praehima ih87> fe (fkfÿehtra5 ;>-=) hd paihr ih rhsaduomÿf shrë2

âihr ih rhsaduomÿf 587> fe

7 Ó F K5 7>> fe 5 >.7¸e (emorafhs)

HD ÂIHW IH IH@MFMOMA2 phremth ̀ arekr meëchfhs odkrks oaf oaftarfas ih`mfmias.

Oaf hd ÂIHW IH ̂ WA@XFIMIKI2 ih àoa hs pasmgdh agshrvkr vkrmas pkdfas oaf uf emsea hfàquh.

OXH_YMAFKWMA ^WHDKGAWKYAWMA

;. Whkdmoh ufk grhvh rhshûk jmstÿrmok ihd ihskrradda ihd emorasoapma7. Ihsormgk grhvhehfth dks prapmhikihs ih dks dhfths.?. ±[uí hs ufk mekchf, rhkd, ufk mekchf mfvhrtmik1

Ekthrmkdhs pkrk dk prëotmok

;. Gmadÿcmoas2 euhstrk ih kcuk ih omdkftra, skfcrh

7. Hqumpas2 emorasoapma

?. Whkotmvas2 kohmth ih mfehrsmÿf, xmdad.

9. Pmirmhråk2 dkemfks, dkemfmddks, pmphtks.

8. Atras2 gkyhtmddk, gdaol ih pkphd gdkfoa, pkphd ih krraz, pkphd kgsarghfth, dëpmohs fhcras, tmbhrks, pkphd

emdmehtrkia





EHIMOMFK

JM_YADACMK


^raohimemhfta

;. Mihftm`mokomÿf ih dks pkrths ihd emorasoapma y k su vhz kfÿtkdks hf dk `mcurk 7.

Hd emorasoapma oaepuhsta oafstk ih uf smsthek oaegmfkia ih dhfths2 AGBHYMPA y AODXDKW. Hd prmehra daokdmzkia jkomkdk pkrth ehimk ihd kpkrkta, praiuoh ufk mekchf kepdmkik ihd agbhta y hstk —mekchf mfthrehimk― hs okptkik y su`rh ufkfuhvk kepdmkomÿf par hd aoudkr, quh sh hfouhftrk hf hd hxtrhea suphrmar ihd YXGA A^YMOA.

Das agbhtmvas oarrmhfthehfth utmdmzkias saf2 ehfar kuehfta (;>Z), ekyar kuehfta (9>Z) y ih mfehrsmÿf (;>>Z). ^krkokegmkrdas sh cmrk hd WHPADPHW ÂWYKAGBHYMPA_. Hd aoudkr chfhrkdehfth utmdmzkia ih ;>Z.

Hd YXGA A^YMOA puhih shr rhota a mfodmfkia, tmhfh uf saparth a GWKRA, quh sh ufh k dk ^DKYMFK y k dk GK_H ihdemorasoapma. Dk pdktmfk hs ufk suphr`momh pdkfk quh ddhvk uf arm`moma ohftrkd sagrh dk oukd sh oadaok dk dëemfk quh sh subhtkoaf dks pmfzks a oaf hd okrra eÿvmd. Ihgkba ih dk pdktmfk sh hfouhftrk2 hd OAFIHF_KIAW y hd IMK@WKCEK , quh kyuikf krhcudkr dk mfthfsmiki y okftmiki ih duz rhsphotmvkehfth. Aoksmafkdehfth gkba hd imk`rkcek kpkrhoh hd kfmdda partk`mdtra.

Hd smsthek ih mduemfkomÿf puhih hstkr mfoarparkia kd emorasoapma a shr hxthrfa hf ouya oksa dk duz imùsk sh imrmch k dkprhpkrkomÿf oaf uf H_^HBA OMWOXDKW. Das rkyas duemfasas ktrkvmhskf kså hd oafihfskiar y dk prhpkrkomÿf pkrk`mfkdehfth pkskr par hd agbhtmva y hd aoudkr, quh hstëf imspuhstas hf hd emsea hbh ÿptmoa.

Kd dkia ihd tuga a hf dk gksh ihd emorasoapma sh hfouhftrkf ias tarfmddas oafoíftrmoas, hd EKOWAEHYWMOA ih kbusthcruhsa y hd EMOWAEHYWMOA, eës phquhûa ih eavmemhfta rëpmia y kbusth `mfa, quh koomafkf ufk orhekddhrk y kbustkf dkimstkfomk ih trkgkba, shcòf hd agbhtmva quh sh hepdhh, ehimkfth hd ihspdkzkemhfta ihd tuga ÿptmoa, a ih dk pdktmfk hfkdcufas eaihdas.

Dk imstkfomk ih trkgkba a IM_YKFOMK @WAFYKD ih uf agbhtmva, hs hd hspkoma quh hxmsth hftrh dk suphr`momh ih dk dhfth ihdagbhtmva y dk dkemfmddk, ufk vhz sh hfouhftrk hfàokik dk prhpkrkomÿf. K ekyar kuehfta ihd agbhtmva dk imstkfomk ih trkgkbaimsemfuyh. Das agbhtmvas hf fmfcòf eaehfta ihghf taokr dk prhpkrkomÿf yk quh sh puhih raephr dk dëemfk, ikûkr hdagbhtmva a hstraphkr hd emorasoapma.

@mcurk 7.Hsquhek ihd emorasoapma oaepuhsta.

7. Whkdmoh uf eaftkbh jòehia ih ufk dhtrk phquhûk y ksmeítrmok ih uf phrmÿimoa hf dk smcumhfth ̀ arek2

7.; _agrh ufk dëemfk partk-agbhta dmepmk, oadaquh ufk catk ih kcuk.7.7 Ihftra ih ufk catk ih kcuk pafck ufk dhtrk meprhsk.7.? Kohrquh ufk dkemfmddk, hf pasmomÿf agdmouk, y kpaykfia ufk krmstk sagrh dk dëemfk kd dkia ih dk catk, iíbhdk

okhr sukvhehfth sagrh dk catk.





EHIMOMFK

JM_YADACMK


Dk prhpkrkomÿf ihgh quhikr oaepdhtkehfth ougmhrtk y heghgmik hf hd dåqumia. Hvmth hxohsa ih kcuk (a oadarkfth hfprhpkrkomafhs oadarhkiks), hf das garihs ih dk dkemfmddk sagrh hstk, rhtmrh hd hxohsa oaf pkphd kgsarghfth.

Kfths ih oadaokr dk dëemfk sagrh dk pdktmfk `åbhsh quh hstí oaepdhtkehfth shok hf dk pkrth mf`hrmar. _m usthi vh quh dkprhpkrkomÿf sh hstë ihsjmirktkfia puhih kcrhckr kcuk hf àrek ih catk oaf ufk pmphtk kd dkia ih dk dkemfmddk.

?. K oaftmfukomÿf agsírvhdk kd emorasoapma.

^krk hd usa oarrhota ihd emsea hs mepartkfth y fhohskrma shcumr das pksas quh sh ihsormgh k oaftmfukomÿf2

?.; Mduemfkomÿf 2 prhfik hd emorasoapma a dk dëepkrk (shcòf hd oksa)2 oaf hd agbhtmva ih ehfar kuehfta (9Z)?.7 Hfàquh2 das emorasoapmas oaf dhfths pkrkàokdhs pashhf uf smsthek smforafmzkia ih hfàquh k im`hrhfths

kuehftas. Kså, ufk vhz hfàokik dk prhpkrkomÿf k ehfar kuehfta, quhik hfàokik kd utmdmzkr hd agbhtmva ihekyar kuehfta (pkrk kbusth ekyar, sh ihgh eavhr dmchrkehfth hd tarfmdda e moraeítrmoa).Imgubh sus agshrvkomafhs kfatkfia hd kuehfta.Mfmomh sus agshrvkomafhs oaf hd agbhtmva ih ehfar kuehfta, hd oukd dh grmfikrk ufk mekchf pkfarëemokkepdmk y oaf ekyar praùfimiki ih àoa. Duhca pksh k ekyar kuehfta y prhomsh dks hstruoturks. _mífthshhf pasmomÿf oarrhotk y oÿeaik pkrk agshrvkr y imgubkr. Das imgubas ihghf ih shr odkra y cukrikrpraparomafhs. Koastòegrhsh k agshrvkr OAF KEGA_ ABA_ KGMHWYA_, hsta dh hvmtkrë dk `ktmck aoudkr.

9. Whkdmoh uf eaftkbh jòehia ih jmda a thdk ihdckik ih oadar (dmfa a ikorÿf) vhr 7.8. Agshrvkomÿf kd emorasoapma. Phr ?. Oafsmcfhs sus agshrvkomafhs.

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EHIMOMFK

JM_YADACMK









0. Yaeh, oaf ufk pmphtk, ufk catk ih kcuk ih ̀ darhra a kcuk oaf omdkftra, oadÿquhdk sagrh ufk dëemfk, oògrkdk oafdk dkemfmddk y agsírvhdk kd emorasoapma. Phr ?. Oafsmcfh sus agshrvkomafhs.

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Hf`aquh oaf hd agbhtmva ih mfehrsmÿf

Oaf uf cathra oadaquh ufk catk euy phquhûk ih kohmth ih mfehrsmÿf sagrh dk dkemfmddk oaf uf hxthfimia ih skfcrhphrm`írmok thûmia oaf oadarkomÿf ih Srmcjt (sm dk prhpkrkomÿf hs uf hxthfimia `mbkia kd okdar, oadaquh dk catk ih kohmth ihmfehrsmÿf imrhotkehfth sagrh dk dëemfk) y praohik k kohrokr hd agbhtmva k dk prhpkrkomÿf hf ehfas ih ; ee, hf hsthagbhtmva sh rhqumhrh ekyar mfthfsmiki ih duz.

Oaf hd prhpkrkia kfthrmar rhkdmoh su agshrvkomÿf oaf kohmth ih mfehrsmÿf. Oafsmcfhs sus agshrvkomafhs.

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EHIMOMFK

JM_YADACMK


Ehimiks emorasoapmks2

Ërhk ih okepa vm sukd 2 ihthremfk dk rhdkomÿf hftrh hd okepa vmsukd y hd paihr ih rhsaduomÿf.

;. Oadaquh hd agbhtmva hf dk pasmomÿf kihoukik (prmehra 9x, duhca ;>x y par òdtmea 9>x).7. Yaeh pkphd emdmehtrkia y oarth ufk tmrk dk oukd oadaok sagrh hd partkagbhta shcumikehfth oadaquh ufk catk ih

kcuk sagrh hd pkphd emdmehtrkia y par òdtmea oadaquh dk dkemfk ougrh agbhta).?. Xgmquh dk prhpkrkomÿf sagrh dk pdktmfk.9. Agshrvh dk prhpkrkomÿf oaf hd emorasoapma.8. Ouhfth hd fòehra ih oukiras quh sh ugmok hf hd imëehtra ihd omrouda agshrvkia hf hd emorasoapma, pkrk

ihthremfkr hd rkima (emtki ihd imëehtra) ih dk omrouf`hrhfomk.0. Kjark oaf dk mfàrekomÿf jkddkik hf hd pufta kfthrmar ihthremfh hd ërhk ihd okepa vmsukd hf emdåehtras oukirkias

y duhca oafvmhrtk hstk ehimik hf emorÿehtras y fkfÿehtras oukirkias thfmhfia oaea gksh dk smcumhfthmfàrekomÿf2

; ee;>? emorÿehtras;>0 fkfÿehtras;>3 kfcstrae

; emorÿehtra;>? fkfÿehtras;>9 kfcstrae

ë 5 Ó

ώ5 ?.;9;0

W5 rkima

9x5 (?.;9;0=) x (QQQQQQ)5QQQQQQQ

;>x5 (?.;9;0=) x (QQQQQQ)5QQQQQQQ

9>x5 (?.;9;0=) x (QQQQQQ)5QQQQQQQ

Oukfia usthi utmdmzk das agbhtmvas ih ;>x y 9>x, vh quh dk ihthremfkomÿf ihd imëehtra sh jkoh im`åomd parquh sus abas fapuhihf imsormemfkr imstkfomks tkf phquhûks, da quh jkoh fhohskrma ehimr hd okepa vmsukd ih ;>x y 9>x, utmdmzkfia dkrhdkomÿf quh hxmsth hftrh das agbhtmvas ih uf emorasoapma. Hs ihomr, usthi agshrvk quh oukfia utmdmzkeas das agbhtmvas ihekyar kuehfta, imsemfuyh hd okepa ih agshrvkomÿf.

Dk mekchf agthfmik ihd emorasoapma ih duz

• Hf tu oksk meprmeh dk smcumhfth mfàrekomÿf ;hmetY, hf krmkd y k : puftas, pasthrmarehfth hf hd dkgarktarma eaftkhsth dhtrhra hf ufk dëemfk partkagbhtas, duhca oadaok ufk catk ih kcuk sagrh hd pkphd, y `mfkdehfth oadaok dkdkemfmddk, pkrk agshrvk hd prhpkrkia kd emorasoapma.

• Agshrvh hd dhtrhra hf chfhrkd y pasthrmarehfth agshrvh okik dhtrk, utmdmoh das agbhtmvas ih 9x y ;>x< imgubh daagshrvkia y ihsormgk da agshrvkia.

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EHIMOMFK

JM_YADACMK


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±_hcòf da agshrvkia hf dk prëotmok quh puhih oafodumr1

^WA@XFIMRKOMAF

;. Whkdmzk uf imkcrkek ih ̀ duba ih dk kotmvmiki k rhkdmzkr hf hd dkgarktarma7. Whkdmoh ufk grhvh ihsormpomÿf ih das smcumhfths smstheks ih agshrvkomÿf emorasoÿpmok2 emorasoapma ÿptmoa,

emorasoapma ih okepa asoura, emorasoapma ih oaftrksth ih `ksh, emorasoapma ih mfthr`hrhfomk, emorasoapma ih duzpadkrmzkik, emorasoapma ih ̀ duarhsohfomk.

?. Ihsormgk okik ufa ih das pksas ih dks tíofmoks jmstadÿcmoks pkrk ihskrraddkr uf emora prhpkrkia.

9. Ih`mfk das smcumhfths tíremfa2 `aoa, ekcfm`mokomÿf, fmtmihz,8. Hxpdmquh dk ̀ ufomÿf ihd kohmth ih mfehrsmÿf oukfia sh utmdmzk hd agbhtmva ih ;>> x0. ±Oÿea sh eaim`mok dk mekchf kd utmdmzkr hd emorasoapma ih duz1 Whkdmoh uf crë̀ moa hf hd quh sh hvmihfomh hd okegma

quh su`rh dk mekchf.

GMGDMACWK@MK

;. Yhxta cuåk pkrk rhsaduomÿf ih oaf`dmotas2 Ckrtfhr, D., Jmktt, B. (7>>:) Yhxta Ktdks ih

Jmstadacåk. Eíxmoa2 Eocrkw-Jmdd

7. Wass, E. y ^kwdmfk, S. (7>>3)Jmstadacåk Yhxta y ktdks oadar oaf gmadacåk Ohdudkr y

eadhoudkr. Guhfas Kmrhs2 Himtarmkd Eíimok ^kfkehrmokfk.

?. Shdsoj, X. (7>>:) Jmstadacåk ih _agattk. Guhfas Kmrhs2 Himtarmkd Eíimok ^kfkehrmokfk9. @kwohtt, I. (;==8) Yrktkia ih Jmstadacåk Gdaae. Ekirmi2 Eocrkw-Jmdd

8. Chfhshr, @., [vartrup, L., Yrkfue-Bhfshf, B., Ojrmsthfshf, H., Gruhd, K. (7>;9)Chfhshr

Jmstadacåk. Eíxmoa2 Himtarmkd Eíimok ^kfkehrmokfk.

0. Oum, I., Fk`thd, B., Ikdhy, S., Dyfoj, B., Jkmfhs, I., ]kfc, C., @rktlmf, B. (7>;;) Jmstadacåk oaf

oarrhdkomafhs `ufomafkdhs y odåfmoks. Hspkûk2 Dmppmfoatt Smddmkes & Smdlmf.












EHIMOMFK

JM_YADACMK


3. _hpudvhik, B, Ehimfk, W. (7>;;) Jmstadacåk Gmadacåk ohdudkr y tmsudkr mfstruotmva ih

dkgarktarma. Eíxmoa2 Eocrkw-Jmdd.

:. Ohimhd, B., Okrihfks, E., Ckoåk, K., Ojukmrh, D., ^kyëf, O., Pmddhcks, P., _ëfojhz, O. (7>>=)Ekfukd ih Jmstadacåk2 thbmias ùfikehftkdhs. Gacatë2 Himtarmkd Xfmvhrsmiki ihd Waskrma.

=. Okstkûhik, E. (7>>?) Jmstadacåk Chfhrkd2 thbmias ùfikehftkdhs. Cuåk ih Dkgarktarma.

Yufbk2 Himomafhs Xfmgaykok.

;>. Okstkûhik, R. (7>>?) Jstadacåk Hsphomkd2 Arckfacrk`åk. Cuåk ih Dkgarktarma. Yufbk2

Himomafhs Xfmgaykok.

;;. âmrmhr, B., Wmgkihku, B., Oktkdk, E., Kfirí, B., Cjhrkrim, W., Ghrfkuimf, B. (7>>>) Ekfukd ih

Jmstadacåk. Gkrohdafk2 Ekssaf.

;7. jttp2// jttp2//jmstadacy-uees.arc/

;?. jttp2//www.gu.hiu/jmstadacy/e/

http://histology.med.umich.edu/schedule/undergraduate-graduate




http://www.bu.edu/histology/m/




Guia 01 Microscopia

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