Day 2 cta dakar benin presentation

University of Abomey-Calavi

Improving food and nutrition security outcomes in West Africa:what role for university?

Status of food and nutrition security in Benin

Enoch Achigan-Dako, Nadia Fanou Fogny, Olivier Bello

CTA cross-learning workshop and writeshopInforming FNS Policy and Practice: Strengthening the Agriculture-Nutrition Nexus

and improving outcomesNovotel Hotel, Dakar, Senegal, 21-25 September 2015

Benin development facts Area: 114,763 km² Population: 10 millions;

60% in rural area; 52% women, of which

46% in reproductive age; 17% children under 5 yrs

GDP (2011): USD 1,481 (PPP) 47% living with less than 1 USD/day Human development index (2011): 0.437

Benin development facts

Economic growth: below 5% for the last three years Agriculture: income source for 60% active

population; 32% GDP Livestock: 15-18% agricultural GDP (cow, goat,

poultry) Fishery: 12% agricultural GDP Import dependence rates (domestic supply provided

by importation): 50-60% animal product; 27% cereals.

Current state of food and nutrition in Benin

2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009 2009/2010 2010/2011

-500000

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

3000000

3500000

Figure 4: Staple food production (tonnes), 2006-2010

MAÏS MIL/SORGHO RIZ IGNAME MANIOC NIEBE ARACHIDE

Prevalence of undernourished persons: 12% (2005-2007)

Childhood malnutrition: 13 % low birth weight (2006), 17% underweight (2008),

37 % stunting (2009), 7% wasting Adult malnutrition: 9% chronic energy

deficiency 23% overweight/obesity among women 78% and 60% children and women suffering

from anemia 66% of school age children showing clinical

signs of vitamin A deficiencies 34% households in food insecurity

Current state of food and nutrition in Benin

Most current values for the 6 World Health Assembly (WHA) indicators and latest on-/off-course status for 5/6 WHA indicators for Benin

Progress in meeting nutrition status targets

Year Stunting (%)

Year Overweight (%)

Year Wasting (%)

Year Exclusive breastfeeding

(%)

Year Anemia (%)

Year Low birth

weight (%)

2014 34.0 2014 1.7 2014 4.5 2014 41.4 2011 49.6 2006

15.0

2014 Off course: Some

progress

2014 On course: Good

progress

2014 On course

2014 On course 2011 Off course

• 0.1% government budget lines allocated to nutrition specific interventions

• 5.25% of government budget lines allocated to nutrition sensitive interventions

Strategic questions about role of higher education in FNS issues

• What is needed in terms of capacities (from the point of view of the labour market but also of the university staff) in the area of increasing food supply and reducing hunger?

• How can these needs be translated into learning outcomes, research areas, and student competences to enhance the engagement of TAE institutes in ARD policy processes?

The University of Abomey-Calavi• Established in 1970• Since 2001 it was renamed the University of Abomey-

Calavi and referred to as UAC.

The University of Abomey-Calavi

Our Mission:To pursue national and international recognition and excellence in our core functions of teaching and research while integrating our engagement with society and local communities by using quality, relevance, transparence, and sustainability as our core values.

Our Vision:To be a third Millennium University, recognized internationally for its quality, relevance and impact, and decisively involved into the development of the society.

11 University centres25 Faculties, Schools and Institutes 10 Graduate Schools 89 Full Professors 939 = Qualified lecturers722 Administrative and technical staff 82 980 students in 2013Lecturers/Students ratio is about 1/88PhD = 675 (2013) 90 graduations/yr Articles published: 566 (2012)

The University of Abomey-Calavi

Teaching programs related to FNS• Basic courses: 3 yrs BSc/ 5 yrs Ir degree• Advanced lectures:

– DNSA: 12 majors → development and analysis of nutrition/food security policies and programs; food security and nutrition monitoring and surveillance programs; nutritional desorders; food and nutrition interventions strategies; socioeconomic aspects of nutrition

– DPV: 13 majors → seed storage and conservation; pest management; agroclimatology; integrated soil management; Integrated pest management, biosafety and biosecurity, molecular genetics, plant genetic resources.

• MSc degree Dpt Nutrition and Food Science – Food policy (food security and nutrition,

sociocultural factors influencing nutrition, food and nutrition programs, etc)

– Nutrition and health (epidemiology, food security and nutrition surveillance, community nutrition programs planing and management, etc)

– Food quality and safety (nutrition and dietetics, sanitation and toxicology, analysis, quality control and sensory evaluation, regulation and standardisation, etc.)

– Skills development (planning and management of projects, research methodology, statistics and informatics, etc.)

Teaching programs related to FSN

Teaching programs related to FSN• MSc degree Dpt Plant Production

– Soil fertility management: Breeding, Isotopes, Applied chemistry, Soil physics, Pesticides use, Toxicology, Quality and standard, Crops production, Experimental design, Soil biology and biochemistry, Water and soil conservation, Soil fertility and fertilisation,

– Agrobiodiversity and crop protection: Applied genetics, Plant genetic Resources, Breeding, Phytopatology, Weed science, Entomology, Nematology, Crop production, Experimental design, Seed and grains science, Pest and disease management.

• International training workshop in nutrition and food security (FINSA): Capacity building and strengthening of local stakeholders and professionals working for rural development

• Development and knowledge sharing international forum for sustainable rural development (FIDESPRA): contribution to local development by training local stakeholders on participatory and sustainable development approaches

• Food and applied nutrition regional center (CERNA): upgrading and scaling up food sciences research outcomes through supporting small agri-food projects or agribusiness

Professional training programs

• Capacity building and strengthening of local stakeholders and professionals working for rural development

• Started in 1992; every year, 4 weeks• 2012 → 21st round topic «Nutrition and food

security and development »• Participants from Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi,

Cameroun, Democratic Congo, Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Gabon, Bissau Guinea, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Centrafrican Republic, Sénégal, Rwanda, Chad, Togo, Haïti, Comores, Italia

FINSA

• From Natural Resources to Healthy People: food-based interventions to alleviate micro-nutrient malnutrition – 3 trained PhD– FSA , University of Ouagadougou (BF) &

Wageningen University/INREF I (2000 -2005)• Tailoring food sciences to endogenous

patterns of local food supply for future nutrition (TELFUN) – 2 PhD students– FSA , Ecuador, Ghana, India, Wageningen

University/INREF II (2007 – 2012)

Research programmes

• Upgrading quality and competitiveness of fonio (Digitaria exilis) for improved livelihoods among rural stakeholders – 2006 – 2012: 2 PhD and 6 MSc – FSA, Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Côte

d’Ivoire, France, Belgium & Wageningen University; European Union

• Improved nutrition through staple foods in Africa (INSTAPA)– Benin, Burkina Faso, Kenya, Mali & Wageningen

University; European Union– 2008-2012: 2 PhD students, 6 MSc

Research programmes

• Convergence of Sciences: Strengthening agricultural innovation systems in Benin, Ghana and Mali– CoS: 2001-2006: 9 PhD– CoS-SIS: 2008-2013: 9 post-docs; 9 PhD students– Netherlands/DGIS

• West Africa Agricultural Productivity Program Project for Africa WAAP (2012 – 2016)– Generate and accelerate adoption of improved

technologies in top agricultural commodity priorities areas; 4 components

– More than 12 PhD and 40 MSc

Research programmes

Auditing the roles of UAC in addressing FNS and reducing hunger in Benin

Investigation approach Activity 1. Quick-scan at the macro level: current

provisions, policy framework in Benin Activity 2. Audit at the meso level: capacity

development efforts, existing curricula, research programmes, community outreach

Activity 3. Stakeholders mapping: actors roles, capacities, responsibilities

Activity 4: National university seminar Activity 5: National stakeholder workshop

Current provisions, policy framework and programmes in FNS Benin

1991: Declaration letter of the Rural development policy (LDPDR) 1999-2000: Declaration of the Rural Development Policy (DPDR,

2000), Overall Scheme for Agricultural and rural Development (SDSAR) , Operational Strategic Plan– PSO (2000), Agricultural Services Restructuration Programme (PRSA)

2004: Medium- term National Investment Plan (PNIMT), validated in Feb. 2004 as response to the recommendations of CAADP

2009: Strategic Plan for the Development of the Rural Sector (PSRSA)

2008-2015: National Programme on Food Security (PNSA)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Availability Access Utilization Stability

Perc

enta

ge o

f foo

d se

curi

ty

prog

ram

s/pr

ojec

ts (%

)

Aspects of food security

Proportion of programs/projects by aspects of food security

About 200 programs/project implemented within 15 years. Most of the strategies focusing on food availability.



N° Program title Objectives Technical and financial Partners

Coordination institutions

Selected target groups

Year of implementation

1 AIMAEP Adminsitrative and technical capacity buiding of the ministry of agriculture (MAEP)

the kingdom of Belgium CTB MAEP staff 2009-2013

2 Improvement of farmers access to inputs non cotton in Benin

Contributes to improving the access of farmersto rice, maize and pineapple

the kingdom of Netherlands Netherlands Embassy Benin

rice, pineapple and maize farmers

2009-2013

3 Improvement of food and nutrition security of vulnerable groups in Mono communities in Benin

Improve the nutritional adequacy of existing schemes and promote good feeding practices

Government of Finland (Agro Food Research Finland : MTT) and CGIAR through the « agricultural research program for nutrition and health » (A4NH)

Bioversity International Benin

Infants and children from 6 to 24 months

2013-2015

4 APRA/INRAB New management system of agricultural research based on farmers demands

IFAD (International fund for Agricultural Development) and Danida (Danish Cooperation).

INRAB Farmers 2001-2009

5 ASPS Improve competitiveness, quality and food security in Benin

EU, 10th European Development Fund Benin

BDA, Belgian Development Agency

ABSSA, LCSSA staffs, entreprises, women groups, importers and other

2012-2017

Table 1. Some food security interventions in Benin (1991-2013)

Auditing TAE on FNS issues

Auditing workshop: 23 April 2013

Validation workshop: 30 May 2013

TAE and FNS issues

The audit shows that efforts are being made to enhance FNS teaching and research at UAC. Nevertheless, there are many challenges to overcome.

---------------------------------------------------------Université Abomey-CalaviEtablissement EPAC-FAST-FSAAuditeur BELLO OlivierCoordinateur national ACHIGAN-DAKO EnochNombre de participants 23Secrétaire YETONGNON ImeldaDate évaluation 23-04-2013Date dernière évaluationDate situation désirée 3 ans---------------------------------------------------------

Mapping stakeholders’ roles and responsibilities

• Institutional Support to the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock and Fishery (AIMAEP), • Improvement of Farmers access to non-cotton inputs in Benin: 2009-2013, • support program of the Agricultural research of National institute of Agricultural research Benin (APRA/INRAB), • GRISP (Global Partnership of rice Science) CGIAR research program, • Support program for Modern Poultry Industry Development (PADAM), • Framework Program for Rural Development Support (PADER), • Support Program to develop agricultural sectors (PADFA), • Rural Development Support Program of Mono and Couffo (PADMOC), • Supporting Participatory Development of artisanal fishery program (PADPPA), • Development support program in Agricultural Sector (PADSA I), • Development support program in Agricultural Sector II (PADSA II), • Program for Agricultural Diversification through the Valorisation of Valleys, • Roots and tubers Development Program (PDRT), • Framework support program for agricultural diversification (PROCAD), • NGO Programs for Food and Nutritional Security Phase 2(PROSSAN 2), • Food security program THP, Food Security Emergency Support Program (PUASA), • National Program of Witness shops for National office for food security support, • Community Nutrition Program, • Food Security Project by Agricultural Intensification (PSAIA), • Special Program for youth Integration in Agriculture (PSIJA), • Couffo household food Program and nutritional security (PSAN), • Ease support of agricultural sectors in Mono and Couffo (FAFA MC), • Local intervention project for food security (PILSA), • Project to Improve the Use of Results by the Agricultural stakeholders (PURRA), • project to improve food quality , • Project to improve nutritional and food security of vulnerable groups in Mono communities (Benin) through the increasing use of local agricultural biodiversity, • Promotion of sustainable school supply, and finally the promotion of formal and informal education for children and youths.

we assessed 30 programs (1991-2013) selected based on their major policies

Several stakeholders and interventions


Producers: MTT, CGIAR A4NH

Theater: Benin (Bopaand Houéyogbé/ Mono)

Directors: BioversityInternational Benin

Screenplay: improvement of food and nutrition securityof vulnerable groups in Mono communities in Benin through the increasing use of local agricultural biodiversity

Public: infants and youngchildren (6 to 24 months)

Actors: Nutrition and Food Sciences Department/Faculty of Agricultural Sciences/ University of Abomey Calavi(NFSD/FAS/UAC), UAC et University of Helsinki, bioversity staff, NGO Lone children in Africa and the World (LCAW)

RelationalComplexity

FonctionalComplexity


Producers: NB and government of Denmark

Theater: Benin

Directors: Ministryof rural dévelopment and DANIDA

Screenplay: Development Support Program in the agricultural sector I (DSPAS I)

Public: economics groups and growers of roots and tubers(PME: small and medium enterprisesand PO)Acteurs: Coordination of DSPAS I/ministry of rural

development , PTAA and PAPA/NARIB, DANA SPAFR, CFDAR, DPP/MALF, STAFF of CARDER and Researchdevelopment, NGO Intermédiaries, FAS/UAC

RelationalComplexity

FonctionalComplexity


Lessons learnt

slight involvement of the government as ‘’producer’’; lack of participation of target groups in programs

conception; the technical and financial partners can sometimes

play the role of directors or even actors; the role of the public not clearly defined; a low involvement of university actors in the

implementation of food security programs.

Expected changes from TAE in FNS issues

How can the university get involved in food security policies ?

How to promote academic research for better collaboration between universities and other food security stakeholders?

At what level can universities intervene in the conception and implementation food security programs?

Expected changes from TAE in FNS policies: strategic actions

inventory of existing training possibilities and update them as required;

identify areas for strengthening training opportunities at faculty level;

harmonize existing curricula. It does not mean having the same training content in all entities but to take into account a number of Teaching Units (ECUE) needed for a complete training in these entities;

organize capacity building sessions on food security for local officials and food security professionals;

Expected changes from TAE in FNS policies

facilitating access to research results (newspapers, web sites, TV and radio programs);

establishing of a platform involving all food security stakeholders

developing a strategic thinking mechanism definition of food security programs monitoring and

evaluation indicators Lobbying university’s commitment in policy development; establishing an early warning strategy for food security

policies.

Pathway to mainstreaming TAE in CAADP process

Financial and technical partners

Script: Food security program

Execution

Nutrition and food council

National universities

Ambitions

Conception/elaboration Coordination

Govermental and non govermental bodies

Public: identified target group

Research Monitring-evaluation

Consultation/expertise

Center of excellence

Initial and continuous training

Theater: BeninIncreasing

food supply and reducing

hunger

Institutionalization: Institute of Food and Nutrition Security (Funding NUFFIC)

• Document policies and programs and current passes on food safety;

• Strategic thinking and define impact indicators of food security programs;

• Create and manage a database on food security indicators for each municipality;

• Annually publish reliable statistics on the state of food security in Benin;

• Analyze nutritional status of local populations based on indicators defined


• Develop networks and facilitate exchanges of information on food security;

• Analyse and update / harmonize training opportunities in the field of food security

• Carry out vocational training and continuous learning on issues related to FNS;

• Educate and inform monitors (general education) on food safety issues


• Provide strategic guidance to gov. bodies involved in FNS issues ;

• Strengthen the capacity of municipalities on the management of FSN issues;

• Develop/update catalogues of research findings on specific aspects of food safety;

• Make publicly available research findings related to FSN (e.g. newspapers, local magazines).


THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Day 2 cta dakar benin presentation

Food

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