Biopsia
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Transcript of Biopsia
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CITOLOGIAS
PATOLOGIA QUIRURGICA
PATOLOGIA POST MORTEN
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AUTOPSIA
Conjunto de operaciones realizadas sobre un cadàver para estudio o investigaciòn de las causas de muerte
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1.Control de calidad del trabajo Médico: -Causa de muerte -Confirmar o refutar diagnósticos -Monitorear respuestas terapeuticas
2.Educativas3.Mejorar el cuido del paciente4.Mejorar la Salud Publica
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5.Promover la búsqueda de: - Nuevas enfermedades - Manifestaciones de enfermedades - Organos para transplantes6.Identificar lo relacionado al medio
ocupacional, estilo de vida, etc.7.Menos costos hospitalarios8.Permitir diagnósticos forenses.
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LA ANATOMO-PATOLOGICA
LA MEDICO- LEGAL
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Determinar la causa de muerte Contribuir a establecer la manera de
muerte Contribuir a establecer tiempo de muerte Identificaciòn de cadàveres no
identificados Documentar lesiones o su ausencia Documentar enfermedades asociadas
contributorias a la causa de muerte Recolecciòn evidencias fìsicas o biològicas
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EN CASO DE MUERTE VIOLENTA, SÚBITA O SOSPECHOSA DE CRIMINALIDAD, SE PRACTICARA DE INMEDIATO LA AUTOPSIA A TRAVÉS DEL I. M. L.
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BIOPSIA ES LA MUESTRA DE TEJIDO OBTENIDA DE UN SER VIVO PARA SU ESTUDIO MICROSCOPICO
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BIOPSIAS DE DIAGNOSTICO
PIEZAS QUIRURGICAS
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SIRVEN PARA CONCRETAR UN Dx
SON PEQUEÑAS TIENEN PARTE DE LA LESION
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SON MUESTRAS GENERALMENTE GRANDES SON ÓRGANOS ENTEROS INCLUYEN TODA LA LESION CONFIRMAN UN Dx ESTABLECER UN PRONOSTICOPLANIFICAR UN Tx
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COLPOSCOPICASGASTROSCOPICASBRONCOSCOPICASPERCUTANEASPOR AGUJA POR TRU-CUTPOR ASPIRACION
LEGRADOBLOQUE CELULARRASPADOCEPILLADODE CONGELACIONINCISIONALESCISIONAL
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RECIPIENTE ADECUADO
FIJADOR
SOLICITUD DE ESTUDIO
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FRASCO DE VIDRIO O PLASTICO DE BOCA ANCHA DE ROSCA DE TAMAÑO ADECUADO SEGÚN LA MUESTRA IDENTIFICADO CON VIÑETA
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ES LA SOLUCION QUE SE PONE EN EL FRASCO PARA EVITAR LOS CAMBIOS AUTOLÌTICOS Y PUTREFACCION DERIVADOS DE LA MUERTE CELULAR
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QUIMICOS FORMALDEHIDO( FORMALINA O
FORMOL) FORMOL NEUTRO O TAMPONADA BOUIN ZENKER B-5 GLUTARALDEHIDO FISICOS CONGELACION
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PENETRACION RAPIDAPERDIDA MINIMA DE
COMPONENTES CELULARESBAJO COSTOFACIL MANEJOPODER REALIZAR OTRAS
TECNICAS
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EVITAR LA AUTOLISIS Y LA PUTREFACCION ENDURECIMIENTO TISULAR MEJORAN LA TINCIÒN DISMINUYEN LOS RIESGOS DE INFECCION
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RECIPIENTE ADECUADO VOLUMEN ADECUADO ( 10- 20 VECES ) TIEMPO DE 8 HORAS
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NOMBRE DEL PACIENTE EDADNOMBRE DEL MEDICOMUESTRA ENVIADADIAGNOSTICO CLINICOHISTORIA O DATOS CLINICOS
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Boleta de
solicitud
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IDENTIFICACION DEL CASOTALLAPROCESO DEL TEJIDOLECTURA DIAGNOSTICOMECANOGRAFIADO
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SE LE DA NUMERO DE ENTRADA Y SE ANOTA EN LIBRO Y SE LE PONE AL FRASCO
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DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA MUESTRA COLOR TAMAÑO CONSISTENCIA LESIONES SELECCIÓN DE LOS CORTES
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Talla
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Talla
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FIJACION
DESHIDRATACIÒN
ACLARAMIENTO
INPREGNACIÒN
INCLUSIÒN
CORTE
TINCIÒN
MONTAJE
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Proceso de biopsias
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ES EL PROCESO POR EL CUAL LOS TEJIDOS O SUS COMPONENTES CELULARES PERMANECEN ESTABLES EN SU ESTADO FISICO Y QUIMICO
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PERSIGUE ELIMINAR AGUA INTRA Y EXTRACELULAR
SE UTILIZA EL ALCOHOL ETILICOSON ALCOHOLES ASCENDENTES 70 AL 100 %
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PROCESO QUE CONSIGUE SUSTITUIR AL AGENTE DESHIDRATANTE POR UNA SUSTANCIA MISCIBLE CON LA PARAFINA
AGENTES: XILOL O XILENO CLOROFORMO BENCENO APLICACIONES: DESALCOHOLIZACION VUELVE TRANSPARENTE LOS
TEJIDOS
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SE PONE LA MUESTRA EN PARAFINA LIQUIDA ( 52- 60 ºC )
OCUPA EL LUGAR DEL XILOLEL VOLUMEN DEBE SER 25 VECES
AL DEL TEJIDOSUSTITUTO: PARAPLAST
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ES COLOCAR EN UN RECIPIENTE CON PARAFINA LÍQUIDA LA MUESTRA PARA FORMAR UN BLOQUE.
SOLIDIFICACIONBAÑO DE HIELODESVASTADO
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Sección de histotecnologia
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SECCION DE HISTOTECNOLOGIA
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SE HACE CON EL MICROTOMOESPESOR DE 3-6 MICRASEL BLOQUE EN BAÑO DE HIELOCORTE A BAÑO DE FLOTACIÒN A
45ºCAGARRAR LOS CORTES CON EL
PORTAOBJETOSSECADO EN ESTUFA
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DESVASTADO Y CORTE
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EXTENDIDO
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PESCA DEL CORTE
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ESTUFA
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BOTAR EL EXCESO DE PARAFINA
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PERMITE ESTUDIAR CARACTERISTICAS FISICAS DE LOS TEJIDOS
DE RUTINA ES HEMATOXILINA-EOSINA LA HEMATOXILINA COLOREA EL
NÚCLEOLA EOSINA EL CITOPLASMA
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BATERIA DE COLORACION DE HEMATOXILINA Y EOSINA
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COLORACION DE CORTES
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IMPREGNACION DEL CORTE CON UN MEDIO TRANSPARENTE
CARACTERÍSTICAS: SOLUBLE EN XILOL NO CAMBIA DE Ph NI DE COLOR NO DEFORME EL TEJIDO NO DAÑAR LOSCOLORANTES
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PERMANENTE: BALSAMO DEL CANADA MERCKOGLASSPROVISIONAL AGUA GLICERINA ACEITE MINERAL
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EL MEDICO PATOLOGO SE ENCARGA DE HACER EL DIAGNOSTICO HISTOPATOLOGICO
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METENAMINA: HONGOS TRICROMICO DE MASSON: COLAGENO PAS: GLUCOGENO Y MUCINA MUCICARMIN: MOCO ROJO CONGO : AMILOIDE SUDAN: GRASA ZIEHL-NEESEN: LEPRA – TUBERCULOSIS PERLS: HIERRO
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SIRVE PARA DIAGNOSTICOEVALUAR LIMITES QUIRURGICOSSI EL TEJIDO LLEVA LESIÒN
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CRIOSTATO
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congelaciones
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congelaciones
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CORTES DE CONGELACION
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TECNICA QUE OCUPA MARCADORES INMUNOLOGICOS DE LA CELULA
SIRVE PARA NEOPLASIAS MALIGNAS
UTIL PARA IDENTIFICAR AGENTES MICROBIOLOGICOS
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COLORACION DE H- E
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MARCADORES EN INMUNOHISTOQUIMICA
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Histoquímica
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BARATO ESTUDIA GRANDES POBLACIONES MATERIAL FACIL DE OBTENERMETODO INOCUOGRAN CONFIABILIDADDEBE SER COMPROBADO CON
BIOPSIA
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ES EL METODO POR EL CUAL SE HACE DIAGNOSTICO ANALIZANDO LAS CARACTERISTICAS O CAMBIOS DE CADA CELULA
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CENTRIFUGADORA
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CITOLOGIA EXFOLIATIVA
CITOLOGIA DE PUNCION
CITOLOGIA POR IMPRESIÓN O APOSICION
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AUTOIRRIGACIONESPUTOORINALIQUIDO CEFALORRAQUIDEODERRAME EN CAVIDADES
CORPORALESRASPADO CERVICALCEPILLADO BRONQUIAL
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TUMOR ENCEFALICOTUMOR MAMARIOTUMOR PERIFERICO DE PULMONTRASTORNOS HEMATOPOYETICOSTUMOR DE PROSTATATUMOR DE TIROIDESANALISIS DE CARIOTIPO