arK-kw-c-£W ^manßv coXn-Iƒkasavu.in/uploads/books/File_13.pdf · Title : Mrigasamrakshana...

$: arK-kw-c-£W ^manßv coXn-Iƒkasavu.in/uploads/books/File_13.pdf · Title : Mrigasamrakshana Farming Reethikal- Ulpadhanavun Vipananavum (arK-kw-c-£W ^manßv coXn-Iƒ˛ D¬∏m-Z-\hpw$
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Title : Mrigasamrakshana Farming Reethikal- Ulpadhanavun Vipananavum(arK-kw-c-£W ^manßv coXn-Iƒ˛ D¬∏m-Z-\hpw hn]-W-\hpw)

Published by : Dr. S. RamkumarDirector of EntrepreneurshipKerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityPookode, WayanadKerala Statewww.kvasu.ac.in

Author : Dr. T.P.SethumadhavanHead, PublicationsDirectorate of EntrepreneurshipKerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University

Year of Publication : 2014No. of Copies : 1000

Price : Rs. 60/- (Rupees Sixty only)

Layout & Design : Santhosh Joeboy, ThrissurPrinted @ KBPS, Kakkanaad, Kochi

arK-kw-c-£W manßv coXn-Iƒ

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hyhkmbnImSnÿm\Ønep≈ ^manwKv t]m’mln∏n°m≥

sXmgn¬ kwcÌXzw (Entrepreneurship) \v IqSpX¬ ]cnKW\

BhiyamWv. Ch kpÿnc Iyjnbv°v ]m[m\yw e`n°p∂

coXnbnembncn°Ww. ]pXnb kwcÌ¿°v ]cnioe\w

AXy¥mt]£nXamWv. Dev∏mZ\£aX Db¿Øm\p≈ kmt¶XnI

hnZyIƒ KthjW ÿm]\ßfn¬ \n∂pw I¿jIcnseØnbncn°Ww.

DZmlcWambn Idh ]ip°ƒ°v ]khØn\v Hcp amkw aptºm

]khn®v 10˛masØ Znhkhpw hnc acp∂v \¬Ip∂Xv hgn

]mepev]mZ\Øn¬ ]XnZn\w Ht∂Im¬ en‰dns‚ h¿≤\hp≠mIpw.

IqensNehv h¿≤n®p hcp∂ C°meØv b¥hXvIyX ^manwKv

coXnIƒ A\ph¿Øn°mw. Dev∏mZ\sNehv Ipd°m\pw Dev∏∂ßƒ

KpWta∑tbmsS e`yam°m\pw CXv D]Icn°pw. F∂m¬ ]q¿Æambpw

b¥hXv°cn® sslsS°v ^mapIƒ°v sNethsdbmWv.

AanXamb B‚n_tbmń°pIfpsSbpw IoS\min\nIfpsSbpw

D]tbmKw Ipd®ps°m≠p≈ ssPh Iyjn tImgn hf¿Ø¬, t]mØn≥

Ipń hf¿Ø¬, kwtbmPnX Iyjn taJeIfn¬ ]mh¿ØnIam°mw.

ssPhfw D]tbmKn®p≈ kotdm_P‰v Iyjn°v km[yXItfsdbp≠v.

Cd®n imkvXob coXnbn¬ Dev∏mZn∏n°m≥ imkvXob

AdhpimeIƒ, Adhp ]cntim[\Iƒ, Adhp ]InbIƒ F∂nh

BhiyamWv. Cd®nbpsS D]t`mKw tIcfØn¬ h¿≤n®p hcp∂Xmbn

IW°pIƒ kqNn∏°p∂p. KpWta∑tbmsS ]m°v sNbvX Cd®n

D]t`m‡m°ƒ°v e`yam°m\p≈ \S]SnIƒ kzoIcn°p∂XneqsS

P¥pP\y tcmKßƒ \nb¥n°mw.

Ãm¿´∏v Iº\nIƒ

sFSn taJebn¬ Ãm¿´∏v Iº\nIƒ Bcw`n°p∂Xpt]mse

I∂pImen hf¿Øenepw Ãm¿´∏v kwc`ßƒ°v ]k‡nbp≠v tImƒ

\neßfn¬ Iyjn, ayKkwcw£Ww, a’yIyjn F∂nh

ka\bn∏n®p≈ Ãm¿´∏v kwc`ßƒ XpSßmhp∂XmWv. tImgnbnd®n,

]m¬, ]mepev∏∂ßƒ, tImgnap´, ]®°dn XpSßnb \nch[n

Dev∏∂ßƒ hn]W\w \SØmw.


]mcnÿnXnI ]iv\ßƒ ]cnlcn°m≥ imkvXnb am¿§ßƒ

]mcnÿnXnI ]iv\ßƒ ]cnlcn°m≥ sXmgpØv

\n¿ΩmWØnepw ]cn]me\Ønepw imkvXnb am¿§ßƒ

Ahew_nt°≠Xp≠v. ayKkwc£W ^manwKv coXnIƒ C∂v

IqSpXembn aen\oIcW `ojWn t\cnSp∂p. kpÿnc Iyjnbn¬

amen\y \n¿Ωm¿÷\Øn\v ]m[m\yw \¬IWw. ^manse

AhinjvSßƒ ^e]Zambn kwkv°cn®v hnetbdnb Dev∏∂ßƒ

\n¿Ωn°mw. _tbmKymkv πm‚neqsS ]mNI hmXIw, sshZyqXn

F∂nh \n¿Ωn°mw. Cd®nt°mgn AhinjvSßfn¬ \n∂v •nkdn≥,

_tbmUok¬ F∂nh \n¿Ωn°mw. ssPhhfw kwkv°cn®v

DZym\Iyjnbv°pw, ]®°dnIyjnbv°pw th≠n hn]W\w \SØmw.

tKmaqXw, ]©Khyw F∂nh ssPhIyjnbv°pw,Bbp¿t∆Zacp∂p

\n¿ΩmWØn\pw D]tbmKn°mw. ^man¬ \n∂pw ]mgmbnt∏mIp∂

sh≈w kwkv°cn®v ho≠pw D]tbmKn°mw. Adhpimebn¬ \n∂p≈

AhinjvSßfn¬ \n∂v hnetbdnb F√ps∏mSnbpw, acp∂pIfpw

\n¿Ωn°mhp∂XmWv.

kmwIanI tcmKßfmb IpfºptcmKw, IpceS∏≥ apXembh

\nb¥n°m≥ tcmK\nb¥Ww, ]cythjWw F∂nhbv°v ap¥nb

]cnKW\\¬IWw. Dev∏mZ\w h¿≤n∏n°m≥ km‰sse‰v ^manwKv

coXnIfpw XpSßmhp∂XmWv. hntIµIyXmkqXWØn¬

`qanimkvX]]camb ]m[m\yw IW°nseSpØps°m≠p≈

ayKkcw£W coXnIƒ Bhojv°cn°p∂Xv `£y kpc£

\ne\n¿Øm≥ klmbn°pw.


arK-kw-c-£WØn\v km[y-Xtbdp∂p

cmPyØv arK-kw-c-£-W-ta-Je Im¿jnI taJ-e-sb-°mƒ H∂c

Cc´n hf¿®m \nc°v tcJ-s∏-SpØn hcp-∂p. I∂pImen hf¿Ø¬

]cºcmKXambn cmPysØ Im¿jnI hrØnbpsS `mKamWv. C¥y≥

kºZv hyhÿbn¬ Cu taJ-e-bpsS kzm[o\w Nn√-d-b-√. 2010 se

tZiob kmºnƒ k¿s∆-b\p-k-cn®v 16.5 Zi-e£w P\-ß-fmWv cmPyØv

arK-kw-c-£W taJ-ebn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p∂-Xv. 90 Zi-e£w Id-h-am-Sp-

Isf hf¿Øn hcp-∂p. 73% tØmfw KmaoW P\X I∂p-Im-en-

hf¿Øente¿s∏´p hcp-∂p.

kvXoI-fpsS ]¶m-fnØw Cu taJ-e-bn¬ 77% amWv. Im¿jnI

taJ-e-bn-enXv 33% amX-am-Wv. Irjn-bn¬ 3 Zi-e£w kvXoIƒ

sXmgn¬ sNøp-tºmƒ arK-kw-c-£-W-ta-J-e-bn-enXv 75 Zi-e-£-am-Wv.

arK-ß-fpsS kz`m-hw, Xo‰, Xo‰Iaw F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn®pw Ch¿°v hy‡-

amb [mc-W-bp-≠v. cmPysØ samØw Im¿jnI hcp-am-\-Øns‚ 28.4%

kw`m-h\ sNøp-∂Xv arK-kw-c-£W taJ-e-bmWv. CXv samØw B`y-

¥c Dev]m-Z-\-Øns‚ 5.26%tØmfw hcpw.

Arid taJ-e-bn¬ Im¿jnI taJ-e-bpsS 11% hpw, Semi Arid taJ-

e-bn¬ 40% hpw arK-kw-c-£W taJ-e- kw`m-h\ sNøp-∂p. t]mj-I-

k-ºp-jvS-amb £-Ww, XpI¬, tcmaw, F√v, c‡w, sImgp∏v, a‰p Dt]m-

ev]-∂-ßƒ F∂nh Cu taJ-e-bpsS kw`m-h-\-bm-Wv.

2011˛12 se samØw ]mens‚ hne 2,62214 tImSn cq]tbmfw

hcpw. CXv s\√v, tKmX-ºv, Icnºv F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂p≈ samØw hcp-

am-\-sØ-°mƒ IqSp-X-em-Wv. arK-kw-c-£W taJ-e-bn¬ \n∂p≈

samØw hcp-am\-Øn¬ 67% ]mepw, ]mep-ev]-∂-ßfpamWv. CXv samØw

Im¿jnI B`y-¥c Dev]m-Z-\-Øns‚ 18%tØmfw hcpw. temI-Øn¬

sht®-‰hpw IqSp-X¬ ]mep-ev]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ C¥ybnse hm¿jnI ]mep-


ev]m-Z\w 121.8 Zi-e£w SÆn-e-[n-I-am-Wv. ]mens‚ ]Xn-io¿j D]-

t`mKw 267 Kmam-Wv. samØw Dev]m-Z-\-Øn¬ 17% P¥p-P\y Dev]∂ß-

fm-Wv. ap´-bpsS Dev]m-Z-\-Øn¬ C¥y°v temIØv 3˛mw ÿm\-am-Wp-

≈-Xv. 63 _n√y\mWv hm¿jn-I- ap-´-bp¬]m-Z\w. temI-Øn¬ sht®-

‰hpw IqSp-X¬ Fcp-a-I-fp-≈Xv C¥ybn-emWv (56.7%) ]ip-°fpsS FÆw

12.5% amWv. C¥y°v kz¥-ambn 34 I∂p-Imen P\p- p-Ifpw 12 Fcpa

P\p- p-I-fp-ap-≠v.

]mepw, ]mep-ev]-∂-ßfpw Ncn-Xm-XoXImew apX¬s° C¥y≥

kwkv°m-c-Øns‚ `m-K-ambn amdn-°-gn-™p. ssXcv, tbmK¿´v, shÆ,

s\øv, ]\o¿, Nokv, tImh, ]mbkw F∂nh X\Xv ]mep-ev]-∂ßfmWv.

ssPh-Ir-jn-bv°p≈ apJy LS-I-ß-fn-sem-∂mWv NmW-Iw. CXv

samØw arK-kw-c-£W taJ-ebpsS B`y-¥c Dev]mZ\-Øns‚ 9%

tØmfw hcpw. tKmaq-X-Øn\v Bbp¿t∆-Z-Øn¬ hn]-W\ km[y-X-tb-

sd-bm-Wv. Dg-hp-ti-jn-bn-eqsS 440000 MW sshZyp-Xn°v Xpey-amb

Du¿÷w Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°m≥ Ignbpw.

F∂m¬ arK-kw-c-£W taJ-e-bnse ]≤-Xn-hn-lnXw Im¿jnI

taJ-esb At]-£n®v Ipd-hm-Wv. 12% Public expenditure on AgricultureamXsa Cu taJ-ebv°v e`n-bv°p-∂p-≈q.

arK-Nn-In’m cwKØpw ]cn-an-Xn-I-tf-sd-bp-≠v. DØ-tc-¥y≥

kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ tkh\ e`y-X-bn¬ anI® A¥cw \ne-\n¬°p-∂p.

samØw Irjn sNøm-hp∂ ÿe-Øns‚ 4.6% ÿeØv amXsa Xo‰-

∏p√v Irjn sNbvXp hcp-∂p-≈q. ssht°m¬, Jcm-lm-cw, ]®-∏p√v F∂n-

h-bpsS £maw bYm-Iaw 10, 33, 35 iX-am-\-am-Wv. Xo‰-s®-ehv A\p-

Zn\w h¿≤n®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. ]P-\-\-cw-KØpw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fp≠v.

C¥y-bnse X\Xv P\p- p-I-ƒ Ata-cn-°, BkvtS-en-b, \yqkn-em‚ v,

_ko¬, _ƒtK-dnb F∂o cmPy-ß-fn¬ anI® P\p- p-I-fmbn amdn-

°-gn-™p. kln-hmƒ, Kn¿, Im≥I-sd-Pv, Xm¿]m¿°¿, lcn-bm\ F∂n-

h-Chbn¬s∏-Spw. IrXn-a-_oP k¶-e-\w, _oPw kq£n-°¬, ]h¿Ø-

\-an-I-hns‚ A`mhw F∂n-hbpw Cu cwK-Øp-≠v.

]mep-ev]m-Z-\-s®-ehpw A\p-Zn\w h¿≤n®p hcn-I-bm-Wv. Cu

taJ-e-bn¬ \n∂p≈ em`hn-lnXw Ipd™p hcp-∂p. Imem-hÿm hyXn-

bm-\w, aÆns‚ -^e`q-bn-jvT-X-bn-ep≈ Ipd-hv, h¿≤n® P\-km-µX

apX-embh Xo‰-∏p¬ Irjn-bv°p≈ ]cn-an-Xn-I-fn¬ Nne-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬

D]-t`m-‡m-°ƒ ]m¬hne Db¿Øp-tºmƒ FXn¿∏v ]I-Sn-∏n®p hcp-

∂p.


imkvXob hn]-W\ kwhn -[m\w P¥p -P\y Dev] -∂-

ßƒ°mhiy-am-Wv. Ib-‰p-a-Xn, Cd-°p-a-Xn, kwkv°-c-Ww, hn]-W-\w,

hmbv], hne, apX¬ apS°v, ùXoI kuI-cy-ßƒ F∂n-h-bn¬ anI®

X¥-ßƒ Dcp-Øn-cn-s®-Sp-°-Ww.

P\-ß-fpsS hmßm-\p≈ tijn h¿≤n-°p∂Xpw Bh-iy-IX

Db-cp∂Xpw arK-kw-c-£-W-ta-J-ebv°v Icp-tØ-Ip-∂p. £-Ww, t]mj-

Ww, Xo‰, Xo‰-∏p-√v, ê`q-bn-jvT-X, PohnX \ne-hm-cw, ]mcn-ÿn-XnI

kpc£ F∂nhbneq-∂nbp≈ X¥-ßƒ cq]o-I-cn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

I∂p-Im-en-h-f¿Ø¬ I¿j-I-cpsS \ne-\n¬∏n\pw, kpÿn-c-Xbv°pw

Du∂¬ \¬In-bmte `£y kpc£ Dd∏p hcp-Øm≥ km[n°q!

`£y-kp-c-£ -_n¬ ]mh¿Øn-I-am-b-tXmsS C¥y-bn¬ Gsd

km[y-X-I-fp≈ taJ-e-I-fn-sem-∂mWv- arK-kw-c-£-Ww. Irjn B≠n¬

120 sXmgn¬ Zn\-ßƒ amXw ]Zm\w sNøp-tºmƒ arK-kw-c-£W taJ-

e-bn¬ \n∂pw 365 sXmgn¬ Zn\-ßƒ e`n-°p∂p F∂Xv Cu taJ-e-

bpsS km[y-X-Iƒ h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂p. Ipd™ ÿeØv Ffp-∏-Øn¬

em`w sImøm-\p-X-Ip∂ LS-I-ß-fmWv arK-kw-c-£-W-ta-J-e-bn-ep-≈-

Xv.

]m¬, ap´, Cd®n, Ch-bpsS DXv]-∂-ßƒ, XpI¬, XpI-ep-ev]-

∂-ßƒ, F√p-s]m-Sn, Pem-‰n≥ XpS-ßnb \nc-h[n DXv]-∂-ß-fpsS Dd-

hnSw arK-kw-c-£-W-ta-JeXs∂-bmWv. BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬ t]mó≥

\yq\-X-aq-e-ap≈ tcmK-ßƒ hnI-kzc, Ahn-I-knX cmPy-ß-fn¬ IqSp-

X-embn I≠p hcp-∂p. kky-t]m-ó-\ns\ At]-£n®v Chbv°v G‰hpw

\√ ]Xn-hn[n P¥-P-\y-t]m-ó-\ns‚ D]-t`mKw h¿≤n-∏n-°pI F∂-

Xm-Wv. ]m¬, ap´, Cd®n F∂n-h-bpsS e`y-Xbpw Bh-iy-I-Xbpw XΩn-

ep≈ A¥cw BtKmf, tZiob, kwÿm\ Xe-ßfn¬ Gsd hep-

XmWv. Im¿jn-tIm-Xv]-∂-ß-fp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ Cu cwK-

Øp≈ DXv]-∂-°Ωn 200 iX-am-\-Øn-e-[n-I-am-Wv. CXv arK-kw-c-£W

taJ-e-bn-ep≈ A\¥km[y-X-Iƒ°v sXfn-hm-Wv.

sshhn-[y-am¿∂ \nc-h[n D]-hn- m-K-ß-fp≈ arK-kw-c-£-WtaJ-

e-bn¬ 80 iX-am-\-Øn-e-[nIw h\nXm ]¶m-fn-Øap≠v.

temI-Øn¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ I∂p-Im-en-I-fp≈ C¥ybn¬

460 Zi-e£w I∂p-Im-en-Ifpw, 360 Zi-e£w tImgn-I-fp-ap-≠v. Cu

cwKsØ hm¿jnI hf¿®m \nc°v 4˛5% BWv. ap´-bp-Xv]m-Z\w, tImgn-

bn-d®n DXv]m-Z\w F∂n-h-bn¬ C¥y°v bYm-Iaw aq∂pw A©pw ÿm-

\-am-Wp-≈-Xv. t]mØn-d®n Ib-‰p-a-Xn-bn¬ C¥y ap∂n´p \n¬°p-∂p.


C¥y-bnse hm¿jnI ]mep-ev]m-Z\w 104 Zi-e£w SÆn-e-[n-I-

am-Wv. samØw hcp-am-\-Øns‚ 42.5% `£-W-Øn-\p-th≠n sNe-h-gn-

°p-∂p. CXn¬ 24.5% ]m¬, ap´, Cd®n DXv]-∂-ßƒ°v th≠n-bm-Wv.

(]m¬, ]mep-ev]-∂-ßƒ ˛ 18.2%, Cd-®n, ap´, a’yw ˛6.3%). ]´-W-ß-fn-

enXv 28% Øne-[n-I-am-Wv. [m\y-ßƒ°p th≠n 23.4% amXta sNe-hn-

Sp-∂p≈q!

temI-Øn¬ Hmtcm an\p-ńepw 251 t]¿ P\n-°p-∂-Xmbpw 106

t]¿ acn-°p-∂-Xmbpw IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. Hmtcm h¿jhpw 76 Zi-e£w

Ipń-I-fmWv P\n-°p-∂-Xv. 2020-˛-HmSp IqSn temI -P-\-kwJy 7.8-˛9.2

_n√y≥ BIm-\mWv km[y-X. Cu Ime-b-f-hnse h¿[n® t]mó≥

Bh-iy-I-Xbv°v Bi-bn-°m-hp-∂Xv ]m¬, ap´, Cd®n DXv]-∂-ß-sf-

bmWv. Bb-Xn-\m¬ Cu e£y-an-´p≈ DXv]m-Z\ X¥-ßƒ°v ap≥K-

W\ \¬tI-≠-Xp-≠v. Production, Population, Policies F∂n-h-b-S-ßnb 3PStrategies CXn-\m-h-iy-amWv.

A¥m-cmjvS hn]-Wn-bn¬ P¥p-P\y DXv]-∂-ß-fpsS hym]m-c-

Øn\v A\¥ km[y-X-I-fm-Wp-≈Xv. F∂m¬ temI hym]m-c-°-cm-dns‚

\n_-‘-\-Iƒ ]men-°m-\p≈ ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw hnI-knX cmPy-ßƒ A\p-

h¿Øn®phcp∂ k_vknUn \nb-¥-Whpw Cu km[y-Xbv°v aß-

te¬∏n-°p-∂p. Cd-°p-aXn Xocph Db¿Øn Cu taJ-e-bnse km[y-X-

Iƒ ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

P¥p-P\y DXv]-∂-ß-fn¬ ][m-\-s∏- -h-bmWv ]m¬, Cd-®n, ap´,

XpI¬, Iºnfn DXv]-∂-ßƒ XpS-ßn-b-h. BtKm-f-hym-]m-c-°-cm-dns‚

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ hnI-knX cmPy-ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ artKm-Xv]-∂-ßƒ

A¥m-cmjvS hn]-Wn-bn¬ btYjvSw hn]-W\w \S-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂p. DXv]m-

Z-\-s®-ehv Ipd-hmb, k_vknUn shń-°p-d® hnI-kzc cmPy-ß-fnse

DXv]-∂-ß-tf-°mƒ Ipd™ hnebv°v hnI-knX cmPy-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw

Ch A¥m-cmjvS hn]-Wn-bn-se-Øp-∂p. hnI-knX cmPy-ß-fn¬ kwc-

£Ww F∂ t]cn¬ I¿j-I¿°v AZriy k_vknUn \¬Inhcp-∂-

Xn-\m¬ DXv]m-Z-\-s®-ehv Xptemw Ipd-hm-Wv. ]ip-h-f¿Ø-en\v 200%

hsc k_vknUn \¬In hcp∂ cmPy-ß-fp-≠v. AhnsS \n∂p≈ DXv]-

∂-ß-sf-Øp∂ hnI-kzc cmPy-ß-fn¬ Cd-°p-aXn Xocph Xosc Ipd™

\nc-°n-ep-am-Wv.

£otcm-ev]-∂-ßƒ 5˛6% amXta A¥m-cmjvS hn]-Wnbn¬

hym]mcw \S-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂p-≈q. bqtdm-∏v, \yqkn-em≥Uv, BkvtS-en-b,

Ata-cn° F∂o cmPy-ß-fmWv 66% ]m¬-s∏mSn (Whole milk powder) 75%


shÆ,- Nokv F∂nh Ib-‰p-aXn sNøp-∂-Xv. bqtdm-∏nepw, Ata-cn-°-

bnepw Nokns‚ Cd-°p-aXn bYm-Iaw 2%˛hpw 5%˛hpw amX-am-Wv.

A¥m-cmjvS hn]-Wn-tb-°mfpw Db¿∂ Xmßp-hne \¬In-bmWv

bqtdm-∏v, Ata-cn-°, P∏m≥, Im\U apX-emb cmPy-ß-fn¬ £otcm-

ev]m-Z\, Cd®n kwkvI-cW taJe \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xv. bqtdm-∏v, Im\U

F∂o cmPy-ß-fn¬ shÆbv-°p-≈ Cd-°p-aXn Xocph bYm-Iaw 100%˛-

hpw 500%˛hpamWv. F∂m¬ C¥y-bn-enXv 40-˛60%˛Øn¬ Xmsg-

amXamWv !

Ign™ ]Xn-‰m≠p Ime-b-f-hn¬ Cd®n Dev]-∂-ßƒ, ]mep-

ev]-∂-ßƒ F∂n-h-bpsS Ib-‰p-a-Xnbn¬ bYm-Iaw 253%, 549% h¿≤-

\hv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. XpI¬, Iºnfn F∂n-h-bnenXv 77% hpw

33˛%hpam-Wv.

BtKmfhym]m-c-°-cm-dns‚ km[y-X-Iƒ ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm≥

DXv]m-Z-\-£-aX h¿≤n-∏n-°m-\p≈ ia-ßƒ°v ap≥K-W\ \¬I-Ww.

ssPh-km-t¶-Xn-I-hnZy IqSp-X¬ ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-tXm-sSm∏w Kth-

j-W-]-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v B°w Iq´p-Ibpw thWw.

temI-Øn¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ hn¬°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv ]∂n-bn-d-®n-

bm-Wv. F∂m¬, C¥y-bn¬ tImgn-bn-d-®n-bm-Wv. BtKm-f-X-eØn¬ Xs∂

]∂n-bn-d-®nsb c≠mw ÿm\-tØ°v X≈n-s°m≠v tImgn-bn-d-®n-bpsS

D]-t`mKw h¿≤n-®p-h-cp-∂p. C¥y-bn¬ \n∂p≈ t]mØn-d®n Ib-‰p-a-

Xn°v Db¿∂ km[y-X-I-fp-≠v. sImgp∏v Ipdhpw `m¥n-∏-ip-tcm-K-an-√m-

bvabpw t]mØn-d-®n-bpsS Ib-‰p-aXn km[yX h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂p.

Bń-d-®n°v C∂v \√ hn]-W-\-km-[y-X-bp-≠v. Ab¬ kwÿm-

\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v hc-hn-√m-ØXpw h¿[n® Bh-iy-I-Xbpw mhn-bn¬ tIc-

f-Øn¬ Cu taJ-e-bv°p≈ A\¥ km[y-X-Iƒ Db¿Øn-°m-´p-∂p.

IqSmsX Bń-d-®n°pw (Chevon) sNΩ-cn-bm-Sn-d-®nbv°pw (mutton) A¥m-

cmjvS hn]-Wn-bn-te°v h≥ Ib-‰p-aXn km[y-X-I-fn-∂p-≠v.

`£y-kp-c-£n-XXzw (Food safety) A¥m-cmjvS Xe-Øn¬ Xs∂

Gsd N¿® sNbvXp hcp-∂p. P¥p-P\y D¬]-∂-ß-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬

DXv]m-Z\w apX¬ D]-t`mKw hsc KpW-ta∑ Dd-∏p-h-cp-tØ-≠-Xns‚ Bh-

iy-IXbnte-°mWv A¥m-cmjvS hn]Wn hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂Xv!. IoS-\m-

in-\n-Iƒ, B‚n-_-tbm-ń-°p-Iƒ F∂n-h-bpsS tXmXv \nb-¥nX ]cn-

[n-bnepw Ipd-bv°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w Imen-Øo-‰-bn¬ P¥p-P\y t]mó≥

tN¿°mØ, arK-kw-c-£W coXn-bm-Wm-hiyw. £y-kp-c-£m-am¿K-ßƒ

N¿® sNø-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ sNdp-In-S, \ma-amX I¿j-I¿°v DXv]m-Z\w


apX¬ hn]-W-\w-hsc Ah-ew-_n-°m-hp∂ ]cn-]m-e\ X¥-ßƒ Bh-

iy-am-Wv.

P¥p-P\y DXv]-∂-ß-fpsS kpc-£n-XXzw hne-bn-cp-Øm≥

A¥m-cmjvS Xe-Øn-ep≈ aq∂v GP≥kn-I-fmWv WTO, Codex, OIEF∂nh. DXv]m-Z\w apX¬ hn]-W\w hsc-bp≈ B[p-\nIhXvI-cWw

`£y-kp-c-£nX-Xzhpw KpW-ta-∑bpw Dd-∏m-°pw. CXn-\mbn GMP (GoodManufacturing Practices), HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points),SOP, GRP (Good Retail Practices) F∂nh A\p-h¿Øn-°-Ww. DXv]m-Z-\-s®-

ehv Ipd-bv°m-\p≈ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ°v ap≥K-W\ \¬I-Ww.

KpW-ta∑ hne-bn-cp-Øm≥ Residue Monotoring, self Monitoring System,Customer Satisfaction Needs F∂nh Bh-iy-am-Wv.

hnI-kn-X-cm-Py-ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ DXv]-∂-ßƒ°v IqSnb Cd-°p-

aXn Xocph Npa-Øp-∂-tXm-sSm∏w Ib-‰p-a-Xnbv°v Db¿∂ k_vkn-

Unbpw C¥y \¬tI-≠-Xp-≠v. SPS (Sanitory and physto Sanitary) \n_-‘-

\-Iƒ ]men-°p∂-tXm-sSm∏w Db¿∂ KpW-\n-e-hmcw Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øm≥

km[n-°pw. 2020-˛-Hm-Sp-IqSn C¥y°v temI `£y-irwJ-e-bn¬ Gsd

apt∂-dm≥ CXv klm-b-I-am-Ipw. Food safty and standards Act 2006 \nehn¬

h∂-tXmsS £y-kw-kvI-c-W-ta-J-e-bn¬ Gsd km[y-X-I-fmWv ssIh-

∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.


hyh-km-b-h-XvI-c-Whp Ib-‰p-aXnbpw

hyh-km-bn-Im-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ arK-kw-c-£W coXn-Iƒ°v

cmPy-Øp-S-\ofw ]m[m-\y-ta-dn-h-cn-I-bm-Wv. Cu am‰w tIc-f-Ønepw

Zriy-ambn XpS-ßn-bn-´p-≠v. CXv a\- n-em-°n-s°m≠v arK-kw-cw-£-W

hIp∏v kwL-Sn-∏n-°p∂ \nt£-]I kwK-a-ßƒ, ^manßv coXn-Iƒ,

]cn-N-cW am¿§-ßƒ, em`\-jvS-°-W-°p-Iƒ, DXv]-∂-ssh-hn-[y-h-XvI-

c-Ww, Ib-‰p-a-Xn, ssPh-Irjn, ^mw Sqdn-kw, aen-\o-I-cW \nb-¥Ww,

b¥-h-XvI-c-Ww, kmº-ØnI klmbw, k_vkn-Un-Iƒ XpS-ßnb hnj-

b-ß-fn¬ Du∂¬ \¬In hcp-∂p.

hmWnPym-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ^mw XpS-ßp-∂-Xn\p ap≥]v sh≈w,

sshZyp-Xn, KXm-K-X ku-Icyw

F∂n -hbv°v ap≥K-W\

\¬IWw. Xo‰-∏p√v Irjn-sN-

øm-hp∂ ÿe-ß-fn¬ ^mw

IqSp-X¬ em`I-c-am-bn-cn-°pw.

Ipd™ sNe-hn¬

sXmgpØv, IqSv F∂nh \n¿Ωn-

°-Ww. ^mans‚ `uXnI

kuI-cy-ßƒ Hcp-°p-∂-Xn-

\mbn h≥XpI hn\n-tbm-Kn-°-

cp-Xv. P¥p-P\y DXv]-∂-ß-fpsS DXv]m-Z\w apX¬ hn]-W\w hsc £y-

kp-c-£m-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ A\p-h¿Øn-°-Ww. Good Retail Practices (GRP) AXy-

¥m-t]-£n-X-amWv. DXv]∂ sshhn-[y-h¬°-cWw ]mh¿Øn-I-am-°-Ww.

Ib-‰p -aXn e£y-an´ v ]h¿Øn-°p∂ ^map -Iƒ `£y

kpc£nXXz (Food safety) \n_-‘-\-Iƒ I¿i-\-ambn ]men-°Ww.

amen\y \n¿am¿÷-\-Øn\v ÿmbn-bmb kwhn-[m\w G¿s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww.


^map-Iƒ IqSp-X¬ Bcw-`n-°p-tºm-gp-≠m-Ip∂ ]mcn-ÿn-XnI ]iv\-

Øn\v ap¥nb ]cn-K-W\ \¬I-Ww.

ssPthm-ev]-∂-ß-tfm-Sp≈ D]-t`m-‡m-°-fpsS XmXv]cyw ssPh-

Ir-jn -ta-Je (Organic farming) bpsS km[y-X-Iƒ h¿[n-∏n-°p-∂p. ssPh-

Ir-jnbv°p th≠ apJy LS-Ißfn-sem∂v I∂p-Im-en-h-f¿Ø-emWv.

]cn-ÿn-Xn-°n-W-ßnb hnt\mZ k©mc hnI-k-\-Øn¬ Ct°m-

Sq-dn-k-Øns‚ `mK-am-bp≈ ^mw Sqdn-k-Øn\pw Gsd km[y-X-I-fp-≠v.

tIc-f-Ønse Irjn-co-Xn-Iƒ, mw ^jv DXv]-∂-ßƒ, cpNn-°p∂ £y-

hn- -h-ßƒ F∂nh ka-\z-bn-∏n®v mw Sqdnkw hnI-kn-∏n-°m-hp-∂-XmWv.

]∂n-^m-ap-I-fnse amen\y ]iv\-ßƒ C∂v Gsd N¿® sNø-

s∏´p hcp-∂p. CXn-\mbn aen-\o-I-cW \nb-¥W t_m¿Uns‚ \n_-

‘-\-Ifpw ]men-°-Ww. ^mw XpS-ßm-\m-h-iy-amb aqe-[-\-Øns‚ 5˛8

iX-am-\-tØmfw amen\y \n¿am¿÷-\-Øn\v \o°n hbvt°≠n hcpw.

DXv]-\vß-fpsS KpW-ta∑ hne-bn-cp-Øm≥ Pn.-F¬.]n. GLP (GoodLaboratory Practices) D≈ et_m-d-´-dn-Iƒ Bcw`n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. sk≥S¬

C≥Ãn-‰yq´v Hm^v ^nj-dokv sSIvt\m-fPn (CIFT) bpsS kl-I-c-W-

tØmsS arK-kw-c-£-W-h-Ip∏ns‚ ssehvtÃm°v s]mUIvSvkv

C≥kvs]-£≥ em_v sIm®n-bn¬ ]h¿Øn-®p-h-cp-∂p.

Cd®n kwkvI-cW˛hn-]-W\ taJ-e-I-fn¬ tIc-f-Øn\v A\¥

km[y-X-I-fm-Wn-∂p-≈Xv. DXv]∂ sshhn-[y-h-XvI-c-W-Øn-eqsS Dt]m-

Xv]-∂-ßƒ ]mgm-ImsX kwkvI-cn-°mw.

GXp ^manßv coXnbv°pw Akw-kvIrX hkvXp-°-fpsS e`y-

X-bmWv ][m-\w. tIcfØnse Imem-h-ÿ-bv°n-W-ßnb I∂p-Imen

P\p- p-Iƒ°v ap≥K-W\ \¬tI-≠-Xp-≠v. Xmc-X-tay\ A¥-co-£-Xm-

]-\ne Ipd™ ae-tbm-c-ta-J-e-I-fn¬ ip≤-P-\p- p-Isf hf¿Øm-hp-

∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ a‰p taJ-e-I-fn¬ k¶-c-bn\w tPgvkn, tlmƒkv‰o≥

^ojy≥ C\-ßƒ°v ]m[m\yw \¬tI-≠-Xp-≠v.

BSp-h-f¿Ø-en¬ ae-_m-dn, A -∏mSn ªm°v, k¶-c-bn\w F∂n-

hsb t]m’m-ln-∏n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. Xcn-imbn°nS-°p∂ ÿe-ß-fn¬

Xo‰-∏p√v Irjn sNbvXv hcp-am\w t\Sm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

km£-c-X-bn¬ ap∂n´p \n¬°p∂ tIc-f-Øn\v `£y-kp-c-

£bn¬ Gsd apt∂-dm\p≠v. Bh-iy-amb Imen-Øo-‰-bpsS 55 iX-am-

\-tØmfw kao-IrX Xo‰ amXta tIc-f-Øn¬ DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-

≈q. _m°n Ab¬ kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂mWv tIc-f-Øn-se-Øp-∂-Xv.

Imen-Øo-‰-bpsS KpW-ta∑ DXv]-∂-ß-fpsS KpW-\n-e-hmcw Db¿Øm≥

klm-bn-°pw.


Btcm-Ky-Øn\p lm\n-I-c-amb amwk-Øn\p _Zembn apb-en-d-

®n°v ]m[m-\y-ta-dn-h-cp-∂p. Ipd™ sImf-Ãvsdm-fns‚ Afhpw IqSnb

]P-\-\-\n-c°pw IqSp-X¬ em`w e`n-°m≥ hgn-sbm-cp-°p-∂p.

BtKm-fo-I-c-W-Øns‚ ]›m-Øe-Øn¬ Cd-®n, ]m¬, ap´

F∂nh KpW-ta-∑-tbmsS Ipd™ sNe-hn¬ \n¿Ωn®v hn]-Wn-bn-se-

Øn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.

^map-I-fn¬ b¥-h-Xv°-cWw ]mh¿Øn-I-am-°p-∂Xv DXv]∂

ipNnXzw Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp-∂-tXm-sSm∏w DXv]m-Z-\-s®-ehv Ipd-bv°m\pw

klm-bn-°pw. kwtbm-PnX Irjn, kΩni Irjn F∂n-h-bpsS km[y-

X-Iƒ ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-tØ≠-Xp-≠v.


hntZ-i- manßv co-Xn-Iƒ

hnIknXcm-Py-ßfn¬ I∂p-Imen hf¿Ø-en¬ ]men\pw Cd-

®n°pw th≠n sht∆sd C\-ßƒ Xs∂-bp-≠v. ]mep-Xv]m-Z\w e£y-

an´v hntZ-i-P-\p- p-I-fmb tPgvkn, tlmƒÃo≥ ^ojy≥, sKc≥kn

apX-em-b-hsb hf¿Øn hcp-∂p.

hnI-kn-X-cm-Py-ß-fnse arK-]-cn-]m-e\ coXn-Iƒ XnI®pw hyXy-

kvX-am-Wv. ta®n¬ ]pd-ßƒ btY-jvS-ap≈ ChnsS h≥In-S-^m-ap-I-fn-

em-bmWv ]ip, BSv, sNΩ-cn-bm-Sv, ]∂n, tImgn, S¿°n F∂n-hsb

hf¿Øp-∂-Xv.

Hcp ^man¬ Ipd-™Xv 500 ]ip-°-sf-¶n-ep-ap-≠m-Ipw. hnf-sh-

Sp-∏n\p tij-ap≈ tNmfw, tNmf-s∏mSn, Im¿jnI Dt]m-Xv]-∂-ßƒ,

tKmXºv XpS-ßnb Xo‰ hkvXp-°ƒ°pw tNcp-h-Iƒ°pw ChnsS £ma-

an-√. Hmtcm ÿe-sØbpw Xo‰ hkvXp-°-fpsS e`y-X-b-\p-kcn®mWv

Imen-h-f¿Ø¬ coXn-Iƒ. t]m´o≥ Im-en-Øo‰ e`n-°p∂ ÿe-ß-fn¬

Cd-®n-°p-th-≠n-bp≈ C\-ßƒ, `£y-kw-kvI-cW bqWn-‰n\v kao]w

]∂n hf¿Ø¬ F∂nh A\p-h¿Øn®p hcp-∂p. ]mep-ev]m-Z-\-Øn\pw,

Cd-®n-bp-ev]m-Z-\-Øn\pw ]tXyIw taJ-e-I-fp-≠v. I∂p-Im-en-^m-ap-Iƒ

\Kc ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ \n∂v amdn ]m¥ ]tZ-i-ß-fn-em-Wv. \K-c-ß-fn¬

Hma-\-ar-KßfmWv IqSp-X¬.

^map-Iƒ b¥-h-XvIr-Xhpw Iw]yq-´¿hXvIr-XhpamWv. IpSpw-

_mw-K-ßƒ Xs∂-bmWv ^mw \S-Øp-∂-Xv. Imen-t^m¿Wn-b-bnepw

s]≥kn¬hm-\n-b-bnepw Family Labour System ]mh¿Øn-I-am°n hcp-∂p.

hn]Wn e£y-an-´p≈ DXv]m-Z\ ]In-b-bmWv \SØn hcp-∂-

Xv. h≥InS £y-irw-J-e-Ifpw (Food chain) kq∏¿am¿°-‰p-I-fp-ap≈ Kq∏p-

I-fmWv ]mepw ]mep-Xv]-∂ßfpw I¿j-I-cn¬ \n∂pw kw`-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Market Integration ChnsS ]q¿Æ-ambpw ]men-°-s∏-´p-h-cp∂p.


DXv]∂ ipNn-Xzw, KpW-ta-∑-X-¥w, Xo‰-I-a-˛-]-cn-N-cW coXn-

Iƒ, HACCP F∂n-hbv°v ap≥K-W\ \¬Inhcp-∂p. hn]p-e-amb arK-Nn-

In’m kwhn-[m-\hpap-≠v.

^map-I-fnse ssZ\w-Zn\ Imcy-ßƒ, AXym-hiy NnIn-’, IrXn-

a-_o-Pm-[m-\w, IpØn-sh-∏p-Iƒ F∂nh I¿j-I¿ Xs∂-bmWv \S-Øp-

∂-Xv. I¿j-I¿°p th≠n 3˛6 amk-ß-tfmfw \o≠p \n¬°p∂

Hm¨sse≥ ]cn-io-e\ ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n®p hcp-∂p.

£otcm-Xv]m-Z\w˛B-tKmf \n_-‘-\-Iƒ

C¥y≥ £otcm-Xv]m-ZI taJ-e-bn¬ 96000-˛-tØmfw ]m¬ kl-

I-cW kwL-ß-fp-≠v. 10 Zi-e-£-tØmfw £ocI¿j-I-cn¬ \n∂pw

kw -cn-°p∂ ]m¬ hn¬∏\ \S-Øm-\mbn 15 kwÿm\ ]m¬ hn]-W\

s^U-td-j-\p-I-fn-embn 170-˛-Hmfw kl-I-cW £ntcm-Xv]m-Z\ bqWn-b-

\p-Iƒ ]h¿Øn®p hcp-∂p. KmaoW taJ-e-bn¬ C¥y-bnse £ochyh-

kmb taJe hnP-b-I-c-ambn ]h¿Øn°p∂-Xn\v tZiob £oc-hn-I-k-

\-t_m¿Uns‚ (NDDB) ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ klm-b-I-amW.v tIc-f-Øn¬

B\µv amXr-I-bnepw, ]c-º-cm-KX taJ-e-bn-ep-ap≈ £oc kl-I-cW

kwL-ßƒ ]h¿Øn®p hcp-∂p. kwL-SnXtaJ-e-bn-ep≈ ]m¬ hn]-

W-\-amWv Ch e£y-an-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. kwÿm\ Xe-Øn¬ an¬abpw

(Kerala State Milk Co-operative Federataion)taJ-em-X-e-Øn¬ ae-_m¿, Fd-Wm-

Ipfw, Xncp -h -\ -¥-]pcw taJem

£otcm -ev]m -Z\ bqWn-b-\p -Ifpw

]h¿Øn®p hcp∂p. ]m¬, kw`-cWw,

kwkvI-cWw F∂n-h-bn¬ KpW-\n-e-

hmcw, DXv]m-Z-\-£-aX D]-t`m‡r

t_m[-h¬°-cWw F∂nh Gsd

]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p-∂p.

]mep-ev]m-Z-\-Øn¬ KpW-ta-∑-tbm-sS-bp≈ DXv]m-Z-\-]-Iob

DXv]-∂ß-fpsS KpW-\n-e-hmcw Db¿Øm\pw `£y-kp-c-£n-XXzw \ne-

\n¿Øm\pw klm-bn-°pw.

A¥m-cmjvS \ne-hm-c-Øn¬ ]men-s‚bpw ]mep-ev]-∂-ß-fp-

sSbpw hn]-W-\-Øn¬ KpW-ta∑ hne-bn-cp-Øp∂ Codex AlimentariusCommission (codex) s‚ ]h¿Ø\w Gsd ]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p-∂p. A¥m-

cmjvS Xe-Øn¬ t£ym-Xv]-∂-ß-fpsS KpW-\n-e-hmcw hne-bn-cp-Øp∂

kzX¥ GP≥kn-bm-Wn-Xv. ]m¬, ]mep-Xv]-∂-ßƒ F∂n-hbv°v th≠n


Codex Committee for Milk and Milk Products (CCMMP) ]h¿Øn®p hcp-∂p.

A¥m-cmjvS Ib-‰p-a-Xn-bn¬ Codex \n_-‘-\-Iƒ I¿i-\-ambpw ]men-

t°-≠-Xp-≠v.

`£y-kp-c-£n-XXz taJ-e-bn¬ ]men-s‚bpw ]mep-ev]-∂-ß-fp-

tSbpw Imcy-Øn¬ Xmsg sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ Xmsg-s°m-Sp-Øn-cn-°p∂

\n_-‘-\-I-ƒ Bhiy-am-Wv.

1. AWp-Po-hn-kwJy Ipd-™n-cn-°Ww

2. tcmKmWp°ƒ C√m-Xn-cn-°Ww

3. sh‰-dn-\dn acp-∂p-I-fpsS Ah-in-jvS-ßƒ Hgn-hm-°Ww

4. AWp-Po -hn -Ifn¬ \n∂p≈ hnjmw -i-Øns‚ tXmXv

\njvI¿jn-°p∂ ]cn-[n-bnepw Ipd-hm-bn-cn-°-Ww.


BtKmf km[y-X-Iƒ

C¥y-bn¬ Irjn-bpsS A\p-_-‘-L-S-I-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ arK-

kw-c-£-W-ta-Je Ign™ aq∂p ]Xn-‰m≠p Ime-b-f-hn¬ h≥ hf¿®m

\nc°p ssIh-cn-®n-´p-≠v. tImgn-hf¿Øenepw I∂p-Imen hf¿Ø-en-

ep-amWv Cu am‰w Gsd ]I-Sw. 2020 ˛Hm-Sp-IqSn Cd-®n-bp-Xv]m-Z\

cwKØv 60% hpw ]mep-ev]m-Z-\-ta-J-e-bn¬ 50% hpw hf¿® ssIh-cn-°m-

\mWv e£y-an-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Kmao-W-ta-J-e-bn¬ 70% t]cpw A[n-I-h-cp-

am-\-Øn-\mbn arK-kw-c-£W taJ-esb Bi-bn-°p-∂p. Ch-cn¬ kvXo

]¶m-fnØw 90% am\-Øn¬ A[n-I-am-Wv. F∂m¬ tZiob Xe-Øn¬

arK-kw-c-£-W-ta-J-e-bp-ambn _‘-s∏´p ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-cpsS FÆw

4.88%˛¬ \n∂v 2.9%˛ambn Ipd-bp-∂p-sh-∂mWv ÿnXn-hn-h-c-°-W-°p-Iƒ

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

hnI-kn-X-cm-Py-ß-fn-te-Xp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ \ΩpsS

arK-kw-c-£-W-coXn hfsc hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. hnI-knX cmPy-ß-fn¬

h≥In-S-^m-ap-I-fn-emWv I∂p-Im-en-Isf hf¿Øp-∂-Xv. C¥y-bn-¬ `qcn-

`m-Khpw sNdp-In-S, \ma-amX I¿j-I-cmWv Cu cwKØp ]h¿Øn-°p-

∂-Xv.

Imem-\p-kr-X-amb hf¿®-sb-t∂mWw C∂v arK-kw-c-£-W-ta-

J-e-bn¬ hymh-km-bn-Im-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ am‰w (Commercial outlook)I≠pXpS-ßn-bn-´p-≠v. hnI-kn-X-cm-Py-ßsf At]-£n®v ]mep-ev]m-Z-\-

s®-ehv Ipd™ cmPy-amWv C¥y. F∂m¬ BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-W-Øn-s‚

]Xn-^-e-\-sa-t∂mWw C¥y-bn¬ k_vknUn \n¿Ø-em-°n-bXpw, hnI-

kn-X-cm-Py-ßƒ Protection F∂ -t]-cn¬ k_vknUn \¬Ip∂Xpw hnI-

kn-X-cm-Py-ßsf At]-£n®v DXv]m-Z-\-s®-ehv Iq´m≥ CS-h-cp-Øn-bn-´p-

≠v. X∑qew A¥m-cm-jvS hn]-Wnbn¬ hnI-kzc cmPy-ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈

DXv]-∂-ßƒ°v ]mapJyw e`n-°p-∂n-√. DXv]-∂-ß-fpsS KpW-ta∑

A¥m-cm-jvS hn]-Wn-bn¬ I¿i-\-ambn ]men-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v.


Cd-°p-aXn Np¶w Npa-Øn-b-Xn-eqsS, Ata-cn-°-bn¬ \n∂p≈

tImgn-°m-ep-I-fpsS hchp XS-bm≥ Ign-s™-¶nepw ioe¶ hgn CXv

Nn°≥ tkmtk-Pmbn C¥y-bn-se-Øp-∂p F∂-XmWv A¤p-X-I-c-amb

hkvXp-X.

hntZ-i-hn-]-Wn-bn¬ Gsd km[y-X-I-fp≈ ]mep-Xv]-∂-amWv

Nokv, \n¿`m-Ky-h-im¬ KpW-ta-∑-bp≈ Nokns‚ DXv]m-Z\-Øn¬ \mw

]ndIn-em-Wv.

ta®n¬∏p-d-ßƒ, Irjn-bn-S-ßƒ F∂n-h-bpsS hnkvXr-Xn-bn-ep≈

Ipdhv Xo‰-∏p¬ Zu¿e`yw, Xo‰-hne F∂nh Cu taJ-e-bnse ]cn-an-Xn-

I-fn¬ Nne-Xm-Wv. Ign™ 20 h¿j-°m-e-b-f-hn¬ ]mens‚ hne-bn¬

50%˛hpw ImenØo‰ hne-bn¬ 45%˛hpw h¿≤-\bp-≠m-bn.

18˛m-aXv I∂p-Imen sk≥k- n¬ tIc-f-Øn¬ F√m arK-ß-

fpsS FÆ-Ønepw ap≥Im-e-ßsf At]-£n®v Ipdhv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-

´p-≠v. F∂m¬ tZiob

Xe-Øn¬ 1992 apX¬

I∂p -Im -e n -I -f psS

FÆ-Øn¬ amXta

Ipdhv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-

bn -´p≈q! DXv]m -

Z\£aX Ipd™

\mS≥ ]ip-°ƒ k¶-

c-bn-\-ambn amdn-bXv

I∂p -Im -e n -I -f psS

FÆw Ipd -b v°m -

\p≈ Imc-W-ß-fn¬

H∂mbn Icp-Xmw.

BSp-I-fpsS FÆ-Øn¬ h¿≤-\hv tcJs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v. Xo‰-

∏p¬ Zu¿e`yw, \K-c-h-Xv°-cWw, B´n-d-®n-bpsS D]-tbmKw F∂nh

CXn\v hgn-sbm-cp-°n-bn-´p-≠v.

temI-Øn¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ ]mep-ev]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ cmPy-amb

C¥y-bn¬ DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ ]men¬ 54% hpw Imen-k-º-Øns‚

aq∂n-sem-t∂mfw hcp∂ Fcp-a-I-fn¬ \n∂m-Wv. tIc-f-Øn¬ \S-∏nem-

°p∂ tKmc£m ]≤Xn Ipf-ºp-tcmKw \nb-¥n-°p-hm\pw ]mep-ev]m-

Z\w h¿≤n-∏n-°p-hm\pw klm-bn-®p-h-cp-∂p. Fcp-a-I-fpsS FÆ-Ønepw

kwÿm-\Øv Ipdhv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. BtKmf hn]-Wn-bn¬


t]mØn-d-®n°v ]nb-ta-dp-tºmƒ tIc-f-Øn¬ Fcp-a-I-fpsS FÆw 60000

¬ Xmsg amXamWv.

hymh-km-bn-Im-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ ap´-t°m-gn- h-f¿Ø¬ tIc-f-

Øn¬ em`-I-c-a-√. F∂m¬ Ipd™ apX¬ap-S-°p≈ ho´p-ap-‰sØ

tImgn-h-f¿Ø¬, Xmdm-hp-h-f¿Ø¬ F∂n-hbv°v km[y-X-I-fp-≠v.

Cd-®n-t°mgn hn]Wn C∂v Dbn¿sØgpt∂¬∏ns‚ ]mX-bn-em-

Wv. A`y-¥c tImgn-bp-Xv]m-Z\w, hn]-W-\w, F∂o taJ-e-Iƒ IqSp-

X¬ kPo-h-am-Im≥ CXp-]-I-cn-°pw.

tIc-f-Øn¬ ]∂n-I-fpsS FÆ-Ønepw ]Ip-Xn-bn-e-[nIw Ipdhv

tcJ-s∏-SpØnbn´p≠v. aen-\o-I-cW ]iv\-ß-fm-Wn-Xn\v apJy-Im-c-Ww.

]mcn-ÿn-XnI ]iv\-ßƒ ]cn-l-cn®v k¿°m¿ \n_-‘-\-Iƒ A\p-

h¿Øn®v ]∂n-^m-ap-Iƒ em`-I-c-ambn \S-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬ shPn-t‰-dn-b-\nkw Gsd hn]p-e-s∏´p hcp-

∂p. F∂m¬ t]mó≥ \yq\X ]iv\-amb C¥y-sb-t∏msebp≈ hnI-

kzc cmPy-ßƒ°v Ipd™ sNe-hn¬ e`n-°p∂ P¥p-P\y t]mó-

\mWv GI Bi-bw.

ssPh-Ir-jn-bpsS km[y-X-Iƒ ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-tXm-

sSm∏w Ipd™ ÿeØv IqSp-X¬ DXv]m-Z\w km[y-am-°m-\mbn Irjn,

-ar-K-kw-c-£Ww, a’yw hf¿Ø¬ F∂nh ka-\z-bn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p≈

kwtbm-PnX Irjn-co-Xn-Ifpw t]m’m-ln-∏n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.

]∂n-^m-ap-ambn kwtbm-Pn-∏n®v a’yw hf¿Ømw. CXv aen-\o-

I-cW ]iv\-ßƒ Hc-f-hp-hsc \nb-¥n-°m≥ klm-bn-°pw.

Ipd™ ÿeØv IqSp-X¬ Irjn-co-Xn-Iƒ°pX-Ip∂ kΩn-

i-Ir-jn°pw km[y-X-I-fn-∂p-≠v. ]ip, BSv, apb¬, tImgn-h-f¿Ø¬

F∂nh Bcw-`n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

]Ir-Xn-°n-W-ßn-bXpw ]mcn-ÿn-XnI ]iv\ ßƒ krjvSn-°m-

Ø-Xp-amb kpÿnc Irjnbv°v (Sustainable farming) A¥m-cmjvSXe-

Øn¬ ]m[m\yw e`n®p hcp-∂p.

arK-kw-c-£-W- ta-J-e-bn¬ Db¿∂ DXv]m-Z\£aX ssIh-cn-

°m≥ sa®-s∏´ P\p- p-Isf hf¿Øp-∂-tXm-sSm∏w imkvXob Xo‰-

Iaw, ]cn-Nm-c-W-ap-dIƒ, tcmK-\n-b-¥-W- am¿Kßƒ F∂nh A\p-

h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw thWw.

Xo‰ \n¿Ωm-W -cw-KØv \nc-h[n \ho\ kmt¶-XnIhnZy-Iƒ

C∂v A\p-h¿Øn®p hcp-∂p. ss_∏m-kv t]m-ó≥ Xo‰, ss_∏m-kv

sImgp∏v Xo‰, bqdn-b- -sam-fm-k v tªm°v, Total Milk Ration (TMR), bqdnb


kw]p-jvSo-I-c-Ww, ssht°m¬ s]√-‰p-Iƒ, tl \¿ΩmWw, Xo‰-

∏p¬Irjn F∂nh Ch-bn¬ Nne-Xm-Wv.

hn⁄m\ hym]\ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ Du¿÷n-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv

imkvXob Xo‰-Ia ]cn-N-c-W-ap-d-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°m≥ I¿j-Isc klm-

bn-°pw. ]©m-bØptXmdp-ap≈ arKm-ip-]-Xn-Iƒ tIc-f-Øns‚ amXw

]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv. \qX\ Kth-j-W ^-eßƒ, _tbm-sS-Ivt\m-fPn apX-

em-bh arKNnIn’mcwKØv ]tbm-P-\-s∏-SpØn hcp-∂p. kmwI-anI

tcmK-ß-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬ ]Xn-tcm-[-Ip-Øn-shbv]v ap≥K-W\

\¬IWw. Good manufacturing Practices (GMP) ]men-°p∂ hmIvkn≥ DXv]m-

Z\ tIµ-ßƒ, R&D bqWn-‰p-Iƒ F∂nh AXym-h-iy-amWv arK-kw-c-

£W hIp-∏ns‚ Iogn¬ Xncn-h-\¥-]pcw Pn√-bnse ]mtemSv ]h¿Øn-

°p∂ Institute of AnimalHealth and VeterinaryBiologicals Ch-bn¬

][m-\-s∏-´ -h-bm-Wv.

et_m-d-´-dn-I-fn¬ Goodlaboratory Practices (GLP)Dd -∏ p -h - c p -Øp -∂X v

tcmK-\n¿Æ-b-Ønepw

NnIn-’-bnepw ]pØ≥ DW¿th-Ipw.

tIc-f-ØnepXv]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ ]men¬ 18% ¬ Xmsg amXta kwL-

SnX taJ-e-bn-eqsS hn]-W\w \S-Øp-∂p-≈q. _m°n-bp≈ ]mepw

ap´bpw Cd-®nbpw I¿j-I¿ t\cn´v hn¬]\- -\-S-Øp-∂Xv AkwL-SnX

taJ-e-bn-eqsSbmWv. KpW-ta-∑-bp≈ CXv]-∂-ßƒ D]-t`m-‡m-°ƒ°v

Xmßm-hp∂ hne°v imkvXob hn]-W\ X¥-ßƒ Bhn-jvI-cn®v e`y-

am-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.

Hma-\-ar-K-ß-fp-sSbpw ]£n-I-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-e-\-Øn¬ h≥

am‰w tIc-f-Øn¬ I≠p XpS-ßn-bn-´p≠v. \mbsb ho´p-Im-h-en-se-∂-Xn-

\p-]cn k¥-X-k-l-Nm-cn-sb∂ \ne-bn-emWv ]ecpw Icp-Xp∂-Xv.


Dev]m-Z-\-s®-ehv Ipd-bv°m-≥

Gjy≥ cm-Py-ß-ƒ £ochyh-kmb taJ-e-bn¬ Ign™ Im¬

\q‰m≠p Ime-b-f-hn¬ h≥ hf¿®m \nc°v ssIh-cn-®n-´p-≠v. 2020

HmSpIqSn temI-Øm-h-iy-amb £otcm-ev]-∂-ß-fn¬ 60% Gjy≥ cmPy-

ß-fn¬ \n∂pw CXn¬ Xs∂ 30% hpw C¥y-, ssN\ F∂o cmPy-ß-

fn¬ \n∂p-am-bn-cn°psa∂mWv IW-°p-Iƒ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

£oc-ta-J-e-bn¬ cmPyØv hymh-km-bn-Im-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈

apt∂‰w IqSp-X-embn I≠p hcp-∂p. F∂m¬ 2˛3 ]ip-°-sf

hf¿Øp∂ sNdp-InS \ma-amX bqWn-‰p-Iƒ 90% Ønte-sd-bm-Wv.

h¿≤n® DXv]m-Z-\-s®-eh,v Ipd-bp∂ Dev]m-Z\ £a-X F∂nh

£otcm-ev]m-Z\taJ-e-bnse ]Xn-k-‘n-I-fn¬ Nne-Xm-Wv. cmPyØv

Ign™ c≠p h¿j°meb-f-hn¬ Imen-Øo-‰-bpsS hne-bn¬ 60% h¿≤-

\-hp-≠m-bn-´p-≠v.

]mep-ev]m-Z-\-s®-ehv Ipd-bv°p-∂-Xn-\pw, Xo‰-∏p¬Irjn

t]m’m-ln-∏n-°m-\p-apX-Ip∂ \n¿t±-i-ßƒ £oc-I¿j-I¿°v Gsd

Bizm-k-I-c-ambncn°pw. sXmgn-ep-d∏v ]≤Xn £otcm-ev]m-ZI taJ-e-

I-fn¬ IqSp-X-embn Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw Gsd ]tbm-P-\-s∏Spw. £oc-

hy-h-kmb taJ-ebv°v `£y-kw-kvI-cW taJ-ebv°v e`n-°p∂ B\p-

Iq-ey-ßƒ A\p-h-Zn-®m¬ IqSp-X¬ sXmgn¬ kwcw`-I¿ Cu taJe

sXc-s™-Sp-°pw. F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ £o-c-hy-h-km-b-Øn\v Im¿jn-I-ta-

J-e-bvt°m, hyh-kmb taJ-ebvt°m A\p-h-Zn-°p∂ ]cn-K-W\/Cf-

hp-Iƒ e`n-°p-∂n-√. hmbv]-°p≈ ]eni \nc°v IqSp-Xem-Wv. tkh\

\nIpXn Ipd-bv°p-∂-Xpw, VAT \nIpXn ¢n]vX-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw IqSp-X¬

BZmbw Dd∏p hcp-Øpw.

`£y-kp-c-£n-X-Xz-Øn\v IqSp-X¬ ]m[m\yw \¬In hcp-

tºmƒ KpW-ta∑ Dd∏p hcp-Øp∂ sajn-\p-Iƒ, ]mt°-PnwKv D]-I-c-


W-ßƒ F∂n-hsb IÃw-kv, FIvsskkv Xocp-h-bn¬ \n∂pw Hgn-hm-

°p∂ \n¿t±-i-ßƒ Gsd ]tbm-P-\-I-c-am-bn-cn-°pw. sImf-kvtSm-fns‚

Afhv Ipd™ £otcm-ev]-∂-ßƒ, ]pfn-∏n® £otcm-ev]-∂-ßƒ F∂n-

h-bpsS D]-t`mKw h¿≤n-∏n-°m≥ \nIpXn \nc°v Ipd-bvt°-≠-Xp-≠v.

I∂p-Im-en-h-f¿Ø-ens‚ sNe-hn¬ 75%hpw Imen-Øo-‰bv°v

th≠n hcp∂Xn\m¬ Imen-Øo-‰-bnse tNcp-h-I-fpsS hne-Ip-d-bv°m≥

Cd-°p-aXn Xocph Ipd-bv°p-∂-Xv \√-Xm-Wv. arKNnIn-’m- acp-∂p-I-

fpsS hne Ipd-bv°p-∂Xv NnIn-’m-s®-ehv Ipd-bv°m≥ klm-bn-°pw.

BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬ Imen-Øo-‰bv°v ]Icw IqSp-X¬ Xo‰∏p√v

\¬In ]ip-h-f¿Ø¬ BZm-b-I-c-am-°m-\p≈ ]h-W-X-Iƒ \S∂p hcp-

∂p. Kth-jW ^e-ßƒ I¿j-I-cn-se-Øn-°m≥ Im¿jnI hn⁄m\

hym]\ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ, Ib-‰p-aXn e£y-an-´p-sIm-≠p≈ DXv]m-Z\w,

hn]Wn e£y-an´psIm≠p≈ DXv]m-Z\ ]In-b, lcn-X -Kr-l-hm-X-I-

ß-fpsS Afhv Ipd-bv°m\pw, DXv]m-Z-\-s®-ehv Ipd-bv°m\pw, ]mcn-ÿn-

XnI ]iv\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®pap≈ Kth-j-W-Øn\pw ap¥nb ]cn-K-W\ Bh-

iy-am-Wv.

arK-kw-c-£-W-ta-J-e-bn¬ \n∂pw kwcw`-I-cpsS sImgn™p

t]m°v, bph-Xnbp-hm-°fpsS Xm¬]-cy-°p-dhv F∂nh IW-°n-se-SpØv

ÿmbn-bmb kzbw sXmgn¬ kwcw`ßƒ°v cq]w sImSp-t°-≠-Xp≠v.


hn]W\w imkvXobamIWw

temI `£y Im¿jnI kwLS\bpsS IW°\pkcn®v 300

Zi-e£w P\ßƒ C∂v temIØv ]ńWnbnemWv. BtKmfXeØn¬

`£ykpc£m ]Xnk‘n \ne\n¬°ptºmƒ hnIknX, hnIkzc

cmPyßƒ CXv XcWw sNøm\mbn hnhn[ ]≤XnIƒ Bhnjv°cn®v

\S∏nem°n hcp∂p.

`£ykpc£ ]cnlcn°m≥ t]mó≥ ASßnb

`£yhkvXp°fpsS Dev]mZ\w ]Xn≥aSßv h¿≤n∏nt°≠Xp≠v.

F∂m¬ Ipd™ Imebfhn¬ `£ykpc£ ]cnlcn°m\pw, t]mjI

\yq\X AI‰m\pw P¥pP\y t]mó≥ Dev]∂ßƒ°v amXta

km[n°q. AXn\m¬ P¥pP\y t]mó≥ DdhnSßfmb ]m¬, Cd®n,

ap´ F∂nhbpsS Dev]mZ\w h¿≤n∏nt°≠Xp≠v. Cu hkvXpX

IW°nseSpØv Im¿jnI taJebpsS A\p_‘ taJebmb

arKkwc£W taJebv°v ap¥nb ]cnKW\ e`n®p hcp∂p.

P¥pP\y Dev]∂ßfpsS D]t`mKØn¬ cmPyØv 4˛5%

˛tØmfw h¿≤\hv tcJs∏SpØnbn´p≠v. h¿≤n® BhiyØn

\\pkcn®v Dev]mZ\hpw Dev]mZ\£aXbpw h¿≤n∏nt°≠Xv

A\nhmcyamWv.

C¥y, ]m¬, `£y[m\yßƒ, ]©kmc, tImgnbnd®n

apXembhbpsS Dev]mZ\Øn¬ ap≥ \ncbnemsW¶nepw hnIknX

cmPyßsf At]£n®v Dev]mZ\£aXbn¬ ]ndInemWv. 5%˛¬ Xmsg

P¥pP\y Dev]∂ßƒ amXta C∂v Ib‰paXn sNøs∏Sp∂p≈p.

samØw Cd®nbpev]mZ\Øn¬ ssN\ C¥ysb°mƒ Gsd ap∂nemWv.

h¿≤n®phcp∂ Dev]mZ\s®ehv kpÿnc arKkwc£W

taJesb ]XnIqeambn _m[n®phcp∂p. Db¿∂p hcp∂

]mcnÿnXnI sh√phnfnIfpw Cu taJebv°v t\sc òjWn

Db¿Øp∂p.


Gsd ]XnIqeamb kmlNcyßfnepw arKkwc£W

taJebn¬ amXrIm]camb ]h¿Ø\w ImgvN hbv°m≥ tIcfØn\v

Ign™n´p≠v. hntIµoIrXmkqXWØneqsS arKkwc£W

taJebn¬ Hcp IpXn®p Ib‰w km[yam°m≥ tIcfØn\p

Ign™n´p≠v.

Dev]mZ\s®ehnep≠mIp∂ h¿≤\hv arKkwc£W

taJebnse em`hnlnXw Ipdbv°m\nShcpØnhcp∂p. AXn\m¬

Dev]mZ\w em`Icam°m≥ Dev]mZ\£aX Db¿Øp∂ tXmsSm∏w

imkvXob hn]W\am¿§ßƒ Ahew_n°Ww.

P¥pP\y Dev]∂ßfpsS hn]W\Øn¬ I¿jI\v 35% hne

e`n°ptºmƒ 65% tØmfw a[yh¿ØnIƒ°v e`n°p∂Xmbn tZiob

XeØnep≈ CLFMA IW°pIƒ kqNn∏n°p∂p.

P¥pP\y Dev∏∂ßfpsS Dev]mZ\Øn¬ ap≥Imeßfn¬

Dev]mZ\w eIvjyan´ ]Inbbv°mbncp∂p ap≥Xq°w \¬Inbncp∂Xv.

F∂m¬ C∂v tZiob Im¿jnI \bØns‚ `mKambn hn]Wn

e£yan´p≈ Dev]mZ\ ]Inbbv°v ]m[m\yw \¬Inhcp∂p.

hn]Wn e£yan´p≈ Dev]mZ\ ]Inb arKkwc£W

taJebn¬ kpÿncX ssIhcn°m≥ I¿jIsc klmbn°p∂p.

P¥pP\y Dev]∂ßfpsS hn]W\Øn¬ \nch[n Imcyßƒ

i≤nt°≠Xp≠v. Ipd™ kq£n∏pImew, thKØn¬ tISmIm\p≈

km[yX F∂nhbn¬ ap≥Xq°w \nev°p∂ P¥pP\y, a’y

Dev∏∂ßƒ Dev]mZn∏n®bpSs\ Xs∂ D]t`m‡m°fnseØn

t°≠Xp≠v. ]m¬, Cd®n, ap´ F∂nhbpsS ImcyØn¬

]tXyIcoXnbnep≈ hn]W\ X¥ßƒ Bhnjv°cnt°≠Xp≠v.

hnIknX cmPyßsf At]£n®v C¥ybn¬ 51% t]cpsSbpw

icmicn hb v 26 BWv. Cu ]mbØn¬ IqSpX¬ t]m´o≥ ASßnb

t]mjIaq√ytadnb `£y hkvXp°fpw, Du¿÷w ]Zm\w sNøp∂

sl¬Øv Un¶vkpw C∂mhiyamWv.

`£y kwkv°cW ]Inbbnepƒs∏SpØn ]m¬, ap´ Cd®n

F∂nhbpsS ImcyØn¬ aqeyh¿≤nX hkvXpXIfp≠m°m≥

ian°p∂Xv kwcw`w IqSpX¬ hnPbIcam°m≥ klmbn°pw.

aqeyh¿≤nX Dev]∂ßƒ \n¿Ωn°ptºmƒ D]t`m‡mhns‚

Xmev]cyØn\nWßnb hkvXp°ƒ \n¿Ωn°m≥ ian°Ww. 7.5%

tØmfw t]cpw 60 hb p Ign™ C¥ybn¬ h¿≤n®

sImfkvtSmfns‚ Afhv aqew _p≤nap´p∂hcpsS FÆw 15

iXam\Øne[nIamWv. Ch¿°nWßnb sImgp∏p Ipd™ ]m¬,


]mepev]∂ßƒ, Cd®nbpev]∂ßƒ F∂nh hn]W\w sNøm≥

km[yXtbsdbmWv. apbend®nbv°v Cu cwKØv hn]W\

km[yXItfsdbp≠v.

BtKmfXeØn¬ t]mØnd®n Ib‰paXnbn¬ C¥y

apt∂dm\p≈ ImcWw C¥y≥ t]mØnd®nbn¬ sImgp∏ns‚ Afhv

IpdhmbXn\memWv. a‰p cmPyßsf At]£n®v XmcXtay\ Ipd™

]mbØn¬ C¥ybn¬ t]mØn≥ IpńIsf Cd®n°pth≠n

D]tbmKn®p hcp∂p. Cu km[yXIƒ a\ nem°n tIcfØn¬ Cd®n

Dev]mZ\ taJebn¬ t]mØn≥ IpńIsf IqSpXembn hf¿Øn hcp∂p.

IqSpX¬ t]mó≥ ASßnb `£y hkvXp°ƒ hf¿®bpsS

BZyL´Øn¬ BhiyamWv. IpńIƒ°nWßnb tNm°tf‰pIƒ,

_¿§dpIƒ, sl¬Øv Un¶vkv, hnhn[ cpNnbnepw \ndØnepap≈

`£y hkvXp°ƒ F∂nhbv°v km[yXtbsdbmWv.

tImgn ap´bpsS ImcyØn¬ \mS≥ tImgnap´, t^m¿ńssÛv

apÍƒ, tS_nƒ FKvkv F∂nhbv°v tIcfØn¬ Bhiy°m¿

GsdbmWv.

C∂v h¿≤n®p hcp∂ ssPthmev]∂ taJebntebv°v Bńd®n,

t]mØnd®n, tImgnbnd®n, Xmdmhnd®n, ]∂nbnd®n, tImgnap´,

Xmdmap´ F∂nh Dƒs∏SpØn ]oanbw hnebv°v hne v]\

\SØmhp∂XmWv.

P¥pP\y Dev]∂ßfpsS Dev]mZ\Øn¬ IpSpw_io

Kq∏pIsf ê]Zambn ]¶mfnIfm°m≥ km[n°pw. ]m¬, Cd®n

tImgnap´ F∂nh KpWta∑tbmsS hoSpIfnseØn°m\p≈ hn]W\

kwcw`ßƒ anI® em`w ]Zm\w sNøpw

Dev]∂w, hne, hn]W\ X¥ßƒ, e`yX F∂nhbSßnb 4P bmWv hn]W\Ønse imkvXob X¥ßƒ. Dev]∂ßfpsS

ImcyØn¬ D]t`m‡mhns\ e£yan´ customized approach BhiyamWv.

`£y kpc£nXXzØn¬ Dev]mZ\w apX¬ hn]W\w hsc

Dev]∂ßƒ D]t`m‡mhns‚ ssIIfnsetØ≠Xp≠v. CXn\mbn

lmkn∏v (HACCP), GMP, GRP F∂nh ]mh¿ØnIamt°≠Xp≠v.

KpWta≥a hnebncpØnbmWv D]t`m‡m°ƒ Dev]∂ßƒ

hmßp∂Xv.

kmºØnI amµyØnepw cmPyØv samØw hcpam\Øn¬

\n∂pw `£y[m\yßƒ, ]®°dnIƒ F∂nhsb At]£n®v

IqSpX¬ XpI P¥pP\y Dev]∂ßƒ°mbn \o°n hbv°p∂p.


]XnZn\ hcpam\Øns‚ 40% amWv `£yhkvXp°ƒ°mbn

C¥y°m¿ sNehgn°p∂Xv.

hn]W\Øn¬ _m≥UnwKv, ]mt°PnwKv, F∂nh Gsd

]m[m\ya¿ln°p∂p.

P¥pP\y Dev]∂ßƒ hn]W\w \SØm≥ Dev]mZI¿

Dƒs∏Sp∂ commodity interest groups-\v cq]w sImSp°mw. CXv ]m¬,

Cd®n, ap´ F∂o hn`mKßƒ°\pkcn®v ]tXyIw

Kq∏pIfmbncn°Ww.

KpWta≥abv°v Du∂¬ \¬In Cu cwKØv hnPbw ssIhcn®

]me°mSv Nature Fresh Milk, £oc-km-K-c, Xr»qcnse sImSIcbnse

kpÿnc ]mep¬]mZ\w F∂nh Cu cwKØv A\ph¿Øn°mhp∂

amXrIIfmWv.

ho´pap‰Øv hf¿Øp∂ tImgnIfn¬ \n∂p≈ ap´ tiJcn®v

Kq∏Snÿm\Øn¬ hn]W\w \SØmhp∂ irwJeIƒ

cq]s∏SpØnsbSp°mw.

Hmtcm IpSpw_Øn\pw Bhiyamb Afhn¬ tImgnbnd®n,

Bńd®n, amńd®n, F∂nh e`yam°m\pXIp∂ Divisibility hn]W\

]Inb Ffp∏Ønem°Ww. Xangv\mńse DUpa¬t]ńse kp§okv

Nn°s‚ amXrI Cu cwKØpw ]mh¿ØnIam°mhp∂tXbp≈p.

ssPhIrjn kwcw`ßƒ°v th≠n ssPhhfw hn]W\w

sNøm≥ NmWIw, Bń≥ ImjvTw, _tbmKymkv πm‚n¬ \n∂p≈

…dn F∂nh ê]Zambn kwkv°cn®v hn]W\w \SØmw. Xr»q¿

Pn√bnse Nmh°m´p≈ IpSpw_io kwcw`ßfpsS ]h¿Ø\w Cu

cwKØv amXrIbm°mhp∂XmWv.

P¥pP\y Dev]∂ßƒ hn]W\w \SØptºmƒ

D]t`m‡mhn\nWßnb Dev]∂w cq]s∏SpØnsbSp°m≥ ]tXyIw

i≤n°Ww. arKmip]XnIƒ, Xt±i kzbw`cW ÿm]\ßƒ,

IpSpw_io bqWn‰pIƒ, amXrIm I¿jI¿, I¿jI ]Xn\n[nIƒ

F∂nhbpsS Iq´mb ]h¿Ø\ßƒ P¥pP\y Dev]∂ßfpsS

imkvXob hn]W\Øn\pw, ÿmbnbmb arKkwc£W taJe

cq]s∏SpØnsbSp°m\pw klmbn°pw.


ssPh-Irjn XpS-ßp-tºmƒ

arK-kw-c-£-W-ta-J-e-bn¬ I∂p-Im-en-Iƒ, tImgn-Iƒ F∂n-

hbv°v Ah-bpsS ]mIrXymep≈ kz`m-h-k-hn-ti-j-X-Iƒ \ne-\n-¿-Øm-

hp∂ coXn-bn¬ ]cn-N-cWw Bh-iy-am-Wv. ssPh-Irjn XpS-ßp-∂-Xn-\p-

apºv F√m L´-ß-fnepw k¿´n-^n-t°-j≥ Bh-iy-am-Wv. I∂p-Im-en-h-

f¿Ø-en¬ ^mw apgp-h-\mbn ssPh-Ir-jnbv°v ]cn-h¿Ø\w sNøm≥

Ipd-™Xv aq∂p-h¿jw th≠n hcpw. th≠X hmbp-k-©mcw, AanX

kqcy-]-Im-i-Øn¬ \n∂v kwc-£-Ww, sXmgp-Øn¬ Bh-iy-Øn\v

ÿe-ku-Icyw, btYjvSw ip≤-Pew F∂nh AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-amWv.

Xmdm-hv, tImgn, apb¬ F∂n-hsb IqSp-I-fn¬ (Cages) ]m¿∏n-°-cpXv.

Imen-Øo-‰-bmbn \¬Ip∂ Xo‰-∏p√v, ]mIr-XnI ]p¬h¿§-ßƒ F∂n-

hbv°v IoS-\m-in-\n-Iƒ, If\m-in-\n-Iƒ, cmk-h-f-ßƒ XpS-ßn-bh

D]-tbm-Kn-°-cp-Xv. P¥p-t£a ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v ap≥K-W\ \¬I-Ww.

Iq´-tØmsS Pohn-°p∂ arK-ßsf sht∆sd IqSp-I-fn¬ ]m¿∏n-°-cp-Xv.

ssPh-Ir-jn -bpsS \n_-‘-\-Iƒ

]men®p Ign-™m¬ ssPthm-ev]-∂-

ßƒ hn¬∏\ \S-Ømw.

arKNnIn’ \S-Øp-tºmƒ

ssPh-kw-cw-`-ß-fn¬ tlm¿tam-Wp-

Iƒ, hf¿® Xzcn-X-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ LS-

I-ßƒ F∂nh D]-tbm-Kn-°-cp-Xv.

ASn-b-¥n-c-L-´-ß-fn¬, tcmK`o-jWn

\ne-hn-ep-s≠-¶n¬ amXta hmIvkn-

\p-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hq. Bbp¿th-Z,

tlmantbm, bp\m\n acp-∂p-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°mw. AIyp-]-MvN¿ NnIn-

’bpw A\p-h¿Øn-°mw. sh‰-dn-\dn acp-∂p-Iƒ AXym-hiy L´-Øn¬


amXta D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hq. Ch D]-tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ DXv]-∂-ßƒ°v

Withholding Period Bh-iy-amWv.

IS-º-I-tfsd

arKkw-c -£-W-ta -J -e -bn¬ ssPh-Ir -jnbv°v IS -º-

ItfsdbmWv. ssPthm-Xv]-∂-ßƒ°v hntZ-i-cm-Py-ß-fn¬ km[y-X-bp-

s≠-¶nepw hnI-kn-X-cm-Py-ß-fnse Bh-iy-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v hnI-kzc cmPy-

ßƒ DXv]m-Z\ ]Io-b-bn¬ am‰w hcp-Øp-∂Xv B`y-¥c DXv]m-Z\w

Ipd-bm-\n-S-h-cp-Øpw. ssPh-Ir-jn-bn¬ DXv]m-Z-\-£-aX Xptemw Ipd-

hm-Wv. ssPh-Irjn kwcw-`ßƒ em`I-c-am-°m≥ D¬∏-∂ßƒ°v anI®

hne e`n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. hnI-kn-X-cm-Py-ß-fn¬ Organic Products- t\mSp≈

XmXv]-cyw a\- n-em°n hnI-kzc cmPy-ßƒ cmPym-¥c hn]-Wn-bn-te°v

DXv]-∂-ßƒ FØn®phcp-∂p. F∂m¬ 5% Xmsg I¿j-I-cp≈ hnI-

knX cmPy-ßƒ ssPh-Irjn XmXv]-cy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-t]mse 75% tØmfw

I¿jI-cp≈ C¥y ssPh-Ir-jn-bn-te°v Xncn-bp-∂Xv `£y-kp-c-£n-

X-XzsØ ]Xn-Iq-e-ambn _m[n-°pw.

\ΩpsS \m´n¬ \ne-hn-ep≈ ]c-º-cm-KX Irjn-kw-cw-`ßƒ

ssPh-Ir-jn -ta-J-e-bn -te°p am‰p -∂-XmWv Ffp-∏w. cmPym-¥c

hn]Wnbnse XmXv]-cy-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn®v amXr-Im-]-c-amb coXn-bn¬

sNdn-sbmcp iX-am\w Irjn-co-Xn-Iƒ ]c-º-cm-KX ssien-bn¬ \n∂pw

ssPh-Ir-jn-bn-te°v am‰mhp∂-Xm-Wv.

ssPh-Irjn ]cn-ÿn-Xn-°n-W-ßn-b-Xm-b-Xn-\m¬ ÿmbn-bmb

Im¿jnI Bhmk hyhÿ hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°p-hm≥ Gsd klm-b-I-

cam-Wv.

hn]-Wn-bn¬ e`n-°p∂ ssPthm-Xv]-∂-ßƒ ]q¿Æ-ambpw

ssPhoIw Bbn-cn-°-W-sa-∂n-√. FX iX-am\w Hm¿Km-\nIv BsW∂v

te_-en¬ ]tXyIw ImWn-®n-cn-°pw. ]c-º-cm-KX Irjn-co-Xn-bn¬

\n∂pw ssPh-Ir-jn-bn-te-°p≈ am‰-Øn\v GXm≠v c≠p h¿j-tØmfw

kabw th≠n hcpw. CXv Conversion Period F∂ t]cn-e-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂p.

GsXmcp ssPh-Ir-jn-bnepw Hgn®p IqSm≥ ]‰mØ LS-I-amWv I∂p-

Im-en-h-f¿Ø¬. ssPh-Ir-jn-bn¬ anI® ssPh-hfw NmWIw Xs∂-

bm-Wv.

arK-kw-cw-£-W-ta-J-e-bn¬ ssPh-Irjn ia-I-c-am-sW∂v kqNn-

∏n-®-t√m. ]P-\-\w, ]cn-N-c-Ww, Xo‰-I-aw, tcmK-\n-b-¥Ww F∂n-hbv°v

A\p-tbm-Py-amb X¥-ßƒ Bhn-jvI-cn-°-Ww. ]cn-ÿn-Xn-°n-W-ßn-

b, AXmXv ÿeØv hf¿Øm≥ tbmPn® C\-ßsf amXta ssPh-


Ir-jn-bn¬ hf¿Øm-hq. P¥p-°ƒs°m-cp-°p∂ ]m¿∏n-S-Øn¬ Bh-iy-

Øn\v ÿe-ku-I-cy-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. DZm-l-c-W-ambn ssPh-]m¬

DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°m≥ Hm¿Km-\nIv Ubdn ^mw XpS-ßp-tºmƒ Hcp slIvS-

dn¬ 1.8 F∂ tXmXn¬ amXta I∂p-Im-en-Iƒ ]mSp-≈q. ]ip-hn\v

sXmgp-Øn¬ 6 NXp-c-i- ao-‰¿ ÿe- ku-Icyw thWw hymbm-a-Øn\v

aq∂p NXp-c-i-ao-‰¿ A[n-I-ambn thWw. hnØp-Im-f-Iƒ°v 10 NXpi

ao‰¿ ÿe-hn-kvXrXnbpw 30 NXp-c-i-ao-‰¿ hybm-a-Øn-\p≈ \S-

ÿehpw Bh-iyam-Wv.

InSm-cn-Iƒ°v sXmgp-Øn¬ 1.5 NXp-c-i-ao-‰¿ F∂ tXmXn¬

ÿew thWw. S¿°n, Xmdm-hv, Ac-b∂w F∂n-hsb ssPh-Ir-jn- kw-

cw-`Øn¬ Iqń¬ hf¿Øm≥ bYm-Iaw 2,10,2 NXp-c-i -ao-‰¿ ÿew

Bh-iy-am-Wv.

Iqń¬ btYjvSw hmbp-k-©mc kuIcyw thWw. Imem-hÿm

hyXn-bm-\-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn®v kwc-£Ww e`n-°-Ø-°-hn[w IqSp-Iƒ

\n¿Ωn-°-Ww. btYjvSw ip≤-Pew Bh-iy-amWv. ]Ir-Xym-ep≈

kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-I-ƒ A\p-h¿Øn-°m-\p≈ kuIcyhpw Hcp-°-Ww.

i≤n-°pI

ssPh-Ir-jn-bn¬ \n∂p≈ P¥p-P\y DXv]-∂-ßƒ ssPh-Irjn

XpS-ßn-bm¬ ssPthm-Xv]-∂-ß-fmbn hn]-W\w \S-Ømw. te_-en¬

Conversion Period emsW∂v ]tXyIw hy‡-am-°n-bn-cn-°-Ww.

ssPh-Ir-jn-bv°mbn sIm≠p-h-tc≠ arK-ß-fp-sSbpw ]£n-I-

fp-sSbpw ]mbw NphsS tN¿°p-∂p.

a) Cd-®n-t°mgn Ip™p-ßƒ 2 Znhkw ]mb-Øn¬

b) ap´-t°mgn ˛ 18 BgvN ]mb-Øn¬

c) Xmdm-hv, S¿°n ˛ 2 BgvN ]mb-Øn¬

d) ]∂n-°p-™p-ßƒ ˛ 6 BgvN ]mb-Øn¬

e) I∂p-Ip-ń-Iƒ ˛ 4 BgvN ]mb-Øn¬

k¿ń-^n-t°-j≥ coXn-Iƒ ]c-am-h[n 5 h¿j-ßƒ°Iw

]q¿Øn-bm-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

ssPh-Ir-jn-bn¬ IrXna _oP-kw-tbm-P\w ]mh¿Øn-I-am-

°mw. tlm¿tam-Wp-Iƒ, P\n-X-I-hy-Xn-bm\w hgn Dcp-Øn-cn-s®-SpØ P\p-

p-Iƒ F∂nh A\p-h-Z-\oba√.

100% ssPh-Ir-jn-bn-eqsS hf¿Ønb Xo‰ amXta I∂p-Im-en-

Iƒ°v \¬Im-hq.


hf¿® Xzcn -X-s∏-Sp -Øp∂ hkvXp-°ƒ (growth promoters,stimulants) F∂nh D]-tbm-Kn-°-cp-Xv. ]Ir-Xym-ep≈ hn‰m-an-\p-Ifpw [mXp-

e-h-W-ßfpw amXta D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hq. kmwI-anI tcmK-ßƒs°-Xn-

cm-bp≈ ]Xn-tcm[ IpØn-sh-bv]p-Iƒ \evIm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. NnIn-’-°mbn

sl¿_¬, tlmantbm, Bbp¿th-Z, bp\m\n acp-∂p-Ifpw, AIyp-]w-

IvN¿ coXn-Ifpw Ah-ew-_n-°mw. B‚n-_-tbm-ń-°p-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°-

cp-Xv. B‚n-_-tbm-ń-°p-Iƒ ASn-b-¥nc L´-ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bm-

sW-¶n¬ DXv]-∂-ßƒ°v Double withdrawal period AXm-bXv \njvI¿jn-

°p-∂-Xns‚ Cc-ń-°m-e-b-fhv D]-tbm-Kn-°-cp-Xv. IqSmsX te_-en¬ D]-

tbm-K-Iaw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw thWw.

Cd®n kwkvI-cW ]In-b-bn¬ Iim-∏n-\p≈ arK-ßsf hml-

\-Øn¬ sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ btYjvSw ip≤-Pew sImSp-°-Ww. Bh-

iy-Øn\v hni-ahpw \¬I-Ww. kvsS p-f-hm-°p∂ Imcy-ßƒ D]-tbm-

Kn-°-Ww. Hcp arKsØ Adhp ]In-bbv°v hnt[-b-am-°p-tºmƒ a‰p

arK-ßƒ ImW-cp-Xv. I∂p-Im-enI-sf Ad-hp-im-e-bn¬ FØn-°m≥ 8

aWn-°q-dn¬ IqSp-X¬ kabw FSp-°-cp-Xv. ab-°p-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ (tranquilizers)D]-tbm-Kn-°-cpXv.

sXmgpØpw IqSpw ]cn-k-chpw ipNn-bm-°m≥ tkmUnbw

sslt∏m-t¢m-ssd‰v , tkmUnbw ssltUm-IvsskUv, \ocm-hn, t^m¿a-

en≥, Aæ-ßƒ, kky-P\y Im¿_WnI AWp-\m-in-\n-Iƒ, sslU-

P≥ s]tdm-IvsskUv, tkmUnbw Im¿_-tW-‰v, s]m´mkyw tkm∏v,

tkmUnbw tkm∏v apX-em-bh D]-tbm-Kn-°mw.

tIc-f-Øn¬ ASp-°-f-ap-‰sØ tImgn, Xmdm-hv, S¿°n hf¿Ø-

en¬ ssPh-Irjn hfsc ê-]-Z-ambn ]mh¿Øn-I-am-°mw. Imem-h-

ÿ-bv°n-W-ßnb tImgn-Isf hf¿ØWw. CXn-eqsS e`n-°p∂ ssPh

ap´-Iƒ°v (Organic eggs) Bh-iy-°m¿ Gsd-bm-Wv. henb apX¬ap-S-°n-

√msX Cu ]Inb \S-∏n-em-°mw. tcmK-\n-b-¥-W-Øn-\mbn tImgn-

Iƒ°v hmIvkn≥ \¬Im-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

Cd-®n-t°m-gn, Cd-®n-Øm-dm-hv, S¿°n aqcn-°pń hf¿Ø¬ F∂n-

h-bnepw ssPh-Irjn ]co-£-Wm-Snÿm\Øn¬ \S-∏n-em-°mw. ssPh-

Ir-jn-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ sh≈-Øns‚ ipNn-Xzhpw Gsd ]m[m-\y-

a¿ln-°p-∂p.

ssPh DXv]-∂-ßƒ ]q¿Æ-amtbm `mKn-I-amtbm Hm¿Km-\nIv

BsW-∂Xv te_-en¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°-Ww. k¿ń-^n-t°-j≥

C√msX ssPh DXv]-∂-ßƒ hn¬]\ \S-Øp-∂Xv in£m¿l-am-Wv.


ssPh-Ir-jnbv°v km£y-]Xw \¬Ip∂ \nc-h[n k¿ń-^n-t°-j≥

GP≥kn-I-fp-≠v. Ah-bn¬ NneXv :

1) Association for Promotion of Organic Farming, Bangalore2) Bio Inspector, Switzerland3) Indian Organic Certification Agency. Indocert, Aluva, Kochi4) SGS India Pvt. Limited, Gurgaon5) Skal International, Netherlands, Bangalore6) Naturland, Kochi

AIUn‰Uv GP≥kn-Iƒ k¿ń-^n-t°-j≥ \S-Ønbm¬

amXta DXv]-∂-ßƒ Ib-‰p-aXn sNøm≥ km[n°q. arK-kw-c-£WtaJ-

e-bn¬ IS-º-I-tf-sd-bp≈ ssPh-Irjn ]co-£-Wm-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

]mh¿Øn-I-am-°p-∂-XmWv \√-Xv. U¬ln Bÿm-\-ambn ]h¿Øn-

°p∂ Centre for Bharatiya Marketing Development (CBMD) F∂ GP≥kn

ssPh-Irjn t]mXm-km-ln-∏n®p hcp-∂p. ssPh DXv]-∂-ß-fn¬ IoS-

\m-in-\n, If-\m-in\n, hnjmwiw B‚n-_-tbm-ń-°p-Iƒ apX-em-bh Ipd-

hm-I-W-sa-∂Xv X¿°-a‰ hkvXp-X-bm-Wv.


Cd®n hyh-kmbw km[y-X-Iƒ

C¥ybn¬ P¥p-P\y t]m´o-\ns‚ ]Xn-Zn\ Btfmlcn D]-

t`mKw 10 KmamWv F∂m¬ temI icm-icn 25 Kmam-Wv. hnI-kzc

cmPy-ß-fn¬ Cd-®n-bpsS D]-t`mKw 2020 HmSp-IqSn 60 % Bbn h¿≤n-°p-

sa-∂mWv IW-°m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. C¥ybn¬ ]Xn-h¿jw 1.95 Zi-

e£w I∂p-Im-en-Iƒ, 10.6 Zi-e£w Fcp-a-Iƒ, 17.7 Zi-e£w sNΩ-

cn-bm-Sp-Iƒ, 40.5 Zi-e£w BSp-Iƒ, 4.2 Z-i-e£w ]∂n-Iƒ F∂nh

Iim∏p sNø-s∏-Sp-∂p. a‰p kwÿm-\-ßsf At]-£n®v Cd-®n-bpsS

D]-t`m-K-Ønepw tIcfw ap∂n-em-Wv. 95% tØmfw ae-bm-fn-Ifpw C-d®n

Ign-°p-∂-Xmbpw, Ign-°p∂ Cd-®n°v aX]-c-amb \n_-‘-\-Iƒ Ipd-

hm-sW∂Xpw IW-°p-Iƒ hy‡-am-°p-∂p. kºq¿Æ km£-cX, kmaq-

lnI kmº-ØnI cwKsØ Db¿∂ hf¿®m \nc-°v, t]mj-I-ß-fpsS

Ah-iy-I-X-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ t_m[-h-Xv°-cWw F∂nh CXn\v hgn-sbm-

cp-°p-∂p. ]Xn-h¿jw 1.5 Zi-e£w I∂p-Im-en-Isf Cd-®n-°p-th≠n

Iim∏p sNø-s∏-Sp∂ tIc-f-Øn¬ Cd®n hyh-kmb taJ-e-bn¬ km[y-

X-I-tf-sd-bmWv.

C¥y t]mØn-d®n Ib-‰p-a-Xn-bn¬ ap∂n-em-Wv. CXv Imcm-_o^v

F∂ t]cnedn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. C¥y≥ t]mØn-d®n arZphpw am¿±-h-ap-≈-Xp-

am-b-Xn-\m¬ A¥m-cmjvS hn]-Wn-bn¬ Bh-iy-°m¿ Gsd-bm-Wv.

C¥ybn¬ Cfw-]m-b-Øn¬ t]mØp-Isf Iim-∏n\p hnt[-b-am-°p-∂-

Xn-\m¬ sImf-kvtSmfns‚ Afhv Ipd-hm-Wv. F∂m¬ a‰p Gjy≥ cmPy-

ß-fn¬ 7˛8 hb- n-\p-tijw amXsa Cd-®n-°p-th≠n D]-tbm-Kn-°m-

hq. ate-jy, CuPn-]vXv, bp.-F.-C., Xmbem‚ v, sba≥, P∏m≥, kuZn-

A-td-_y, Ham≥, Ipssh-‰v, JØ¿ F∂o cmPy-ß-fn-te°v C¥y Cd®n

Ib-‰p-aXn sNbvXp hcp-∂p. ate-jy, CuPn-]vXv, Cdm≥, tPm¿Um≥,

Xmbve‚ v F∂o cmPy-ß-fn-te°v t]mØn-d-®n-bpw, Cd-®n-bp-ev]-∂-ßfpw


Ib-‰p-aXn sNbvXp hcp-∂p. Kƒ^v cmPy-ß-fn-te°v tImgn-bn-d-®nbpw,

Dt]m-ev]-∂-ßfpw Ib-‰p-aXn

sNbvXp-h-cp-∂p. sImgp-∏ns‚

Afhv Ipd -hm -b -Xn -\m¬

C¥ybn¬ \n∂p≈ t]mØn-d-

®n°v A¥m-cmjvS hn]-Wn-

bn¬ Bh-iy-°m¿ Gsd-bm-Wv.

A¥m-cmjv S Xe-

Øn¬ Im¿jn-tIm-ev]-∂-ßƒ

Xo‰-bmbn D]-tbm-Kn -°p∂

ta™p \S-°p∂ I∂p-Im-en-I-

fp-sS Cd-®n°v h≥ Bh-iy-

IX C∂v \ne-\n¬°p-∂p. amX-a√ Ch-bn¬ tlm¿tam-Wp-I-ƒ,

B‚n_tbm-´n-°p-Iƒ F∂n-h-bpsS tXmXv Xmc-X-tay\ Ipd-hpam-Wv.

Cd-®n-bp-Xv]m-Z\ taJ-e-bn¬ ]iv\-ß-tf-sd-bp-≠v. Aim-

kvXob Ad-hp-im-e-Iƒ, kwkvI-c-Ww, ioXo-I-c-W-ß kuI-cyßfpsS

A`mhw, ]mt°-Pnw-Knse A]-cym-]vX-X, `£y-kp-c-£n-XXzw \ne-

\n¿Øm-\p≈ ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ F∂nh Ch-bn¬ Nne-Xm-Wv.

ip≤-amb Cd-®n-bp-Xv]m-Z-\-Øn\v km[y-X-tb-sd-bm-Wv. Ipfºp

tcmKw, AIn-Sp-ho°w F∂nh Dev]m-Z-\sØ ]Xn-Iq-e-ambn _m[n-°p∂

tcmK-ß-fm-Wv. BtKm-f-h-XvIr-X-bp-K-Øn¬ CXv Ib-‰p-a-Xn-tbbpw kmc-

ambn _m[n-°p-∂p. bqtdm-∏y≥ cmPy-ß-fn¬ `m¥n-∏ip tcmKw dnt∏m¿ v

sNbvX-Xns\ XpS¿∂mWv t]mØn-d®n hn]-Wn Icp-Øm¿÷n-®Xv.

Aim-kvXob Cd®n ]cn-tim-[-\-Ifpw, P¥p-P-\y-tcm-K-ßfpw

Cd-®n-bp-Xv]m-Z\ taJ-e-bn¬ ]Xn-k-‘n-Iƒ krjvSn®p hcp-∂p. Cd®n

Cd-°p-aXn sNøp-tºmƒ ]e-cm-Py-ßfpw sh‰-dn-\dn ]cn-tim-[-\, k¿´n-

^n-t°-j≥ F∂nh ]men-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-t≠m-sb∂v hne-bn-cpØn hcp∂p.

`£ykpc-£n-XXz _n¬ \ne-hn¬ h∂-tXmsS Cd-®n-bp-Xv]m-

Z\ taJ-e-bn¬ `£y-kp-c-£n-XXzw \ne-\n¿Øm≥ ssek≥knwKv

]Inb A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv. Aem\, lnµv BtKm, A¬I-_o¿ XpS-ßnb

h≥InS Cd®n kwkvI-cW πm‚p-I-fmWv C¥y-bn¬ \n∂pw Cd®n IqSp-

X-embn Ib-‰p-aXn sNøp-∂Xv. Dev]m-Z\w apX¬ kwkv°-cWw sXm´v

D]-t`m-‡m-hns‚ ssII-fn¬ FØp-∂Xphsc `£y-kp-c£nXXz \n_-

‘-\-Iƒ ]men-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-≠v.


tKm-Zvsd-Pv, sh¶n-tS-iz-c, kpKpW XpS-ßnb Iº-\n-Iƒ tImgn-

bn-d®n kwkvI-cWw, hn]-W-\w, Ib-‰p-aXn F∂n-h-bn¬ cmPyØv ap≥\n-

c-bn-em-Wv. Ch¿ Divisibility ]Inb hgn D]-t`m-‡m-hn\v CW-ßnb D¬]-

∂-ßƒ e`y-am°n hcp∂p.

tIµ Kh¨sa‚ v Cd-®n-bp-Xv]m-Z-\w, kwkvI-c-Ww, hn]-W\w,

Ib-‰p-aXn taJ-e-I-fnse km≤y-X-Iƒ a\- n-em°n U¬ln-bnemcw-

`n® National Meat and Poultry Processing Board (NMPPB) D¬]m-Z-I¿°pw,

hy-hkmbnIƒ°pw, Ib-‰p-a-Xn-°m¿°pap≈ GI-Pm-e-I -kw-hn[m\ambn

]h¿Øn°pw.


tImgn-bn-d®n Cd-°p-a-Xn°v

km[y-X-tb-dp∂p

tImgn-bn-d®n Cd-°p-a-Xn- ]p-\-cm-cw-`n-°m≥ Ata-cn-°≥ hmWnPy

a¥m-ebw C¥ybpsS ta¬ kΩ¿±w sNep-Øn hcp∂p. 2000 Øns‚

BZyw Ata-cn-°-bn¬ \n∂p≈ tImgn-°m¬ Cd-°p-aXn C¥y≥ tImgn-

h-f¿Ø¬ taJ-esb ]Xn-Iq-e-ambn _m[n-®n-cp-∂p ! tImgn-°m-en¬

KpW-ta∑ Ipd™ sImf-kvtSmƒ IqSp-X-em-sW∂ Imc-W-Øm¬ Ata-

cn-°-bn¬ Ah-iy-°m¿ Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Ipd™ hnebv°v

Gjy≥ cmPy-ß-fn-te°v Ch Cd-°p-aXn sNbvXn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ CXv

C¥y≥ tImgn-hy-h-km-bsØ ]Xn-Iq-e-ambn _m[n-®-Xn-\m¬ 100% Cd-

°p-aXn Xocph NpaØn Cd-°p-aXn XS-bm≥ hmWnPy a¥m-e-b-Øn\v

Ign-™n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ aq∂mw temI-cm-jvS-ßƒ hgn tImgn-°m¬ Cd-

°p-aXn sNbvXv DXv]-∂-ß-fm°n C¥y≥ hn-]-Wn-bn-se-Øn-°p-∂ps≠-

∂Xv Xo¿Øpw A¤p-X-I-c-amb hkvXp-X-bm-Wv.

F∂m¬ temI-hym-]mc Icm¿ A\p-k-cn®v Aw-K-cm-Py-ßƒ

D¬]-∂-ßƒ Ib-‰p-aXn sNøp-∂-tXm-sSm∏w Cd-°p-aXn AwKo-I-cn-t°-

≠-Xpap-≠v. Cu \n_-‘-\-Iƒ ]men-°p-∂n-s√∂ Imc-W-Øm¬ Ata-

cn-°-≥ hmWnPy a¥m-ebw temI- hym-]mc kwL-S-\ (WTO) sb kao-

]n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. D¬]-∂-ß-fpsS KpW-ta∑, £y-kp-c-£n-XXzw F∂n-

h-bn¬ temtIm-Øc \ne-hmcw ]pe¿Øp∂ Ata-cn-°≥ tImgn DXv]-

∂-ßfpsS C¥y-bn-te-°p≈ Cd-°p-a-Xnbv°v temI- hym-]m-c-kw-L-S\

klm-bn-°p-sa-∂mWv Ata-cn-°≥ hmWnPy a¥m-e-b-Øns‚ IW-°p-

Iq-´¬. Ghn-b≥ C≥^vfp-sh≥k (]£n-∏\n) \nb-¥n-°p-∂-Xns‚ mK-

am-bp≈ \n_-‘-\-Iƒ ]q¿Æ-ambpw ]men®p hcp-∂-Xmbpw Ah¿ Ah-

Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p.

F∂m¬ Ata-cn-°-bn¬ \n∂p≈ tImgn-bn-d®n, ap´ a‰pXv]-∂-

ßƒ F∂n-h-bpsS Cd-°p-aXn C¥y≥ tImgn- hy-h-kmb taJ-esb


Xf¿Ømt\ D]-I-cn-°q! C¥y-bn¬ h¿≤n®p hcp-∂ tImgn-^m-ap-Iƒ,

kwkvI-cW bqWn-‰p-Iƒ F∂n-hsb CXv ]Xn-Iq-e-ambn _m[n-°pw.

_ko-epw, saIvkn-t°mbpw C¥y-bn-te-°p≈ tImgn-bnd®n Ib-‰p-aXn

e£y-an´v ImØncn°p∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Cd-°p-aXn B`y-¥c hn]-

Wnsb Xf¿Ømt\ D]-I-cn°q!

2013 Unkw-_-dn¬ C≥tUm-t\-jy-bnse _men-bn¬ sh®v \S∂

temI-hym-]mc kwL-S-\-bpsS Hº-Xm-aXv a¥n-Xe D®-tIm-Sn-bn¬ hnI-

kzc cmPy-ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ Ib-‰p-aXn t]m’m-ln-∏n-°m-\p≈ [mc-W-

bnse-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.


_men D®tImSnbn¬

C¥y°v t\cnb t\´w

C≥tUmt\jybnse _menbn¬sh®v 2013 Unkw_dn¬ \S∂

160 cmPyßfn¬ \n∂p≈ AwKßƒ ]s¶SpØ temIhym]mc

kwLS\bpsS HºXmaXv a¥nXe D®tImSnbn¬ C¥ybpsS \ne]mSv

]tXyIw it≤bambncn°p∂p `£ykpc£m_n¬

]mh¿ØnIam°nb C¥ybn¬ s]mXphnXcW kwhn[m\ØneqsS

ZmcnZytcJbv°v Xmsgbp≈h¿°v k_vknUn \nc°n¬

`£y[m\yßƒ \¬Ip∂ Xocpam\sØ AwKXzcmPyßƒ

FXn¿Øncp∂p. F∂m¬ C¥y ]´nWn XSbm≥ `£y[m\yßƒ°v

k_vknUn \¬Im\p≈ Xocpam\sØ \ymboIcn®Xpaqew c≠v

Zim_vZ°meambn ]cnian®p hcp∂ WTO bpsS BtKmf hym]mc

Icm¿ ]mh¿ØnIam°m≥ Ign™n√. Gjy, B^n°,

em‰n\tacn°≥ cmPyßƒ C¥ybpsS \ne]mSns\ ]n¥pW®ncp∂p.

Im¿jnI taJebnse Xocph Ipdbv°pI, AhnIknX

cmPyßƒ°v A¥mcmjvS hn]Wnbn¬ D¬]∂ßƒ hn]W\w

sNøm\p≈ Ahkcw e`yam°pI, Izm´clnX hn]Wn Dd∏phcpØpI

F∂o Imcyßfn¬ `qcn]£w AwKcmPyßfpw GItZi

[mcWbnseØnbn´p≠v Atacn°bpsS t\XrXzØn¬ 12 cmPyßfpsS

Iq´mbva TPP (Trans Pacific Partnership) F∂ t]cn¬ 2013

Ahkm\tØmsS kzX¥ hym]mc DSºSn \S∏nem°m\p≈

iaßfpw \S∂p hcp∂p.

`£ykpc£ \ne\n¿Øm≥ 70% tØmfw hcp∂ sNdpInS

I¿jIsc kwc£n°Wsa∂ sFIycmjvS kwLS\bpsS

Blzm\Øn\v th≠≠X ]cnKW\ e`n®n√. Atacn°bS°ap≈

AwKcmPyßƒ `£yk_vknUn \n¿Øem°m\pw hnIkzc

cmPyßƒ°p≈ 10% k_vknUn Hgnhm°m\pw hmZn®psh∂Xv


hnIknX cmPyßfpsS \n£n]vX Xm¬]cyØn\v sXfnhmWv. Gjy,

B^n°, em‰n≥ Atacn°≥ cmPyßfnse sNdpInS I¿jI¿°v Cu

cwKØv ][m\ ]¶p hln°m≥ km[n°psa∂v sFIycmjvSkwLS\

hnebncpØptºmƒ C≥t¥mt\jybnse _menbn¬ sh®v \S∂

temIhym]mc kwLS\bpsS HºXmaXv a¥nXe N¿®bn¬ C¥y°v

t\cnb t\´w amXtabp≈p.

temIhym]mc kwLS\ (World Trade Organisation) bpsS

\nbaßfn¬ Im¿jnI taJebv°v klmbw hcpØp∂ XeØnep≈

am‰ßƒ A\nhmcyamWv. 1994 ¬ H∏psh® DdptKzXe Icmdn¬

hnIknX cmPyßfnse I¿jI¿°v anI® klmbw e n°ptºmƒ

hnIkzccmPyßfnse I¿jI¿°v th≠X klmbtam

k_vkoUntbm e`n°p∂n√.

hnIknX cmPyßfn¬ hyhkmbnImSnÿm\Ønep≈

Im¿jnI ^manwKv coXnIfmWv \nehnep≈Xv. A¥mcmjvS

hn]Wnbn¬ ChcpsS Dev∏∂ßfmWv IqSpXemsbØp∂Xv. CXns‚

ImcWw as‰m∂pa√ BtKmf hym]mca\pkcn®v hnIkzc

cmPyßfnse I¿jI¿°v k_vkoUn e`n®ncp∂Xn¬ Ipdhv

h∂n´p≠v. F∂m¬ Ko≥t_mIvkn¬ Dƒs∏SpØn hnIknX

cmPyßfnse I¿jI¿°v k_vkoUn F∂ t]cne√, adn®v

s]m´£≥ F∂ t]cn¬ klmbw e`n®p hcp∂p. hnIkzc cmPyßfn¬

Dev]mZ\ Nnehv IpdhmsW¶nepw s]m´£\neqsS hnIknX

cmPyßfn¬ \ns∂Øp∂ Dev∏\ßƒ Ipd™ hne°v A¥mcmjvS

hn]Wnbn¬ hne v°s∏Sp∂p. CXv hnIkzc cmPyßfnse

BtKmfhym]mc km[yXIƒ°v Xncn®SnbmIp∂p.

Ko≥ t_mIvkn¬ Dƒs∏SpØnbncn°p∂ k_vkoUn t\cn´v

D¬]mZ\hpambn _‘s∏´Xs√¶nepw I¿jI¿°v Dev]mZ\£aX

Db¿Øm\p≈ hmXmb\ßfmWv Xpd°p∂Xv. CXv hnIknX

cmPyßfn¬ `£ykpc£tbmsSm∏w kmaqlnI kpc£ Dd∏p

hcpØp∂p. temIhym]mc kwLS\ Ko≥t_mIvkv k_vkoUn

klmbw t]m’mln∏n°ptºmƒ hnIkzc cmPyßfnse I¿jI¿°v

CXv \ntj[n°p∂ Ahkcw kwPmXamIp∂p. DdptKzXe Icmdn\p

tijw BtKmfXeØn¬ Im¿jntIm¬∏∂ßfpsS hnebn¬ h≥

h¿≤\hp≠mbn´p≠v. `£y Im¿jnI kwLS\ (FAO) bpsS £y

hne kqNnI 2002 ¬ 89.9 Bbncp∂Xv 2012 ¬ 211.8 Bbn Db¿∂n´p≠v.

DdptKzXe Icmdn\\pkcn®v hn]Wn e£yan´p≈

Im¿jntIm¬∏∂ßƒ°p≈ klmbw hym]mcsØ _m[n°p∂Xn\m¬


Amber box emWv s∏SpØnbncn°p∂Xv. amXa√ Amber box k_vkoUn

G‰hpw Xmsg X´nemWv Xn´s∏SpØnbncn°p∂Xv. hnIkzc

cmPyßfnenXv Im¿jntIm¬∏∂Øns‚ hnebpsS 10% hpw hnIknX

cmPyßfn¬ 5% hpamWv. Ct∏mƒ \nehnep≈ hnebpw,

s]mXphn]Wnbnte°v tiJcn°p∂ hnebpw XΩnep≈ A¥csØ

samØw Dev]mZ\hpambn KpWn®mWv Amber box eqsSbp≈

klmbØn\v am\ZWvUw IW°m°nbncp∂Xv. Ct∏mgp≈

hneb\pkcn®v CXn¬ am‰w hcptØ≠nbncn°p∂p.

_menbn¬ sh®v \S∂ N¿®Iƒ Im¿jnI taJebpsS

hnIk\Øn\pXIm≥ C¥ybv°v Xmsg sImSpØncn°p∂

\n¿t±ißƒ KpWIcamIpw.

1. Im¿jnI k_vkoUnbpsS ImcyØn¬ hnIknX cmPyßfpw

hnIkzc cmPyßfpw XΩnep≈ A¥cw Hgnhm°Ww.

2. Im¿jntIm¬∏∂ßfpsS hne t£y[m\yßfpsS

hne°b‰Øn\p B\p]mXnIambncn°Ww.

3. tiJcn® `£y hkvXp°ƒ°\pkcn®mbncn°Ww

k_vkoUn \¬tI≠Xv. adn®v FX Afhn\v tbmKyX t\Sn F∂

am\ZWvUØn\\pkcn®mIcpXv.

4. tiJcn® `£y[mm\yßƒ B y¥c hn]Wnbn¬ £y

kpc£ Dd∏phcpØm\mbn D]tbmKn°m\p≈ \S]Sn kzoIcn°Ww.

temI hym]mc DSºSnbn¬ sNdpInS I¿jI¿°nWßnb

klmb ]≤XnIƒ Dƒs∏SpØnbm¬ amXsa C¥y≥ Im¿jnI

taJebv°v apt∂dm≥ km[n°q.


Ubdn ^man¬ \n∂v sshZypXnbpw

NmWIØn¬ \n∂pw tKm_¿ Kymkv D≠m°p∂ kmt¶XnI

hnZy°v ]Xn‰m≠pIfpsS ]g°aps≠¶nepw tKm_¿ Kymkv

D]tbmKn®v sshZypXnbpw knen≠dn¬ compressed ]mNIhmXIhpw

\n¿Ωn°p∂ ]pØ≥ kmt¶XnIhnZy IqSpX¬ hn]pes∏´phcp∂p.

tKm_¿ Kymkv ip≤oIcn®v Compressed Liquefied Gas Bbn

knen≠dn¬ e`yam°p∂ ]Inbpw hn]pes∏´phcp∂p.

tKm_¿ Kymkn¬ \n∂pw Ipd™ Nnehn¬ sshZypXn

Dev]mZn∏n°p∂ kmt¶XnIhnZy sh‰dn\dn k¿∆Iemimebnse

bqWnthgvkn‰n ssehvtÃm°v ^man¬ em`Icambn D]tbmKn®p

hcp∂p. Dev]mZn∏n°p∂ sshZypXn ^man¬ Idh b¥w

]h¿Øn∏n°p∂Xn\pw CeIvSnIv _ƒ_pIƒ IØn°p∂Xn\pw

D]tbmKn°p∂p.

25 Iyp_nIv ao‰¿ tijnbpff tKm_¿ Kymkv πm‚mWv

CXn\mbn D]tbmKn°p∂Xv. Znhtk\ 200In.Kmw NmWIhpw

shffhpw πm‚ntebv°v ISØnhnSpw. πm‚n¬ Dev]mZn∏n°p∂ tKm_¿

Kymkv clarifier hgn ip≤oIcn®v sshZypXn Dev]mZn∏n°p∂ P\td‰dn\p

C‘\ambn D]tbmKn°p∂p. P\td‰¿ ]h¿Øn∏n°p∂XneqsS

aWn°qdn¬ 4 Intemhm´v sshZypXn Dev]mZn∏n°p∂p. Hcp aWn°qdn¬

P\td‰¿ ]h¿Øn∏n°phm≥ 3½ ˛ 4 Iyp_nIv ao‰¿ Kymkv

AXymhiyamWv. πm‚n¬ \n∂pw 2 ˛ 2½ aWn°q¿ t\ctØ°v

Bhiyamb sshZypXn°v th≠ KymkmWv Ct∏mƒ Dev]mZn∏n°p∂Xv.

ImeØpw sshIo´pw ^manse hnhn[ sjUpIfn¬ ]h¿Øn∏n°p∂

1½ HP tijnbpff 2 Idhb¥ßƒ 4 aWn°q¿ CXneqsSbmWv

]h¿Øn∏n°p∂Xv.

tKm_¿ Kymkv πm‚n¬ \n∂pff …dn Xo‰]p¬Irjnbv°v

D]tbmKn®phcp∂p. ]®°dn, DZym\Irjn F∂nhbv°mhiyamb


NmWIw DW°ns∏mSn®v 20 Intem, 2½ Intem ]m°‰n¬ hn¬∏\

\SØnhcp∂p.

Hcp tKm_¿ Kymkv πm‚ v IqSn ÿm]n®v ^mantebv°pw

Hm^okntebv°pw Bhiyamb sshZypXn ]q¿Æambn´pw

Dev]mZn∏n°p∂Xn\pff iaßƒ \S∂phcp∂p.

5 ˛ 8 ]ip°sf hf¿Øp∂h¿°v tKm_¿ Kymkv πm‚neqsS

^mapIƒ°mhiyamb sshZypXn Dev]mZn∏n°p∂ k¿∆IemimebpsS

]h¿Ø\ßƒ £oc kwcw`I¿°v amXrIbm°mhp∂XmWv.


£oc-hn-]-Wn-bnse am-dp∂ ]h-W-X-Iƒ

temI-Øn¬ ht®-‰hpw IqSp-X¬ ]mep-ev]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ C¥y-

bn¬ ]mens‚ D]-t`mKw A\p-Zn\w h¿≤n®p hcp-∂-Xmbn IW-°p-Iƒ

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.- C-hn-SpsØ ]Xn-io¿j- ]m-ens‚ D]-t`mKw 281 Kmam-

Wv. F∂m¬ C¥y≥ Iu¨kn¬ Hm^v saUn-°¬ dnk¿®v ip]m¿i

sNøp-∂Xv 280 KmamWv ! £oc kwkv°cW taJ-e-bn¬ Aaq¬, aZ¿

Ub-dn, s\kvte, _n´m-\nb XpS-ßnbhbpsS hnhn[ _m≥Up-Iƒ

dos´-bn¬ hn]Wn-bn¬ kpe`amWv.

C¥y≥ £oc-ta-J-e-bn¬ ]pXnb hn]Wn Is≠-Øn-s°m≠v

hntZi Iº-\n-Iƒ ]h¿Ø-\-am-cw`n®p hcp-∂p. ASp-Ø-bnsS km∂n≤y-

ap-d-∏n® ^©v Iº-\n-bmb Umt\m¨ (Danone) Ign™ aq∂v h¿j-

ambn e£y-an -Sp -∂Xv cmPy-Øn-\n -W-ßnb ]pØ≥ C∂-th-j≥

]mh¿Øn-I-am-°n-s°m-≠mWv ! ]pfn-∏n® ]mep-ev]-∂-ß-fmb ssXcpw,

e nbpw hnhn[ cpNn-bnepw \nd-Ønepw C¥y-°m¿°n-W-ßnb cq]-Øn-

ep≈ Indovation t\mSp IqSn-bmWv Danone hn]-Wn-bn-se-Øn-®n-cn-°p-

∂-Xv. C¥ybn¬ U¬ln apwss_, sslZcm_mZv, ]qs\ tIµo-I-cn-

®mWv hn]-W\w \SØn hcp∂Xv.

Umt\m-¨ C¥y-bnse h≥InS Ub-dn-Iƒ Gsd-d-SpØp≈ Hu´v

tkm¿knwKv coXn-bmWv A\p-h¿Øn®v hcp-∂-Xv. 33,200 tImSn cq]-bpsS

hn]-Wn-bp≈ ]pfn-∏n® £otcm-ev]-∂-ß-fn¬ Umt\m-Wns‚ hn]-W\

hnlnXw 2513.5 tImSn cq]-bmWv

A¥mcmjvS GP≥knbmb bqtdm tamWn-‰¿ hne-bn-cp-Øp∂Xv

95% tØmfw BtKm-f- £o-c- hn-]-Wn-bpsS hf¿® 2011-˛2016 Ime-b-f-

hn¬ ]pØ≥ hn]-Wnsb Bi-bn-®n-´m-bn-cn-°pw F∂-XmWv. sh≈w,

]mep-ev]-∂-ßƒ, Ip´n-I-fpsS t]mj Imlmcw F∂n-hbpambn _‘s∏´

Dev]∂ßƒ Ch-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p.


Aaq¬, aZ¿ Ub-dn, s\kvte, _n´m-\nb F∂nh tIµoIcn®

hn]Wnbn¬ tIhew aq∂p h¿jw -sIm≠v Umt\m-Wn\v C¥y≥ hn]-

Wn-bn¬ apt∂-dm≥ Ign-™n´p≠v. \yqkn-em‚nse Fonterraow bpw

C¥y≥ hn]-Wn-bnep≠v. sF.-Sn.-kn, dne-b≥kv F∂nh C¥y≥ £oc-

ta-J-e-bn¬ ]h¿Øn-bv°m-\p≈ Xøm-sd-Sp-∏n-em-Wv. cmPyØv ssXcns‚

]Xn-io¿j D]-t mKw ]Xn-h¿jw 2.3 IntemKmamWv. ^m≥kn-enXv

25 In.-Km-apw, P¿Ω-\n-bn-¬ 24 In.-Kmapw, tlmf≠n¬ 23 Intem-Km-ap-

amWv. e n, ssXcv F∂nh Huj[ KpW-Ønepw Zl\ ]In-b-bnepw

ap∂n´p \n¬°p-∂ t]m_-tbm-ń-°p-I-fm-Wv. tcmK-]-Xn-tcm-[-tijn

Db¿Øm-\pw, Im≥k¿ t]mep≈ tcmK-ßsf \nb-¥n-°m\pw t]m_-

tbm-ń-°p-Iƒ D]-I-cn-°p-sa∂ hn]W\ X¥ßƒ Ata-cn-°≥, bqtdm-

∏y≥ hn]-Wn-bn¬ hn]p-e-s∏´p hcp-∂XmWv Umt\m-Wns\ C¥y≥

hn]-Wn-bn-te-°m-I-¿-jn-®Xv. Ch¿ IqSp-X-embn e£y-an-Sp-∂Xv 30 tImSn-

tbmfw hcp∂ \Kchmkn-I-sf-bm-Wv. C¥y-°m¿°v Ipń-°mew sXm´v

`£-W-tØm-sSm∏w ssXcv Ign-°p∂ ioe-ap-≈-Xn-\m¬ CØcw Dev]-

∂-ßƒ hn]-W\w \S-Øm-s\-fp-∏-hpamWv ! C¥y≥ ssXcv hn]-Wn-

bn¬ Aaq-en\v 30% hn]-Wn-bp-≠v. aZ¿ Ub-dn°v 27% hpw s\kvte°v

25% hpw, tKmh¿≤\v 8% hpw, _n´m-\n-bbv°v 4% hpw hn]-Wn-bp-≈-

t∏mƒ Umt\m¨ CXn-\Iw 5% hn]Wn Iø-S°n Ign-™p. sNdnb

]m°nw-Kn-em-°n-bp≈ ssXcn-\mWv hn]-W\ km[yXtbsd-bp-≈-Xv.

Dev]mZ\ tIµ-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ioXo-I-cn® hml-\-ß-fn-emWv hnev]\

tIµ-ß-fn-se-Øn-°p-∂-Xv. Aaq-en\v hn]-Wn-bn¬ 3˛5% amXw em -hn-

lnXw e`n-°p-tºmƒ BtKmf Iº-\n-Iƒ Dev]-∂-ßƒ Db¿∂

hnebv°v hn¬°p∂Xmbn Aaq-ens‚ amt\-PnwKv Ub-d-IvS¿ B¿. Fkv.

t_m[n A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

Nn√d hym]mc taJ-e-bn¬ hntZi \nt£]w hcp-∂-tXmsS

h≥InS dos´-bn¬ Iº-\n-Iƒ kzImcy _m≥UpItfmSv Xm¬]cyw

]ISn∏n°m\p≈ km[yXtbdp∂p. kvIqƒ Ipń-Isf e£y-an´v

Fundooz F∂ Dev]-∂hpw Umt\m¨ hn]-Wn-bn-en-d-°n-bn-´p-≠v. Ata-

cn-°-bn¬ tbmK¿ńs‚ ]Xn-io¿j D]-t mKw ]Xn-h¿jw 5.6 Intem-

Km-an¬ \n∂v 10 In.-Km-ambn Db¿Øm≥ Ign-™n-´p-s≠-¶n¬ C¥y-

bn-enXv 2.3 Intem-Kman¬ \n∂v 6 Intem-Km-ambn Db¿Øm-\mWv

Umt\m¨ e£y-an-Sp-∂-Xv.


£otcm-ev]∂ hn]-Wn-bn¬ km[y-X-bp≈ ]pØ≥ D¬]-∂-

ßfpambn hntZ-i-I-º-\n -Iƒ apt∂-dp∂ ]h-W-Xbv°v B°w

IqSptºmƒ C¥ybnse sNdpXpw hepXpamb sXmgn¬ kwcw I¿

hn]Wn e£yan´p≈ ]pØ≥ Dev]∂ßƒ \n¿Ωn®v kzImcy

_m≥UnwKneqsS hn]WnbnseØn®m¬ amXsa C¥y≥

£octaJebv°v IqSp-X¬ apt∂dm≥ km[n°q .

arK-kw-c-£W ^manßv coXn-Iƒkasavu.in/uploads/books/File_13.pdf · Title : Mrigasamrakshana...

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