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5
BQ GrAo DUC v.A. DAO TAO on rm cniml rr{tfc rY rnr cu-e. N Irec slNrr cror QUoc crA THPT NAnn zots Mdn: TIN HqC Thdi gian: 180 phrit (khdng k€ thdi gian giao di) Ngdy thi thtl nhdt: lltut2alS (DA thi c6 05 trang, g6m 03 bdi) rONc euAN NGAY THr rrrll xnar TGn bii File chuong trinh File dii,liQu vio File k5t qui Bai't Robot ROBOT.* ROBOT.INP ROBOT.OUT Bai 2 Ddng xe vio b6n QUEUE.* QUEUE.INP QUEUE.OUT Bei 3 Trd choi kh6i hQp BLGAME.* BLGAME.INP BLGAME.OUT DAu * tluqc thay th6 b&i PAS ho{c CPP cia rg6n ng& l$p trinh tluqc s&dgng trang rtng li Pascal ho{c C++. Hdy $p trinh gidi ctic bdi todn sau: Bai 1. Robot (7 ali6m) Chri de cria cuQc thi ROBCON n6m nay li "Tim dulng tho6t mC cung". Tu6n vira ch6 tpo duo. c mQt robot dt5 tham dg cuQc thi ndy. TuAn r6t thAnh thqo trong k! thuflt ch6 t4o m6y nhrmg trong lflp trinh l4i kh6ng dugc tdt nhu vgy. Do d6, Tu6n m6i chi I$p du-o. c mQt chucrng trinh cdn kh6 tlcrn ginn diO <IiAu khi6n robot ctra minh. Robot di chuy6n vA phia trudc vdi t6c dQJ mdt/ei6y cho tltln khi e{p vQt can. Khi gap v$t cin robot s€1i€ntiiipthgchiQ,g,uy@chodiintt,itruocm6tn6kh6ngc6v$tcinvi[iti6ptgcdi chuy6n vA phia trudc. Thdi gian dd robot thuc hiQn d6i hufng chuy0n d0ns ld cpc nhanh, vi th6 tlugc coi h-b[ns 0. Robot khdng bao si] tt, dtng chuy6n dOng. Ee thr} nghiQm robot, tuan da xdy dpg mQt md cung tr€n mQt m{t sdn thi tt6u r6t rQng l6n. M{t sdn c6 d4ng m$t ludi 0 vu6ng kich thudc lx 1 mdt. Cric cQt cta luoi ttucv. c tt6nh sO UOi c6c s6 nguy6n tir -1010 d6n 1010, tir tr6i qua ph6i. C6c ddng cta ludi dugc d6nh s6 mi c6c s5 nguydn tir -10r0 cl6n l0qti tElffig dudi. 0 nam tr6n giao cfia cQtx vd ddngy dugc g6n v6i tga iIO G, y). tmffi *"--tu6n xdy dgng ld mQt luoi con kich thu6c NxN voi 6 0 g6c tr6i tr6n c6 tga dO (1,1), Trong mQt s6 6 cria m€ cung c6 itpt vflt cAn, c6c 6 cdn lgi Ii 6 r6ng (6 kh6ng c6 v{t can). fu6n d6t robot cta minh vio 6 c6 tga ttQ (x,y), mflt robot quay vii phia tr€n cria ludi vi cho robot chuy6n dQng. Bir5t .6rg ,i tri md fu6n d4t robot khdng c6 vet c&n vd c6 ft nh6t mQt 0 chung cpnh vdi 6 t$t robot li 6 r6ng. TuSn mu6n x6c elinh vi tri cria robot sau S gi6y. YGu ciu: Hay gitip Tufln giii quy6t vAn dC d6t ra. Dft li$u: Vdo tt file vdn bin ROBOT.INP: Trang L/5

Transcript of nangkhieutin.comnangkhieutin.com/.../01/De-thi-quoc-gia-mon-Tin-Hoc-ngay-1-nam-2018.pdf · Created...

Page 1: nangkhieutin.comnangkhieutin.com/.../01/De-thi-quoc-gia-mon-Tin-Hoc-ngay-1-nam-2018.pdf · Created Date: 1/12/2018 6:10:22 PM

BQ GrAo DUC v.A. DAO TAO

on rm cniml rr{tfc

rY rnr cu-e. N Irec slNrr cror QUoc crA THPT

NAnn zots

Mdn: TIN HqC

Thdi gian: 180 phrit (khdng k€ thdi gian giao di)

Ngdy thi thtl nhdt: lltut2alS(DA thi c6 05 trang, g6m 03 bdi)

rONc euAN NGAY THr rrrll xnarTGn bii File chuong trinh File dii,liQu vio File k5t qui

Bai't Robot ROBOT.* ROBOT.INP ROBOT.OUT

Bai 2 Ddng xe vio b6n QUEUE.* QUEUE.INP QUEUE.OUT

Bei 3 Trd choi kh6i hQp BLGAME.* BLGAME.INP BLGAME.OUT

DAu * tluqc thay th6 b&i PAS ho{c CPP cia rg6n ng& l$p trinh tluqc s&dgng trang rtng li Pascal ho{c C++.

Hdy $p trinh gidi ctic bdi todn sau:

Bai 1. Robot (7 ali6m)

Chri de cria cuQc thi ROBCON n6m nay li "Tim dulng tho6t mC cung". Tu6n vira ch6 tpo duo. c mQt

robot dt5 tham dg cuQc thi ndy. TuAn r6t thAnh thqo trong k! thuflt ch6 t4o m6y nhrmg trong lflp trinh

l4i kh6ng dugc tdt nhu vgy. Do d6, Tu6n m6i chi I$p du-o. c mQt chucrng trinh cdn kh6 tlcrn ginn diO

<IiAu khi6n robot ctra minh.

Robot di chuy6n vA phia trudc vdi t6c dQJ mdt/ei6y cho tltln khi e{p vQt can. Khi gap v$t cin robot

s€1i€ntiiipthgchiQ,g,uy@chodiintt,itruocm6tn6kh6ngc6v$tcinvi[iti6ptgcdichuy6n vA phia trudc. Thdi gian dd robot thuc hiQn d6i hufng chuy0n d0ns ld cpc nhanh, vi th6

tlugc coi h-b[ns 0. Robot khdng bao si] tt, dtng chuy6n dOng.

Ee thr} nghiQm robot, tuan da xdy dpg mQt md cung tr€n mQt m{t sdn thi tt6u r6t rQng l6n. M{tsdn c6 d4ng m$t ludi 0 vu6ng kich thudc lx 1 mdt. Cric cQt cta luoi ttucv. c tt6nh sO UOi c6c s6

nguy6n tir -1010 d6n 1010, tir tr6i qua ph6i. C6c ddng cta ludi dugc d6nh s6 mi c6c s5 nguydn tir

-10r0 cl6n l0qti tElffig dudi. 0 nam tr6n giao cfia cQtx vd ddngy dugc g6n v6i tga iIO G, y).

tmffi *"--tu6n xdy dgng ld mQt luoi con kich thu6c NxN voi 6 0 g6c tr6i tr6n c6 tga dO (1,1),

Trong mQt s6 6 cria m€ cung c6 itpt vflt cAn, c6c 6 cdn lgi Ii 6 r6ng (6 kh6ng c6 v{t can).

fu6n d6t robot cta minh vio 6 c6 tga ttQ (x,y), mflt robot quay vii phia tr€n cria ludi vi cho robot

chuy6n dQng. Bir5t .6rg ,i tri md fu6n d4t robot khdng c6 vet c&n vd c6 ft nh6t mQt 0 chung cpnh

vdi 6 t$t robot li 6 r6ng. TuSn mu6n x6c elinh vi tri cria robot sau S gi6y.

YGu ciu: Hay gitip Tufln giii quy6t vAn dC d6t ra.

Dft li$u: Vdo tt file vdn bin ROBOT.INP:

Trang L/5

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o Ddng dAu ti6n chrla bt5n s6 nguy6n N, x, !, ^S du-o. c ghi cdch nhau bdi ddu c6ch, I < N S 1000,

-lO5 =x,y

< 105;

o // ddng tiiSp theo mO t6 mE cung, m6i ddng g6m N ky hiQu ttugc ghi li6n ti6p nhau, m5i ky

hiQu du-o. c lAy tt tflp {'#', '.'}, trong <t6 ky hi$u o#' cho bi6t 6 tuong {mg trong m6 cung c6 v$t

cin, cdn kI hiQu '.' cho bii5t 6 tuong img trong mE cung ld 6 r6ng.

K6t qui: Ghi ra file vdn ben ROBOT.OUT hai s6 nguy6n ciich nhau bdi rnQt dAu c6ch ld tqa dQ cria

6 md robot ttpt d6n sau ^S

gi6y.

Chri f: O xu6t ph6t vd 0 mi robot ttpt d6n sau ,S gi6y khdng ntr6t tlii5t phni nim trong mC cung.

Ring buQc:

o C6 50% sO lugng test img vdi 50% sO ai6m cria bii th6a mdn diAu kiQn: 1 S S S 10s.

o 50o/os5 tugng test cdn lpi ung v& S}Yoso dii0m cria bdi th6a mdn itiAu kiQn: I sj$-Vi dg:

ROBOT. INP ROBOI.OUT

4359tf #*.*...#..###. #

23ROBOT. INP ROBOT.OUT

3257*#**..*..

25

Gif,i thich: Hinh la) du6i cldy minh hga cho vi dp thrl nh6t. tuOi con gdm c6c 6 tluo.c td nAn x6m

li rnQ cung. Dudng di chuy6n cria robot xu6t phet fi O (3,5) (0 c6 chii'R) qua c6c 6 c0a sdn thi ddu

duqc chi ra bsi c6c mfii t6n. Trong vi dg ndy 6 xudt ph6t kh6ng thuQc m0 cung. Sau 9 gi6y, robot

tlat t1.5n 6 (2,3).

Tuong t.u, hinh lb) minh hqa dudng di chuyiirycria robot trong vi dUthqhai: Robot xu6t phat tir O

(2,s),dqtddn6(2,6)sauTgiay ,jfi**j/,[lo"',--,), , , , r

-.go -2

-t

-7" 1 0 I ? 3 4 ] 6

In

3

4

5 at

6

Hinh 1a) Hinh 1b)

Trang2/5

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Bai 2. Dong xe vio b6n (7 di6mlB6n xe kh6ch li€n tinh XYZ c6 WA 6 d6n xe khrich cfip b6n A6 nanfr kh6ch xu6ng xe. Ciic

gtJE-dA dugc d6nh s5 * 1 Ai5n U. Ban diAu hdnh b6n xe nhQn dugc y6u cAu cQp b6n cria mQt ddng

I ta*ry-xe.r.rracrt:!9 dffi'1r" vu c6p b6n, tAn tuot r. nay sau xe kia. C6c xe kh6ch duoc d6nh

sottrta6n,n,,tn}-trrttgchdtlugcphgc,o.ffinhflncfpb6n,n6unhun6dugc xiSp phpc vg tpi mQt trong s6 c6c $rrig-d6+4-chij5 trong khoing tir ai il6n &i (l < a, < bi S Mvi il6ng thdi tpi di6m ttd ttuqc b5 tri d6 phuc vg n6 chua c6 xe ndo tronii5 c6c xe (trong ddng xe

dang x6t) d6n tnrdc tte cSp b6n tpi tl6. Ni5u c6 mQt xe kh6ch diSn luE tluo. c phpc vq md Ban diAu

hdnh khdng tim dugc diAm d6 theo tlring y6u cAu d6 phuc vV n6, thi xe niy vi tdt cb citc xe di5n sau

n6 sC ddng log di chuyiin sang biSn xe kh6c vd viQc phgc vg ddng xe chiim Om tai <tdy.

Y6u ciu: Hdy girip Ban diAu hnnh b6n xe x6c rtinh sd lugng 16n nh6t c6c xe kh6ch trong ddng xe

md b6n xe kh6ch XYZ c6 th6 phpc vg tlip rlng cdc tliAu ki$n d6 n6u.

Dfr li$u: Vdo f& file vdn bin QUEUE.INP: Ddng tliu ti6n chtla sd nguy6n ducrng T (T < 5) lA sd

lugng test. Ti6p d6n ld Inh6m ddng, m6i nh6m ld thdng tin v0 mQt test theo khu6n dpng sau ddy:

o Ddng dAu ti6n chrla hai s5 nguy€n M vi Ntuong ung ld s5 lugng di6m tI6 trong b6n xe vd s5

lugng xe trong ddng xe y€u cAu du-o. c phpc vg;

o Ddng thrl i trong s6 lf dOng tiiSp theo m6 ti ydu cAu cta xe khdch thrt i gdm hai s6 nguydn a;

vd b; (1 1 ai 1 bi < tv| mO t& khoing chi sd cta c6c diem d5 trong b6n xe md xe kh6ch thrl ich6p nhSn dugc phpc vg tpi tl6. Hai sd tr6n cirng ddng duo. c ghi c6ch nhau b&i d6u c6ch.

K5t quf,: Ghi ra file vin bnn QUEUE.OUT ?"ddng, m5i ddng ghi sd lugng xe kh6ch ldn nhdt trongddng xe md btSn xe kh6ch XYZ c6 th6 phpc vg ld cdu tr& lli cho test tuong img trong dtt li$u vdo.

Ring buQc:

o C6 25% sd test img vdi 25o/a s6 di6m cria bdi c6: I < N, M < lA;o C6 25%s|testkh6cungvdi 25%s6di6rncrlabdic6: I SN, M<3A0;o C6 25% s|test kh6c img vdi 25% s6 tli6m cria bdic6: 1 Sli, M< 50000; ai: l, i: 1,2,..., N;

o 25Yo si5 test cdn lai img vdi 25Yo s5 di6m ctia bdi c6: 1 <n'/, M< 50000.

Vi dg:

Giii thich: Trong vf d9 thrl nh5t, xe kh6ch thri nh6t y6u cAu dugc cgp b6n & mQt trong c6c di6m d6

1,2,3, 4, ta c6 th6 x6p n6 vdo diem <16 s5 +. Ca hai xe kh6ch 2 vi 3 d6u y6u cdu dugc c$p b5n dttiCm tt6 sti l, do d6, kh0ng th6 phpc vg dugc xe kh6ch sd 3 (ttt5n sau;.

QUEI'E. INP QUEUE. OUT

1

43L41111

QUEUE. INP QUEUE.OUI

1

46L2t2131324t4

r8r]t]E Hh 'Tra

[-,

ng 3/5

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Trong vf dp thri hai, hai xe khilch dflu ti6n c6 thO x6p vdi di6m tI6 s6 I vA 2 (xe 1 vdo eliAm d5 s6 t

vd xe 2 vdo di6m d5 sO Z, ho{c xe I vdo di6m O5 s5 Z vA xe 2 vio di6m d6 sd t;. Xe kh6ch thr} ba

phii x6p cflp b6n tpi tti6m a6 s5 :. D6n luqt xe khich thrl tu, ta khdng tim tlu-oc ttirSm d6 nio drip

img y€u cAu cria n6, vi thii b6n xeXYZ ctrAm Am phuc vg ddng xe tai d6y, mpc dir ntiu b0 qua xe

kh6ch tht tu, ta c6 thd x6p di6m d6 cho xe kh6ch s6 S lnhung xe ndy vd c6 xe khdch sO O aa theo xe

kh6ch sO + Ai tim b6n xe kh6c).

Bai 3. Trd choi rnOi ngp (6 di6m)

Trd choi kh6i n$p H mQt hd choi v6i mQt m6i frQp chu nh0tj&[email protected] vi tr6n ludi

hinh cht nhgt 1/ du-o. c chia thanh mxn 6 vu6ng tlon vi. C6c hdng cria lu6i tluqc d6nh s6 trl t tdi m titLuen xuong ouor va c6c cQt cria lu6i clugc d6nh s6 ttr t tdi r tir trdi qua phAi. 6 nim tren giao cria

hing f vd cQtT dugc ggi lA 6 (r,j). Ban dAu, mOi nQp dugc tl4t d gbctrditr€n crla luli H, cU th6 mflt

tlay kh6i hQp chi6m dtng axb 6 cria ludi, Id c6c 6 nim trong hinh chft nh{t con cta ludi ^Fl vdi 6 d

g6c tr6i trOn ld (1,1) vi 6 & g6c phii dudi ld (a,b). M6i budc, nguoi choi c6 th6 thpc hiQn mdt trong

cric 1o4i thao t6c sau:

" DAy t<hOi trEp tlnh titin l6n tr6n, xuiSng du6i, sang tr6i ho{c sang phii mOt 6;

. Let khOi hQp 16n trdn, xu5ng dudi, sang tr6i ho{c sang phii mQt 6.

Vi dp, cdc hinh vE trong Hinh 2 du6i diy mO ti vitri cria ttr6i trqp kich thu6c 1x2x1 sau khi thpc

hi$n tung lopi thao t6c.

Trpng thdi tru6c khi thgc hi6n thao t6c

DAy l6n tr€n DAy xu6ng dudi

Lflt sang ph6i

I

U,

DAy sang trdi EAy sang phii

{1a

L{t l6n tr6n LSt xuting duoi

Hinh 2.

L$t sang tr6i

Trang 4/5

Page 5: nangkhieutin.comnangkhieutin.com/.../01/De-thi-quoc-gia-mon-Tin-Hoc-ngay-1-nam-2018.pdf · Created Date: 1/12/2018 6:10:22 PM

Khi bit d6u choi, tdt ca cdc 6 md khdi hQp tld l6n tlugc gt s6ng mdLu xanh vd c6 fr 6 kh6c tr€n ludiitusc b$t s6ng miu {{.4;a" 6 cdn l4i arrye-the4il rraOJtr''"iE-af61qi ra n6-G, ,GG r.r,ittrEe-menrtaot6tnay, kh6i hgp vin nim gqn trdn fu6i Hvi kh6ng tld l€n O s6ng miu d6 nlo. Saukhi mQt thao tdc dugc thgc hiQn, nhttng 6 bi kh6i hQp tld l6n dang O trpng *rai tit s6 duo. c bgt s6ngmdu xanh, nhtrng 6 dang 4i b$t s6ng mdq xanh. Nhigm vU crianguoi choi li tim c6ch thgchi$n ddy cic thao t6c hqp lQ A6 OAt duo. crrGl-ts6ng miu xanh nh5t.

YOu cAu: Cho kich thu0c ttr6i fr6p, kich thudc cria ludi Il vd vi trf cria c6c 6 s6ng mdu d6, hay x6cdinh s6 lugng nhiAu nh6t c6c 6 tlu-oc bflt sring mdu xanh md ngudi choi c6 th6 dpt iluo. c.

Dit li$u: Vdo ttr file v6n bin BLGAME.INP:

I Ddng thr? nh6t chfa s6u sti nguy6n duong a, b, c, m, n, k, c6c sr5 dugc ghi c6ch nhau b6i d6uc6ch;

. Ddng thf s trong s6 f dOng ti6p theo chfa hai s6 nguy€n duong du-o. c ghi ciich nhau bdi d{uc6ch x", y,li tga d$ cria mQt 6 dA bAt s6ng mdu d6 (s : 1,2, ..., k). \

K6t qui: Ghi ra file vdn b6n BLGAME.OUT mQt s6 nguy€n auy n(lrta ,6 ,M*tluo. c b$t s6ng mdu xanh md ngudi ch<ri c6 th€ itpt <luqc.

Vi dg:

BIGAME. INP BIGA},TE. OUT ,I

12t3322233

7

Giii thfch:

Hinh vE b6n ph6i m6 tf, trang thrii uit eiu trd ch<ri, trong tl6 hai 6t6 den ld c6c 6 s6ng mdu d6. Ngudi choi c6 th6 thgc hiQn d6y thaotdc: LQt sang phii, d6y xu6ng du6i, d6y lOn tr€n, it6y sang tr6i, d6ysang tnii, iiAy xu6ng duoi, dAy xudng du6i, cu6i cirng rtAy sangphii d6 bQt itugc 7 6 ctnludi s6ng mdu xanh.

Rdng buQc:

c C6 25o/os6 test img vdi 25o/o s6di6m cria bdi c6 a : b : c : l; ffi, n I tOO;?c C625Yosi5 testkhSc img v6i25%s5 Oi6m criabdi c6 a: b: gm,nSl00;o Cb 25o/o s5 test khdc img vorZSYo sO diOm crla bii c6 m, n < 100;

o 25Yo sd test cdn lai rmg v6i 25% s6di6m cria bdi c6 m. n < 1000.

Th[ sinh khdng tfuqc su d4ng tdi liQu.

Ciin bQ coi thi khdng gidi thich gi thAm.

/ .r}\

--Trang 5/5

"nff6t cac 6

L{ .i' /?\t I l"-rl *," \

ndt

n,l j;I \-r'

a

a

'/td