Post on 04-Jun-2018
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Tense Examples
Present simple Water boils at 100 c. I dont like math. Does
Henry work here?
Imperative Stop! Please be quit! Dont do that!
Present Progressive Ruth is watching TV. They arent stuying. Are
you waiting for me?
Past simple I finished my homework an hour ago. It didnt
work. Did you call me Nancy.
Used to I used to be a dancer. Rose didnt use to like
baseball. Did you used to live in Texas?
Be Going to Im Going to get a job. Amy isnt Going to call.
Are you Going to eat that?
Adverd Meaning Examples
Ever In Question: at any time up to
now
Have you ever written a cover
letter
Never At no time up to now Ive never been here before
How long In questions: for what period
of time
How long have you worked
here?
For A period of time: tells the
lenght
Ive worked for six months
Since A point in time:gives the
beginning of a time period
Ive worked here since May
Too/Enough (tan/ suficiente)1. Use too to indicatate tha something is extreme or exaggered:
Subject + am/is/are + too + adjective + complement
2. Use enough to indicate that something is sufficient:Subject + am/is/are + enough + adjective + complement
Do no use too when you mean really/very in a positive tense.
Should have (debi haber)Subject + should have/shouldnt have + past participle + complement
Direct speech Reported speech
Simple present:I make friends easily Simple past: Johnny said he made friends easily
Present Progressive: Im looking forward to my
next movie
Past Progressive: Freddie said he was looking
forward to his next movie.
Simple past: That movie was my acting class Past perfect: He told us that that movie had
been his acting class.
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Past Progressive: Iwas looking out of the
window
Past perfect Progressive: She told us she had
been looking out of the window.
Present perfect:Ive watched videos of
Madonna
Past perfect: she explained that she had
watched videos of Madonna.
Will:Ill play Spiderman in a movie someday Would: He said he would play Spiderman in a
movie someday.
Am/are/ Going to: Im going to be a superstar Was/ were/Going to: He said he was Going to a
superstar.
Would/should/might: Iwould love to be a
superhero.
Would/should /might: Fredie told us that he
would love to be a superhero.
Shall: Shall I open the window Should: He asked if he should open the
window.
Can/may/must: You can be friends with me
until the end of time
Can/may/must or hat to: he said I could be
friends with him until the end of time.
Verb Definition Common noun phrases
Speak To use your voice to talk; to
use a particular language
Give a speak
Talk ( to someone; about
something)
To use Words to communicate
orally; to have a conversation.
Have a / give a talk
Argue (with about) To speak to someone in an
angry way because you
disagree.
Have an argument
Discuss To talk about a specific topic
with someone.
Have a discussion
Direct question Indirect QuestionDo you like dancing? She asked him if he liked dancing.
Where are you from? She asked him where he was from.
Whould you like to go out with me? She asked him if he would like to go out with her?
What is your favorite sport? She asked him what his favorite sport***
Have/ Get (informal conversation)Use a causative to talk about something that someone does for you. As causative, have and get
mean almost the same thing. Use get in informal conversations. Causative have and get can be
used in any tense.
Subject + have/get + Object + past participle + complement
Because/so (porque/entonces)
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Result Reason
I dont buy a lot of clothes because I dont have much extra money
Reason Result
I dont have much extra money so I dont buy a lot of clothes
Relative clauses Which/ Who / ThatUse the relative pronoun whoor thatif the relative clause describes a person.
Use the relative pronoun whichor thatif the relative clause describes a thing.
Main clause Relative clause
Subject Verb Complement
This is the girl who wants to meet you
There are the photographs which were taken at the wedding.
Main clause Relative pronoun Subject Verb Complement
These are the people that Joe wants to meet
That is the photo that I want to see
Past perfect (had) ( haba, habamos, haban)Subject + had + past participle + complement
Verb + gerundI miss living near the ocean
Verb + preposition + gerundSubject + be + adjective preposition + gerund
I am thinking about buying a guitar
Talking about hopes, accomplishements, regretsI regret not helping my brother with his school project.
Gerund as SubjectSubject (gerund) Verb Complement
Hunting is not my favorite sport
Training for the Olympics takes real dedication
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When Cuando
While Mientras
After Despus
Before Antes
As soon as Tan pronto como
Until Hasta
May have/ might have (Pudieron haber)May have and might have mean the same thing. Might have is a little more common.
Subject + might have/may have + past participle + complement
Zero conditionalUse the zero conditional to talk about situations with results that are generally true, all the time.
Use the zero conditionalwith an imperative, to give advice or instructions.
Giving advice:If you have a problema, talk to someone about it.
Question tagsQuestion tags can use ane verb tense and modals will, can, would, should and could. We do not
usually use may, might or must in Question tags.
1 You are Mexican, arent you?2 Luisa lives in Veracruz, doesnt she?3 We wont study for the exam, will we?4 Maries is waiting for us, isnt she?5 We have studied hand, havent we? Third conditional
Use the third conditional to talk about hypothetical situations in the past.
If clause ( past perfect) Main clause (would have/ wouldnt have ) + verb simple form
If I had your number, I would have called you
If Toby hadnt invited me, I wouldnt have gone
Use wish + the past perfect to express regrets you have now about the past.
Subject + wish/wishes Second clause (past perfect)
I wish I had had your number.
I wish He hadnt invited me.
Next Siguiente
Then Entonces
Finally Por fin/ finalmente
Afther that Despues de eso
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