Presented by : R.N.P.N Rathnayaka T.N Molagoda

K.C TharangaSupervised by : Dr. Rangika Halwatura

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Old buildings are having higher thermal comfort than new buildings but there may be several restrictions when properties of those type of buildings are using.so attention is paid to identify the effective passive techniques in old buildings.

Background

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To study on various passive techniques used in old buildings.

To measure the comfortable conditions inside the building.

To find out the possibilities and limitations of adopting these techniques in modern buildings.

Objectives of the research

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To study effect of floor to floor height and wall Color of old buildings and to analyze how it performs in modern buildings .(K.C Tharanga , 070488M )

To study effect of wall thickness and walling material of old buildings and to analyze how it performs in modern buildings .(Molagoda T.N, 070376L )

To study effect of window material of old buildings and to analyze how it performs in modern buildings .(R.N.P.N Rathnayake , 070403C)

Independent objectives

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Areas where old buildings are available

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Areas where old buildings are available

(cont.….)

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MethodologySelected Five suitable old buildings from tropical

area

Selected Two buildings out of five buildings by preliminary surveying

Temperature ,humidity and physical dimensions data collected

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Methodology (Cont.…)

Modeled buildings using DEROB and calibrate d the models until it reached to original model

Used properties after calibration and analyzed passive techniques with adding one by one to

DEROB software

Analyzed results from DEROB , Life cycle cost analysis and conclusion

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Suitable Building Selection Factors considered in suitable building selection:-Thermal comfort inside the buildingThe construction season of the of the buildingPresent condition of the buildingNumber of passive techniques usedAvailability of the building for the measurementsEnvironmental condition of that area

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Selected buildings for preliminary surveying from Galle

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Selected buildings for preliminary surveying from

Matara

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Selected old buildings for final analysis

Building1:No: 07 ,Chando Street ,Fort , Galle

Building2:Catholic Church, Fort, Galle

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List of Summary of the measurements and data

obtainedInside TemperatureOutside TemperatureInside HumidityOutside humidityPhysical Dimensions Of the buildingsNo of occupantsConstruction materialColors usedType of doors and windows

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Measured Inside and outside Temperatures of old building1

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Measured Inside and outside Temperatures of old building2

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Old buildings simulation using DEROB

DEROB model of Building1

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DEROB model of Building2

Actual and DEROB temperature results after calibration of the model

Building 1 temperatures with time17

Actual and DEROB temperature results after calibration of the model

Building 2 temperatures with time 18

So models are OKThereforeProperties can be used as Old building properties in DEROB.

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Building Simulation For DEROB

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Pictures of the Model

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Temperature results has been taken after doing following individual changes.450mm earth wall instead of 230mm brick wall White color walls instead of Dark color wallsPlaced a courtyard in west direction4.2m Floor to Floor Height Instead of 3m Unpaved Ground Instead of Concrete paving Blocks Wood Windows Instead of Glass WindowsUse “Merata Ulu” for Roof Instead of Normal Calicut Tiles

Sample 450mm earth wall instead of 230mm brick wall

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Changing Several Building Features together

The Roof properties changed in to old building properties

Floor to floor height is 4.2m

350mm thick rammed earth wall

External wall are white in color

Window material is hard wood

Unpaved ground

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Cont.…

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Cost of construction – BSR -2011Cost of A/C- Rs. 8/= per 1kwhSelected Passive Features For Cost Analysis1)Change Wall Thickness and Material 2)Change wall colors3)Floor to Floor Height4)Window Material

1. Change Wall Thickness and Material

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NPV Variation For Total Cost per 1m2 of Floor Area

2. Change wall colors

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NPV Variation For Total Cost per 1m2 of Floor Area

3. Floor to Floor Height

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NPV Variation For Total Cost per 1m2 of Floor Area

4. Window Material

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NPV Variation For Total Cost per 1m2 of Floor Area

CONCLUSIONSAfter replacing 230mm thick brick wall with

450mm earth and stone wall, temperature is dropped by about 1.10C

Total NPV is lesser for 450mm earth and stone walls than 230mm burnt clay brick wall

Construction cost is also lesser in 450mm earth and stone walls than 230mm burnt clay brick walls.

After replacing dark color brick walls by white color brick walls, it can be identified that temperature is dropped by about 1.30C

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CONCLUSIONS (Cont.…)

Total NPV values are lesser for white color walls than dark color walls

After replacing 3.0m height wall by 4.2m wall it can be identified that temperature is dropped by about 1.70C

But Construction cost is higher for 4.2m walls and also A/C cost is increased because volume increasing

After replacing glass windows by wood windows it can be identified that temperature was dropped by about 3.80C

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CONCLUSIONS (Cont.…)Construction costs are also lesser for wood

windowsBut it can be affected for visual comfort

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This research can be usedTo identify the effect of passive techniques in

tropical climate.To compare the effect of each passive

technique with respect to other passive techniques.

To identify the Practicality of adopting passive techniques in presents society.

To identify the most effective passive techniques to increase the thermal comfort.

To identify the effect of construction materials in passive buildings.

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Cont.…To identify the effective thickness for passive

building and earth construction.To identify the cost for adopting a passive

technique to a building.

This research can be used to develop Sri Lankan guidelines related to economical passive building construction.

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Key ReferencesIndoor Climate of Multi-storey Hospital Buildings in

Hot Humid Regions(C.K.S. Malinda Anthony,2002) –Sri Lankan study based on Ampara district.

Passive control methods of Kerala traditional architecture for a comfortable indoor environment(A.S.Dili , M.A.Naseer , T.ZachariaVarghese,2009).

Economic analysis of passive houses and low-energy houses compared with standard houses(A. Audenaerta,, S.H. De Cleynb, B. Vankerckhove ,2007).

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Our victoryOur research abstract has been selected for International conference(ICSECM2011) in University of Peradeniya.

We have already completed to publish this study in IESL.

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Dr. Rangika Halwatura

Prof. N.T.S.Wijesekara

Prof.M.T.R Jayasinghe

Dr. Kumari gamage

Miss. Shanika Wijeratne

Mr.Sampath Dareeju

All accademic and non academic staff members who helped

Acknowledgement

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Thank You

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