VMS Lecture

8/10/2019 VMS Lecture

1/23

VMS

Llerena De Mendiburu, Joseph Huayta Zuiga, Jayme

Huamani Elard

Juan Jose

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN AGUSTINFACULTAD DE INGENIERIA GEOLOGICA, GEOFISICA Y MINAS

ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERA GEOLOGICA

Agosto 2013

Arequipa-Per

Presentado por:

ACTIVIDADES SEG CHAPTER UNSA


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INDICE

Cap I: Regional Envirom entCap II: Phys ical Volcanolog y of Volcanogenic Mass ive

Sulf ide Deposits

Cap I: Regional Enviroment

Cap I: Hydro thermal A lterat ion

Cap I: Regional Envirom entCap I: Regional Env irom ent

Cap I: Regional EnviromentCap I: Regional Enviroment

Cap I: Regional EnviromentCap I: Regional EnviromentCap I: Regional Enviroment


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CAP I:

Regional Enviroment

Velocid ad de expans in oceni caRpido : 6 to 10]

Mediana: 46 cm /yr largest known v ent f ields 50100 black smokers

Lento: 14 cm/yr low rates of magm a supply

tend to be small because frequent eruptions


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DISTRIBUCIN DE VMS EN EL MUNDO


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STRUCTURAL SETTING

MECANISMOS ACTUANTES EN DMO


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Model for fluid circulation and types of hydrothermal venting related to the

development of detachment faults along slow-spreading mid-ocean ridges. Modified

from McCaig and others (2007). [TAG, Trans-Atlantic Geothermal

IMPORTANCIA DE LOS CONTROLESESTRUCTURALES


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IMPORTANCIA DE LOSCONTROLES ESTRUCTURALES

Conceptual diagram showing the evolution of a caldera-related

submarine magmatic-hydrothermal system. A, Asymmetric collapse of

the caldera allows influx of seawater along opening caldera margin

fault; erupted pyroclastic deposits pond within the developing

asymmetric basin. B, Cold seawater flows downward along outer

inward-dipping faults, while hot mineralizing fluids move up along aseries of outward-dipping faults resulting from piecemeal caldera

collapse. As a result, massive sulfide deposits can form in a number

of locations and possible water depths within the caldera. C, Caldera

resurgence, related to renewed magmatism and intrusion into roofrocks above the main magma chamber, is accompanied by the

formation of tensional faults as the center of the caldera is uplifted.

This permits additional hydrothermal fluid circulation and formation of

additional massive sulfide deposits in the central parts of the caldera.

Modified from Stix and others (2003). [VMS, volcanogenic massive

sulfide; Au, gold; Cu, copper; Zn, zinc]


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STOCKWOKS BRECHOIDES: PERMEABILIDAD, POROSIDAD.

CIRCULACIN DE FLUIDOS.Fotografas representativas de los sulfuros masivos de la Faja Pirtica Ibrica. a. Stockwork en dacita sericitizada infrayacente a los sulfuros

masivos de Cor ta Atalaya, Ro Tinto. b. Stockwork brechoide con fragmentos de riolita silicificada y sopor tada por calcopirita masiva. Cor vo,Neves Cor vo. c. Bandeado y brechas sedimentarias con fragmentos de pizarra en pirita detrtica. Aznalcllar. d. Contacto remplazante de los

sulfuros masivos de La Zarza sobre brechas volcnicas ricas en pmez y vidrio, probablemente facies laterales de un domo. La zona de contacto

est jalonada por una intensa silicificacin rica en oro. e. Sulfuro masivo de grano grueso remplazando a una stockwork anterior desarrollado sobre

dacita silicificada y sericitizada. Cor ta Lago. Ro Tinto. f. Dacita

casi completamente remplazada por sulfuros masivos, quedando nicamente pequeos remanentes de roca caja cloritizada y silicificada. San

Miguel. g. Milonita en la base de la unidad flsica que contiene los sulfuros masivos de Lomero Poyatos. Consiste en una brecha muy silicificada de

fragmentos de roca flsica con lentes de estiradas de sulfuros masivos. h. Estructuras en ramp & flat en el techo de los sulfuros masivos de Aguas

Teidas Este.


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CONTROLES LITOLGICOS FLUIDOS MINERAL IZADOS NECESITAN DONDE DEPOSITARSE.

APROVECHAN LAS PROPIEDADES FSICAS Y QIMICAS DE LAS ROCAS

EL TIPO DE SECUENCIA ESTRATIGRFICA ESTA SUPEDITADO AL AMB IENTETECTNICO


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CONTROLES L ITOLGICOS


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CONTROLES L ITOLGICOS


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Cap II: Phys ical Volcano logy o f Volcanogenic

Mass ive Sulf ide Deposits

Role of Water in Submarine Volcanism

Water creates a very different set of cond i t ions for submar inevolcanism compared to more frequently observed subaerial


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Role of Water in Submarine Volcanism


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Diagrams showing different types of genetically related and nonrelated

volcanic rocks


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IMPORTANCIA DE CONOCER LAVULCANOLOGA FSICACOMPRENDER LA FORMACIN DE FACIES DE LAVAS ALMUADILLADAS


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FORMACIN DE LAVAS ALMUADILLADAS

Sheeted dikes represent the conduits

transporting magma to the surface to pillow

flows. Typical mineralization in the dikes is

limited and most of the massivesulfide mineralization islocalized in the pillowed

lavas!!!


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FACIES HIALOCLASTITAS

TEXTURA FAVORABLE

mineralization ALSO is localized inHYALOCLASTIC FACIESDEBIDO A SU TEXTURA BRECHOIDE


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Cap. III: Hyd ro thermal alteration

The chem ical and mineralogical distr ibut ion s of

hydroth ermal al terat ion zones are general ly the only direct

evidence of f lu id ci rcu lat ion

recogni t ion o f this arrangement, may provideinformation useful in m ineral explo rat ion

in the field may prov ide important evidence that a

terrane under assessm ent is favorable for

occurrence of VMS depos i ts.


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Hydro thermal al terat ion


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Alteration mineralogy of astockwork zone exposed by

faulting on the Galapagos Rift

Alteration mineralogy at theTAG deposit Honnorez and

others

Hydro thermal alterat ion


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Hydro thermal alterat ion


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Bibliografa

Shanks, W.C. Pat, III, and Thurston, Roland, eds., 2012, Volcanogenic massive

sulfide occurrence model: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report

20105070C, 345 p.

TORNOS A.F, La Geologa de la Faja Pirtica Ibrica: Instituto Geolgico y Minero

de Espaa. revista de la sociedad espaola de mineraloga, macla. n 10.noviembre08, 2008.

Franklin, J.M., 1996. Volcanic-associated massive sulphide deposits. In: Kirkham,

R.V. et al. (editors) Mineral Deposits Modeling, Geological Association of Canada,

Special Paper 40, pp. 315-334.

VMS Lecture

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