TERMÓMETROS GEOLÓGICOS yacimientos

8/16/2019 TERMÓMETROS GEOLÓGICOS yacimientos

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TERMÓMETROSGEOLÓGICOS

ANGÉLICA MARÍA ENRÍQUEZ ITURRALDE

Quito, abril 20!


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INTRODUCCIÓN

I"#or$a%i&"'obr( lat($)(ratura,

*+"('i' ( lo'()&'ito'

Directas

• T($)(ratura ( la'la-a', #u$arola' .$a"a"tial(', %o$ota$bi+" (" $i"a'

. )o/o'• A'o%ia%io"('$i"(ral&*i%a'

• A"li'i' t(1tural('. #a'('ti)o$&r%a'

Indire

(Labora• S3"t('i' $i"(• D(t(r$i"a%i&

t($)(ratura( i"-(r'i&" $i"(ral('

•

Di'olu%i&"• R(%ri'tali/a%• E1'olu%i&"• Ca$bio' ("

)ro)i(a(' • Co"u%ti-ia•

Su'titu%i&" i&• R(la%i&" i'ot


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TEM4ERATURAS DE LA5AS, 6UMAROLAS 7 MANANTIAL

Termómetro Temperatura (°C)Ma*$a ba'lti%o .a"('3ti%o

200 8 900

Ma*$a' riol3ti%o

:ri%o' (" '3li%(, l%ali'. -oltil(';


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ASOCIACIOINES MINERALÓGICAS

Temperatura

Asociación mineral

Alta To)a%io, b(rilo . %a'it(ritaI"t(r$(ia

>l("a, )irita, *al("a .%al%o)irita

>a?a E'tibi"a, %i"abrio . r(?al*ar

La i'tribu%i&" ( %i(rta' a'o%ia%io"(' $i"(ra(" .a%i$i("to' @u( %o"ti("(" $' (

t(r$&$(tro *(ol&*i%o )(r$it( @u( '( %o"'ila (1i't("%ia ( $i"(ral(' ( t($)(ratura' alti"t(r$(ia' . ba?a'


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ANBLISIS TETURAL

El ('tuio ( la' t(1tura' ( %i(rto' $i"(ra%o$)ara%i&" %o" la' t(1tura' ( lo' )rou%to' (

)u((" (t(r$i"ar la t($)(ratura ( #or$a%i&$i'$o'

Cu

"ati-o

Co"i%io"(' %(r%a

'u)(r%i( . "o

Texturacoloforme

Textura ool

Cu r(%ri'tali/ao


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6ACIES TI4OMÓR6ICAS

Ci(rto' $i"(ral(' )r('("ta" u" (t(r$i"ao %ri'tali"o %ara%t(r3'ti%o ( 'u *+"('i' (" #u"%i&"

t($)(ratura . )r('i&"E?($)lo 6luorita

TF

bito%Hbi%o


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SÍNTESIS MINERALÓGICA

Obt("%i&" (" (l laboratorio ( %i(rto' $i"

$(ia"t( )ro%('o' @u3$i%o' r(%r(a" la' %o"i"atural(' (" @u( '( #or$aro"

5a)or(' ( altat($)(ratura :2O, 6, Cl,>; ori*i"ao' a)ro#u"ia

7a%i$i("to'

N(u$atol3ti%o'

Casiterita


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4r(%i)ita%i&" ( 'olu%io"('

• Cal%ita :CaCO;, barita :>aSOJ;, *al("a :4bS;

Cr(%i$i("to ( %ri'tal(' a )artir ( 'olu%io

•

Cri'tali/a%i&" ( NaCl al (-a)orar'( (l a*ua6or$a%i&" )or ('%("'o bru'%o ( lat($)(ratura ( 'u'ta"%ia' #u"ia'• Cri'tal(' ( KCl, Ca62, K>r


9/21


4ro%('o ( 5(r"(uil

• 4rou%( %ori"&" :rub3 . /aro; , (')i"(la, rutilo .

'%((litaR(a%%io"(' al ('tao '&lio

• M(/%la ( %o$)o"("t(' (" )or%("ta?(' a)ro)iao' .%al("tarlo' (" u" %ri'ol

• Ma"u#a%tura ( larillo' ( Si )ara %(r$i%a• 6abri%a%i&" ( olla'"to"ita

R(a%%io"(' (" #a'(' *a'(o'a'

• S3"t('i' ( la %a'it(rita, *r(("oita

S3"t('i' irot(r$al('

• >(rilo, *ra"at(, %ri'tal(' *ra"(' ( %uar/o

S3"t('i' ( 'ul#uro' a ba?a t($)(ratura :!800C;

• >l("a, *al("a, %o-(li"a, %al%o'i"a . ('tib"ita


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TEM4ERATURA DE 6USIÓN

I"i%a la t($)(ratura $1i$a ( 'olii%a%i&"

4r('("%ia ( a*ua i'$i"u.( la t($)(ratura ( )or lo @u(, (l $i"(ral '( )u(( #or$ar 000800(ba?o ( ('ta

To$ao ( tt)PP.)(r).'i%').8a'tr*'u(uPba'(('P*(o).'P$(ltro%t$l

Sul#o'al('

Sul#uro'

Alto%o"t("io (

'3li%(

>a?o%o"t("io ('3li%(

A u $( " t a

T O # u ' i& "


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TEM4ERATURAS DE TRANS6ORMACIÓN

T($)(ratura (" la %ual (1i't( la tra"'#or$a%$i"(ral(' )oli$or#o'

• Tra"'#or$a%i&" irr(-(r'ibl( Mo"otr&)i%a

E?($)lo $ar%a'ita a )irita :J0C;

ara*o"ita a %al%ita :J00C;

• Tra"'#or$a%i&" r(-(r'ibl( A"a"tiotr&)i%a Puinversión

I"i%aor(' $' i$)orta"t(' ( t($)(ratura, (@u( ('t" )o%o a#(%tao' )or la )r('i&"


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Polimorfo !ime

Cuar/o Tri*o"

Cuar/o (1a

Trii$ita (1o

Cri'tobalita I'o$+

TEM4ERATURAS DE TRANS6ORMACIÓN

P"#T$ D% I#&%'!I#

Cuar/o , (" . -(ta' iroCuar/o , (" %ia'


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TEM4ERATURAS DE DISOCIACIÓN 7 DESCOM4OSICIÓ

T° disociación T "(%('aria (" @u( lo' $i")i(r(" %o"'titu.("t(' -oltil(' :4ro%('o' r(-(r

Au$("ta %o" la )r('i&"E?($)lo'

Cal%ita . %uar/o "o %o(1i't(" a T 00C . a@u( r(a%%io"("

T°Disociaciación

Atmósfera

99C at$

C ,02 at$


14/21

TEM4ERATURAS DE ESOLUCIÓN

T($)(ratura (" la @u( '( ('%o$)o"(" $io$o*+"(o' (" o' o $' #a'(' I"i%a la T $3"

#or$a%i&" ( u"a (t(r$i"aa a'o%ia%i&" $i"(ral&-aria %o" la' i$)ur(/a'

E?($)lo

6(l(')ato', ri%o' (" Na Cua"o '( ("#r3a" (1

'oio . %o$bi"ao %o" (l *ru)o AlSiO9 #or$ar l( albita


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INCLUSIONES 6LUIDAS

El %r(%i$i("to ( %ri'tal(' a )artir ( u"uio irot(r$al )u(( ll(*ar a atra)ar*a'(' o l3@uio' ("tro (i$)(r#(%%io"(' ( la ('tru%tura%ri'tali"a

La' i"%lu'io"(' uia' o%u)a"%a-ia(' $i%ro'%&)i%a' : . 20

$i%ro"('; @u( @u(a" ("tro ($i"(ral(' ()o'itao' a )artir ( u"a'olu%i&" irot(r$al, $i'$a' @u()u((" %o"t("(r i'ti"ta' #a'(':l3@uio', '&lio' .Po *a'(';


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INCLUSIONES 6LUIDAS

La' i"%lu'io"(' uia' '( )rou%(" ta"to(" $i"(ral(' tra'lH%io' :%uar/o, %al%ita

('#al(rita, (t%;, %o$o (" $i"(ral('o)a%o' :%al%o)irita, )irita, $a*"(tita,(t%;, )(ro 'ola$("t( '( )u((" ('tuiar&)ti%a$("t( (" lo' $i"(ral(' tra'lH%io'o tra"')ar("t('

4ara ('tuiar i"%lu'io"(' uia' '(r(ali/a" '(%%io"(' "a' )ulia' )ora$bo' lao', la' @u( )u((" ob'(r-ar'((" u" $i%ro'%o)io . %al("taa' o("#riaa' (" u"a )lati"a (')(%ial$("t(i'(Vaa )ara ('t( )ro)&'ito


17/21

INCLUSIONES 6LUIDAS

!uposiciones

bsicas

La' %a-ia(' '( ll("ara" ( uiola )r('i&" . t($)(ratura (1i't("t('ura"t( la %ri'tali/a%i&"$WX (l 'i't($a (' %(rrao, "o a.)+ria ( uio . la $a'a a)(r$a"(%io %o"'ta"t(5WX (l -olu$(" a )(r$a"(%io

%o"'ta"t(

Tiposdeinclusio

nes

4ri$aria atra)aa' ura"t( (l %r(%i$(l %ri'tal a )artir ( u" uio irot(

S(%u"aria' atra)aa' (')u+' (l

%r(%i$i("to ( %ri'tal

Í


18/21

CAM>IOS EN LAS 4RO4IEDADES 6ÍSICAS

Al*u"o' $i"(ral(' 'u#r(" %a$bio' (" la' )ro)i(#3'i%a' al -aria la t($)(ratura

E?($)lo' alo' ( la biotita, '( ('tru.( a %i:J908!00C;

Cuar/o au$ao . a$ati'ta )i(r(" 'u' %o20C

6luorita20C 20C 20C J0C

SUSTITUCIONES IÓNICAS


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SUSTITUCIONES IÓNICAS

• >l("a #or$aa a alta' T ti("( $a.or )or%("ta@u( a@u(lla ( .a%i$i("to' ( ba?a T

ANBLISIS TÉRMICO DI6ERENCIAL

• Di'ti"*uir i#(r("t(' ti)o' ( ar%illa'• R(*i'tro ( T a la' @u( '( )rou%(" r(a%%io"('

(1ot+r$i%a' . ("o$+tri%a' al %al("tar u" $i"(-(lo%ia %o"'ta"t(

•

D(t(r$i"ar la' T a la @u( u" $i"(ral )i(r( a*%o"'titu%i&" RELACIONES ISOTÓ4ICAS• La' i#(r("%ia' (" $a'a ("tr( i'&to)o', (t(r$i

%o"%("tra%io"(' r(lati-a' ( u" i'&to)o (" r(la%otro ()("i("o (l )ro%('o *(ol&*i%o

•

M' )ro$(t(or (" .a%i$i("to' ( T ba?a' .$o(raa'


20/21

>I>LIOGRA6ÍA

6(r"a"(/ Carlo', 6or"i%a%i&" ( 7a%i$i("to' $(tYli%o'4(rH

Ori/ Llui' . Sa"o-al, A)u"t(' ( 7a%i$i("to' $i"(ral('

I"%lu'io"(' uia', to$ao ( %(%u%il(%l

T(r$&$(tro' G(ol&*i%o', to$ao ( o%#o%%o$


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GRACIAS

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