Tema 9. Mantenimiento de Ordenadores

7/24/2019 Tema 9. Mantenimiento de Ordenadores

1/22

Wfjd 03 Jdktfk`j`fktl gf lrgfkdglrfs.

Fkidrkdi`k Jdrk Idodbbfrl ]h`kd 4 gf ??

KG@IF

4.A@YWL_@D GFB JDKWFK@J@FKWL ?

?.JDKWFK@J@FKWL 9

?.4. Gfn`k`i`k ................................................................................................................................................... 9

?.?. Locft`vls ................................................................................................................................................... 9

?.9. W`pls gf Jdktfk`j`fktl ........................................................................................................................ 9

?.9.4. Jdktfk`j`fktl prfvfkt`vl 7

?.9.?. Jdktfk`j`fktl ilrrfit`vl 6

?.7. Nditlrfs quf dnfitdk db jdktfk`j`fktl ........................................................................................... >

9.]VFYWD FK JD_IAD GFB FTV@]L 8

7.ILJ]_LODI@K FK ]DKWDBBD GFB @K@I@L JFG@DKWF ]LYW 8

7.4. Yfiufki`d gf drrdkquf gfb fqu`pl ....................................................................................................... 0

7.?. Ig`hls hfkr`ils .................................................................................................................................. 4=

7.9. Ig`hls gf @OJ ...................................................................................................................................... 4=

7.7. Ig`hls gf bd O@LY DJ@ .................................................................................................................... 4=

7.6. Ig`hls gf bd O@LY Dwdrg .................................................................................................................. 44

7.>. Ig`hls gf bd O@LY ]alfk`x ............................................................................................................... 44

7.8. Ig`hls iljukfs .................................................................................................................................... 4?

7.1. Ltrls p`t`gls .......................................................................................................................................... 4?

6.ILKN@HV_DI@K OY@ID GFB YFWV] GF BD O@LY 4?

>.IJL YDBWD_YF BD ]DYYXL_G GF BD O@LY 47

8.GFWFII@K GF D^F_DY FK FB ]I 47

8.4. Dvfrds fk ]I........................................................................................................................................... 46

8.?. Dvfrds gf rfgfs ................................................................................................................................... 418.9. ]rlobfjds ilk bls rfiursls ................................................................................................................ 40

8.7. Ltrls prlobfjds ................................................................................................................................... ?=

1.BD ]@BD GFB L_GFKDGL_ ?4

0.WD_CFWD ]LYW ??


2/22


Fkidrkdi`k Jdrk Idodbbfrl ]h`kd ? gf ??

4.A@YWL_@D GFB JDKWFK@J@FKWL

Bd pdbdord jdktfk`j`fktl sf fjpbfd pdrd gfs`hkdr bds tikìds ut`b`zdgds pdrd dsfhurdr fbilrrfitl y ilkt`kul usl gf fqu`pls, jdqu`kdr`d, `kstdbdi`lkfs y sfrvì`ls.

Fcfjpbl3 ]drd bls aljorfs pr`j`t`vls, fb afial gf dn`bdr afrrdj`fktds y drjds, ilsfr y

rfjfkgdr bds p`fbfs gf bds t`fkgds y vfst`gls, iu`gdr bd fstdkquf`gdg gf sus p`rdhuds, fti.Gurdktf bd rfvlbui`k kgustr`db, fb jdktfk`j`fktlfrd ilrrfit`vl(gf urhfki`d), bls dii`gfktfs y

prg`gds quf lids`lkdrlk bds pr`jfrds idbgfrds y bd dprfj`dktf `ktfrvfki`k gf bds dsfhurdglrdsfx`h`fkgl jdylrfs y jfclrfs iu`gdgls, prlplri`lkdrlk bd dpdrì`k gf tdbbfrfs jfikìls.

D pdrt`r gf 40?6, sf adif pdtfktf fk bd `kgustr`d djfrìdkd bd kfifs`gdg gf lrhdk`zdr fbjdktfk`j`fktl ilk ukd odsf i`fktnìd. Yf fjp`fzd d pfksdr fk bd ilkvfk`fki`d gf rfpdrdr dktfs gf qufsf prlguzid fb gfshdstf l bd rlturd, pdrd fv`tdr `ktfrrupi`lkfs fk fb prlifsl prlguit`vl, ilk bl qufsurhf fb ilkifptl gfb jdktfk`j`fktl prfvfkt`vl.

D pdrt`r gf bls dls sfsfktd, ilk fb gfsdrrlbbl gf bds `kgustr`ds fbfitrkìd, fspdi`db ydfrlkutìd, dpdrfif fk fb jukgl dkhblsdck fb jdktfk`j`fktl prfgìt`vl, plr fb iudb bd `ktfrvfki`k klgfpfkgf yd gfb t`fjpl gf nuki`lkdj`fktl s`kl gfb fstdgl l ilkgì`k fnfit`vd gfb fqu`pl l susfbfjfktls y gf bd n`do`b`gdg gftfrj`kdgd gfb s`stfjd.

Ditudbjfktf, fb jdktfk`j`fktl dnrlktd bl quf sf plgrd gfklj`kdr iljl su tfrifrd hfkfrdi`k,ilk bd g`splkò`b`gdg gf fqu`pls fbfitrkìls gf `kspfii`k y gf ilktrlb, sujdjfktf n`dobfs, pdrdilklifr fb fstdgl rfdb gf bls fqu`pls jfg`dktf jfgì`lkfs pfr`gìds l ilkt`kuds gf gftfrj`kdglspdrjftrls3 vòrdi`lkfs, ru`gls, tfjpfrdturds, dkb`s`s nsìlqujìls, tfiklhrdnd, ubtrdslk`gls,fkglsilp`d, fti., y bd dpbìdi`k db jdktfk`j`fktl gf s`stfjds gf `knlrjdi`k odsdgls fk lrgfkdglrfsquf pfrj`tfk bd diujubdi`k gf fxpfr`fki`d fjprìd y fb gfsdrrlbbl gf bls s`stfjds gf trdtdj`fktl gfgdtls. Fstf gfsdrrlbbl, ilkgui`r fk uk nuturl db jdktfk`j`fktl d bd ut`b`zdi`k gf bls s`stfjdsfxpfrtls y d bd `ktfb`hfki`d drt`nì`db, ilk djpb`l idjpl gf ditudi`k fk fb g`dhkstìl gf dvfkds y fk

ndi`b`tdr bds ditudi`lkfs gf jdktfk`j`fktl fk ilkgì`lkfs g`ni`bfs.]lr ltrd pdrtf, fx`stfk idjo`ls fk bds plbtìds gf jdktfk`j`fktl jdridgls plr bd bfh`sbdi`k

slorf Yfhur`gdg f A`h`fkf fk fb Wrdodcly plr bds prfs`lkfs bd gf Jfg`l Djo`fktf, iljl g`spls`t`vlsgfpurdglrfs, pbdktds gf fxtrdii`k, fbfjfktls pdrd bd b`j`tdi`k y dtfkudi`k gf ru`gls y fqu`pls gf

gftfii`k, ilktrlb y dbdrjd.

Yf vdtì`kd quf bls ilstfs gf jdktfk`j`fktl sunr`rk uk `kirfjfktl prlhrfs`vl, stl `kguif d bdndorìdi`k gf prlguitls js n`dobfs y gf ni`b jdktfk`j`fktl.


3/22



?.JDKWFK@J@FKWL

?.4.Gfn`kì`k

Fb jdktfk`j`fktlsf pufgf gfn`k`r iljl fb ilktrlb ilkstdktf gf bds `kstdbdi`lkfs(fk fb idsl gfukd pbdktd) l gf bls iljplkfktfs (fk fb idsl gf uk prlguitl), ds iljl fb ilkcuktl gf trdodcls gf

rfpdrdi`k y rfv`s`k kfifsdr`ls pdrd hdrdkt`zdr fb nuki`lkdj`fktl rfhubdr y fb oufk fstdgl gfilksfrvdi`k gf uk s`stfjd fk hfkfrdb.

]lr tdktl, bds tdrfds gf jdktfk`j`fktlsf dpbìdk slorf bds `kstdbdi`lkfs n`cds y jv`bfs, slorffqu`pls y jdqu`kdr`ds, slorf fg`nì`ls `kgustr`dbfs, iljfri`dbfs l gf sfrvì`ls fspfinìls, slorf bdsjfclrds `ktrlgui`gds db tfrrfkl y slorf iudbqu`fr ltrl t`pl gf o`fk prlguit`vl.

?.?.Locft`vls

Fb locft`vl n`kdb gfb jdktfk`j`fktl sf pufgf s`ktft`zdr fk bls s`hu`fktfs puktls3

Fv`tdr, rfgui`r, y fk su idsl, rfpdrdr bls ndbbls.

G`sj`ku`r bd hrdvfgdg gf bls ndbbls dukquf kl sf bbfhufk d fv`tdr.

Fv`tdr gftfki`lkfs `kt`bfs l pdrls gf jqu`kds.

Fv`tdr dii`gfktfs.

Fv`tdr `ki`gfktfs y dujfktdr bd sfhur`gdg pdrd bds pfrslkds.

_fgui`r ilstfs.

Dbidkzdr l prlblkhdr bd v`gd t`b.

Fk rfsujfk, uk jdktfk`j`fktl dgfiudgl, t`fkgf d prlblkhdr bd v`gd t`b gf bls iljplkfktfs, dlotfkfr uk rfkg`j`fktl difptdobf gf bls j`sjls gurdktf js t`fjpl y d rfgui`r fb kjfrl gf ndbbls.

?.9.W`pls gf Jdktfk`j`fktl

Ditudbjfktf, fx`stfk vdr`dgls s`stfjds pdrd diljftfr fb sfrvì`l gf jdktfk`j`fktl gf bds`kstdbdi`lkfs fk lpfrdi`k. Dbhukls gf fbbls kl slbdjfktf ifktrdk su dtfki`k fk bd tdrfd gf ilrrfh`rbls ndbbls, s`kl quf tdjo`k trdtdk gf ditudr dktfs gf bd dpdrì`k gf bls j`sjls adi`kglbl tdktl slorfbls o`fkfs, tdb iljl nufrlk ilkifo`gls, iljl slorf bls quf sf fkiufktrdk fk ftdpd gf g`sfl,`ktrlgui`fkgl fk fstls bt`jls, bds jlgdb`gdgfs gf s`jpbì`gdg fk fb g`sfl, g`sfl rloustl, dkb`s`s gf

su jdktfkò`b`gdg, g`sfl s`k jdktfk`j`fktl, fti.Bls t`pls gf jdktfk`j`fktl quf sf vdk d fstug`dr slk bls s`hu`fktfs3

Jdktfk`j`fktl prfvfkt`vl.

Jdktfk`j`fktl ilrrfit`vl.


4/22



?.9.4.Jdktfk`j`fktl prfvfkt`vl

Fb jdktfk`j`fktl prfvfkt`vl fs fb ilkcuktl gf dit`v`gdgfs prlhrdjdgds gf dktfjdkl, tdbfs

iljl `kspfii`lkfs rfhubdrfs, prufods, rfpdrdi`lkfs, fti., fkidj`kdgds d rfgui`r bd nrfiufki`d y fb`jpditl gf bls ndbbls gf uk s`stfjd.

Fcfjpbl3]lgrd sfr bd diujubdi`k fxifs`vd gf plbvl fk fb `ktfr`lr gfb ]Iquf pufgf prlvlidrdbhk ndbbl gf uk g`spls`t`vl `ktfrkl iljl uk vfkt`bdglr y db gdr jfkls rfkg`j`fktl quf fb dgfiudgl,prlvlidr gfspus gdls fk bls g`spls`t`vls pr`ki`pdbfs iljl fb prlifsdglr, bd pbdid odsf, fti.


5/22



Bds gfsvfktdcds quf prfsfktd fstf s`stfjd slk3

Idjo`ls `kkfifsdr`ls. Db dbidkzdrsf bd v`gd t`b gf uk fbfjfktl sf prlifgf d su idjo`l,fkilktrkglsf juiads vfifs quf fb fbfjfktl quf sf idjo`d pfrj`t`rd sfr ut`b`zdgl gurdktf ukt`fjpl js prlblkhdgl. Fk ltrls idsls, yd ilk fb fqu`pl gfsjlktdgl, sf losfrvd bd kfifs`gdg gfdprlvfiadr pdrd rfdb`zdr fb rffjpbdzl gf p`fzds jfklrfs fk oufk fstdgl, iuyl ilstf fsfsidsl nrfktf db ilrrfsplkg`fktf gf gfsjlktdcf y jlktdcf, ilk fb n`k gf prlblkhdr bd v`gd gfbilkcuktl. Fstdjls dktf fb idsl gf ukd dktì`pdi`k gfb rffjpbdzl l idjo`l prfjdturl.

]rlobfjds `kì`dbfs gf lpfrdi`k.Iudkgl sf gfsjlktd, sf jlktdk p`fzds kufvds, sf jlktd y sffnfitdk bds pr`jfrds prufods gf nuki`lkdj`fktl, pufgfk dpdrfifr g`nfrfki`ds fk bdfstdo`b`gdg, sfhur`gdg l rfhubdr`gdg gf bd jdriad.

Ilstf fk `kvfktdr`ls. Fb ilstf fk `kvfktdr`ls s`huf s`fkgl dbtl dukquf prfv`sòbf, bl iudbpfrj`tf ukd jfclr hfst`k.

Jdkl gf lord. Yf kfifs`tdr ilktdr ilk jdkl gf lord `ktfks`vd y fspfi`db pdrd pfrlglsilrtls, d fnfitls gf bòfrdr fb fqu`pl pdrd fb sfrvì`l bl js rp`gdjfktf plsòbf.

Jdktfk`j`fktl kl fnfitudgl.Y` plr dbhukd rdzk, kl sf rfdb`zd uk sfrvì`l gf jdktfk`j`fktlprfv`stl, sf dbtfrdk bls pfrlgls gf `ktfrvfki`k y sf prlguif ukd gfhfkfrdi`k gfb sfrvì`l.

]lr bl tdktl, bd pbdk`nìdi`k pdrd bd dpbìdi`k gf fstf s`stfjd ilks`stf fk3

Gfn`k`r qu pdrtfs l fbfjfktls sfrk locftl gf fstf jdktfk`j`fktl

Fstdobfifr bd v`gd t`b gf bls j`sjls

Gftfrj`kdr bls trdodcls d rfdb`zdr fk idgd idsl

Dhrupdr bls trdodcls sfhk plid fk quf gfofrk fnfitudrsf bds `ktfrvfki`lkfs.

?.9.?.Jdktfk`j`fktl ilrrfit`vl

Fb jdktfk`j`fktl ilrrfit`vl fs fb ilkcuktl gf dit`v`gdgfs gf rfpdrdi`k y sust`tui`k gffbfjfktls gftfr`lrdgls plr rfpufstls quf sf rfdb`zd iudkgl dpdrfif fb ndbbl.

Fstf s`stfjd rfsubtd dpbìdobf fk s`stfjds iljpbfcls, klrjdbjfktf iljplkfktfs fbfitrkìlslfk bls quf fs `jplsòbf prfgfi`r bls ndbbls y fk bls prlifsls quf dgj`tfk sfr `ktfrrujp`gls fk iudbqu`frjljfktl y gurdktf iudbqu`fr t`fjpl, s`k dnfitdr bd sfhur`gdg.

Wdjo`k pdrd fqu`pls quf yd iufktdk ilk i`frtd dkt`hfgdg.

Fstls sfrvì`ls tdjo`k sf gdk d k`vfb gf slntwdrf, fs gfi`r, quf gf bd j`sjd jdkfrd sf pufgfdbdrhdr bd v`gd gfb s`stfjd lpfrdt`vls` sf bf gd uk jdktfk`j`fktl.

Fcfjpbl3 Tu`tdr prlhrdjds `kt`bfs quf sf `kstdbdrlk ilk n`kfs gf puobì`gdg l rlodr`knlrjdi`k gf su s`stfjd lpfrdt`vl, adifr uk fsidkfl ilktrd v`rus, qu`tdr sfrvì`ls `kkfifsdr`ls qufdbfktdk su lrgfkdglr y lpt`j`zdrbl dgfiudgdjfktf sfhk fb t`pl gf trdodcl quf stf gfod gfsfjpfdr.


6/22


Fkidrkdi`k Jdrk Idodbbfrl ]h`kd > gf ??

Bls quf `kilkvfk`fktfs prfsfktd fstf s`stfjd slk3

Fb ndbbl pufgf slorfvfk`r fk iudbqu`fr jljfktl. Juiads vfifs, fb jfkls lplrtukl, gfo`glcustdjfktf d quf fk fsls jljfktls sf sljftf db o`fk d ukd jdylr fx`hfki`d.

Ndbbls kl gftfitdgls d t`fjpl. Ylk liurr`gls fk pdrtfs iuyl idjo`l auo`frd rfsubtdgl gffsidsl ilstf, pufgfk idusdr gdls `jplrtdktfs fk ltrls fbfjfktls l p`fzds ilkfxls quf sf

fkilktrdodk fk oufk fstdgl gf usl y ilksfrvdi`k. Yf gfof g`splkfr gf uk idp`tdb `jplrtdktf `kvfrt`gl fk p`fzds gf rfpufstl.

?.7.Nditlrfs quf dnfitdk db jdktfk`j`fktl


7/22



9.

]VFYWD FK JD_IAD GFB FTV@]L

Vkd vfz tfrj`kdgl fb jlktdcf gfb fqu`pl y ilkfitdgls bls pfr`nrìls kfifsdr`ls, ady quf plkfrfk nuki`lkdj`fktl fb lrgfkdglr.

Bd pr`jfrd vfz quf drrdkidjls fb fqu`pl, gfofjls adifrbl ilk bd tdpd `zqu`frgd qu`tdgd pdrdlosfrvdr su iljplrtdj`fktl.

Bls pdsls d sfhu`r slk bls s`hu`fktfs3

4) ]ubsd fb oltk gf fkifkg`gl ]lwfr Lky fb `ktfrruptlr gfb jlk`tlr.

?) Losfrvd s` h`rd fb vfkt`bdglr gfb g`s`pdglr gfb jìrlprlifsdglr.

9) Iljprufod quf sf fki`fkgfk bls `kgìdglrfs ]lwfr Bfg(p`bltl gf fkifkg`gl quf sufbf sfr gfilblr vfrgf l dzub) y AGG Bfg(p`bltl gfb g`sil gurl gf ilblr rlcl).

7) ^fr`nìd quf kl sf fsiuiadk slk`gls fxtrdls.

6)

Db idol gf ukls sfhukgls, sf fkifkgfr bd pdktdbbd gfb jlk`tlr jlstrkglkls bd `jdhfk gf bdjdrid gf bd pbdid odsf, l fb `kì`l gfb ]LYW(]lwfr Lk Yfbn Wfst, Dutliafqufl gfb drrdkquf),

sfhk fb jlgfbl gf bd pbdid odsf.Fcfjpbl3]dktdbbd gf `kì`l gf uk fqu`pl.

7.ILJ]_LODI@K FK ]DKWDBBD GFB @K@I@L JFG@DKWF ]LYWJuiads vfifs, gfspus gf trdstfdr fk fb `ktfr`lr gf kufstrl lrgfkdglr, l iudkgl jlktdjls ukl

kufvl, db fkifkgfrbl kls gdjls iufktd gf quf kl drrdkid y, fki`jd, sf qufcd fj`t`fkgl ukd sfr`f gffxtrdls p`t`glsquf kl sdofjls bl quf s`hk`nìdk.

Fb trj`kl ]LYWs`hk`nìd ]lwfr Lk Yfbn Wfst (Dutl ]rufod gf Fkifkg`gl) quf fs bl pr`jfrlquf rfdb`zd kufstrl fqu`pl iudkgl bl fkifkgfjls.

]LYWfs ukprlifsl gf vfr`nìdi`k f `kì`db`zdi`k gf bls iljplkfktfs gf fktrdgd y sdb`gdfk uks`stfjd gf ijputl quf sf fkidrhd gf ilkn`hurdr y g`dhklstìdr fb fstdgl gfb adrgwdrf.

Ilk fb fqu`pl fk jdriad, pufgf losfrvdrsf fb dkb`s`s quf rfdb`zd fb ]LYW fk bd pdktdbbd gf`kì`l. Fk std sf jufstrdk bds idrditfrstìds gf3 bd pbdid odsf, fb t`pl gf O@LY, fb jìrlprlifsdglr, bdjfjlr`d _DJ `kstdbdgd y bds uk`gdgfs gf g`sil gurl y gf bfiturd/fsir`turd.


8/22



Fcfjpbl3]dktdbbd gf ]LYW db `kì`db fb fqu`pl.

KLWD3]drd gftfkfr fb drrdkquf gfb lrgfkdglr y v`sudb`zdr bls vdblrfs gfb ]LYW, adz ibì fk bdtfibd ]dusdy iljprufod quf dpdrfifk fk pdktdbbd tlgls bls fbfjfktls gfb fqu`pl. ]drd quf ilkt`kf fbdrrdkquf, odstd ilk pubsdr iudbqu`fr tfibd.

Idgd g`dhkstìl gf prufod dutljtìd gf fkifkg`gl (]LYW) fs ukd prufod gf odcl k`vfbg`sfdgd pdrd gftfitdr ndbbls fk uk iljplkfktf gf adrgwdrf fspfinìl. Y` uk g`dhkstìl gf ]LYWgftfitd uk frrlr, plr bl hfkfrdb, jufstrd bd s`hu`fktf `knlrjdi`k slorf fb frrlr3

W`pl gf frrlr gftfitdgl.

Jljfktl y buhdr fk quf sf prlgucl fb frrlr.


9/22



7.4.Yfiufki`d gf drrdkquf gfb fqu`pl

Bls pdsls d sfhu`r fk bd sfiufki`d gf drrdkquf gfb fqu`pl slk3

4) Dbpubsdr fb oltk gf fkifkg`gl, bds tfks`lkfs gf bd nufktf bbfhdk d bd pbdid odsf y d bls jltlrfsgf bds uk`gdgfs gf g`sil `ktfrkds. Yf fki`fkgf fb p`bltl ]lwfr Bfg.

?) Fb jìrlprlifsdglrsf dit`vd db rfiò`r tfks`k y plkf d ifrl tlgls sus rfh`strls.

9) Wrds `kì`dr fb prlhrdjd gf drrdkquf ilktfk`gl fk bd jfjlr`d _LJ gf bd O@LY, fbjìrlprlifsdglr bl `ktfrprftd y fcfiutd bds prufods ]LYW.

7) Fb jìrlprlifsdglr fkvd sfdbfs gf drrdkquf pdrd gftfitdr g`spls`t`vls ilkfitdgls db ]I3tdrcftd hrnìd, gf rfg, slk`gl, fti. Bd tdrcftd gf vgfl, d trdvs gf su prlp`d O@LY, sf`kì`db`zd y fjp`fzdk d vfrsf bls pr`jfrls jfksdcfs fk pdktdbbd.

6) Fb ]LYW fcfiutd ukds prufods ilk bd jfjlr`d _DJdbjdifkdkgl y rfiupfrdkgl gdtls. Gurdktffb prlifsl sufbf dpdrfifr fk pdktdbbd fb ilktdglr gf jfjlr`d.

>) Vkd gf bds bt`jds iljprlodi`lkfs gfb ]LYW fs bd prufod gfb tfibdgl. Bls trfs p`bltls gfbtfibdgl gdk ukls gfstfbbls. stl `kgìd db usudr`l quf fb tfibdgl fst lpfrdt`vl, y quf yd plgrd`ktfrrujp`r fb prlifsl pdrd diifgfr d bd ilkn`hurdi`k gfb Yftup gf bd O@LY.

8) Yf iljprufodk bds uk`gdgfs gf g`sil pdrd gftfrj`kdr bd uk`gdg gf `kì`l. Fk fstd uk`gdg sffkiufktrd fb s`stfjd gf drrdkquf quf sf idrhdr fk jfjlr`d y fcfiutdr. D pdrt`r gf fstfpuktl, sf adif idrhl gfb `kì`l fb s`stfjd lpfrdt`vl (Y.L.).

Vkd vfz tfrj`kdgds tlgds bds iljprlodi`lkfs y kl sf ad gftfitdgl k`khk frrlr, fb dbtdvlz`ktfrkl gfb lrgfkdglr fj`tf uk p`t`gl ilrtl. Custl gfspus tfkfjls `jdhfk fk fb jlk`tlr. Fstls`hk`nìd quf fb ]LYW ad tfrj`kdgl o`fk.

Fk idsl gf quf kl dpdrfzid kdgd y bf g plr p`tdr, af dqu fb s`hk`nìdgl gf sus qufcds. Fstlsig`hlsslk vb`gls pdrd tlgls bls fqu`pls. Wdk sbl ady quf tfkfr fk iufktd fb t`pl gf O@LY gf bd pbdid

odsf. Fk dbhukls idsls, fs plsòbf quf kl sf prlguzidk p`t`gls. Bd pbdid sf iljukìdr gf nlrjd v`sudbjfg`dktf ukls BFGs l uk g`spbdy fk su supfrnì`f l fk uk slplrtf fk ukd odad ]I@.


10/22


Fkidrkdi`k Jdrk Idodbbfrl ]h`kd 4= gf ??

7.?.Ig`hls hfkrìls

D ilkt`kudi`k, sf prfsfktd ukd gfsir`pi`k gf bls ig`hls gf p`t`gls gf bls plsòbfs ndbbls gfdrrdkquf quf fj`tf bd pbdid.

K`khk p`t`gl3kl ady suj`k`strl fbitrìl.

]`t`gl `k`ktfrrujp`gl3 ndbbl fk fb suj`k`strl fbitrìl.

]`t`gls ilrtls sfhu`gls3 pbdid odsf gddgd.

]`t`gls bdrhls sfhu`gls3jfjlr`d gddgd l IJLY ilrruptd.

4 p`t`gl bdrhl3 bd jfjlr`d kl nuki`lkd l kl fst prfsfktf.

4 bdrhl y 4 ilrtl3ndbbl fk bd pbdid odsf l fk bd odsì _LJ.

4 bdrhl y ? ilrtls3ndbbl fk bd tdrcftd gf vgfl l kl fst prfsfktf.

4 bdrhl y 9 ilrtls3ndbbl fk bd tdrcftd FHD (Fkadkifg Hrdpaìs Dgdptfr).

? bdrhls y 4 ilrtl3 ndbbl fk bd s`kirlk`zdi`k gf `jdhfk.

? p`t`gls ilrtls3ndbbl fk bd pdr`gdg gf bd jfjlr`d _DJ.

9 p`t`gls ilrtls3ndbbl fk bls pr`jfrls >7 EO gf bd jfjlr`d _DJ.

7 p`t`gls ilrtls3tfjplr`zdglr l ilktdglr gfnfitulsl.

6 ilrtls3fb prlifsdglr l tdrcftd gf vgfl kl pdsdk fb tfst (gdk prlobfjds).

> ilrtls3 ndbbl fk fb ilktrlbdglr gfb tfibdgl. Fstf frrlr fs juy nrfiufktf iudkgl sfgfsfkiaund fb tfibdgl ilk fb fqu`pl fkifkg`gl.

8 ilrtls3 jlgl v`rtudb gf prlifsdglr DW dit`vl, frrlr gf fxifpi`k/`gfkt`nìdglr gfbprlifsdglr.

1 ilrtls3ndbbl gf fsir`turd fk bd _DJ gf vgfl.

0 ilrtls3frrlr gf iafiesuj gf bd _LJ O@LY.

4= p`t`gls ilrtls3frrlr IJLY.

7.9.Ig`hls gf @OJ

? p`t`gls ilrtls3gftdbbf gfb frrlr jlstrdgl fk fb jlk`tlr.

]`t`gl `k`ktfrrujp`gl3`hudb quf bls ig`hls hfkrìls3 ndbbl fk fb suj`k`strl fbitrìl.

9 p`t`gls bdrhls3ndbbl fk fb tfibdgl.

7.7.Ig`hls gf bd O@LY DJ@

4 ilrtl3frrlr gf rfnrfsil fk bd G_DJ.

? ilrtls3frrlr gf pdr`gdg.

9 ilrtls3frrlr fk bls pr`jfrls >7 EO gf bd jfjlr`d _DJ.

7 ilrtls3 frrlr gf rfblc.

6 ilrtls3frrlr gfb prlifsdglr.

> ilrtls3 frrlr gf tfibdgl5 s`j`bdr d bls ig`hls hfkrìls.

1 ilrtls3frrlr fk bd jfjlr`d hrnìd.


11/22



7.6.Ig`hls gf bd O@LY Dwdrg

4 p`t`gl ilrtl y 4 bdrhl3frrlr gf vgfl.

4 ilrtl y 9 bdrhls3frrlr gf tfibdgl.

7.>.Ig`hls gf bd O@LY ]alfk`x

KLWD3Bls hu`lkfs slk pdusds.

4-4-?3ndbbl fk bd iljprlodi`k gfb prlifsdglr.

4-4-?3 tlkl hrdvf. Ndbbl fk bd pbdid odsf.

4-4-93ndbbl fk fb diifsl d bd IJLY.

4-4-93tlkl hrdvf. Ndbbl fk bd jfjlr`d fxtfkg`gd gf bd IJLY.

4-4-73frrlr fk bd sujd gf ilktrlb gf bd prlp`d O@LY.

4-?-43frrlr fk fb p`t (`ktfrvdbl prlhrdjdobf gfb tfjplr`zdglr).

4-?-?3ndbbl fk fb ilktrlbdglr GJD.

4-?-93ndbbl fk fb diifsl d GJD.

4-9-43frrlr gf rfnrfsil gf bd jfjlr`d _DJ.

4-9-?3ndbbl fk bd iljprlodi`k gf bls pr`jfrls >7 EO gf _DJ.

4-9-93frrlr fk bls pr`jfrls >7 EO gf _DJ.

4-9-73ndbbl fk bd bh`id gf ilktrlb gf bls pr`jfrls >7 EO gf _DJ.

4-7-43ndbbl fk bd bkfd gf g`rfii`lkdj`fktl gf bls pr`jfrls >7 EO gf _DJ.

4-7-?3frrlr gf pdr`gdg fk bls pr`jfrls >7 EO gf _DJ.

4-7-93 ndbbl fk bd iljprlodi`k gfb tfjplr`zdglr gfb ous F@YD.

4-7-73ndbbl fk bd iljprlodi`k gfb pufrtl 7>? pdrd fb ous F@YD.

?-4-4 d ?-4-73ndbbl fk dbhukl gf bls o`ts gf bls pr`jfrls >7 EO gf _DJ.

?-?-4 d ?-?-73ndbbl fk dbhukl gf bls o`ts gf bls pr`jfrls >7 EO gf _DJ.



9-9-43ndbbl fk fb rfh`strl gfb GJD sfiukgdr`l.

9-4-?3ndbbl fk fb rfh`strl gfb GJD pr`jdr`l.

9-4-93ndbbl fk fb rfh`strl gf bd `ktfrrupi`k pr`jdr`d.

9-4-73ndbbl fk fb rfh`strl gf bd `ktfrrupi`k sfiukgdr`d.

9-?-?3frrlr fk fb vfitlr gf `ktfrrupi`k.

9-?-93rfsfrvdgl.

9-?-73ndbbl fk fb ilktrlbdglr gfb tfibdgl.

9-9-43ndbbl gf db`jfktdi`k fk bd jfjlr`d IJLY.

9-9-?3frrlr gf ilkn`hurdi`k fk bd IJLY.

9-9-93rfsfrvdgl.

9-9-73ndbbl fk bd jfjlr`d gf vgfl.


12/22


Fkidrkdi`k Jdrk Idodbbfrl ]h`kd 4? gf ??

9-7-43ndbbl fk bd `kì`db`zdi`k gf bd tdrcftd hrnìd.

7-?-43ndbbl fk fb tfjplr`zdglr gfb s`stfjd.

7-?-?3ndbbl gf dpdhdgl.

7-?-93ndbbl fk bd pufrtd d?= gfb ilktrlbdglr gfb tfibdgl.

7-?-73 `ktfrrupi`k `kfspfrdgd fk fb jlgl prltfh`gl. 7-9-43ndbbl fk bd iljprlodi`k gf bd jfjlr`d _DJ.

7-9-93ndbbl fk fb sfhukgl idkdb gfb tfjplr`zdglr.

7-9-73ndbbl fk fb rfblc gfb s`stfjd.

7-7-43frrlr fk fb pufrtl sfr`f.

7-7-?3frrlr fk fb pufrtl pdrdbfbl.

7-7-93ndbbl fk fb ilprlifsdglr jdtfjtìl (J]V).

7.8.

Ig`hls iljukfs 4 p`t`gl dhugl y 4 hrdvf rfp`t`kglsf fk nlrjd gf s`rfkd.Dukquf fstl kl sfd rfdbjfktf uk

ig`hl gf frrlr gfb plst, jf vfl lob`hdgl d iljfktdrbl. Fstf t`pl gf s`rfkd `kgìd quf fbprlifsdglr fst juy idb`fktf. Fs ukd dbdrjd distìd pdrd `kgìdr quf fb prlifsdglr ad bbfhdgll ad pdsdgl gf bd tfjpfrdturd gf dbdrjd n`cdgd plr fb usudr`l l fb ndorìdktf fk bd O@LY. Fkdbhukds lids`lkfs, v`fkf diljpddgl gf uk rfpfkt`kl oblqufl y plstfr`lr dpdhdgl gfb fqu`pl(tfjpfrdturd gf dpdhdgl, n`cdgd plr fb usudr`l fk bd O@LY).

4 p`t`gl k` bdrhl k` ilrtl. Iljl o`fk af gìal db `kì`l, fstf p`t`gl `kgìd quf fb plst adilkibu`gl ilk x`tl. Bd O@LY iljfkzdr d ousidr ukd uk`gdg ilk uk s`stfjd lpfrdt`vl l ilk fb`kstdbdglr gfb j`sjl y bl `kì`dr.

7.1.Ltrls p`t`gls

9 p`t`gls ilrtls ilk pdusds.Dbhukds O@LY pufgfk gdr 9 p`t`gls gfspus gf olrrdr bd IJLY.D pdrtf, jufstrdk uk jfksdcf fk pdktdbbd plr s` qu`frfs idrhdr bls vdblrfs plr gfnfitl l fktrdrfk bd ilkn`hurdi`k gf bd j`sjd.

4 p`t`gl k` bdrhl k` ilrtl, iljl fb gfb plst. Bds O@LY gf dbhukds tdrcftds gf rfg pufgfkadifr slkdr fb dbtdvlz dktfs gf quf fb s`stfjd lpfrdt`vl drrdkquf pdrd `kgìdr quf nuki`lkdk.Yufbf dpdrfifr uk jfksdcf fk pdktdbbd.

6.ILKN@HV_DI@K OY@ID GFB YFWV] GF BD O@LY

Bd O@LY fs fb Y`stfjd Osìl gf Fktrdgd/Ydb`gd (Odsì @kput-Lutput Yystfj) y yd v`fkf`kilrplrdgd d bd pbdid odsf d trdvs gf bd jfjlr`d nbdsa. Fs osìdjfktf bd fkidrhdgd gfb jdkfcl yilkn`hurdi`k gf bd pbdid odsf y sus iljplkfktfs.

Fb nuki`lkdj`fktl gf bd O@LY fs juy s`jpbf, stf sf fcfiutd idgd vfz quf sf rf`kì`d bdiljputdglrd.

Vkd vfz drrdkidgl fb fqu`pl, ady quf rfdb`zdr fb Yftup (dcustf gf ilkn`hurdi`k) gf bd O@LYpdrd su ilkn`hurdi`k osìd.

Bd dpdr`fki`d gf bds pdktdbbds gf dcustf gfb Yftup gf bd O@LY pufgf sfr g`nfrfktf gf ukd pbdidd ltrd, dukquf sfdk gf bd j`sjd jdrid.


13/22



Fcfjpbl3Yftup gf bd O@LY DJ@.

Fk fb jljfktl quf sf `kì`d fb lrgfkdglr, dpdrfifr fk pdktdbbd uk jfksdcf ilk bd `kgìdi`k gfpubsdr bd tfibd Yupr (l Gfbfk ltrls tfibdgls), pdrd fktrdr fk bd O@LY. Fk ltrls fqu`pls pufgf sfr bdtfibd Fsil N4?.

Fcfjpbl3Diifsl db Yftup gf bd O@LY Dwdrg.

Db pubsdr Gfb, bl pr`jfrl quf vfrfjls fs bd pfstdd Jd`k, quf fs bd pdktdbbd pr`ki`pdb gf bd O@LY,glkgf plgfjls jlg`nìdr bd nfiad y alrd gfb s`stfjd y fb `g`ljd gfb tfxtl. Dgfjs, `kgìd fb t`pl gfuk`gdgfs gf g`sil.

Fk bd pfstdd D` Wwfdefr plgfjls ilkn`hurdr bls pdrjftrls gf bd I]V, nrfiufki`d, rdt`l ytfks`k gfb kibfl. Klrjdbjfktf, bls ilkn`hurdrfjls fk jlgl Dutl.

D ilkt`kudi`k, fk bd pfstdd Olltplgfjls ilkn`hurdr bd pr`lr`gdg gf drrdkquf gfb s`stfjd. Bdsfiufki`d gf drrdkquf gfb s`stfjd plgrd sfr3 pr`jfrl bd uk`gdg bfitlrd gf IG/G^G y gfspus fb g`silgurl.

Db n`kdb, diifgf d bd pfstdd Fx`tpdrdhudrgdr bd ilkn`hurdi`k. Vkd vfz rfdb`zdgls bls idjo`lskfifsdr`ls, pubsd bd lpi`k Fx`t & Ydvf Iadkhfsl bd tfibd N4=. Y` kl sf qu`frfk hudrgdr idjo`ls, pubsdbd lpi`k Fx`t & G`sidrg Iadkhfsl bd tfibd Fsi.

Vkd vfz hudrgdgls bls idjo`ls, rf`kì`d fb lrgfkdglr. Ilkv`fkf vlbvfr d fktrdr fk bd O@LY yjdktfkhd bd pdktdbbd gf Adrgwdrf jlk`tlr gurdktf 4= j`kutlspdrd losfrvdr bd tfjpfrdturd gf bd I]V

y iljprufod quf kl slorfpdsd bls 66 I pdrd @ktfb >= I pdrd DJG.


14/22



>.IJL YDBWD_YF BD ]DYYXL_G GF BD O@LY

Bls jtlgls slk plils5 rfdbjfktf sbl ukl, y juy rdgìdb3 olrrdr bd O@LY fktfrd. ]drd fbbl,fx`stfk trfs nlrjds3

]lr slntwdrf t`pl adiefr. Dbhukls prlhrdjds sf fspfi`db`zdk fk gfstrlzdr O@LY, y s` sft`fkf sufrtf qu`z `kibusl gìfk iub fs bd pdsswlrg s`k tfkfr quf olrrdr bd O@LY.

Jfg`dktf uk cujpfr fk bd pbdid odsf. Fk dbhukds, kl tlgds, fx`stf uk cujpfr quf db ifrrdrsf(db ilkfitdrsf djods pdt`bbds), y trds ukls j`kutls gf fspfrd, pfrj`tf olrrdr bd O@LYb`jp`djfktf.

Gfsilkfitdkgl bd p`bd.Grstìl, orutdb, pfrl doslbutdjfktf fnfit`vl.

Fk n`k, sfd iljl sfd, rfiufrgd tfkfr ukd ilp`d fk pdpfb gf bd O@LY y gf bd pdsswlrg pdrd kltfkfr quf bbfhdr d fstls fxtrfjls.

8.GFWFII@K GF D^F_DY FK FB ]I

D ilkt`kudi`k, prfsfktdrfjls ndbbls, g`dhkstìls y plsòbfs slbui`lkfs pdrd bd nufktf gfdb`jfktdi`k, bd jfjlr`d _DJ, bd tdrcftd jdgrf y ltrls iljplkfktfs, yd quf fs gf sujd `jplrtdki`dquf iljl tikìls gf slplrtf y jdktfk`j`fktl gf lrgfkdglrfs sfpdjls `gfkt`nìdr ndbbls, gdr ukg`dhkstìl bl js plsòbf ifrtfrl y gdr ukd slbui`k db prlobfjd tdktl fk adrgwdrf l iljl fkslntwdrf.

Fcfjpbl3Yf prlguif uk slorfidbfktdj`fktl fk bd nufktf gf db`jfktdi`k. Fb tikìl t`fkf qufsdofr qu adifr y qu kl adifr dktf fsf prlobfjd, gdr uk g`dhkstìl y bufhl ukd plsòbf slbui`k.


15/22



8.4.Dvfrds fk ]I

Fqu`pl jufrtl3

l Iljprlodr nufktf gf db`jfktdi`k y cujpfrs.

Fb lrgfkdglr kl adif kdgd3

l Idobfs gf rfg l nufktf db`jfktdi`k jdb.

l @ktfrruptlr ]lwfr Lkjdb.

l Jìrlprlifsdglr gfnfitulsl l kl adif oufk ilktditl bls p`kfs. Tu`tdr y plkfr gf kufvl.

l Odtfrd jdb l juy odcd.

l O@LY l iudbqu`fr fbfjfktl jdb ilkfitdgl.

l ]bdid odsf gfnfitulsd.

l Y` ady uk fbfjfktl jdb ilkfitdgl fs plsòbf quf prlvlquf uk oblqufl gfb s`stfjd.l Tu`tdr tlgds bds pbdids y g`sils y gfcdr slbdjfktf bd ^HD y jfjlr`dl rffjpbdzdr stls plr

ltrls kufvls.

l @ktfktdr drrdkidr gf kufvl y iljprlodr fbfjfktls jdb `ksfrtdgls.

l Ltrls.

Db fkifkgfr fb lrgfkdglr p`td y kl ilkt`kd fb drrdkquf3

l ]lsòbf vfkt`bdglr quf ndbbd (l jdb ilkn`hurdgl fk O@LY) (\\\\\\\\\\\).

l ]lsòbf slorfidbfktdj`fktl (l jdb ilkn`hurdgl fk X`kglws) (\\\.\\\.\\\).l Ndbbl fk jfjlr`d _DJ (\\\....).

l Ndbbl fk tdrcftd hrnìd (- - - - - - - -).

l Jdstfr Ollt _filrg gfnfitulsl (64? oytfs pdrd ollt trdie l osqufgd gf Y.L. y pdrdgfn`k`r bds pdrtì`lkfs).

l ]rlobfjds gfb OLLW.

l Kl fkiufktrd bls dria`vls gfb s`stfjd.

l Kl ilktrlbdglrfs adrgwdrf @GF, YIY@ l YDWD.

l ]rlobfjds idobfs, db`jfktdi`k AGG.

l Ltrls.


16/22


Fkidrkdi`k Jdrk Idodbbfrl ]h`kd 4> gf ??

Fb lrgfkdglr fj`tf ukls p`t`gls y sf pdrd3

l Dvfr`hudr fb s`hk`nìdgl gfb p`t`gl usdkgl fb ig`hl ]LYW prlp`l gf bd O@LY.

Fcfjpbl3Fk fb idsl gf bd O@LY Dwdrg3

4 offp bdrhl y ? offp ilrtls3`kgìd ndbbl fk bd tdrcftd hrnìd.

4 offp bdrhl y 9 offp ilrtls3`kgìd Kl ady tdrcftd gf vgfl l _DJ vgfl jdb. _fpft`gl offp dbtl/odcl3slorfidbfktdj`fktl gf bd I]V.

4 offp bdrhl quf sf rfp`tf3ndbbl fk bd jfjlr`d _DJ.

_fstl gf ndbbls3jfg`dktf jfksdcfs fk pdktdbbd.

Offp dbtd nrfiufki`d iudkgl fst nuki`lkdkgl fb ]I3I]V rfidbfktdgd.

Fb lrgfkdglr prfsfktd uk frrlr fk pdktdbbd y kl drrdkid3

l Iafiesuj Frrlr3]lsòbf ndbbl gf p`bd. ador quf sust`tu`rbd y vlbvfr d ilkn`hurdr.

l

G`se ollt Nd`burf3ndbbl fk fb g`sil gf drrdkquf. Iljprlodr b`std gf AGG quf rfilklif y sulrgfk gf bfiturd, db `hudb quf dit`vdi`k gf bls idkdbfs (@GF l YDWD). ]rlodr fk uk `kì`l fkdutljtìl. Gfspus gf stl, rfv`sdr bds ilkfx`lkfs. ]drd `ktfktdr drrdkidr, gfcdr sbl fbg`sil gurl y iljprlodr fb drrdkquf (idobf sfbfit).

l Nblppy g`se(s) nd`b.

l AD_G G@YE @KYWDBB ND@BV_F.

l Adrg g`se(s) g`dhkls`s nd`b.

l Efyoldrg frrlr lr kl efyoldrg prfsfkt.

l

Efyoldrg `s bliefg lut - Vkblie taf efy.

l Jfjlry tfst nd`b.

l Lvfrr`gf fkdobfg - Gfndubts bldgfg.

l ]r`jdry jdstfr adrg g`se nd`b.

l ]r`jdry sbdvf adrg g`se nd`b.

l Yfilkgdry jdstfr adrg g`se nd`b.

l Yfilkgdry sbdvf adrg g`se nd`b.

]rlobfjds gf slntwdrf3

l ]rlhrdjds quf sf fcfiutdk frrkfdjfktf db `kì`l3 rfv`sdr fk jlgl JY-GLY (jsilkn`h) l fkX`kglws (IIbfdkfr).

l Gr`vfrs quf kl fstk `kstdbdgls (gr`vfrs fk ndorìdktf pbdid).

l Fqu`pl gfjds`dgl bfktl3 rfv`sdr fb gudb iadkkfb (prlp`fgdgfs gf j` ]I/s`stfjd l `kì`l),plsòbf v`rus3 rfstdurdr s`stfjd l dkt`v`rus kufvl, plil fspdi`l fk g`sil gurl l juynrdhjfktdgl.

l Iljprlodr bls prlhrdjds quf sf fcfiutdk l fstk `kstdbdgls.

l Ndbtd gf jfjlr`d.


17/22



_f`kì`ls fk I]V3

l ]rlobfjds gf slorfidbfktdj`fktl plr sui`fgdg, vfkt`bdglrfs rltls l ilkn`hurdi`k.

l Ndbbl gf djpfrdcf fk nufktf db`jfktdi`k.

l Ndbbl fk bd _DJ.

l

G`sil gurl ilk sfitlrfs gfnfitulsls (pdhfn`bf.sys).l ]dktdbbdzl dzub (gr`vfrs `kilrrfitls, ndbbl gf adrgwdrf).

_f`kì`ls gfb ]I db plil t`fjpl gf fkifkgfr ilk p`t`gls gf dgvfrtfki`d3

l Bd dbdrjd gf tfjpfrdturd y fb dcustf gf ilrtf plr prltfii`k gf tfjpfrdturd gf bd O@LYfst jdridgd d uk vdblr odcl, bl quf adif quf fb ]I sf rf`kì`f db gftfitdr quf bdtfjpfrdturd gf nuki`lkdj`fktl fs supfr`lr d bd n`cdgd fk bd O@LY. Fktrdr fk bd O@LY yidjo`dr fstls vdblrfs, ilksubtdkgl bls gdtls gfb jdkudb pdrd n`cdrbls d uk vdblr pt`jl gfnuki`lkdj`fktl.

l Fb ]I db rdtl gf fstdr fkifkg`gl, sf rf`kì`d sbl.l ]ufgf adofr uk prlobfjd gf tfjpfrdturd, iljprufod quf fb vfkt`bdglr gfb jìrl nuki`lkf

ilrrfitdjfktf, y quf adyd vfkt`bdi`k ilrrfitd (kl pfbusds diujubdgds fk rdg`dglr I]V).Iljprufod bls vdblrfs gf tfjpfrdturd y vfbli`gdg gfb vfkt`bdglr fk Adrgwdrf jlk`tlr lAfdbta Ytdtus.

Frrlrfs fk fb prlifsl gf idrhd gfb Y.L.3

l Frrlrfs fk bd idrhd gf bls ilktrlbdglrfs gf X`kglws gf 9? o`ts (^QG).

l

@kì`dr fk jlgl d prufod gf ndbbls (N1) ilk ilktrlbdglrfs gf 4> o`ts.l Iljprlodr prlifsl gf idrhd gf ilktrlbdglrfs fk fb dria`vl olltblh.txt.

l _f`kstdbdr fb Y.L. Drrdkidkgl gfsgf IG gf X`kglws Q] G^G gf X`kglws 8, 1, 4=.

l @kstdbdr gf kufvl tlgl fb Y.L., s`k rfspftdr rfh`strl dktfr`lr.

l Fb lrgfkdglr sf rfsftfd fk fb prlifsl gf drrdkquf gf X`kglws Q] l supfr`lr plr uk ndbbl fkbd idrhd gf uk ilktrlbdglr gf Q].

l Fb lrgfkdglr kl idrhd fb Y.L. plr uk ndbbl fk fb g`sil gurl, fk bds pdrtì`lkfs l fk fb OLLWgf drrdkquf.

Kl jf rfilklif k` bd Hrdodglrd k` fb IG-_LJ3

l Y` djols g`spls`t`vls sf fkiufktrdk ilkfitdgls fk fb j`sjl ilkfitlr @GF, pufgf quf blsgls tfkhdk fb cujpfr fk bd j`sjd plsì`k gf nuki`lkdj`fktl, pdrd fv`tdr fstl, ilkn`hurdrukl iljl jdfstrl, y fb ltrl iljl fsibdvl.

l Ndbbd ilkt`kudjfktf fb iurslr db jlvfr fb rdtk.

l ]lsòbfjfktf bls rlg`bbls gfb rdtk sf fkiufktrfk sui`ls, dor`r plr gfodcl bd tdpd, y ilk ukutfks`b`l ilk puktd rft`rdr bd sui`fgdg gf bls rlg`bbls.


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Fb vfkt`bdglr gf bd nufktf, sufkd js quf gf ilstujorf3

l ]ufgf adofr diujubdi`k gf sui`fgdg fk bd zlkd gf h`rl gf bd abìf gfb vfkt`bdglr, pdrdslbui`lkdrbl, tfk`fkgl fb ]I gfsilkfitdgl gf bd rfg fbitrìd, b`jp`dr ilk uk odstlki`bbl gfbls lgls, bd zlkd gf h`rl gfb vfkt`bdglr.

Fb ]I d vfifs drrdkid d bd 4 pfrl d vfifs iufstd vdr`ls `ktfktls3

l Y` tu ]I fs yd uk plil dkt`hul, pufgf quf dbhk idobf gf bd ndcd gf bls g`sils gurls fstjfg`l rltl (d s`jpbf v`std kl sf vfrd). Wf pufgfs dsfhurdr s` plkfs ukd ndcd vfr`nìdgd (bdgf bls IG-_LJ, s` fsts sfhurl gf quf kl ndbbd) y losfrvds quf kl vufbvf d ndbbdr dbdrrdkidr.

l ]`bd dhltdgd.Iljprlodr fb vlbtdcf (9 ^).

Db `kì`dr bd O@LY kls `kgìd odg iafesuj nd`burf3

l

Fsf frrlr sufbf gdrbl iudkgl bd p`bd quf db`jfktd db _WI+IJLY fst odcd gf tfks`k. Y`bbfvds juial t`fjpl s`k fkifkgfr fb fqu`pl, bd slbui`k fs sfki`bbd, idjo`dr bd p`bd (p`bd gfoltk t`pl I_?=9?).

Bd g`squftfrd kl nuki`lkd y fb BFG gf std kl sf dpdhd3

l Bd pr`ki`pdb idusd plr bl quf liurrf fstl, fs plrquf d bd alrd gf jlktdrbd, sf ad pufstl fbilkfitlr gf gdtls gf 97 p`kfs gf bd g`squftfrd db rfvs.

l Gfsilkfitdr bd ilrr`fktf gfb ]I, sdidr fb idobf gf gdtls gf bd g`squftfrd y gdrbf bd vufbtd.

8.?.

Dvfrds gf rfgfs

Kl ady ilkfx`k d rfg3

l Iljprlodi`k gfb B@KE (idobf gfb g`spls`t`vl y buifs).

Kl ady v`sò`b`gdg fktrf fqu`pls gf bd rfg3

l Iljprlodi`k gfb n`rfwdbb gf dkt`v`rus y gfb Y.L. (adhl uk ]@KH gfsgf idgd g`spls`t`vl, s`kl vfl ltrl g`spls`t`vl, fb kl v`sòbf t`fkf ilrtdnufhls dit`vl).

l _fv`sdr bds rfgfs ilk fb @]ILKN@H, djols fqu`pls gfofk fstdr fk bd j`sjd rfg(40?.4>1.=) l gfof `ktfridbdrsf fktrf fbbls uk _LVWF_ (bds @] quf ilj`fkzdk plr 4>0 slk

bds ds`hkdgds dutljtìdjfktf plr X`kglws).

l Frrlr fk prltlilbls WI]/@]. ]drd iljprlodrbl, adifjls uk ]@KH d kufstrd prlp`d @] l fkidsl gf quf kl rfsplkgd, d tu prlp`d tdrcftd gf rfg fk fb 4?8.=.=.4. Y` kl rfsplkgf, blsprltlilbls slk frrkfls.

l Yfrvì`l gf iljpdrt`r dria`vls f `jprfslrds kl ado`b`tdgl.

l _fv`sdr bls kljorfs gfb fqu`pl db quf `ktfktdjls fktrdr (RR@] RRkljorf KftO@LY).

Kl tfkhl @ktfrkft3

l _fdb`zdr pr`jfrdjfktf ]@KH d rlutfr pufrtd gf fkbdif (iljprufod ilkfx`k d tu rlutfr).

l Iljprlodr bls GKY.

l ]ufrtd gf fkbdif fk fb prltlilbl WI]/@] frrkfd pdrd jdkgdr gdtls.

l Nfiad gfb fqu`pl jdb (ndbbl fk fb ifrt`nìdgl gf sfhur`gdg).


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8.9.]rlobfjds ilk bls rfiursls

Fk ]dkfb gf Ilktrlb Y`stfjd Dgj`k`strdglr gf g`spls`t`vls. Iljprlodr prlobfjds fkg`spls`t`vls (, ?7 l `kibusl 9? pft`i`lkfs gf `ktfrrupi`k @_T, gfpfkg`fkglgfb kjfrl gf 1?I60 quf `kibuyd fk fb ia`psft sur.

Vk ia`p 1?I60 fs idpdz gf ilktrlbdr 1 @_T.


20/22


Fkidrkdi`k Jdrk Idodbbfrl ]h`kd ?= gf ??

Losfrvdr fb rdkhl gf g`rfii`lkfs gf F/Yut`b`zdgl plr idgd rfiursl l tdrcftd.

Fb jdpd gf F/Y gf uk ]I fs bd zlkd gf g`rfii`lkfs gf t`pl F/Y glkgf sf blidb`zdk y sfilkn`hurdk bls g`st`ktls g`spls`t`vls adrgwdrf gfb ]I.

Bds g`rfii`lkfs gf F/Y vdk gfsgf ==== adstd NNNN.

Iljprlodr fb idkdb gf GJDds`hkdgl d bls rfiursls.

Fk @knlrjdi`k gfb Y`stfjd. Iljprlodi`k gftdbbdgd gf rfiursls.

8.7.Ltrls prlobfjds

Fqu`pl bfktl3s`k idia, rfnrfsil l ilkn`hurdi`k t`fjpls gf G_DJ.

Dug`l3prlobfjds @_T, idobf dug`l, fti.

Kl IG-_LJ3fk Jlgl iljpdt`o`b`gdg JY-GLY : pls`obf v`rus fk JO_.

]ufrtl pdrdbfbl kl nuki`lkd3iljprlodr fb jlgl gfb pufrtl Y]]/FI]/F]].

Tu`tdr pdsswlrg3 ditudr slorf IBFD_ IJLY l qu`tdr p`bd l jfg`dktf prlhrdjd qu`tdrpdsswlrg.


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Fkidrkdi`k Jdrk Idodbbfrl ]h`kd ?4 gf ??

1.BD ]@BD GFB L_GFKDGL_

Dukquf sfdk dpdrdtls fbitrìls, bls lrgfkdglrfs t`fkfk ukd p`bdquf fktrd fk nuki`lkdj`fktliudkgl sf dpdhdk y adif quf sf kl sf olrrfk bls gdtls quf fstk fk bd IJLY(Iljpbfjfktdry JftdbLx`gf Yfjìlkguitlr) quf fs ukd jfjlr`d quf kl sf olrrd y quf dbjdifkd bd ilkn`hurdi`k gf drrdkqufgfb lrgfkdglr3 nfiad y alrd, bd ilktrdsfd gf diifsl db lrgfkdglr, fb lrgfk gf drrdkquf (g`sil gurl,

G^G l pfk gr`vfs VYO), bd vfbli`gdg gf bls pufrtls, bd vfbli`gdg gf bds jfjlr`ds, fti.

Ilk bd p`bd hdstdgd (l s`k fbbd)fb lrgfkdglr s`huf nuki`lkdkgl fxditdjfktf `hudb, pfrl bd nfiady bd alrd sf kls olrrdr y tfkgrfjls quf vlbvfr d ilkn`hurdrbd, y idgd vfz quf gfsfkiaunfjls fblrgfkdglr y bl vlbvdjls d ilkfitdr y fkifkgfr kls dpdrfifr uk jfksdcf s`j`bdr d fstf gf bd `jdhfk3

Y` fb lrgfkdglr ls gd db drrdkidr dbhukl gf bls s`hu`fktfs jfksdcfs gf frrlr sfhurdjfktf bd p`bdfst hdstdgd y adyd quf idjo`drbd3

O`ls IJLY Iafiesuj frrlr gfndubts bldgfg.

O`ls IJLY Odttfry blw IJLY wrlkh jfjlry s`zf.

Kl lpfrdt`kh systfj. I]V lvfriblie`kh nd`bfg.

Kfw I]V ads offk `kstdbbfg.

Idjo`drbd fk uk lrgfkdglr gf slorfjfsd fs rfbdt`vdjfktf sfki`bbl, s`fjprf quf kl adyd juialsidobfs plr jfg`l quf g`nìubtfk bd tdrfd, yd quf odstd ilk iljprdr ukd p`bd gf oltk jlgfbl I_-?=9? (ultrd `hudb d bd quf vd`s d idjo`dr), y ilk fb lrgfkdglr gfsfkiaundgl gf bd ilrr`fktf, dor`r fb lrgfkdglr,fxtrdfr bd p`bd ilk bd dyugd gf ukds p`kzds y vlbvfr d plkfr bd kufvd.

Vkd vfz afial fstl, odstdr ilk fkifkgfr gf kufvl fb lrgfkdglr y ilkn`hurdr bd nfiad y alrd.

_fiufrgd quf iudkgl adobdjls gf fqu`pls `knlrjtìls fstdjls adobdkgl gf dbhl gfbìdgl, plr

bl quf s` db gfsjlktdr dbhk iljplkfktf fkilktrdjls dbhl gf rfs`stfki`d sfr gfo`gl d quf kl blfstdjls adi`fkgl o`fk. Ady quf fv`tdr s`fjprf nlrzdr bds p`fzds plrquf sf pufgf didodr gddkgl fblrgfkdglr.


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0.WD_CFWD ]LYW

Bd tdrcftd ]LYWfs ukd tdrcftd gf g`dhkst`ils pdrd pbdids odsf, ilkli`gd iljl ]LYW Idrg.

Yf ut`b`zd pdrd iafqufdr y g`dhklst`idr prlobfjds fk bd pbdid odsf.

Iudkgl ukd pbdid kl drrdkid, sf `ksfrtd fstd tdrcftd quf dkdb`zd bls iljplkfktfs y sfdbd

jfg`dktf ukls ig`hls fb prlobfjd gf bd pbdid odsf.Fcfjpbl3Wdrcftd ]LYW pdrd sblt @YD.

Fcfjpbl3Wdrcftd ]LYW pdrd sblt ]I@.

Tema 9. Mantenimiento de Ordenadores

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