The Demerits of Telemedicine• Conferences and video can’t replace valuable time between

doctor and patient or more personal discussion that doctors and physicians might otherwise have with each other.

• Legal complications are raising another red flag. Laws and a set code of rules and ethics will first need to be applied before telemedicine can be used regularly in various capacities. This alone might take some time.

• Services and how professionals get paid for them will all need to be resolved as telemedicine becomes a more fluent practice. This can prove to be a difficult determination.

• Then we have clinical risk and over dependence on this telemedicine system. Due to the risks involved with what is reliable vs. unreliable information and over dependence or over use of telemedicine can easily get out of control until more uniformed strategies and procedures are put into play.

• As you can see telemedicine is not yet all worked out where it can be utilized constantly or flexibly.

TELEMEDICINE

 WHAT IS SATELLITE?•  A Satellite is a solid object which revolves around

some heavenly body due to the effect of gravitational forces which are mutual in nature. We can categorize satellites in two types, namely Passive Satellites and Active satellites. Passive satellites are not like active satellites. Even a moon can be a passive satellite. Thus passive satellites are relay stations in space. A passive satellite can be further subdivided into two types, namely Natural satellites and artificial satellites. A moon is a natural satellite of earth. But spherical balloon with metal coated plastic serve as artificial satellites.

•  Active satellites are complicated structures having a processing equipment called Transponder which is very vital for functioning of the satellite. These transponders serve dual purpose i.e. provides amplification of the incoming signal and performs the frequency translation of the incoming signal to avoid interference between the two signals.   

India:The first satellite that was used for communication purpose in INDIA was ARYABHATTA and it was launched in 19th April.1975. It was made and assembled by an organization called Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). In the year 1981, a satellite named APPLE was launched in space which was the first Indian Experimental communication satellite

Communication process

Earth station

Terrestrial system

User

Earth station

Terrestrial system

User

Satellite

Uplink

Antenna

Downlink

Antenna

Earth station

Terrestrial system

User

Earth station

Terrestrial system

User

Earth station

Terrestrial system

User

Earth station

Terrestrial system

User

SatelliteSatellite

Uplink

Antenna

Uplink

Antenna

Downlink

Antenna

Downlink

Antenna

TYPES OF ORBIT:• Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO): 35,786

km above the earth• Medium Earth Orbit (MEO): 8,000-

20,000 km above the earth• Low Earth Orbit (LEO): 500-2,000 km

above the earth

Simplex TransmissionApplications for simplex services

include broadcast transmissions such as:

• TV and video services• Radio services

Point-to-Point Duplex TransmissionApplications for duplex services include:• Voice Telephony transport• Data and IP transport (especially in

asymmetric configurations)• Corporate networks• TV and Broadcast program contribution and

distribution

Point-to-Multipoint TransmissionApplications for point-to-multipoint services

include:• Corporate networks, and business television• Video and broadcast distribution, including

Direct-to-Home Internet services

Mobile Antenna ServiceApplications for mobile antenna services

include:• Satellite News Gathering• Special Event and Broadcasting• Maritime services

Star NetworkApplications for Star Networks include:• Corporate Networks• Distance Learning

Mesh NetworkApplications for Mesh Networks

include:• National and International Telephony

and Data networks• Rural Telephony

ELECTRONIC MEDICAL

RECORD

DEFINITION:An electronic medical record (EMR)

(also electronic patient record or computerised patient record) is an evolving concept defined as a systematic collection of electronic health information about individual patients or populations.

CONTENT:It is a record in digital format

that is capable of being shared across different health care settings, by being embedded in network-connected enterprise-wide information systems. Such records may include a whole range of data in comprehensive or summary form, including demographics, medical history, medication and allergies, immunization status, laboratory test results, radiology images, and billing information.

ADVANTAGES:• Record keeping and mobility• Promote evidence-based medicine• Improve quality of care• Reduction of cost• Improve the follow up care

DISADVANTAGES:• Implementations• Training costs• Software maintenance costs• Start-up costs• Incentives

LEGAL STATUS:• Electronic medical records, like medical records,

must be kept in unaltered form and authenticated by the creator.

• Under data protection legislation, responsibility for patient records (irrespective of the form they are kept in) is always on the creator and custodian of the record, usually a health care practice or facility.

• The physical medical records are the property of the medical provider (or facility) that prepares them.

• This includes films and tracings from diagnostic imaging procedures such as X-ray, CT, PET, MRI, ultrasound, etc.

• The patient, however, has a right to view the originals, and to obtain copies under law.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Electronic_medical_record.jpg

FEATURES OF EMR:The EMR module is a fully

integrated details of Medical and clinical records of patients in the hospital. The system supports medical professionals of various departments of the hospitals with relevant information like medical examinations, diagnosis, treatment histories,test results and so on. The module provides access to critical and complete patient data that leads to high quality cost effective and efficient patient care.

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