Structuralism presentation
-
Upload
namra-syed -
Category
Education
-
view
370 -
download
1
Transcript of Structuralism presentation
![Page 1: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Structuralism
Lets Begin
Karachi University Department Teacher EducationBatch 2013th
![Page 2: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
PARTICIPANTS• Nabeel Ahmad• Maleeka Mehmood• Anum Hanif• Wajeeha Manzoor• Namra Mushtaq
![Page 3: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Coming Up Next!• Brief history.• What Structuralism Actually Is?• INTROSPECTION (method which forms the basis of
Structuralism.)
What is introspection, its merits and limitations.
• Exemplification
![Page 4: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 6: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Wilhelm Wundt• Wrote FIRST systematic book of psychology
(Physiological psychology)• After receiving M.D degree, he began career
as a Physiologist.• Later became interested in COMPLEX
MENTAL PROCESSES.• He was convinced that experimental
methods of PHYSIOLOGY could be applied to RESEARCH on
CONSCIOUSNESS
![Page 8: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Wilhelm Wundt is regarded as Father Of Experimental
PsychologyWundt broke
Consciousness into two categories
(Objective sensation and Subjective
feelings)
![Page 9: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
So What Structuralism Really Is
Refers to a theory of Consciousness developed by William Wundt and Edward Bradford Titcehner.
It seeks to analyze the ADULT MIND (birth-present) in terms of simplest definable components.
These components fit together to from complex experiences which are also related to Physical events
![Page 13: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Parts Leading To A Whole In
Mind
![Page 15: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Understanding Consciousness!
having Self
awareness and ability
to introspect
![Page 16: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Angry Girl V/S Angry Cat
If you are angry, you can try to understand your anger, why you are angry, what that anger feels like, etc.
But can a cat?
![Page 17: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
ELEMENTS OF CONSCIOUSNESS
• Consciousness the sum of our experiences that exist at any given time.
![Page 18: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Introspectionhave You Seen An Inspector?
![Page 20: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Oldest research method of psychology
![Page 21: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Introspection?¤ Introspection is the examination of one's own conscious thoughts and feelings.
¤ In psychology, the process of introspection relies solely on observation of one's mental state, while in a spiritual context it may refer to the examination of one's soul.
¤ Introspection is closely related to human self-reflection and is contrasted with external observation.
¤ The philosopher Plato asked, "…why should we not calmly and patiently review our own thoughts, and thoroughly examine and see what these appearances in us really are?"
![Page 22: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Introspective Observation is what we have to rely on first and foremost and
alwaysWILLIAM JAMES
![Page 23: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
•Cheapest and most economical method•No need of apparatus or laboratory•Can be used anytime anywhere.•Easiest and readily available to individual•Only method which helps a person to know and discover own feelings and emotions•This method gradually led to the development of more objective methods.
![Page 24: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Limitations
Data collected by introspection can not be verified/ proved .
It is possible that the reporter may knowingly lie or hide facts to mislead.
It can only be done by adults and not children.
It needs Highly TRAINED AND SKILLED workers
![Page 25: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
In introspection mind studies its own working but actually mind can not accurately study itself.
EXAMPLE When one is in fear/ anger he can not study his mind. After a while when anger disappears he can study his mind.
(To expect an individual to study the working of mind during an emotional state is a mistaken belief)
![Page 26: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
• Human beings are NOT Static Objects.• Their mental process is under constant change.• So when attempts to introspect, the STATE of
mental process disappears.• Hence introspection is generally carried out
when a particular state of mind we wish to study has passed.
• So it really is RETROSPECTION that we do.
![Page 27: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
How Do Structuralism and Introspection Relate to
Education
![Page 30: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
"cold", "crisp", and "sweet"
![Page 31: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: Structuralism presentation](https://reader036.fdocuments.ec/reader036/viewer/2022081505/58e900311a28abc7598b4b15/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)