Some spices
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Transcript of Some spices
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+ QUE PLANTES
Les espècies, a cavall entre la Farmàcia i la cuina
Col·legi de Farmacèutics de Barcelona
Barcelona, maig de 2012
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Concepte d’espècia
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Concepte d’herba aromàtica
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Concepte de condiment
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Le livre des merveilles de Marco PoloParis, Biblioteque Nationale
Significat d”espècies”
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Teories sobre la funció de les espècies
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Característiques fitoquímiques
Fracció volàtil + fracció fixa
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Relació espècies amb la salut
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Proposta de “TRES VIATGES”: Botànic / Geogràfic / Cuina – Farmàcia - Recerca
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Wasabia japonica
Rave japonèso wasabi
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Cultius al Japó
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Wasabi autèntic
Cuina japonesa
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La picor es deu a la presència de isotiocianatscom els de la mostassa, pujant per les fosses nasals i provocant degoteig de nas i llagrimeig, poc durador
Antibacterià i antisèptic
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Premis Ig Nobel de Química 2011
• Bactericidal activity of wasabi (Wasabia japonica) against Helicobacter pylori. Int J Food Microbiol. 2004 Aug 1;94(3):255-61.
• Tumor cell proliferation and cyclooxygenase inhibitory constituents in horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) andWasabi (Wasabia japonica). J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Mar 9;53(5):1440-4.
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Curcuma longa = Curcuma domestica
Zingiberàcies
Cúrcuma, safrà de l’Índia, turmènic
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Planta rizomatosa
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Curcuminoïdes:Curcumina i turmerina
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Colorant alimentari, i tèxtil
Cuina índia: Curri
Indústria
farmacèutica, cosmètica i perfumeria
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Colagog/Colerètic
• Antibacterià, antifúngic i antiparasitari
• Activitat anticolesterolèmicai antidiabètica
• "Curry chemical's ability to fight cancer put to the test". BBC News. 2012-05-06.
• "Curry compound could fight cancer; Curcumin may kill bowel cancer cells". NY Daily News. 2012-05-08.
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Cinnamomum zeylanicum= Cinnamomum verum
Lauràcia / Canyella
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Escorça interna
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Tanins
Olis essencials
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Cuina del sud-est asiàtic
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Aperitiva, digestiva, tònica i desodorant
"Specific Plant Terpenoids and Lignoids PossessPotent Antiviral Activities against Severe AcuteRespiratory Syndrome Coronavirus". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 50 (17): 4087–95. (2007).
"Orally Administrated Cinnamon Extract Reduces β-Amyloid Oligomerization and Corrects Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease Animal Models". PLoS ONE 6 (1): e16564. (2011)
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Ferula assafoetida
Resina / assafètida
Merde du Diable
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Medicina xinesa i medicina ayurvèdica
Cuina àrab / índia
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All / ceba
Resines / gomes / olis essencials
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Avortiu
AntisèpticAntiflatulent
Antiasmàtic
"Influenza A (H1N1) Antiviral and Cytotoxic Agents from Ferula assa-foetida". Journalof Natural Products 72 (9): 1568–72. 2009.
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Backhousia citriodora
Murta-llimona
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Antisèptic potentCuina australiana
Olis essencials / Citral
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Antiviral
"Essential oil of Australian lemon myrtle (Backhousia citriodora) in the treatment of molluscum contagiosum in children", Biomed Pharmacother. 58 (4): 245–247. (2004).
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Juniperus communis
Ginebres
Gàlbuls / fals fruit
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Cuina nord d’Europa Genièvre / Gin
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Resines / olis essencials
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Aperitiu, digestiu, diürètic
Tònic, desodorant
Avortiu
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Antimicrobial activity of juniper berry essential oil (Juniperus communis L., Cupressaceae).Acta Pharm. 2005 Dec;55(4):417-22.
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Syzygium aromaticum=Eugenia caryphyllus
Mirtàcies
Claus d’olor
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Cuina hindú i del sud-est asiàtic
Evita l’halitosi
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Olis essencials
Eugenol
Aromateràpia
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Antisèptic, anestèsic i antiinflamatori
Antiemètic
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Parafarmàciai tradicions
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• "Extensive screening for herbal extracts with potent antioxidant properties". Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition 48 (1): 78–84. (2011).
Antivíric (Herpes), anticancerós, fixador UV
• “Antioxidant property of aroma extract isolated from clove buds [Syzygiumaromaticum (L.) Merr. et Perry]”. Food Chemistry 74(4): 443–448. (2001)
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Crocus sativus
Safrà (groc)
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Cuina mediterrània
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Carotenoides: crocina(color), picrocrocina (gust)
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Antisèptic
Adulteracions
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• "Crocetin: An Agent Derived from Saffron for Prevention and Therapy for Cancer", Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology(2011)
• "Immunomodulatory Effects of Saffron: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial", Phytotherapy Research, 8 (2011)
Antineoplàsic,antimutagènic
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Capsicum annuum
Pebre vermell, pimentó (molt)
Hibridacions
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Cuina mesoamericana
Capsaïcina(escala d’Scoville)
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Cuina espanyola
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Digestiu
Antiinflamatori,antireumàtic
Analgèsic
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Vitamina C
Antioxidants
Paprika, cuina hongaresa
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Begudes d’ús lúdic
Analgèsic potent(dopatge)
• "Capsaicin, a component of red peppers, inhibits the growth of androgen-independent, p53 mutant prostate cancer cells". Cancer Research (American Association for Cancer Research)66 (6): 3222–3229. (2008)
• "Effect of capsaicin on substrate oxidation and weight maintenance after modest body-weight loss in human subjects.". The British journal of nutrition (Br J Nutr.) 90 (3): 651–59. (2004)
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Aframomum melegueta
Granes del paradís, pebre de Guinea
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Cuina centre i nord -africana
Olis essencials(= cardamom)
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Digestius
Antisèptics
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"Gorilla diet protects heart: grains of paradise". Asknature.org. (2010).
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Myristica fragans
Macís (nou moscada)
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Cuina asiàtica
Olis essencials, miristicina
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Antidiarreic
Antiespasmòdic
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Perfumeria
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"Low Cost, High Risk: Accidental Nutmeg Intoxication" (pdf). Emergency Medicine Journal 22 (3): 223–225. (2005).