Sistema Automatizado de Riego

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n UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL PEDRORUIZ GALLO

FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS FÍSICAS Y MATEMÁTICAS

ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DEINGENIERÍA ELECTRÓNICA

INTEGRANTES:

Castope Vega Cesar Augusto

Leyva Carhuatanta Gean Carlo

Rodas Carrasco Frank rlando

Tucunango !ed"na #"lly $o%ell

V&le' (uyen (a)lo !"guel

*CENTE:

Ing+ )l"tas Vera Carlos

C,RS:

C"rcu"tos El&ctr"cos II

La%)aye-ue ./0120.1/3


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SISTEMA AUTOMATIZADO DE

RIEGO PARA LAS ÁREAS

VERDES DE FACFYM

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ÍNDICEINTRODUCCIÓN................................................................................................... 5

OBJETIVO GENERAL:.......................................................................................... 6

OBETIVOS ESPECIFICOS:....................................................................................6

1. FUNDAMENTO TEÓRICO...................................................................................7

1.1. AUTOMATIZACIÓN..................................................................................................7

1.1.1. CLASIFICACIÓN TECNOLÓGICA:...................................................................7

1.1.1.1. Automat!mo! "a#$%a&o!:............................................................................7

1.1.1.'. Automat!mo! ()o*)ama&o!:.......................................................................8

1.1.'. APLICACIONES DE LA AUTOMATIZACIÓN:...................................................9

1.1.+. ELEMENTOS ,UE FORMAN UN AUTOMATISMO:.......................................13

1.'. EL RIEGO...............................................................................................................1-1.'.1. RIEGO POR GOTEO:......................................................................................15

1.'.'. RIEGO POR ASPERSIÓN:..............................................................................16

1.'.+. RIEGO POR MICROASPERSIÓN:.................................................................17

1.'./. RIEGO POR MANGAS:...................................................................................18

1.+. COMPONENTES 0 E,UIPOS DE UN SISTEMA DE RIEGO................................1

1.+.1. DIFUSORES 02O ASPERSORES:...................................................................19

1.+.'. MANGAS DE RIEGO:......................................................................................23

1.+.'.1. T(o! &% ma3*a!:........................................................................................231.+.'.'. Com(u%)ta o #o4u$$a &% )%*o:..................................................................25

1.+.+. TUBER5A:........................................................................................................26

1.+.+.1. Com(o)tam%3to &%$ a*ua %3 )%&%! &% tu#%)6a!:......................................27

1.+./. LLAVE DE PASO:............................................................................................32

1.+.-. REDUCTOR DE PRESIÓN:.............................................................................32

1.+.. V8LVULAS AUTOM8TICAS:..........................................................................33

1.+..1. T(o!:...........................................................................................................33

1.+..'. Fu3"o3am%3to &% u3a 9$9u$a !o$%3o&%:..............................................3

1.+..+. E$ *o$(% &% a)%t% ;:............................................................35

1.+.7. FILTRO DE MALLA:........................................................................................36

1.+.?. BOMBAS:........................................................................................................!

1./. COMPONENTES DE UN CIRCUITO AUTOMATIZADO:.......................................//

1./.1. DIS0UNTOR:...................................................................................................

1./.'. CONTACTORES:.............................................................................................5

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1./.+. MOTOR EL@CTRICO TRIF8SICO:.................................................................6

1././. TEMPORIZADOR A LA CONEIÓN:..............................................................7

1./.-. PULSADORES:...............................................................................................8

'. METODOLOG5A DE DISEO............................................................................49

'.1. IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LOS TIPOS DE PLANTAS................................................../'.1.1. C@SPED:.........................................................................................................9

'.1.'. PALMERA DE COCO:.....................................................................................9

'.1.+. FICUS BENJAMINA:.......................................................................................5!

'.1./. GUABA:...........................................................................................................51

'.1.-. IRESINE:..........................................................................................................51

'.1.. CUCARDA:......................................................................................................52

'.1.7. PONCIANA:.....................................................................................................53

'.1.?. CIPRES:...........................................................................................................53'.1.. OREJA DE ELEFANTE:..................................................................................5

'.1.1. ALMENDRO:.................................................................................................55

'.'. 8REAS 0 PER5METROS DE LAS ZONAS DE RIEGO:........................................-

'.+. LONGITUD 0 DI8METRO DE LA TUBER5A:........................................................-7

'./. C8LCULO DEL VOLUMEN DEL POZO:............................................................... -7

'.-. C8LCULO DEL C8UDAL DE ASPERSORES 0 DIFUSORES:.............................-7

'.. CARACTER5STICAS DE LA BOMBA A USAR:....................................................

+. DISEO DEL SISTEMA:...................................................................................61

+.1. UBICACIÓN DE ASPERSORES:........................................................................... 1

+.'. ZANJAS:................................................................................................................ /

+.+. UBICACIÓN DE TUBER5A:..................................................................................../

+./. EJEMPLOS DE CONEIÓN DE ELECTROV8LVULAS:......................................7

+.-. DISEO DEL CIRCUITO AUTOMATIZADO:.........................................................

+.. DISEO DEL TABLERO ELECTRÓNICO:............................................................7

+.7. CIRCUITO DETECTOR PARA LLENADO DEL POZO..........................................71

/. ELECCIÓN DE E,UIPOS E INSTRUMENTOS:...................................................74

/.1. TABLA DE PRESUPUESTO TOTAL:.....................................................................?

-. CONCLUSIÓN 0 RECOMENDACIONES:............................................................90

-.1. CONCLUSIONES:..................................................................................................

-.'. RECOMENDACIONES:.........................................................................................

. LINOGRAF5A:............................................................................................... 93

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INTRODUCCIÓN

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

P(*( ">%&&* >& *%()" #& ( $)" $%$+()" (($()")$&*#"# 4%"#/ 4"* &?&'4" "# %$4"# )& 4(%(# ## %$&'4"# )&*$&+"/ "# *&-*#"# -" "# 0& #& -&%( ( " (*+" )& ( "( )&*$&+"/ &%*& "%*"#. I-#" #& ( 4*"4%" -$&*%(# *&-"'&)(-$"4(*( "4%$'$(* '-" ';# & 4*"&-%" '"#%*()".

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OBJETIVO GENERAL:

• D(**"(* 4*"&-%" %-$-"/ & & 0& #& -*&& & )$#&@" )&

#$#%&'( )& *$&+" (%"';%$-" %&-$:$-()" *&:&?& %('>$ ()-*$4-$ )& "# 4*"-"# )& ( $**$+(-$ )& (# ;*&(# )&FACFYM.

OBETIVOS ESPECIFICOS:

D&%&*'$(* *&0&*$'$&%"# ,)*$-"# 4(*( -()( %$4" )& 4(%(&-"%*()( & ( :(-%()/ )& '")" )& (-&* &:$-$&%& & #" )&*&-*#" (+(.

A4$-(* "# #$#%&'(# )& 4*"%"-"" )& -"'$-(-$" )"'%$-(#4(*( ( (%"'(%$(-$ )& #$#%&'( )& *$&+".

D$#&@(* &((* & :-$"('$&%" )& "# #$#%&'(# )& -"%*"/

#&#"* (-%()"*.

M&?"*(* & -$)()" )& (# ;*&(# &*) )& %*( :(-%()/+(*(%$()" *$&+" $:"*'& 4(*( -()( ;*&(.

D$#'$$* "# &=-"# )& #" )& (+(/ %$$()" #"" "&-(*$" 4(*( '(%&&* & 4%$'(# -")$-$" (# ;*&(#&*) )& %*( :(-%().

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1. FUNDAMENTO TEÓRICO

1.1. AUTOMATIZACIN

L( (%"'(%$(-$ -"'>$( ( (4$-(-$ -"?%( )& ( %&-""+,( &-%*$-(/ &&-%*$-(/&';%$-(/ $)*;$-( B" '&-;$-( 4(*( %*(#:"*'(* +*( '&*" )& 4*"-"# )&:(>*$-(-$.

S& )&:$& #$#%&'( ';0$( " 4*"-" (%"'(%$()" -"'" (0& -(4( )& *&(--$"(* )& :"*'( (%"';%$-( #$ ( $%&*&-$ )& "4&*(*$" (%& "# -('>$"# 0& #& 4*")-&& & '$#'"/ *&($()" (# (--$" ()&-()(# 4(*( -'4$* ( :-$ 4(*( ( 0& (#$)" )$#&@()".

S )$:#$ & & -('4" )& ( $)#%*$( -"%*$>& ( )$#'$$* "# -"#%"# )& 4*")--$/&$'$( & %*(>(?" '"%"" *&-('( +*() $&*#$" )& -(4$%( 0& *&$&*%& &

&(# $#%((-$" & ( 4*&4(*(-$ )& %-$-"# &-$($()"#.

1.1.1. CLASIFICACIÓN TECNOLÓGICA:

E :-$ )& ( %&-""+,( &'4&()( 4(*( ( $'4&'&%(-$ )& #$#%&'( )& -"%*"/ #&4&)& )$#%$+$* &%*& (%"'(%$#'"# -(>&()"# (%"'(%$#'"# 4*"+*('()"#.

1.1.1.1. Automat!mo! "a#$%a&o!:

S& $'4&'&%( 4"* '&)$" )& $" :,#$-(# &%*& "# &&'&%"# 0& :"*'( & #$#%&'()& -"%*" 4"* &?&'4"/ -"%(-%"* *&# $)"# &%*& #, 4"* -(> &-%*$-"#. L(%*-%*( )& -"&=$"()" &%*& "# )$#%$%"# &&'&%"# )( +(* ( ( :-$ +$-( 0&)&%&*'$( (# #&@( )& #($)( & :-$ )& (# #&@( )& &%*()(. S& 4&)&)$#%$+$* %* %&-""+,(# )$:&*&%

• F,)$-( &';%$-( " $)*;$-(.• E-%*$-( *&# " -"%(-%"*.• E&-%*$-( %;%$-( 4&*%(# +$-(# >$%(>.

L"# $-"&$&% :)('&%( )& "# (%"'(%$#'"# -(>&()"# #"

1. O-4( '-" (-$".2. S" ' 4"-" :&=$>.3. L( '")$:$-(-$ " ('4$(-$ )$:,-$.. S"" 4&*'$%& :-$" +$-(# #$'4.5. N" #$*& 4(*( $'4&'&%(* :-$" )& -"%*" " )& -"'$-(-$ -"'4&?(#.

L(# &%(?(# )& "# (%"'(%$#'"# -(>&()"# #"

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1. P&)& #&* ' *">#%"#.2. (?" -"#%" 4(*( #$#%&'(# ' #&-$"#.3. E# ( %&-""+,( ' :;-$ )& &%&)&* 4"* -(0$&* "4&*(*$".

1.1.1.'. Automat!mo! ()o*)ama&o!:

S& $'4&'&%( 4"* '&)$" )& 4*"+*('( 0& #& &?&-%( & '$-*"4*"-()"*. L(#$#%*--$" )& %& 4*"+*('( )&%&*'$( ( :-$ +$-( 0& *&(-$"( (# &%*()(# (# #($)(#. S& 4&)& )$#%$+$* 3 :"*'(# )& $'4&'&%(-$

• A%'(%( 4*"+*('(>& $)#%*$( H" 4"* " & 0& ';# #& %$$( & (

$)#%*$(. E# &0$4" &&-%*$-" 4*"+*('(>& & &+(?& &-:$-"/)$#&@()" 4(*( -"%*"(* & %$&'4" *&( & ('>$&%& )& %$4" $)#%*$( 4*"-"##&-&-$(. S& %$$( 4(*( & -"%*" )& ';0$(# 4*"-"#.

• O*)&()"* PC $)#%*$( C()( & #& %$$( ';#. S" "*)&()"*-"'4(%$> -" "# PC )& #">*&'( & -(%" ( #":%J(*&/ 4&*" -" (*)J(*&%( &-$('&%& )$#&@()" 4(*( #&* *">#%" & &%"*"# $)#%*$(.

• M$-*"-"%*"()"* S" -$*-$%"# $%&+*()"# K-$4# 4*"+*('(>/ 0& $-& &

# $%&*$"* '$-*"4*"-()"* ( '&'"*$( "# 4&*$:*$-"# &-(*$"#. P(*(%$$(*"#/ "*'('&%& #& )$#&@( ( %(*?&%( &&-%*$-( &-,:$-( 4(*( ((4$-(-$/ 0& $-& & 4*"4$" '$-*"-"%*"()"* "# -$*-$%"# &&-%*$-"# )&$%&*:( &-(*$"# 4(*( 4")&* -"&-%(*#& ( "# #&#"* (-%()"*. S& %$$(#">*& %")" 4(*( #$#%&'(# )& -"%*" )& ';0$(# )& (# 0& #& ( ( :(>*$-(*

'-(# $)()/ )& :"*'( 0& ( *&)--$ )& -"#%& 4"* & '&*" )& $)():(>*$-()(# ?#%$:$-( ( '("* )$:$-%() '("* -"#%& )& )$#&@".

L(# &%(?(# ';# $'4"*%(% )& "# (%"'(%$#'"# 4*"+*('()"# #"

1. P&*'$%& ( +*( :&=$>$$)() 4(*( *&($(* '")$:$-(-$" " ('4$(-$".2. P&*'$%& $'4&'&%(* :-$" )& -"%*" )& -"'$-(-$ -"'4&?(#.3. O-4( 4"-" (-$".

L"# $-"&$&% *&-%" )& "# #$#%&'(# -(>&()"# #" :)('&%('&%& & '("* -"#%" #"" #$ & #$#%&'( ' #&-$"/ ( '&"* *">#%& ( '("* -"'4&?$)() )& (

%&-""+,(. S$ &'>(*+" %"# $-"&$&% -()( & " #" '&"#/ 4 & -"#%& #&*&)-& -"%$('&%&/ -()( & #& )$#&@( &0$4"# ';# *">#%"#/ "# #$#%&'(# )&4*"+*('(-$ #" -()( & '(# #&-$"#.

1.1.'. APLICACIONES DE LA AUTOMATIZACIÓN:

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A+"# &?&'4"# "# &-"%*('"# &

INDUSTRIA.

L( A%"'(%$(-$ I)#%*$( 4"#$>& +*(-$(# ( ( $ )& )$#%$%(# %&-""+,(#/ 4"* &?&'4" ( $#%*'&%(-$ 4&*'$%& '&)$* (# (*$(> )& ( '(%&*$( & ## )$:&*&%

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

AGRICULTURA GANADER5A 0 PESCA

S$#%&'(/ 4(*( & -"%*" )& $&*()&*"#/ #$#%&'(# (%"';%$-"# )& *$&+"/ #$#%&'(# )&

-(#$:$-(-$ )$#%*$>-$ )& 4*")-%"#/ -"%*" -$';%$-" )& $&*"#/ -"%*" (%"';%$-"4(*( ( ($'&%(-$ )& * (/ &%-.

Po) %%m($o:

R&-$&%&'&%& #& ( &'4&()" ( %$$(* *&) )& #&#"* $(;'>*$-(# 4(*( #(4$-(-$ ( -%$"# )& $&*()&*"/ &-$('&%& & +*() &=4"%(-$"/ 4(*(

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-%$"# ' &-,:$-"#. E#%"# &%"*"# 4*&-$#( '(%&&* (# -")$-$"'$-*"-$';%$-(# ' -"-*&%(# & %")" '"'&%"/ %" #& 4&)& -"#&+$* '&)$(%& &#" )& ( +*( -(%$)() )& #&#"* )$#%*$>$)"#/ %(%" & (-$"# (>$&*%"# -"'" & &4*"4$" %&**&".

E #" )& *&) $(;'>*$-(# )& #&#"* ?%" -" %&-""+,(# ((()(# )& -"%*" *&+(-$ )& $'$(-$ LED 4&*'$%& ( -*&(-$ )& 4*"-" %"%('&%& (%"'(%$()"*&)-$&)" -"#% )& "4&*(-$ (#, -"'" '&?"*( ( &:$-$&-$( ( -($)() )& -%$".

A)&';#/ ADVANTICSYS 4*"4"*-$"( #"-$" &-,:$-('&%& )$#&@()(# 4(*(-;'(*(# )& -*&-$'$&%"/ -(4(- )& '"$%"*$(* -"%*"(* -")$-$" )& %&'4&*(%*(/$'$(-$ '&)().

DOMÓTICA

U #$#%&'( )"'%$-" -(4( )& *&-"+&* $:"*'(-$ 4*"&$&%& )& "# #&#"* "&%*()(#/ 4*"-(*( &'$%$* *)& ( "# (-%()"* " #($)(#. E #$#%&'( 4&)&(--&)&* ( *&) &=%&*$"* )& -"'$-(-$ " $:"*'(-$.

L( )"'%$-( 4&*'$%& )(* *%( ( "# *&0&*$'$&%"# 0& 4(%&( %"# -('>$"##"-$( (# &(# %&)&-$(# )& %*( :"*'( )& $)(/ :(-$$%()" & )$#&@" )& -(#(# "+(* ';# '("#/ ';# 4&*#"(/ 4"$:-$"( :&=$>.

E #&-%"* )& ( )"'%$-( ( &"-$"()" -"#$)&*(>&'&%& & "# %$'"# (@"#/ & ((-%($)() ":*&-& ( ":&*%( ';# -"#"$)()(. H" & ),(/ ( )"'%$-( (4"*%( #"-$")$*$+$)(# ( %")" %$4" )& $$&)(#/ $-$)(# (# -"#%*--$" )& $$&)( ":$-$(4*"%&+$)(. A)&';#/ #& ":*&-& ';# :-$"($)() 4"* '&"# )$&*"/ ';# (*$&)() )&4*")-%"/ 0& +*(-$(# ( ( &"-$ %&-"+$-(/ #" ';# :;-$ )& #(* )& $#%((*. E)&:$$%$(/ ( ":&*%( '&?"* )& '("* -($)()/ # %$$(-$ ("*( ';# $%$%$( 4&*:&-%('&%& '(&?(>& 4"* -(0$&* #(*$". P(*(&('&%&/ "# $#%(()"* )&

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$%&*(-%$" #$#%&'( HMI 4*"'&& ( 4(*%$-$4(-$ )& -")-%"* ( ()&*%$* -()" &#$#%&'( #& )(-%$(/ 0& -()" & -")-%"* 4"& (# '("# & & "(%&.

E C"%*" )& R()(* D$;'$-" )& C*-&*" DRCC ()( ( 4&*'$%$* ( "# -")-%"* ('(%&&* ( &"-$)() (((* -" '("* -"'")$)() ( '$#'" %$&'4" *&)-$* "#

*$+"# 4"%&-$(/ ()()" 4(*( '(%&&* '(*+& )& -"?%" ( &,-"4*&-&)&%&.

KL( $#$ )& T""%( )& ')" #$ '&*% )& %*;:$-"/ %(# %&-""+,(#((()(# & &,-"# -"&-%()"# (%"'(%$()"# %$&& & 4"%&-$( )& *&"-$"(* ( #&+*$)() )& (%"'$/ #&+ S&$+" '($/ *"#(>& & T&-""+,( )&S&+*$)() )& T""%( M"%"* C"*4"*(%$".

1.1.+. ELEMENTOS ,UE FORMAN UN AUTOMATISMO:

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;#$-('&%&/ "# &&'&%"# " )$#4"#$%$"# 0& -"#%$%& (%"'(%$#'" #" "##$+$&%

• M8,UINA O PLANTA: E# & &&'&%" 4*$-$4( ">?&%" )& -"%*" (%"';%$-".P&)& %(* -"#%$%$)" 4"* $-" (4(*(%" '"%"* &-%*$-"/ >"'>( $)*;$-(/-"'4*"* )& ($*&/ ';0$( &**('$&%(/ &%-. " 4"* -"?%" )& )$#4"#$%$"#

)$#4%"# & 4(%( -" ( :$($)() -"-*&%( -$'(%$(-$ )& "(/ #$#%&'( )&*$&+"/ -$%( %*(#4"*%()"*(/ &%-..

• FUENTE DE ENERG5A: E# & '&)$" &'4&()" 4(*( *&($(* & -"%*". E

(%"'(%$#'" &-%*$-" %& '&)$" " -"#%$%& ( &&*+,( &-%*$-( (4$-()( & ##)$#%$%(# :"*'(#/ -"'" (# %&#$" -"%$(# " (%&*(# )& >(?( 4"%&-$( 4(*( (($'&%(-$ )& )$#4"#$%$"# )& -"%*" #&@($(-$ ($'&%(-$ #&-)(*$(B" (0&(# "%*(# )& '("* 4"%&-$( %$$()(# 4(*( '"&* (# ';0$(# " (-%(* #">*& (# 4(%(# ($'&%(-$ 4*$'(*$(. E (%"'(%$#'"# )& (%*(&(&';%$-(/ $)*;$-( " '&-;$-( $%&*$&& "%*(# :&% )& &&*+,( ">%&$)(#/*&-%$('&%&/ ( 4(*%$* )& ( :&*( )& ($*&/ ( :&*( )& (+ ,0$)" " 4"* (

%*(#'$#$ %*(#:"*'(-$ )& '"$'$&%"#.

• CONTROLADOR O AUTÓMATA: E# & )$#4"#$%$" " -"?%" )& )$#4"#$%$"#&-(*+()"# )& %(>&-&* & -*$%&*$" )& -"%*". P(*%$&)" )& ( #&@(4*"4"*-$"()( 4"* & )&%&-%"* " #&#"* &-(()" & ( ';0$( " 4(%(/ )&(-&*)" -" (# $)$-(-$" )& "4&*()"* " )& (+ -*$%&*$" )& (-%(-$

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4*&$('&%& )&:$$)"/ )&%&*'$( ( -"**")$&%& #&@( )& -"%*" 0& )&>& #&* (4$-()( ( (-%()"* 4(*( '(%&&* ( ';0$( " ( 4(%( & (# -")$-$" )&:-$"('$&%" 4*&$#%(#.

• ACTUADOR: E# & )$#4"#$%$" %$$()" 4(*( '")$:$-(* ( (4"*%(-$ )& &&*+,(

0& #& #'$$#%*( ( ( ';0$( " ( ( 4(%(. E '("* " '&"* (4"*%& &&*+%$-"0& 4*""-( & (-%()"* %; & -"#"(-$( -" ( #&@( )& -"%*" 0& &#'$$#%*( & -"%*"()"*. H(('"# (-%()"* %,4$-"# & (%"'(%$#'"# &-%*$-"#& "# *&#/ "# -"%(-%"*/ (# &&-%*";(#/ (# ;(# '"%"*$()(#/ "#%$*$#%"*/ &%-.

• SENSOR: E# & &&'&%" &'4&()" 4(*( '&)$* " )&%&-%(* ( '(+$%) )& (

(*$(>& 0& )&('"# -"%*"(*. A)0$&*& " )&%&-%( & $& )& 4(*;'&%*" ">?&%")& -"%*" &,( ( -"**")$&%& #&@(/ (>$%('&%& &-%*$-(/ ( )$#4"#$%$"-"%*"()"*. A+"# #&#"* )& #" :*&-&%& & (%"'(%$#'"# #"%(-'&%*"#/ -")$:$-()"* )$+$%(/ #&#"* )& 4*"=$'$)()/ #")(# )&%&'4&*(%*(/ )& 4*$ " )& $&/ &%-.

• OPERADOR: E# & -"?%" )& &&'&%"# )& '()" #&@($(-$ 0& :(-$$%( &$%&*-('>$" )& $:"*'(-$ &%*& 4&*#"(# (%"'(%$#'"# 4(*( '")$:$-(* "-"**&+$* (# -")$-$" )& (-%(-$ )& ( ';0$( " 4(%( >(?" -"%*".D&>&'"# -"#$)&*(* 0& ( '("*,( )& "# (%"'(%$#'"# )&>& 4"#$>$$%(* 0& &#&* '(" $-$)( )& :"*'( )$*&-%(/ & & $#%(%& )&()"/ #">*& & 4*"-"/-" & ">?&%$" )& #"&%(* #$%(-$" )& (&*,(/ )& '(%&$'$&%" " )&&'&*+&-$(.

E -"?%" )& )$#4"#$%$"# 0& :"*'& "# >"0 #&#"* -"%*"()"* #& )&"'$(-$*-$%" )& -"%*". E -"?%" -"#%$%$)" 4"* & (-%()"* ( ';0$(/ -$*-$%" )&4"%&-$( %('>$ #& ('( )& :&*( " 4*$-$4(. E >"0& &-(*+()" )& +&&*(* (#($'&%(-$" 4*$'(*$( #&-)(*$( *&-$>& & "'>*& )& -$*-$%" )& ($'&%(-$.

E & -$*-$%" )& -"%*" #& %$&& (>$%('&%& #&@( )& >(?( " '&)$( %&#$ )&>(?( 4"%&-$(/ 0& #" :;-$'&%& '($4(>/ & -('>$"/ & & -$*-$%" )& 4"%&-$(4&)& (4(*&-&* %&#$" & $%&#$)() &-%*$-(# &&()(# 0& (-& *&-"'&)(>&( )-"&=$ )& (%"'(%$#'" (%& -(0$&* $%&*&-$.

A)&';# )& "# >"0 >;#$-"# #&@(()"#/ ( 0& %&&* & -&%( "%*"# &&'&%"# "'&"# $'4"*%(% ( ( "*( )& -"#%*$* -(0$&* (%"'(%$#'". E%*& "%*"#/ )&>&*&'"#4&#(* & $-$*

o L"# )$#4"#$%$"# )& #&+*$)() &-(*$"#/

o L(# -")--$" &-%*$-(# )& #&--$ ()&-()( 4(*( (# ,&(# )& ($'&%(-$/

o L"# (*'(*$"# -()*"# &-%*$-"# 4(*( & ("?('$&%" )& )$#4"#$%$"#.

1.2. EL RIEGO

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16/96

4&*$()( & +"%(#. E (+( #(& 4"* "# (#4&*#"* )"%()( )& 4*$ &+( (#%(&"# ( %*(# )& ( *&) )& %>&*,(# -( -"'4&?$)() "+$%) )&4&)& )& ()$'&#$ ( -":$+*(-$ )& ( 4(*-&( ( *&+(*.P"* " %(%" ( )& (# -(*(-%&*,#%$-(# :)('&%( )& %& #$#%&'( 0& 4*&-$#")"%(* ( (+( )&4*$ ( ( &%*()( & ( 4(*-&( )& *$&+" 4"* '&)$" )& #$#%&'( )&

>"'>&". L( )$#4"#$-$ )& "# (#4&*#"* #& *&($( )& :"*'( 0& #& '"?& %")( (#4&*:$-$& )& #&"/ )& ( :"*'( ';# "'"+&( 4"#$>&.

1.'.+. RIEGO POR MICROASPERSIÓN:

A#, #& )&"'$( ( ( (*$(%& )& *$&+" 4"* (#4&*#$/ )& %$4" )& *$&+" "-($()"/ 4( $( ( )$*$+$)( (-$( ( "( )& #&" -&*-(( ( ( 4(%(/ "-4()( 4"* (# *(,-.

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18/96

P(*( (4$-(* & (+( ( "# #*-"# 4*&%( 4&*:"*(-$" ( )$#%(-$(# )&%&*'$()(# -";(# 4(*( (>*$* -&**(* & 4(#" )& (+(.S& $#%(( )# )& (>&*#& 4*&4(*()" & -('4" 0& ( #$&'>*( #& (( *&($()".D#/ #& 4&)& #(* -()" (#, #& *&0$&*( )*(%& ( -"#&-(.L(# '(+(# %; &-(# )& '(%&*$( 0& *$#%& (# $-&'&-$(# )& %$&'4" )&

#"/ (#$'$#'" )& "# )(@"# -(#()"# 4"* 4;?(*"# & $#&-%"# 0& 4&)( "-**$* )*(%& (%&'4"*()( )& #$&'>*(.

1.3. COMPONENTES Y EQUIPOS DE UN SISTEMA DE RIEGO

1.+.1. DIFUSORES 02O ASPERSORES:

1.+.1.1. Du!o)%!:

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S" ( )& (# 4(*% ';# $'4"*%(% & & -$*-$%" )& *$&+". S :-$ ( )& *&+(* -"'" #(& & (+(/ & ;+" )& *$&+" ( )$#%(-$(. L( #&&--$ )& '")&" "%*")&4&)& & +*( 4(*%& )& ( "( ( *&+(* ( (%*( )& (# 4(%(# 0& % -&*-( 0&4&)( ">#%(-$(* & (+(.

•

P&*'$%& *$&+" -$*-(* 4&*'(&%& (+"# )$:#"* *$&+( -" :"*'( )&*%;+".

• A-(-& )& 3 ( 5/5 '&%*"#.

• R()$" )& 1 ( 36!.

• C()( )& 8 ( 1!! B ( 36!.

• D*(-$ )& *$&+" '&)$" )& 12 '$%"#.

• L"# )$:#"* %; )%$()"# 4(*( (# #4&*:$-$ 4&0&@(#. S& 4&)& *&+(* -" 4*&-$#$ & (4&*%*( & (-(-&.

H To#%)a o Bo4u$$a: L( 4$&( 4"* )")& #(& & (+(. H( )$:#"* 0& ( $-"*4"*( "%*"# 0& "/ & & -(#" &-$%(*,(# -"'4*(*( (4(*%&. H( )$:&*&% %$4"# )& %">&*(# -()( ( %$&& -()( ;+" )$#%$%"#/ 4"* %(%" ' $'4"*%(%& 0& %&+(#

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20/96

%"# )"# &&'&%"# & -&%( ( ( "*( )& -"+&* ( %">&*( 0& '&?"* #& ()(4%& ( ("( 0& 0$&* *&+(*. T")"# "# :(>*$-(% :(-$$%( (# %(>(# & (# 0& $)$-( "#)$:&*&% -()( ;+"# 0& 4&) -"+&* )& ( '$#'( %">&*(.

H F$t)o: S :-$ &$%(* 0& ( #-$&)() 0& -"%$&& & (+( ">#%*( ( %">&*(.

H Tu%)"a &% $m(%a: S$*& 4(*( )'"%(* ( 4(*%& #4&*$"* )& )$:#"* 4")&* *&($(* ( $'4$&( )& :$%*" " ##%$%-$ )& ( %">&*(.

H V!ta*o: T*(#4"*%( & (+( )& ( *&) (#%( ( %">&*(. E #$#%&'( )& *$&+" #& #$%( >(?"%$&**( 4(*( *&+(*/ & ;#%(+" #& &&( #(& ( ( #4&*:$-$&. L( "+$%) )& ;#%(+" &&'&%" -(& ( ( "*( )& -"+&* )$:#"*/ ( 0& -")$-$"( ( (%*( ( ( 0&*&+(*;.

H Cu%)(o &%$ &u!o) : E# ( -(*-(#( 0& -")& & *%" )& &&'&%"#. S&& #&* )&4;#%$-" (0& %('>$ ( 4")&'"# &-"%*(* '&%;$-(/ #$&)" %( %$'( '-" ';#

*$#%&%& ( +"4 *"%*(#.

H Ro!"a &% "o3%K3 E# " )& "# &&'&%"# -(&. P(*( *$&+"# )"'#%$-"# (# ';#(>$%( #" " . L( &&--$ )& ( *"#-( )&4&)& & +*( '&)$)( )& ( %>&*,( "# (--"*$"# #()"# & ( $#%((-$.

C)t%)o! (a)a %!"o*%) %$ &u!o)

A -"%$(-$ %& '"#%*('"# "# %* (#4&-%"# ';# $'4"*%(% ( %&&* & -&%( 4(*(-"+&* & )$:#"*

o La a$tu)a &% %$%9a"K3:

E# :(-%"* ' $'4"*%(%&/ $)$-( ( (%*( ( ( 0& #& &&( & ;#%(+" #">*& & #&". S$" 0& #& 0$&*& *&+(* & -#4&)/ " ';# (>$%( #&&--$"(* " 0& %&+( ((%*( )& &&(-$ )& &%*& 5 1!-'. P"* & -"%*(*$"/ #$ #& 0$#$&*( *&+(* -('4" )&$&*>( " (# ?(*)$&*(#/ ( (%*( )& ( &&(-$ )&4&)&*; )& %$4" )& 4(%(# #*&-%$( (%*(. P(*( 0& 4&)(# %"'(* ( *&:&*&-$(/ 4(*( *$&+" *$)&-$( & )$:#"* ';# :*&-&%& & )& 5 1!-'.

o La to#%)a:

E#%( 4$&( '(*-( & ;+" )& *$&+" )& )$:#"* # (-(-&/ (#, 0& $'4"*%(%& 0& #&4*%& &-$( (%&-$ ( %& (#4&-%" #& -"?( ( "4-$ 0& '&?"* #& (?#%& ( (#&-$)().

E#%"# #" "# %$4"# )& %">&*(# 0& 4&) &-"%*(* & & '&*-()"

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H To#%)a! &% 3*u$o o: E#%& %$4" )& %">&*(# %$&& ;+" )& *$&+" :$?"/ 0& 4&)&#&* )& 9!/ 18!/ 27! " 36!. S :"*'( )& *&+(* (-$&)" (>($-" )& (+( #(-(-& )&4&)&*; )& ;+" 0& ((# -"+$)".

H To#%)a! au!ta#$%!: S" (# '(# &*#;%$/ ( 0& 4&*'$%& (?#%(* & ;+" )& *$&+"

( %# &-$)(). M-"# '")&"# )& )$:#"* ( (# $-"*4"*( )& :;>*$-( #" ("4-$ ';# *&-"'&)()(. C"'" (# %">&*(# )& ;+" :$?"/ (# (?#%(> *$&+( (-$&)" (>($-" )& (+(/ 4&*" & %& -(#" 4")&'"# *&+(* & ;+" )& *$&+".

H To#%)a! )otat9a!: S" *&(%$('&%& &(# & & '&*-()"/ (# 4&) &-"%*(* )&;+" :$?" " (?#%(>&. S 4*$-$4( $*%) 0& & -()( )& (+( &-(*$" 4(*( & *$&+" '-" '&"* 0& & (# (%&*$"* # *$&+" '-" ';# &:$-$&%&. M$&%*(# 0&(# %">&*(# "*'( (-& (>($-" )& (+( $:"*'&/ (# %">&*(# *"%(%$(# *$&+( -""# -"**"# )& (+( 0& *"%( &%*& &"#/ #$#%&'( 0& 4&*'$%& *$&+" ';#"'"+&" 4(*&-$)" ( "# (#4&*#"* 4*":$"(.

To#%)a! &% )a3a: S" 4(*&-$)(# ( (# )& ;+" :$?"/ 4&*" & %& -(#" " (-& (>($-" )& *$&+" #$ " 0& *$&+( "(# ' -"-*&%(#. P"* &?&'4"/ 4&*'$%& *&+(* 4(#$" #$ '"?(* :&*( )& -#4&). P&) &-"%*(* %">&*(# -" :*(?( & (%&*( )&)$:#"* " & ('>"# ()"#.

o La )o!"a.

L( *"#-( )&4&)& & +*( '&)$)( )& )$:#"* #&&--$"()". L( ';# (>$%( /(0& #& 4&)& &-"%*(* )& 4(*( (4$-(-$" ';# 4*":$"(. P"* " +&&*((-"#%'>*( ( #&* )& 4;#%$-"/ 4"* " 0& (-"#&?(>& #(* (--"*$"# )& '$#'"

'(%&*$( 4(*( " )(@(*(#.

1.+.1.'. A!(%)!o)%! &% tu)#3a:

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22/96

S" &0$4"# 0& )$#4"& )& ( %*>$( 0& ('&%( & (-(-& )& -"**" )& (+( 4&*'$%& & )(('$&%" )& -"**" ( " (*+" )& ( #&--$ )& %&**&".

• R$&+" -$*-(* '&)$(%& -"**" #$'4&.

• A-(-& )& 5/5 (#%( 15 '.

• R()$" )& *$&+" )& ! ( 36!.

• C()( )& 1!! ( 26!! B.

• D*(-$ )& *$&+" '&)$" 2! '$%"# )*(%& ';# %$&'4" 4 " #& *$&+( %")(( #4&*:$-$& ( '$#'" %$&'4".

• L(# %*>$(# #& )%$( 4(*( ->*$* +*() #4&*:$-$. S& 4&)& *&+(* -"4*&-$#$ & " 0& #& *&:$&*& ( (4&*%*( (-(-&.

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23/96

1.+.'. MANGAS DE RIEGO:

L( '(+( ( &**('$&%( 4(*( & *$&+" 0& ( %"'()" ( +*( *&&(-$( &%*& "#

4*")-%"* (+*"4&-(*$"# )()" # >(?" -"#%" )& $&*#$/ # 4*(-%$-$)()/ :(-$$)() )&'($4(-$/ %*(#()" & $#%((-$.

P"* )&:$$-$/ ( '(+( )& *$&+" %>" 4;#%$-" :&=$>& "* )& 4(*&) '*&)-$)(# *&-%" )& )$;'&%*". E +&&*( #& -""-& -"'" '(+(# ( "# )$;'&%*"#&%*& 5! '' & ';#/ (-(()" (#%( )$;'&%*"# -"'&*-$( )& 63! ''. S#"* 4&)& (*$(*/ )&4&)$&)" )& '(%&*$( *&0&*$'$&%"# &%*& "# !/2 ''(#%( "# !/6 ''. E#%"# )$;'&%*"# +*() "* )& 4(*&) *&)-$)"# $'4$-( (>(?( *$#%&-$( ( ( 4*$ $%&*( & -"'4(*(-$ -" ( %>&*,( *,+$)(.E#%" " ( (-& '&"# %$ " )& '(( -($)()/ 4"* & -"%*(*$" ( &**('$&%( '4")&*"#( #$ ( #('"# ()&-()('&%&.

C"-$'"# 0& ( '(+( *$&+" &&'&%" )& -")--$ )& (+( ( >(?( 4*$.

1.+.'.1. T(o! &% ma3*a!:

D)& # '(%&*$( -"#%$%%$" 4&)& #&* :(>*$-()(# &

Po$%t$%3o ;P%>

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Po$%t$%3o ;P%> "o3 !o(o)t% t%t$%

PVC ;PVC> "o3 !o(o)t% t%t$%

L(# '(+(# -" #"4"*%& %&=%$ 4*&%( ( +*( *$#%&-$( ( 4"()" '-,#$'"'("*. N" ">#%(%&/ ( ()&-()( $#%((-$ %*(%" )& ( '(+( *&)-& # )(@"-"#$)&*(>&'&%&.

L(# ';# %$$()(# #" (# )& P& 0& #& 4*&%( & )$:&*&% "* )& 4(*&).

1.+.'.'. Com(u%)ta o #o4u$$a &% )%*o:

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26/96

L(# %>&*,(# 0& #& &'4&( & (# -(($(-$" )& (+( )& #$#%&'( )& *$&+" #" )&4"$&%$&" )& -""* &+*". E#%(# %>&*,(# 4&)& #"4"*%(* +*() 4*$" 6 >(*/" #& 4)*& " #& *&>*(?(. E#%; )$#4"$> & (*$"# )$;'&%*"# 25 32 ''4*$-$4('&%&. L( &&--$ )& )$;'&%*" #& (-& & :-$ )& -()( )& (+(*&0&*$)". S$ 4(*( ( $#%((-$ )& (+( ( #'( )& -()( )& "# (#4&*#"* $:&*$"*

( 25!! B 2/5 '3B/ #&*; #:$-$&%& -" ( %>&*,( )& 25 '' )& )$;'&%*". E -(#"-"%*(*$"/ #& #(*; & )& 32 ''.

Ra"o)%! (a)a )%*o 3t%*)a&o!:

S& %$$( 4(*( -"&-%(* (# %>&*,(# )& *$&+" &=$#%& :"*'(%"# 4(*( %")" %$4" )&-"&=$". A -"%$(-$ #& 4*&%( ( 4&0&@( #&&--$ )& &"# ( 0& &=$#%&'-"# ';# %$4"#.

C"&-%"* 4(*( $* )"# #&--$" )& %>".

C"&-%"* 4(*( ">%&&* *('( )& (%>&*,( 4*$-$4(.

C"&-%"* #()" 4(*( $* (#&&-%*";(# -" (# %>&*,(#.

C"&-%"* &'4&()" 4(*( *&($(* )"#)&*$(-$" )& ( %>&*,( 4*$-$4(.

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C"&-%"* &'4&()" 4(*( #&(* & 4%":$( )& -$*-$%" )& %>&*,(#.

C"&-%"* %$$()" 4(*( $* 4$&(# )& *$&+"-" #($)( &'>*(

C")" %$$()" 4(*( -('>$(* ( )$*&--$ )&( %>&*,(.

1.+.+.1. Com(o)tam%3to &%$ a*ua %3 )%&%! &% tu#%)6a!:

E +&&*(/ -()" #& (+*&+( -"#'" ( ( $#%((-$ )& (+( )& ( -(#(/ #&)&>&*,( &*$:$-(* 0& )$-( $#%((-$ #&( -(4( )& &%*&+(* & :?" )& (+( *&0&*$)" (( 4*$ ()&-()(.S$ >$& -$&*%" 0& %& %$4" )& &*$:$-(- #& #&& "'$%$* ( $#%((* (**(0& 4(*( ((()"*( " (+*&+(* ( (& )& (+( 4(*( & ?(*),/ "'$%$* )$-( &*$:$-(-$ & ($#%((-$ )& *$&+" "# 4&)& &(* ( 4&*)&* ( $&*#$ $'4"*%(%&.E#%" #& )&>& ( 0& & -"#'" )& #$#%&'( )& *$&+" (%"';%$-" 4&)& &+(* ( #&*

>(#%(%& '("* 0& & -"#'" "*'( )& ( -(#( )& &-"/ #" *"-$()"* )&(*>#%"# )& 36! -"#'& ';# (+( 0& ( )-(.

,u %! $a ()%!K3

P"* )&:$$-$/ 4*$ ( :&*( (4$-()( #">*& ( $)() )& #4&*:$-$&. S& #&&'&)$* & $>*(# 4"* 4+()( -()*()( 4#$/ & >(* " & $"4(#-(.

27


28/96

S$ &'>(*+"/ -()" #& %*(>(?( -" ,0$)"# "'"+&&"#/ #& & 4&)& *&4*&%(* -"'"( (%*( (#%( ( -( #& 4&)& (-&* &+(* )$-" ,0$)". L(# :"*'(# ';# -"' )&*&4*&%(* ( 4*$ & :"*'( )& (%*( #" "# '$,'&%*"# )& '&*-*$" "# '&%*"#W-"'(W)&W(+( '.-.(./ #$&)" %( %$'( ( $)() )& '&)$)( ';# #()( & )$#&@")& *&) )& (+(.

,u (a!a "ua3&o !% mu%9% %$ a*ua &%3t)o &% u3a tu#%)6a

C"'" #& $#%*( & ( :$+*(/ #& 4*")-& ( )$#'$-$ )& 4*$ & ( '&)$)( & 0&& (+( :& )&>$)" ( ( :*$--$ 0& #& 4*")-& -" (# 4(*&) )& "# %>"#.E %& -(#"/ #& %$&& %* %*('"# )& )$#%$%" )$;'&%*" ( #&*$& )& %>"# &*%$-(4(*( (4*&-$(* ( 4*$ & # $%&*$"*. S& 4&)& (4*&-$(* 0& (# )$#'$-$" ';#>*#-(# #& 4*")-& & "# %>"# ';# )&+()"#.P"* "%*( 4(*%&/ #& %$&& 0& ( :*$--$ ('&%( & ( '&)$)( & 0& ('&%( ( &"-$)())& :?". C"'" & & 4*&%& -(#" " ( ()( 0& $'4$)( ( #($)( )& (+(/ (&"-$)() ('&%((#%( 0& ( 4*$ ( ( #($)( )& ( -(@&*,( #& ((.

S% (u%&% "a$"u$a) $a! ()&&a! &% ()%!K3 %3 u3a "a%)6a

S,. A -"%$(-$ #& '%*( ( :*'( 4(*( -(-(* ( 4*)$)( )& 4* 4"* -()('&%*" )& %>&*,(.

X P*)$)( )& -(*+( & %(%" 4"* " '.-.(.B' ()$'&#$"(Q X C()( & '3B# D X D$;'&%*" $%&*$"* )& ( %>&*,( & '

C X C"&:$-$&%& )& *+"#$)() CX15! 4(*( PVC

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,u (a!a ! 3"o)(o)amo! %$%m%3to! "omo 9$9u$a! "o&o! %t".

C()" #& $-"*4"*( &&'&%"# 0& (%&*( & :?"/ #& 4*")-& *&'"$"# / &-"#&-&-$(/ #& 4$&*)& 4*$/ %( -"'" #& $#%*( & ( :$+*(.E ( '("*,( )& "# -(#"# / %( 4*)$)( )& 4*$ 4*"4"*-$"( ( ( (%*( )&&"-$)() >(#%( '%$4$-(* ( (%*( )& &"-$)() 4"* -"&:$-$&%& )& 4*)$)( )& -(*+(#$+(*/ )&"'$()" / & -( )&4&)& )& ( :"*'( )& &&'&%".P"* &?&'4"/ & ("* )& 4(*( -")" %,4$-" )& !/9. A#,/ #$ ( (%*( )& &"-$)() :&

)& 1'/ ( 4*)$)( )& 4*$ & -")" #&*,( )& 9! -&%,'&%*"# 1 '&%*" '%$4$-()" 4"* !/9.

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S% (u%&% &%t%)m3a) %3 u3 !K$o (a!o !m($% "u$ %! %$ t%3&&o &% tu#%)6a! &%a$

E +&&*( "/ ( 0& (>$%('&%& &=$#%& ';# )& ( "4-$ %-$-('&%& :(-%$>&. P"* " '$#'"/ ( & -""-$)(# (# -(*(-%&*,#%$-(# )& (**(0&/ #& )&>&*; 4&#(* & ( "';# #"-$" 0& 4(*&-( *("(>/ *&$#(* # -"'4"*%('$&%" &*()"/ # -"#%" &* & 0 #& 4&)& '&?"*(*.N" #& %*(%( )& 4*"4"&* ( #"-$ (#%( & %$'" )&%(& & %( &%(4( 4(*( (

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32/96

1.+.-. REDUCTOR DE PRESIÓN:

D$#&@()" 4(*( #'$$#%*(* ( 4*$ )& #($)( -"#%(%& & ( $#%((-$ )& *$&+""-($()". E=$#%& )$#%$%"# '")&"# 0& #'$$#%*( 4*$ ))& 1 ( 2/5 >(*.

1.+.. V8LVULAS AUTOM8TICAS:

Y( (% #& (>,( #&@(()" ( &=$#%&-$( )& ;(# " #$#%&'(# (%"';%$-"# '((/4"#$> )& %$$(* & ( $#%((-$ )& *$&+"/ )&4&)$&)" )& # )$'&#$

-"'4&?$)()/ &%*& "%*(# -"#(#. N" ">#%(%& (0&"/ #&*; &-(*$"/ 4(*( 4")&* ';#()&(%& -""-&* & :-$"('$&%" )& 4*"+*('()"* &-%*$-"/ -""-&* (+(#-(*(-%&*,#%$-(# )& -$&*%(# ;(# 0&/ )()" ## #$#%&'(# )& :-$"('$&%"/ 4"#&&(+(# -(*(-%&*,#%$-(# (#$'$(> ( 4*"+*('()"*/ -"'" %('>$ #& '&-$"(*;(%&*$"*'&%&.

1.+..1. T(o!:

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33/96

V$9u$a! %$"t)"a! auto()o*)ama#$%!:

#%(# ;(# -&%( -" #$#%&'( )& -$&**& (4&*%*( -"%*"()" 4"* #"&"$)&>">$( '"%()" &-$'( )& ( ;(/ #">*& & -(/ ( # &/ #& -"#%*& 4&0&@"4*"+*('()"* ($'&%()" &-%*$-('&%&/ -" 4$(#/ >(%&*,(# B" %&#$ )& *&).

A $+( 0& (# ;(# "'%*$-(#/ #%(# #" -"%*"( #&-%"* )& *$&+"/ -" ()$:&*&-$( 0& %$&& ( -(4(-$)() )& ('(-&(* & 4*"+*('( " $#%*--$ $'4(*%$)( 4"* & "4&*()"* & ( '&'"*$( )$+$%( 4(*( *&4&%$*( 4&*$)$-('&%&/ #$ #& )&(/ ()&';# )&":*&-&* '-(# 4"#$>$$)() 4(*( )$#%*$>$* & *$&+".

V$9u$a! %$"t)"a! !o$%3o&%!:

F-$"( >;#$-('&%& $+( ( (# ;(# &-%*$-(# (%"4*"+*('(>/ -" ( &=-&4-$0& (# 4*$'&*(# :-$"( $)&4&)$&%&'&%&/ " %()" $+()(# ( 4*"+*('()"* &#, '$&%*(# 0& (# )& %$4" #"&"$)& :-$"( -"&-%()(# ( 4*"+*('()"* -&%*(0& "*'('&%& -"%*"( (*$(# ;(#/ 4"* " '$#'"/ '-"# #&-%"* )& *$&+".

1.+..'. Fu3"o3am%3to &% u3a 9$9u$a !o$%3o&%:

E #"&"$)& " >">$( 0& %$$( (# ;(# )& (+(/ #& (-%$( -" &&-%*$-$)() %$$()$:&*&% "%(?/ )&4&)$&)" )& '")&" )& ( ;(.

;#$-('&%&/ K#"&"$)&/ >">$()" " >">$( 4"* & -( -$*-( :?" &-%*$-" & -" -&%*" %$&& -&" )& :&**$%( '$/ :"*'()" 4"* &&-%*"$';. A '"'&%")& (-%$(* ( ;(/ #& (--$"( )$-" &&-%*"$';/ )&?()" (>$&*%" -")-%" 4"* & 0&-$*-( ( ',$'( 4(*%& )& -()( )& *$&+"/ 0& #" #$*& 4(*( 4*")-$* ()-"'4&#(-$ )& 4*$ )&%*" )& ( ;(. E#%( )-"'4&#(-$/ & )&:$$%$(/#&*; ( 0& (>*$*; ( ;( )& (+( -" %")" & -()( )& *$&+".

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E :&*" 0& (-& & #"&"$)& 4(*( (-%$(* ( ;( ',$'"/ " 0& *&))( & >(?" -"#'" )& &&-%*$-$)() ()&';#/ & :-$"('$&%" )& #"&"$)& )& ( ;( )&(+( %"%('&%& $)&4&)$&%&/ 4"* " %(%" & #"&"$)& " #& )(@( ( :-$"(* #$(+( / ( # &/ ( ;( 4&)& #&* "4&*()( %('>$ & :"*'( '((.

L( (4&*%*( )& ( ;( :-$"( +*(-$(# ( )"# -;'(*(# )& (+( #&4(*()"# 4"* ('&'>*(& )& -(-" 4&*'&(>&/ " #&(/ 0& 4&*'$%& & 4(#" )& (+( ( %*(# )& &(. E( -;'(*( #4&*$"* &( *"*%& 0& ()( ( -$&**& )& ( ;(. C()" & #"&"$)&%; -&**()" #$ &&-%*$-$)()/ ( 4*$ )& ( -;'(*( #4&*$"* $+( ( ( 4*$ )& (*&) )& *$&+"/ 4"* " 0& & *"*%& (-& 0& ( 4*$ %"%( )& ( -;'(*( #4&*$"* #&('("* 0& ( 4*$ )& ( *&)/ -&**()" ( ;( ( 4(#" )& (+(. A (>*$*#& &#"&"$)& -" &&-%*$-$)()/ -"&-%( ( -;'(*( #4&*$"* )& ( ;( -" ( %>&*,( )&#&-%"* )& *$&+"/ ( 0& %; ( ( 4*$ ';# >(?( 0& ( -;'(*( $:&*$"* )& ( ;(/4"* " 0& & *"*%& &-$)" :;-$'&%&/ (>*$)"#& ( ;( ( 4(#" )& (+(.

1.+..+. E$ *o$(% &% a)%t% ;:

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( *&) )& 6! '.-.(.. E#%" )( '(*+& )& #&+*$)() )& ! '.-.(. 4(*( *$#%$* +"4& )&(*$&%& (+(# (**$>( )& ( ;(.P"* "%*( 4(*%&/ ( 4*$ (%'"#:*$-( )& (4*"=$'()('&%& 1! '.-.(. E#%" #$+$:$-( 0&#$ ( >(?( )& 4*$ (+(# (>(?" )& ( ;( #4&*( "# 1! '.-.(./ & (+( )&%*" )& (%>&*,( #&+$*; )& (*+" 0&)(*; ( "( ( (-," ?%" ( ( ;(. L&+" & (+( #&

)&%&)*;/ #& )&"&*; & $'4(-%(*; ( ( ;( 4*""-()" (( )& 4*$.

D% 4u &%(%3&% $a ma*3tu& &% %!ta! 9a)a"o3%! &% ()%!K3

L( '(+$%) )& %& :&'&" )&4&)& :)('&%('&%& )& ( &"-$)() )& :?"/ &%$&'4" )& -$&**& )& ( ;(/ & (*+" )& %>" ( &(#%$-$)() )& %>".U( &"-$)() )& :?" (%( & %>" *,+$)" (*+" (-&%( & :&'&". S$ &'>(*+"/

-()" #& &'4&( %>"# ';# :&=$> PVC/ )& )$;'&%*" ()&-()"/ %& :&'&"#& %$&)& ( '(%&&* & *(+"# (-&4%(>.

A#$'$#'"/ %$&'4" )& -$&**& -"*%" %$&)& ( (-&%(* & :&'&". L('&%(>&'&%&/ (#&&-%*";(# #&& %&&* %$&'4" )& -$&**& >(#%(%& >&& %,4$-('&%& &%*& '&)$"#&+)" #&+)". S$ &'>(*+"/ ( :&=$>$$)() )& "# %>"# )& PVC ()( (-"'4&#(* %& :&'&".O%*(# :"*'(# )& (%&(* & :&'&" #" ( $#%((-$ )& ;(# )& #&+*$)() 0&4&*'$%( ( #($)( )& (+( -()" ( 4*$ #&( &=-$(/ "# %(0 -" +(#

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-"'4*$'$)" (# -$'&&(# )& &0$$>*$" %" / %>" &*%$-( (>$&*%" & # 4(*%&#4&*$"*.S$ >$& ( 4*$'&*( $#%( 4(*&-& (>#*)" 4&#(* & ( -$'&&( )& &0$$>*$" -" (4*$ )& (*$(# )&-&(# )& '&%*"# -"'( )& (+(/ (+(# (>(?" )& ( ;(/ "#'$#'"# *"-$()"* #& -"'4"*%( -"'" #$ " :&*(. P"* " '$#'"/ ( >(?( )& 4*$ ( (

#($)( )& ( ;( #& 4&)& *&)-$* ( *&)-$* ( )$#%(-$( &%*& ( ;( & 4*$'&* *"-$()"*.

1.+.7. FILTRO DE MALLA:

L"# :$%*"# )& '(( -"#%( )& ( -(*-(#( &=%&*$"* & -" $%&*$"* #& #$%( " " (*$"#-$$)*"# -"-%*$-"# )& '((/ 0& #" "# &&'&%"# :$%*(%.

E &%*('()" )& ( '(( 4&)& #&* )& "/ 4"$#%&*/ 4&*" 4*&:&*&%&'&%& #& %$$('((# )& (-&*" $"=$)(>&.

A :-$"(* %& %$4" )& :$%*"# 4"* *&%&-$ #4&*:$-$( )& (# $'4*&(#/ #%(# 0&)(*&%&$)(# &%*& & &%*('()" )& ( '((/ 4"* " 0& "# :$%*"# )& '(( &+( ( #-"'()" '-" ';# *;4$)('&%&/ 0& (-& 0& #&( &-(*$" *&($(* ( $'4$&(4&*$)$-( )& %"# :$%*"#.

P"* &"/ &=$#%& :$%*"# )& '(( -" #$#%&'( )& (()" '((/ #&'$(%"';%$-" "(%"';%$-". E (0&"# :$%*"# 0& %$&& (()" (%"';%$-"/ #%& #& *&($( +&&*('&%&-" ( >"0$( 0& #& )(( 4"* ( '(( 0& #--$"( "# #&)$'&%"# )&4"#$%()"#& # #4&*:$-$&.N" #& *&-"'$&)( %$$(* %& %$4" )& :$%*" & (+(# ' #-$(#/ " 0& -"%&+( (+(# &##4&#$.

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T")( '(( :$%*(%& 0&)( -(*(-%&*$()( 4"* & '&*" )& (4&*%*(# 4"* 4+()( $&(/

0& #& )&"'$( '&*" )& mesh " '&*" )& '((#/ 0& ( ( )&:$$* # -(4(-$)()

)& :$%*()".

D&-$* %('>$ 0& & +*"#"* )& "# $"# )& ( '((/ 4(*( '$#'" '&*" )& mesh

/ 4&)& #&* )$#%$%"/ #&+ #&( ( '(( )& 4;#%$-" " -" "# $"# )& (-&*" $"=$)(>&.E %& -(#"/ "# $"# )& ( '(( )& (-&*" $"=$)(>& #" ';# :$"# 0& "# )&4;#%$-"/ 4"* " 0& & &-" 0& 0&)( $>*& & (# '((# )& (-&*" #" '("* 0& "#

"*$:$-$"# )& (# '((# )& 4;#%$-".

E ;*&( &:&-%$( )& ( '(( Ae #& )&:$& -"'" & ;*&( &%( )& # "*$:$-$"/ #&

">%$&& '%$4$-()" # ;*&( %"%( A 4"* & 4"*-&%(?& )& &-" )& ( '((/

)&-$*/

Ae=%porcentajedehueco· A

L( 4*)$)( )& -(*+( 0& #:*& & :?" )& (+( ( 4(#" 4"* :$%*" )& '(( #& #$%( &%*&

1a3m.c . a . '&%*"# )& -"'( )& (+( -()" #%"# %; $'4$"#. E %")" -(#"/

( 4*)$)( )& -(*+( 0& 4*&%( -(0$&* :$%*" )(%" 0& )&>& #&* #'$$#%*()" 4"* & :(>*$-(%&.

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P&*" #$ #& -"'( " #& $'4$( *&+(*'&%&/ ( 4*)$)( )& -(*+( 4&)& &+(* (#%(

"# 5ó7m.c . a ./ )& (, ( $'4"*%(-$( )& *&($(* ( $'4$&( 4&*$)$-( )& (

#4&*:$-$& )& ( '(( & %"# :$%*"#.E -()( ( %*(%(* 4"* :$%*" )& '(( )&4&)&*; )& ( -($)() )& (+(/ & ;*&( &%( )&&&'&%" :$%*(%& ( 4&*)$)( )& -(*+( ()'$#$>&.

P(*( -(-(* ( #4&*:$-$& :$%*(%& S &-(*$(/ )&-$*/ & %('(@" & '&*" )&

:$%*"# 0& #& )&>& $#%((*/ #& (4$-( ( #$+$&%& :"*'(-$

S>1,2·Qe /Qt

E=4*$ (%&*$"* 0& 4*"4"*-$"(*; ( #4&*:$-$& ',$'( :$%*(%& S 0& #&*,(

&-(*$( $#%((*/ )")& "# (%&*$"* 4(*;'&%*"# 0& (4(*&-& & ( &=4*$ #"Qe & -()( )& (+( 0& &%*( 4"* & :$%*" 0& )(%" -""-$)" 4*"4$" )& (

$#%((-$/ Qt & -()( ';=$'" 0& 4"#$>& (%*((* 4"* & :$%*".

C" & %('(@" )& '(( ( -($)() )& (+( 0& #& %&+( & ( $#%((-$ #& %$$( (#$+$&%& %(>(/ )& )")& #& ">%$&& ( &"-$)() *&( )& (+( ( # 4(#" 4"* ( '((.

V&"-$)() *&( *&-"'&)()( & :$%*"# )& '((/ #&+ "*$:$-$" )& '(( -($)() )& (+(

Tamañodelorificiode lamalla(micras ,µm) Clasede aguaVelocidadrealdelagua ,

(m/ s)

3!! ( 125 L$'4$( !/ W !/9

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3!! ( 125 C" (+(# !/ W !/6

125 ( 75 C(0$&*( !/ W !/6

P"* %$'"/ -" & )(%" ">%&$)" )& ( %(>( (%&*$"* 4(*( ( &"-$)() *&( )& (+( ( #

4(#" 4"* ( '((/ #& &'4&( ( %(>( #$+$&%& )& )")& #& ">%$&& & -()( ';=$'" Qt 0& 4&)& -$*-(* 4"* & :$%*" )& '((# 4"* $)() )& ;*&( )& :$%*()"

C()( ';=$'" & :$%*"# )& '(( #&+ ( &"-$)() )& (+(

(m/ s) Qt (m3/h) porm2del!rea total

!/ 6

!/6 67!

!/9 1!!

U( & ">%&$)" "# ("* )& Qt Qe )& ( &=4*$ (%&*$"* #& ">%$&& (

)$'&#$ %"%( )& ;*&( :$%*(%& S .

E +&&*(/ 4(*( :$%*" )& '(( :$( 50−200mesh #& *&-"'$&)( ( &"-$)() )&

:$%*(-$ &"-$)() )& 4(#" )& (+( ( %*(# )& "*$:$-$" )& '(( )& 0,4a0,9m /seg .

E (+(# #4&*:$-$(/ +&&*('&%& ' -(*+()(# )& (+(#/ " -"$&& #">*&4(#(* (&"-$)() )& 0,6m/seg .

1.+.?. BOMBAS:

L( >"'>( )& *$&+" #& &-(*+( )& #'$$#%*(* & -()( &-(*$" ( ( $#%((-$ )& *$&+"( ( 4*$ *&0&*$)( 4"* "# &'$#"* 4(*( # -"**&-%" :-$"('$&%".

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40/96

1.+.?.1. T(o! &% Bom#a! &% R%*o

E %$4" )& >"'>(# 0& #& %$$( & (# $#%((-$" )& *$&+" #& -(#$:$-( & :-$ )&( :&%& )& &&*+,( 0& *&0$&*&/ (#, &-"%*('"# (# #$+$&%

E$%"t)o#om#a!: F-$"( '&)$(%& '"%"* &-%*$-" '"":;#$-" 23! "%*$:;#$-" !!/ )&4&)$&)" )& ( 4"%&-$( 0& 4"#&& & '"%"* &-%*$-".

Moto#om#a!: E'4&( -"'>#%$> ,0$)"# 4(*( # :-$"('$&%"/ ( 0&

&'4&( '"%"* )& -"'>#%$. E -"'>#%$>& *&0&*$)" #&& #&* +(#"$( &-()" )& '"%">"'>(# )& 4&0&@" -(>((?& " +(#"$ 4(*( (# )& '("* 4"%&-$(.

E #" )& " "%*" %$4" )&4&)&*; )& (--" 0& %&+( ( :$-( ( #'$$#%*" )&-"**$&%& &-%*$-(/ ( 0& 4*&:&*$>&'&%& #& $#%(( &&-%*">"'>(# & "# -(>&( )&

*$&+" 4"* # &-""',(.S& -(#$:$-( %('>$ & :-$ )& ( (%*( )& (#4$*(-$ 0& %$&&. L( (%*( )&(#4$*(-$ ( -"%( ( ( 0& #& $#%(( ( >"'>( 4"* &-$'( )& ( >"-( )& ( %>&*,((#4$*(-$ )& (+(. A#, #& )$#%$+&

Bom#a! !um%)*#$%! #& %$$( -()" & "# &'>(# )& *$&+" 4(*( &$'$(*

"# 4*">&'(# )& (#4$*(-$ -()" ( (%*( )& (#4$*(-$ &&()(. S& $#%((

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42/96

CKmo !% %!"o*% u3a #om#a

E 4*$-$4$" &=$#%& >(#%(%& :&=$>$$)() 4(*( -"+&* ( >"'>(/ ( 0& &=$#%& '-(#>"'>(# 0& -'4$*; -" & *&0$#$%" )& &%*&+(* (+( ( ( 4*$ (&-()( ( "#*"-$()"*.S$ -"+&'"# ( >"'>( 4&0&@(/ &-$%(*&'"# ( $#%((-$ -" '-"# -$*-$%"#.

S$ -"+&'"# ( >"'>( )& +*( -(4(-$)()/ &-$%(*&'"# '&*" '&"* )&-$*-$%"#. E ( 4*;-%$-( )&>&*&'"# "+&* ( -"'>$(-$ 0& *%& *("(>& ))& 4%" )& $#%( &-"'$-" 4*;-%$-".

A+"# :(-%"* 0& $'$%( ( -(4(-$)() )& ( >"'>( #" ( -(4(-$)() )& ( $#%((-$&-%*$-( & -"#'" )& -$*-$%" ';# +*()& 0& 4")('"# *("(>&'&%& -"-&>$*.N"%&'"# 0& " %$&& '-" #&%$)" *&+(* ?(*), -"'4&%" & #" -$*-$%"/ ( 0&4&*)&*,('"# ( -(4(-$)() 4(*( *&+(* "# %$&'4"# )& *$&+".P"* "%*( 4(*%&/ " -"$&& %&&* )&'(#$()"# -$*-$%"#/ ( 0& #& &-(*&-& & #$#%&'( )&-"%*" ('&%( & %$&'4" &-(*$" 4(*( *&+(*.E ( 4*;-%$-( ( 0& )$#&@(* #$#%&'( -" '&*" *("(>& )& -$*-$%"#/ "?(; -"

-"#'" #$'$(* 0& *%& &-"'$-('&%& -"&$&%&.

La ()%!K3 &% a*ua %! $a 4u% %3t)%*a $a #om#a !%*Q3 !u!%!(%""a"o3%!

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H( 0& #&* -$)()"#"#/ ( 0& " 0& (-& ( >"'>( (+*&+(* 4*$ ( ( 4*$)$#4"$>&.S$ %&&'"# ( >"'>( 4&*$:*$-( #(-()" (+( )& ( -$#%&*( ( 3' )& 4*":)$)()/%&)*&'"# ( 4*$ &+(%$( )& 4"-" ';# )& 3' & )$& ';# ( 4*)$)( & &%>"/ ;( )& 4$&/ &%-. ( ( &%*()( )& ( >"'>(. E#%( 4*$ )&>&*; #&* *%()( ( (

4*$ (4"*%()( 4"* ( >"'>(.P"* "%*( 4(*%&/ %( -"'" "-**& & (**(0& )& (+( 4"%(>& "*'(/ & ( >"'>( (4*$ )&4&)& )& -()(. L( *&(-$ &%*& (4"*%& )& 4*$ -()( #&& (4(*&-&* & +*;:$-" & (# &-$:$-(-$" )& ( >"'>(.S$ %& +*;:$-" " %$& )$#4"$>&/ #& 4&)& )&)-$* ( 4(*%$* )& ( $:"*'(-$ )&4(-(. A0,/ ( 4*$ ';=$'( -"**")& ( ( 4*$ -()" " ( :?" & -()(';=$'" -"**")& ( -()( -()" " ( (4"*%& )& 4*$. C" %"# )"# )(%"# (%(>( -" 0& -(-('"# "# (**(0 4"#$>& -""-&* & -"'4"*%('$&%" )& (>"'>( ( )$#%$%"# $& )& -"#'".

Po&%mo! u!a) u3a #om#a (a)a %$%9a) $a ()%!K3 &% $a )%& &% a*ua (ota#$%

S" #$ %$$('"# %(0& )& (-'(-$.S$ -"&-%;*('"# ( >"'>( )$*&-%('&%& ( ( *&)/ &=$#%& & *$+" )& 0& #& 4*")-(4*$" &+(%$(# & #%( / #$ >$& (+( :$%*(-$/ #& 4")*,( $:$%*(* >(**"/-"%('$()" & (+( 4"%(>&. P"* " '$#'"/ %; 4*"$>$)" *&($(* %& %$4" )&-"&=$".

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1.. COMPONENTES DE UN CIRCUITO AUTOMATIZADO

1./.1. DIS0UNTOR:

U )$#%"*/ (4(*(%" -(4( )& $%&**'4$* " (>*$* -$*-$%" &-%*$-" -()" (

$%&#$)() )& ( -"**$&%& &-%*$-( 0& 4"* -$*-( &=-&)& )& )&%&*'$()" ("*/ " && 0& #& ( 4*")-$)" -"*%"-$*-$%"/ -" & ">?&%$" )& &$%(* )(@"# ( "# &0$4"#&-%*$-"#. A )$:&*&-$( )& "# :#$>/ 0& )&>& #&* *&&'4(()"# %*(# $-" #"/ &)$#%"* 4&)& #&* *&(*'()" ( & "-($()" *&4(*()" & 4*">&'( 0& ((-(#()" # )$#4(*" " )(-%$(-$ (%"';%$-(.L"# )$#%"* #& :(>*$-( )& )$:&*&% %('(@"# -(*(-%&*,#%$-(#/ " -( (-& 0& #&(('4$('&%& %$$()"# & $$&)(#/ $)#%*$(# -"'&*-$"#.

Ca)a"t%)!t"a!:

C($>*& " -"**$&%& "'$( -"**$&%& )& %*(>(?" 4(*( ( -( %; )$#&@()" &

)$#4"#$%$". E=$#%& ))& 5 (#%( 6 ('4&*$"#. T&#$ )& %*(>(?" %&#$ 4(*( ( -( %; )$#&@()" & )$#%"*. E=$#%&

'"":;#$-"# 11! W 22! V %*$:;#$-"# 3!! W 6!! V. P")&* )& -"*%& $%&#$)() ';=$'( 0& & )$#%"* 4&)& $%&**'4$*. C"

'("* $%&#$)() #& 4&)& 4*")-$* :&'&"# )& (*-"# &-%*$-"# " (:#$ #")()*( )& '(%&*$( 0& $'4&)$*,( ( (4&*%*( )& -$*-$%".

P")&* )& -$&**& $%&#$)() ';=$'( 0& 4&)& -$*-(* 4"* & )$#4"#$%$" ('"'&%" )& -$&**& #$ 0& #%& #:*( )(@"# 4"* -"0& &-%*$-".

N'&*" )& 4""# '&*" ';=$'" )& -")-%"* 0& #& 4&)& -"&-%(* (

$%&**4%"* (%"';%$-". E=$#%& )& "/ )"#/ %* -(%*" 4""#.

P)3"(o &% u3"o3am%3to:

44

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S 4*$-$4$" )& :-$"('$&%" #& >(#( & 0& ( #'( :(#"*$( )& (# $%&#$)() )&,&( )& -$*-$%" &-%*$-" $+( ( -&*" ">#&*&'"# 0& & #$#%&'( '"":;#$-"( -"**$&%& 0& -$*-( 4"* & &%*" %$&& &=(-%('&%& & '$#'" ("* 0& ( 0& -$*-(4"* ( :(#&/ 4"* "# %(%"/ & #$%(-$" "*'( # #'( $+( ( -&*". C()" &"" #-&)&/ )&-$* -()" & &%*" " ( :(#& %$&*( ( 4*)$)( " )&*$(-$ )&

-"**$&%& ( %$&**(/ 4*")-$*; )&0$$>*$" 0& (*; (-%(* & '&-($#'" )&)-"&=$ )& )$#%"*.

1./.'. CONTACTORES:

E -"%(-%"* )$#4"#$%$" )& -"'%(-$ 0& #& (--$"( &&-%*"'(+%$-('&%&. S'$#$ ( )& -&**(* "# -"%(-%"#/ 4(*( 4&*'$%$* & 4(#" )& ( -"**$&%& ( %*(# )&&"# 4&*'$%$* 0& ($'&%& ( ( $#%((-$ " *&-&4%"*/ -" ( 4"#$>$$)() )& #&* -"'()()"# ( )$#%(-$(. E#%" "-**& -()" ( >">$( )& -"%(-%"* *&-$>& -"**$&%&&-%*$-(/ -"'4"*%;)"#& -"'" &&-%*"$'; (%*(&)" )$-"# -"%(-%"#.

V%3taa! &%$ u!o &% $o! "o3ta"to)%!:

• L"# -"%(-%"* 4*&%( &%(?(# & -(%" ( "# #$+$&% (#4&-%"# 4"* "#

-( *&-"'&)(>& # %$$(-$.

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• A%"'(%$(-$ & & (**(0& 4(*" )& '"%"*.

• P"#$>$$)() )& -"%*"(* -"'4&%('&%& ( ';0$(/ ))& >(*$"# 4%"# )&

'($">*( " %(-$".

• S& 4&)& '($">*(* -$*-$%"# #"'&%$)"# ( -"**$&% ' (%(#/ '&)$(%&

-"**$&% ' 4&0&@(#.

• S&+*$)() )& 4&*#"(/ )()" 0& (# '($">*(# #& *&($( ))& +(*(&?()"# )& '"%"* "%*" %$4" )& -(*+(/ (# -"**$&% %&#$" 0& #&'($4( -" "# (4(*(%"# )& '()" #" " 4&)& #&* 4&0&@"#.

• C"%*" (%"'(%$(-$ )& &0$4"# ';0$(# -" 4*"-"# -"'4&?"#/

'&)$(%& ( ()( )& "# (4(*(%"# (=$$(* )& '()"/ -"'" $%&**4%"* )&4"#$-$/ )&%&-%"* $)-%$"#/ 4*#%(%"#/ %&'4"*$()"*/ &%-.

• A"**" )& %$&'4" ( *&($(* '($">*(# 4*""+()(#.

1./.+. MOTOR EL@CTRICO TRIF8 SICO :

L"# '"%"* &-%*$-"# %*$:;#$-"#/ #& :(>*$-( & (# ';# )$&*#(# 4"%&-$(#/ ))& (:*(--$ )& -(>(" (#%( (*$"# '$ )& -(>("# )& :&*( HP/ #& "# -"#%*& 4(*(4*;-%$-('&%&/ %")(# (# %&#$" :*&-&-$(# 5! 6! H "*'($()(# ' ('&)"/ %; &0$4()"# 4(*( %*(>(?(* ( )"# %&#$" "'$( )$#%$%(#. S& &'4&(4(*( (--$"(* ';0$(#W&**('$&%(/ >"'>(#/ '"%(-(*+(#/ &%$()"*/ +*(#/'(0$(*$( &&()(/ #"4()"*/ &%-.

P)3"(o &% u3"o3am%3to:C()" ( -"**$&%& (%*($( "# (**"('$&%"# )& (# %* :(# )& '"%"*/ & & %(%"* #& "*$+$( -('4" '(+%$-" 0& $)-& -"**$&%& & (# >(**(# )& *"%"*.

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

4*"4"*-$ '("*.L"# '"%"* )& -"**$&%& (%&*( "# )& -"**$&%& -"%$( #& >(#( & & '$#'"4*$-$4$" )& :-$"('$&%"/ & -( %(>&-& 0& #$ -")-%"* 4"* & 0& -$*-( (-"**$&%& &-%*$-( #& &-&%*( )&%*" )& ( (--$ )& -('4" '(+%$-"/ #%& %$&)& ()((*#& 4&*4&)$-(*'&%& ( (# ,&(# )& (--$ )& -('4" '(+%$-".E -")-%"* %$&)& ( :-$"(* -"'" &&-%*"$'; )&>$)" ( ( -"**$&%& &-%*$-( 0&-$*-( 4"* & '$#'" ()0$*$&)" )& %( '(&*( 4*"4$&)() '(+%$-(#/ 0& 4*""-(/

46

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)&>$)" ( ( $%&*(--$ -" "# 4""# >$-()"# & & %(%"*/ & '"$'$&%" -$*-(* 0& #&">#&*( & & *"%"* )& '"%"*.P(*%$&)" )& &-" )& 0& -()" 4(#( -"**$&%& 4"* -")-%"* 4*")-& -('4"'(+%$-"/ ()&';# #$ " 4"&'"# )&%*" )& ( (--$ )& -('4" '(+%$-" 4"%&%&/ &4*")-%" )& ( $%&*(--$ )& ('>"# -('4"# '(+%$-"# (-& 0& & -")-%"* %$&)( (

)((*#& 4*")-$&)" (#, ( &&*+,( '&-;$-(. D$-( &&*+,( -"'$-()( (&=%&*$"* '&)$(%& )$#4"#$%$" ('()" :&-(.

1././. TEMPORIZADOR A LA CONEIÓN:

E# *& -" -"%(-%" )&#($)( -"&-%()# )& -$&*%" *&%(*)" ( 4(*%$* )& $#%(%& )& -"&=$ )& "# >"* )& # >">$(. A1 A2/ ( (*&). E %$&'4" )& *&%(*)" (?#%(>& '&)$(%& 4"%&-$'&%*" " *&+()"* :*"%( )&(4(*(%" #$ &&-%*$-". T('>$ #& & 4&)& *&+(* '&)$(%& 4"%&-$'&%*" *&'"%"0& 4&*'$%( & '()" ( )$#%(-$( %& 4"%&-$'&%*" #& -"&-%( ( "# >"* -" (#&%*(# Z1 Z2 " 4&)& (4$-(*#& ( "# *&# )& "# -"%(-%"#.

1./.-. PULSADORES:

U 4#()"* &&'&%" )& -"'%(-$ '(( 4"* 4*$/ -" -"%(-%"#"('&%& %$&& ( 4"#$-$ %(>&. A 4#(*"/ -('>$( )& 4"#$-$/ ( )&?(* )&4#(*"/ *&%"*( ( # 4"#$-$ $$-$( '&)$(%& '&& " *"*%& $%&*".L"# 4#()"* #" &&'&%"# 0& -"&-%( )-"&-%( $#%((-$" ';0$(#&-%*$-(# '&)$(%& ( #$'4& 4#(-$ #">*& "# '$#'"#. S" "# &&'&%"# )& '()"';# %$$()"#.

47

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1./.-.1. T(o! &% (u$!a&o)%!:

o Pu$!a&o)%! 3o)ma$m%3t% a#%)to! ;NA>: C()" "# 4#('"# #& &:&-%( (-"&=$ $%&*( )& ## )"# %&*'$(#. E *&4"#" "# -"%(-%"# %(*; (>$&*%"#

)&-$*/ #$ -"&=$ &-%*$-( &%*& &"#. S& %$$( +&&*('&%& 4(*( (4%( & '(*-( " & (**(0& )& ';0$(# & $#%((-$" &-%*$-(#.

o Pu$!a&o)%! 3o)ma$m%3t% "%))a&o! ;NC>: C()" "# 4#('"# #& &:&-%( (

)-"&=$ )& ## )"# %&*'$(. E *&4"#" "# -"%(-%"# %(*; -&**()"# -"-"&=$ &-%*$-( &%*& &"#. S& %$$( +&&*('&%& 4(*( & 4(*" )& ';0$(#& $#%((-$" &-%*$-(#.

E '$#'" 4#()"* 4&)& &=$#%$* ('>"# -"%(-%"#/ 0& -('>$( #$'%;&('&%& (#&* 4#()"#.U %$4" )& 4#()"* ' %$$()" & ( $)#%*$( & ('()" 4#()"* )& 4(*" )&&'&*+&-$(/ )&"'$()" -"''&%& K#&%(/ )&>$)" ( # (#4&-%" &=%&*". L( -(>&( )&%"# 4#()"* >(#%(%& ';# (-( 0& & "# "*'( )& -""* *"?"/ #">*& :")"('(*$". P&*'$%& ( 4(*()( $'&)$(%( )& ( $#%((-$ &-%*$-( -()" "-**& (--$)&%&. E#%"# 4#()"* &( )$#4"#$%$" $%&*" )& &-(('$&%" )& '%*(

0&/ ( & 4#()"/ " #& 4&)& *&()(* & :-$"('$&%" )& ( $#%((-$ (#%( 0&#& )&-(&/ 4"* &?&'4"/ '&)$(%& +$*" )& ( -(>&( " ( (& (=$$(*.

'. METODOLOG5A DE DISEO

2.1. IDENTIFICACIN DE LOS TIPOS DE PLANTAS

'.1.1. C@SPED:

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'.1.+. FICUS BENJAMINA:

E# ( 4(%( -%$(),#$'( & "# "+(*. P(*%& )& & =$%" #& )&>& ( 0& %"&*( (#(%(# %&'4&*(%*(#/ >(?"# $& )& )& '&)().

Lu: R&0$&*& (>)(%& .

T%m(%)atu)a!: E $$&*"/ " $)&( 0& " >(?& )& 13 C & &*(" (

';=$'( )& 2 C. um%&a&: N" &=$+&%& & '&)() ('>$&%(/ 4&*" (+*()&-& :$" *"-$()"

)$(*$"/ &=-&4%" -()" ( %&'4&*(%*( >(?& )& 15 C. R%*o: N" ';# )& 2 &- 4"* #&'(( & &*("/ ( & -()( 8 1! ),(# &

$$&*".

'.1./. GUABA:

50


51/96

F*%( & :"*'( )& ($(/ %$&& ( 44( >(-( )& #(>"* )-& (+*()(>&/ %$&&4")&* -$-(%*$(% (%$**&';%$-"#.

T%m(%)atu)a!: Biotemperatura media anual máxima de 25,1ºC y biotemperatura

media anual mínima de 17,2ºC.

Su%$o: L( 4(%( #& ()(4%( ( %")"# "# %$4"# )& #&"# &=$#%&%/ ))& "# ';#

:*%$/ (#%( "# ';# ;-$)"# & $:*%$/ & $-#$& "# (*&"#"#.S& )(**"" >$& & %&**&"# " $)(>. T"&*( $)*"'"*:$#'" 4&*$")"#&-"# 4*""+()"#.

'.1.-. IRESINE:

S" 4(%(# 4&*&/ &*>;-&(# " (*>#%$(#/ #& -%$( 4"* # :"(?& )& -""* &*)&W('(*$"W*"#(W*"?". P*")-& 4&0&@(# :"* >(-(# 4"-" )&-"*(%$(# 0& (4(*&-& &*(-$'"# 4"* &-$'( )& ( 4(%( (0& " #&& (4(*&-&* #$ %; & & $%&*$"*. L"#%("# #" &*+$)"# )& %""# *"?"#/ (# "?(# #" ("()(# )& -""* *"?" >*)&"# -" "#&*$"# >$& '(*-()"#.

Lu: M-( #$ #" )$*&-%".

T%m(%)atu)a!: L(# %&'4&*(%*(# " )&>& >(?(* )& "# 1! C " %$&&

+*() 4*">&'(# -" (# ';=$'(#. N" & +#%( & :*,". Su%$o: $& )*&()" #&%". R%*o: N&-$%( '&)() ('>$&%(/ 4"* " >&" 4&*$(* (# "?(# -"

:*&-&-$( & (# 4"-(# ';# -(*"#(#. L"# *$&+"# & 4"-( -(*"#( )&>& #&* (>)(%/ 4&*" #$ &-(*-(*.

'.1.. CUCARDA:

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L( C-(*)( " $>$#-" (*>#%" ' #()" & ( ?(*)$&*,( 4"* ( >&&( )& ##:"*. T('>$ #& & -""-& >(?" "# "'>* )& R"#( )& C$( F"* )&>". P&*%&&-& ( ( :('$$( )& (# M((-&(&. E H$>$#-" (%$" )& A#$( "*$&%(.

Lu: E H$>$#-" 4&)& -%$(*#& & #&'$#"'>*(/ #$&'4*& 0& #& +(*(%$-& (

>&( $'$(-$. S$ & #" )& '&)$"),( " ' :&*%&/ %('>$ 4&)&-%$(*#& ( 4&" #".

T%m(%)atu)a!: E H$>$#-" " %"&*( (# %&'4&*(%*(# ' >(?(#/ %('4"-" (#

&()(#. L( C-(*)( 4&)& #"4"*%(* (#%( "# 6 C/ 4&*" #& *&-"'$&)('(%&&*( ( ( %&'4&*(%*( " '&"* ( "# 15 C.

R%*o: L"# $>$#-"# )&>& *&+(*#& -" *&+(*$)() )*(%& & &*("/ (4$-()" 3

*$&+"# 4"* #&'((. D$#'$( & *$&+" )*(%& & $$&*" ( 1 & 4"* #&'((.V&*$:$0& 0& & ##%*(%" #& &-&%*& #&-" (% )& 4*"-&)&* -" & #$+$&%&*$&+". S$ ( %&'4&*(%*( ' (%( ( '&)() >(?(/ -"$&& *"-$(* (+( #">*&## "?(# &$%()" '"?(* (# :"*.

'.1.7. PONCIANA:

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T('>$ -""-$)" -"'" F('>"(%/ & 4"$-$(( *&( -$&%,:$-('&%& -""-$)(-"'" D&"$= *&+$(. V$&& )& ( :('$$( F(>(-&(& ( &-$& )& 4(%( )&:"*. S& )%(-( 4"* ## &&-"W-"'" (# "?(# ( *( 4"* ( 0& %('>$ #&-""-& -"'" F('>"(% #& )&>& ( ( &=$>$-$ "*+"#( )& ## :"*.

Lu: U>$-(* & & +(* ';# $'$()" )& ( -(#( " ( 4&" #". T%m(%)atu)a! L"# :('>"( *&0$&*& -$'( %*"4$-( " 4(*&-$)" ( %*"4$-(

4(*( #">*&$$*/ (0& 4&)& %"&*(* ( #&0,( #($$)(). E# ' )&$-()" &-(%" ( %&'4&*(%*(# '$$'(#.

Su%$o: R&0$&*& #&" 0& #&( >$& )*&()"/ '&)" ;-$)".

R%*o: R$+(" )& :"*'( *&+(* (>)(%& )*(%& ( %&'4"*()( )&

-*&-$'$&%"/ 4&*" *&)-& )*;#%$-('&%& ( -(%$)() )& (+( -()" & ;*>" %)*'$&%& & $$&*".

'.1.?. CIPRES:

L"# -$4* #" ;*>" )& "?( 4&*&& 0& %$&& "?(# 4((# (*>"*-&% -"4%(# (:$()(#. E & "%"@" & $$&*" 4*")-& 4&0&@(# >((# )& -""* +*$#4(%&()". A0& %*()$-$"('&%& #& -%$( ( ($*& $>*&/ '-"# ;*>" )& -$4*##& -%$( -"'" 4(%(# )& $%&*$"*/ ( #&( )&%*" " & "# 4"*- %&**((#.

Lu: C""-(* & -$4*# & +(* )")& *&-$>( #"(* )$*&-%( )*(%& -(%*" (

#&$# "*(# 4"* ),(. T%m(%)atu)a! E=4"#$-$ #"&()( (0& 4&)& 4(%(*#& ( #&'$#"'>*(. E#

' *$#%&%& ( -("*.

Su%$o: P*&:$&*& #&"# 4">*. R%*o: R$&+( %# ;*>" )& -$4*# *&-$ 4(%()"# )& (+( )"# &- 4"*

#&'((. D# )& )"# ( %* '/ (# *(,- %(*; ( %(>&-$)(# 4")*;# *&)-$* & *$&+" ( ( & 4"* #&'((.

'.1.. OREJA DE ELEFANTE:

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55/96

Á*>" )& "?(# -()-(#/ 4"-" :*")"#" " ' $+"*"#". P"#&& "?(# )& %$4"(-&"()(#/ %*&-(#/ 4%$(+)(# -" & $'>" )&%()"/ )$#%*$>$)(# )& :"*'((%&*(. E #$#%&'( *()$-( 4"-" *('$:$-()" )& :&*%& (-(?&.S# :"* #" &*'(:*")$%(# +&&*('&%& (%" $-"'4(%$> 4"* " 0& *&0$&*&)& 4"$$(-$ -*()(.

Lu: L(# -")$-$" ',$-(# ( )& #&* %"%(/ (#, 0& " '&?"* )$#4"&*"

& -('4" (>$&*%"/ &?"# )& -(0$&* ">#%;-" 0& 4&)( -(#(*& #"'>*( (-(#(/ ;*>" ';# (%"#/ &%-..

T%m(%)atu)a! E ('&)*" ( &-$& ' *#%$-(/ 4"* " 0& #">*&$& &

-")$-$" ' -"'4$-()(#/ (0& )$#'$& # *&%(>$$)(). Su%$o: L"# '&?"* #&"# #" (0&"# #&%"#/ $+&*"# (*&"#"#.

R%*o: E 4&*$")" )& '("* *&0&*$'$&%"# ,)*$-"# & & ('&)*" &

-"'4*&)$)" &%*& & $$-$" )& &+"*)& *;4$)" )& ( ('&)*( (# :&-(# & (#0& %( (-(( # "+$%) )&:$$%$( (# &-$)() )$#'$& & "#

4&*$")"# (%&*$"* 4"#%&*$"* ( #&@(()"/ 4&*" " 4"* &" #& )&>& #4*$'$* & *$&+"& # %"%($)().

'.'. 8REAS 0 PER5METROS DE LAS ZONAS DE RIEGO:

55


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'.+. LONGITUD 0 DI8METRO DE LA TUBER5A:

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C" ()( )& 4*"+*('( A%"CAD #& )&%&*'$ :;-$'&%& ( "+$%) %"%(852.2289m

E$ &m%t)o:

Tu#o &% &% (u$*a&a! - m

E ()&(%& ( ,&( 4&) )$#'$$* & )$;'&%*" )& ( ,&( 4*$-$4( ( ( 0& -&*-()& :$( #"" %(*; #'$$#%*()" (+( ( 2 " 3 (#4&*#"*.

Tu#o &% &% (u$*a&a + m

U#(*&'"# & %>" )& 4+()( 4(*( 2 " ';# (#4&*#"* 4(*( ">%&&* '&?"* 4*$.

'./. C8LCULO DEL VOLUMEN DEL POZO:

C"'" *&-"'&)(-$/ #& ( '")$:$-()" ( 4*":)$)() )& 4""/ )& 1.5 ' ( 3 '.

V"'& 1.5' = 1.5' = 3' X 6.75 '[

'.-. C8LCULO DEL C8UDAL DE ASPERSORES 0 DIFUSORES:

AREA 1:

GAMA MP ROTATOR 9! NARANA

R()$" 2.6 '

C()( !.! '[B = X !.16 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(

GAMA MP ROTATOR 36! VERDE

R()$" 2.6 '

C()( !.15 '[B = 1 X !.15 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(

AREA ':


R()$" 2.6 '

C()( !.! '[B = X !.16 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(

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R()$" 2.6 '

C()( !.15 '[B = 1 X !.15 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(

AREA +:


R()$" 2.6 '

C()( !.! '[B = X !.16 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(


R()$" 2.6 '

C()( !.15 '[B = 1 X !.15 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(

AREA /:


R()$" 2.6 '

C()( !.! '[B = X !.16 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(

AREA 7:

GAMA HUNTER PGP W 9! ROO

R()$" 8.5 '

C()( !.11 '[B = X !. '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(

GAMA HUNTER SRM W 36! VERDE

R()$" '

C()( !.!8 '[B = 1 X !.!8 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(

AREA ?:

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GAMA HUNTER SRM W 9! VERDE OSCURO

R()$" 5.2 '

C()( !.1 '[B = X !.56 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(


R()$" 5.2 '

C()( !.1 '[B = 1 X !.1 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(


R()$" .9 '

C()( !.1 '[B = 1 X !.1 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(

AREA :


R()$" 3.5 '

C()( !.!6 '[B = X !.2 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(


R()$" 3.5 '

C()( !.15 '[B = 2 X !.3 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(

AREA 1:


R()$" 6.1 'C()( !.19 '[B = X !.76 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(


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R()$" .9 '

C()( !.1 '[B = 2 X !.28 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(

AREA 11:


R()$" 2.6 '

C()( !.! '[B = X !.16 '[B

P*$ 2.1 >(* W 2!! P(


R()$" 2.6 '

C()( !.15 '[B = 2 X !.3 '[B

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AREA 1':

DIFUSOR SERIE 18!! TM NARANA

R()$" 1.65 '

C()( !. '[B = 1! X '[B

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'.. CARACTER5STICAS DE LA BOMBA A USAR:

S'()" ( 4*$ )& -()( (#4&*#"* B" )$:#"*/ )& -()( ;*&(/ &$+$&)" ( # &( ';=$'( )& &(#/ #& 4)" )&%&*'$(* ( 4*$ )& 29 >(*/ #';)"#& ( #%" (4*)$)( )& 4*$ )& 3!\ "*$+$()" 4"* :$%*"/ -")"#/ %>&*,(/ &%-/ #& ">%$&&:$('&%& ( 4*$ )& 3!W35 >(*/ ( -; #&*; ( 4*$ )& ( >"'>( ( #(*.

+. DISEO DEL SISTEMA:

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+.1. UBICACIÓN DE ASPERSORES:

D&-$)( & 0 +(* $#%((*; "# (#4&*#"* )$:#"*. L"# (#4&*#"*/ & +&&*(/ #&

-""-( ( ( )$#%(-$( &%*& 5 12 '&%*"#. L"# (#4&*#"* )& '&)$(" (-(-& )&>&*;-""-(*#& ( ( )$#%(-$( &%*& 5 8 '&%*"#. L"# )$:#"* )&>&*; -""-(*#& ( ()$#%(-$( &%*& 3 5 '&%*"#. E#%& (-$('$&%" 4&*'$%$*; & #"(4& )& *$&+" (#&+*(*;( )$#%*$>-$ $:"*'& )& (+(. N" -"'>$& )$:&*&% %$4"# )& (#4&*#"* )&%*" )&( '$#'( ;*&(. N" -""0& "# (#4&*#"* )&'(#$()" #&4(*()"# '(%+(#& )&%*")& (# &-$:$-(-$" '&-$"()(# & (# %(>(# )& R&)$'$&%" )& A#4&*#"* )& (-"%*(4"*%()(.

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• Pa!o 1: L"# 4%"# -*,%$-"# & 4(" #" (# $(#.D$>?& & -()( $( (#4&*#"* -" 4(%* )& *"-$()" )& -(*%" )&-,*-". U%$$()" -"'4;#/ )$>?& (*-" $)$-()" ( -":$+*(-$ )& *$&+")& (#4&*#"*.

• Pa!o ': S$ "# (#4&*#"* )& -(*%" " #& *"-,( &%*& #, (-$('$&%" )&(#4&*#"* ( (#4&*#"*/ -""0& "# (#4&*#"* ( " (*+" )& "# 4&*,'&%*"#. D$>?&"# 4(%*" )& *$&+" )& %"# (#4&*#"*.

• Pa!o + A"*(/ :,?& #$ "# (#4&*#"* )& 4&*,'&%*" *"-$(*; ( %*(# )& ;*&( (

"# (#4&*#"* )& "%*" ()". S$ " " (-&/ (@()( (#4&*#"* )& -,*-" -"'4&%"& & '&)$". U '")" #&-$" )& >$-(* %"# (#4&*#"* )$>?()" ,&(#*&-%(# 4&*4&)$-(* ))& (#4&*#"* )& 4&*,'&%*" ( "%*".N&('&%&/ %$$()" & -"'4;#/ )$>?& (*-" $)$-()" ( -":$+*(-$ )&*$&+" )&am

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