Seminario de InstrumentacionAnalitica

Aguas Residuales

Kathy NaranjoHach Company

Loveland, Colorado, EEUU

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinSolo trata con solidos suspendidos, nivel de lodo, organicos y OD, todo en linea. Julio, 2012

2Los basicos

Tratamiento de aguas residuales es el nico proceso en el mundo donde usted no puede controlar las entradas, sino que tienen que hacer una salida perfectamente controlada.

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinThe first statement is the absolute truthwastewater treatment is the ONLY process. Have the audience think about that for a moment Any other process is millions of times more controlled. Therefore, if we cant control our inputs, shouldnt we monitor our process continuously? Wastewater treatment is the only process in the world where you cant control your inputs, but have to make a perfectly controlled output.

3Monitoreado las aguas

Claves para hacer las cosas bien son los siguientes:

Optimizacin:El control del proceso, no dejar que te controle

Proactiva vs Reactivo

Utilizando menos energamenos productos qumicos

Simplemente hacer las cosas mejor, ms fcil

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinEmphasis is on the proactive vs reactive.Keys to doing things right are:Optimization:the process; not letting it control youUsing less energyLess chemicals Simply do things better, easier

Planta de Aquas Residuales

Como tratan los contaminates en el PTAR?

Alcantarilla

TratamientoMecanico

Separacionde Lodo

Tratamientode Lodo

TratamientoBiologico

Monitoreodel Rio

5Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales

Tratamiento Preliminario Tratamiento Primero

Remover los solidos sendamentales del agua residual Tratamiento Secundario

Remover los organicos disueltos, DBO, tanto como los solidosfinos.

Lodo Activado Nitrificacion

Tratamiento avanzado o terciario Retiro de nutrientes tanto como nitrogeno y fosforo

Manejo de Lodo Dewatering / deshidratacin Digestion anaerobica

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinAdvanced or Tertiary TreatmentRemoval of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphatesSludge HandlingDewateringAnaerobic Digestion

pH Conductividad Oxigeno Disuelto Solidos Suspendidos Nivel de Manto de Lodo Volumen del Lodo

Controlar y Monitorear el Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales

Organicos DBO, DQO, COT,

UV254

Nutrientes Nitrogeno y Fosforo

Metales Desinfeccion

Example Municipal NPDES Permit

8Solids Settling and Sludge Level Solids Measurements Reason

To optimize plant operation need to remove solids Removing solids, removes organics Process control

TSS, Total Suspended SolidsMLSS, Mixed Liquor Suspended SolidsSVI, Sludge Volume IndexRAS, Return Activated SludgeWAS, Waste Activated Sludge

Compliance: % removal

Recommended Sensors Solitax sc Sensor and sc Controller TSSsc sensor and sc Controller

Additional comments

Solitax sensor is placed in the sedimentation tank for real-time monitoring.

Insertion Mounting kits also available into pressurized pipes (requires special solitax probe).

Donde se miden los solidos?Equalization

BasinPrimaryClarifier

Aerobic / AnaerobicSludge Digester

Gravity SludgeThickener

SecondaryClarifier

NitrificationBasinAeration Basin

Plant Inlet(Influent)

FinalFiltration

Disinfection

Plant Effluent

Return Activated Sludge (RAS)

Waste Activated Sludge (WAS)

SludgeDewatering

SludgeDisposalSludge

Disposal

Centrate

1

1

1

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinstos son las posiciones tipicas de monitorear que avisan a un operador cuantos slidos l tiene en el sistema y donde ellos son. Hablaremos de algunas de estas posiciones de monitorear en unas de las diapositivas siguientes

These are the typical monitoring locations that let an operator know how many solids he has in the system and where they are. Well talk about a few of these monitoring locations on the next few slides

Prueba de laboratorio Metodo gravimetrico Aparato requerido:

Bombas de aspirador Desecador Horno para secar Balanza analitica Filtros de fiber de vidrio Sistema de filtro

Como se miden los solidos?

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinThis is the EPA approved method for reporting solids measurements. Many operators use this method for process control.

The analytical balance must measure out to four decimal places (0.0000 g)

Desiccator Drying ovenAnalytical balanceGlass fiber filtersFiltering system

SOLITAX sc

Amplio rango (0-4000 NTU/0-150 g/L SST) Autolimpiante La sonda puede medir SST o Turbiedad Fuente de Luz: LED a 880 nm Sonda de acero inoxidable

Un modelo de solo turbidez de PVC Utilizado con un controlador de Hach

Especificaciones de DesempeoLa tcnica de medicin

Utiliza la tcnica de la dispersa de la luz infrarroja para medir la turbiedad independiente del color. Turbidity in accordance with DIN EN 27027 / TS equivalent DIN 38414

Medicin de Rango

t-line turbidity: 0.0004000 FNU/NTUts-line, inline turbidity: 0.0014000 FNU/NTU; TSS content: 0.00150 g/lhs-line, highline turbidity: 0.0014000 FNU/NTU; TSS content: 0.001150 g/l TSS

Reproducibilidad Turbidity

Solitax: Calibracin Turbiedad: Conjunto de Calibracion: cilindro de calibracin, soporte para la sonda, el patrn

de formazina 800 NTU 1 punto Determine el factor entre el patrn la y medicin. Adjuste el setting del factor en

el controlador.

800 NTU Patrn 800 NTU PatrnFactor = -------------------------- -> -------------------------- = 1.07

Valor medido 750 NTU

SST Tomamuestra analizada en el laboratorio por la tcnica grvimetrica La correlacin del factor es calculado entre el analisis de lab y la medicion de

Solitax. El factor es adjustado en el controlador.

medicin de la tcnica grvimetrica Factor = -----------------------------------------------

Valor medido

Total Suspended Solids measurementwith TSS sc

High Temperature Corrosive Environments Aggressive Media Clean Conditions Dark Water/Sludge High Hygienic Requirements

With twelve instrument versions and thirty different mounting styles, the Hach TSS sc family can measure TSS in virtually all applications under the strictest regulatory conditions.

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinClean Conditions and high hygienic requirements: Because probe and inline armature (Varivent armature) have no gap where bacterials can adhire.

TSS scPrinciple of operation

The TSS sc probes have a doubleoptical system with two pulsatinginfrared LEDs and four receivers.

For suspended solids, the receiverspick up the incident light at 90 and120 angles, effectively doubling theaccuracy of the instrument.

For turbidity, the receivers pick upthe incident light at 90 angle butuses an additional emitter andreceiver pair for verification.

180

Receiver 3 & 4

Emitter 2Emitter 1 Receiver 1 & 2

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinDoppelte Lichtausbeute und daher mglich in dunkleren Schlmmen zu messen als bei der Solitax

TSS scBuild to withstand the harshest of environments

TSS HT sc: Specially coated electrical and optical systems provide TSS measurement in temperatures up to 90C.

TSS Titanium sc: Titanium housing provides measurement of TSS in aggressive media such as:

sea water brine chemicals

TSS sc family: Easy to clean sapphire window is designed to withstand harsh environments and keep particles from sticking to the surface.

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinEasy to clean sapphire window is designed to withstand harsh environments and keep particles from sticking to the surface due to high polished head

17

SedimentacinMedicin de Nivel de Lodo

El Razn Para controlar el retiro apropiado de los slidos sedimentandos (lodo) del

clarificador.

El sensor recomendado Sonatax sc Sensor

Comentarios Adicionales

Disponible con Montaje de Punto Fijo (Fixed Point Mounting) o con Montaje de Pivote para montar la sonda en un clarificador con skimmers

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinReasonTo control proper removal of settling solids (sludge) from clarifierRecommended SensorSonatax sc SensorAdditional commentsAvailable with Fixed Point Mounting or with Pivot Mount for mounting probe in clarifiers with skimmers

18

Solids Settling and Sludge Level Sludge Measurements

Reason To control sludge blanket in sedimentation basin Prevent upset

Recommended Sensors Sonatax sc Sensor and sc Controller

Additional comments

Measures Sludge Level or Sludge Height using ultrasonic signals

Easy removal of magnetic wiper

Fixed point or Pivot Mountings

Solids Settling and Sludge Level Example: Application in primary sedimentation tank

SONATAX sc starts the sludge draw off

SOLITAX highline sc stops the sludge draw off

Sludge level

Sludge Concentration MeasurementExample: Application in primary sedimentation tank

Four primary sedimentation tanks but process control with only one probe

Small basin ensures, that SOLITAX hs-line is always immersed in waste water

thick sludge to feed into digester thin sludge stop sludge drawoff

Advantages of using SONATAX and SOLITAX for sludge draw off:

Automatic sludge extraction

Optimum sludge extraction time

Highest possible solids concentration is extracted

Sludge is not to over-thickened, in order to ensure pump ability and minimize pump maintenance and repair expenses

Sludge level measurementExample: Application in primary sedimentation tank

BOD = Substancias accesible a oxidacion organicaCOD = Substancias accesible a oxidacion quimicaTOC = Registra el carbono organico totalSAC = Se focaliza en la absorcion de luz UV

Medicin de Orgnicos

Planta de Aquas Residuales

Dnde son medidos los orgnicos?

Alcantarilla

TratamientoMecanico

Separacionde Lodo

Tratamientode Lodo

TratamientoBiologico

Monitoreodel Rio

24

Razn La prueba de TOC mide la cantidad presente de carbn

orgnico en una muestra de agua.

Productos Disponibles Espectrofotometro y reactivos (lab) En-linea

Astro Biotector

Comentarios Adicionales

Compuestos orgnicos + Digestin CO2 + H2O La mayora de las pruebas de TOC utilizan calor, luz ultravioleta,

o unas sustancias qumicas fuertes oxidante (o una combinacin de los tres) para oxidar compuestos orgnicos a CO2 y H2O

OrgnicasMidiendo Orgnicas : TOC

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinMost TOC tests uses heat, ultraviolet light, or a strong chemical oxidant (or a combination of the three) to oxidize organic compounds to CO2 and H2O

25

Reason To measure online the organic content of a sample.

Recommended Products UVAS sc sensor and sc controller

Additional comments

Reagent-free

Measurement is done in situ

Measurement is ABS m-1 at x mm

50mm, 5mm, 2mm, 1mm

The double bonds in the organic molecules are detected by UV and can be measured in absorbance units.

Alcohols, sugars and organics attached to solids cannot be measured with the UVAS plus sc probe

OrganicsMeasuring Organics: UVAS

UV-2-beam-photometer Turbidity compensation by reference wavelength technique at 550 nm Measurement wavelength: 254 nm (in accordance to DIN 38404 C3) Measuring path length from 1 to 50 mm

UVAS plus scFunctional principle

flashlamp

measuring path

me

refreceiver

me

ref

E

Er

EmE

Ganglinienvergleich der Gerte TOCTAX und UVASplusam Ablauf einer Vorklrung

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

28. Sep 29. Sep 30. Sep 1. Okt 2. Okt 3. Okt 4. Okt

Konze

ntrati

on [m

g/l TO

C bzw

. mg/l

DOCu

v]

mg/l TOC (TOCTAX) mg/l DOCuv(UVASplus)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

0 24 48 72 96 1200

10

20

30

40

50

60CSB [mg/l]

t [h]

SAK [1/m]

SAC / TOCOutlet primary clarifier

TOC measurementwith TOCTAX

SAC / CODInlet wwtp

COD measurement with an online analyser using Ozone as oxidation reagent

Differences because ofparticulate COD

UVAS plus scComparison between SAC/TOC and SAC/COD Inlet wwtp

SAC 254Medicin de Orgnicos

SAC (Spectral Absorbance Coefficient)Correlaciona a:

DBO5 DQO

Confiabilidad Superior Tpicamente 99.7% on line!!

Alta Aplicabilidad Sistema Patentado de dos etapas de Oxidacin (TSAO) capaz de manejar las muestras mas duras como aceite, grasas, sales, barros, partculas de hasta 2mm!!

Diseo inteligente Sistema de auto limpieza y tubera sobredimensionada elimina la necesidad de filtros y previene taponaduras.

Mantenimiento Mnimo No requiere calibracin y el intervalo de servicio es de 6 meses.

Bajo costo de operacin Provee una rpido ROI, sustentado en bajar consumo de reactivos, evitando perdidas y ayudando a optimizar el proceso.

BioTector B7000 TOC Analyzer

On-line sensorOil in water measurement

Background FP 360 sc detects PAH (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) which

is a component of mineral oil Reason

Inlet observation of a wwtp Event controlled automatic sampling Direct and indirect discharge monitoring

Recommended Sensor FP 360 sc (5000 ppb) stainless steel or titanium

0-50 g/L, 0-500 g/L PAH 0.1-1.5 mg/L, 0.1-15 mg/L Oil(related to PAH / Oil calibration standards) PAH detection limit in pure water:

1.2 g/L (ppb) of Phenanthrene

Low Range Version: Ranges

0-500 g/L, 0-5000 g/L PAH 0.1-15 mg/L, 0.1-150 mg/L Oil(related to PAH / Oil calibration standards)

High Range Version: Ranges

Oil in water measurement with FP 360 sc

1. Excitation by short-wavelength

UV radiation,e.g. = 254 nm

2. Time-shifted emission of afluorescence

spectrum with longer wavelengths

Phenantrenemolecule

FP 360 scHow does flourescense work?

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinWe use 254 nm radiation from a flash lampTimeshift is on order of nanosecondsPAH emits in a certain wavelength

OIW Monitoring at a WWTP (ppb)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

6/20/080:00

6/20/087:12

6/20/0814:24

6/20/0821:36

6/21/084:48

6/21/0812:00

6/21/0819:12

6/22/082:24

6/22/089:36

6/22/0816:48

6/23/080:00

6/23/087:12

6/23/0814:24

6/23/0821:36

Data from a real oil accident that happened on WWTP where the OIW probe is installed at the inlet.

The plant operators described the event as an emulsion with a fuel oil and a cleaning solvent.

They had a "funny" saturday morning with a lot of efforts to clean their sand trap and pre-clarifier.

FP 360 scMunicipal WW Plant Intake - Oil Contamination

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinAll IWW ends up at a Muni WWTP intakeWWTP Weisenturm

FP 360 sc detects possible oil coming from streets and parking places. A valve will be closed if oil is present and an SMS will be sent to the operator.

FP 360 scDrainage system (storm water) monitoring

Measuring point

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinAll IWW ends up at a Muni WWTP intake

35

Medido en:EFLUENTEStanques de aireacinFINAL CLARIFICADOR

Las concentraciones de OD en los tanques de aireacin varian segn el diseo de la planta

Los operadores necesitan suficiente OD para el tratamiento, pero no una cantidad en exceso 1.0 2.0 mg/L normalmente

Qu es Oxgeno Disuelto? El oxgeno disuelto (DO) es molecular (atmosfrica)

oxgeno disuelto en agua o aguas residuales.

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinSo its a pretty simple thing, right? How about the difference between a standard plant with standard aeration basins, and high ox plants? What about the difference between having fine bubble diffusers and course bubble diffusers?

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is molecular (atmospheric) oxygen dissolved in water or wastewater.

Measured at:EFFLUENTAeration BasinsFINAL CLARIFIERRequired D.O. levels in Aeration basin vary based on plant designOperators need enough D.O. for treatment, but not an excess amount1.0 2.0 mg/l as a General rule

Como TemperaturaAfecta el OD

TEMPERATURE VERSUS WATER-SATURATED

CONCENTRATION OF OXYGEN

Temperature ppm Temperature ppm F C Value F C Value 32 0.0 14.6 74 23.3 8.5 34 1.1 14.1 76 24.4 8.3 36 2.2 13.7 78 25.6 8.2 38 3.3 13.3 80 26.7 8.0 40 4.4 12.9 82 27.8 7.8 42 5.6 12.6 84 28.9 7.7 44 6.7 12.2 86 30.0 7.5 46 7.8 11.9 88 31.1 7.4 48 8.9 11.6 90 32.2 7.3 50 10.0 11.3 92 33.3 7.1 52 11.1 11.0 94 34.4 7.0 54 12.2 10.7 96 35.6 6.9 56 13.3 10.4 98 36.7 6.8 58 14.2 10.2 100 37.8 6.6 60 15.6 9.9 102 38.9 6.5 62 16.7 9.7 104 40.0 6.4 64 17.8 9.5 106 41.1 6.3 66 18.9 9.3 108 42.2 6.2 68 20.0 9.1 110 43.3 6.1 70 21.1 8.9 112 44.4 6.0 72 22.2 8.7 114 45.6 5.9

Un cambio de 2 puede

afectar el OD por tanto como

.5 ppm

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinOxygen is a temperature dependent measurement. The lower the temperature the higher the oxygen and of course the higher the temperature the lower the oxygen. This makes temperature compensation a must

How Temperature Affects DO

How Altitude affects DO

Table BCORRECTION FACTORS FOR BAROMETRIC PRESSURE

Barometric Pressure Inches of Mercury

(Hg)

Millimeters of Mercury

(Hg)

Correction-Factor

20.00 508.0 0.67 20.50 520.7 0.69 21.00 533.4 0.70 21.50 546.1 0.72 22.00 558.8 0.74 22.50 571.5 0.75 23.00 584.2 0.77 23.50 596.9 0.79 24.00 609.6 0.80 24.50 622.3 0.82 25.00 635.0 0.84 25.50 647.7 0.85 26.00 660.4 0.87 26.50 673.1 0.89 27.00 685.5 0.90 27.50 698.5 0.92 28.00 711.2 0.94 28.50 723.9 0.95 29.00 736.6 0.97 29.50 749.3 0.99 30.00 762.0 1.00 30.50 774.7 1.02

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinAltitude also effects DO measurements and must be adjusted for.

Dnde se mide oxigeno disuelto en una PTAR?

EqualizationBasin

PrimaryClarifier

Aerobic / AnaerobicSludge Digester

Gravity SludgeThickener

SecondaryClarifier

NitrificationBasinAeration Basin

Plant Inlet(Influent)

FinalFiltration

Disinfection

Plant Effluent

Return Activated Sludge (RAS)

Waste Activated Sludge (WAS)

SludgeDewatering

SludgeDisposalSludge

Disposal

Centrate

1

1

1

Puntos de monitoreo de OD Tanque Igualacin Tanque de aireacin Tanque de nitrificacin Digestor Aerbico/Anaerbico Efluente de la planta

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinAplicacinMonitorear el oxgeno disuelto es una parte importante del proceso de lodo activado. Es una manera de asegurar que hay oxgeno disuelto suficiente en el proceso para la actividad biolgica para ocurrir y ayuda a optimizar la utilizacin de energa por la adicin de aire controlada. El diagrama perfila algunas aplicaciones tpicas para medida de oxgeno disuelto y control que son encontrados en varias etapas de una planta de tratamiento municipal:

Estanque de Igualacin Puede occurir cargas variadas que entran la planta basadas en descargas industriales, agua tormentoso, variaciones diurnas, etc. y puede dirigir esta cargas variadas al estanque de igualacin para modificar en como manejar la carga anormal. Estanque de Aireacin la Aireacin es un requerimiento (una exigencia) bsico en el tratamiento secundario AR. La aireacin asegura que la calidad de lodo apropiada y las condiciones de crecimiento existen. El oxgeno disuelto aadido en el estanque de aireacin por el proceso de aireacin proporciona la fuente de energa primaria para los microbios de lodo activados.Digestor Aerobic/Anaerobio la mayor parte de plantas de tratamiento usan procesos biolgicos de aerobic o anaerobio para tratar el lodo y darlo inocuo.Aguas residuales finales el oxgeno disuelto se mide aqu para asegurar la conformidad de permiso para la descarga de planta.Application

Monitoring dissolved oxygen is an important part of the activated sludge process. It assists in ensuring that there is sufficient dissolved oxygen in the process for the biological activity to take place and helps to optimize energy utilization through controlled air addition.The diagram outlines some typical applications for dissolved oxygen measurement and control that are found in various stages of a municipal wastewater treatment plant:Equalization Basin Varying plant loads based on industrial discharges, storm water, diurnal variations, etc. are put into the equalization basin to provide a means of controlling the loading of the treatment process.Aeration Basin Aeration is a basic requirement in the secondary treatment of wastewater. Aeration ensures that proper sludge quality and growth conditions exist. The dissolved oxygen added in the aeration basin through the aeration process provides the primary energy source for the activated sludge microbes. Aerobic/Anaerobic Digester Most treatment plants have sludge handling facilities that use an aerobic or anaerobic biological process to treat the sludge and render it harmless.Final Effluent Dissolved oxygen is measured here to ensure permit compliance for the plant discharge.

Porque es importante OD?

Las bacterias aerobias NECESITAN tener Oxigeno para sobrevivir.

El control de los niveles de OD es critico para la planta de tratamiento de agua residual.

Estanque de Aireacin

Aeration Basin

Este es donde mezclamos el alimento, el aire, y los microorganismos

Los niveles de oxigeno disuelto tienen que ser 1.0 a 2.0 mg/l para quitar organicosLos niveles de oxigeno disuelto tienen que ser 2.0 a 3.0 mg/l para quitar el amonaco

+ Alimento+ Oxigeno (O2) CO2 + mas

ModeradorNotas de la presentacin

These are typical numbers that will vary slightly from plant to plant.

This is where we mix the food, air, and bugsD.O. levels need to be 1.0 to 2.0 mg/l to remove organicsD.O. levels need to be 2.0 to 3.0 mg/l to remove ammonia

Clarificador secundario

SecondaryClarifier

Separacin de slidos (lodo) del agua El peso de slidos hace que ellos coloquen

al fondo Los niveles de oxigeno son monitoreados

para asegurar que el clarificador no va anaerobio (

Nitrificacion / Denitrificacion

NitrificationBasin

Nitrificacion La conversin de nitrgeno de

amonaco a nitritos y entonces nitratos Los niveles de oxigeno disuelto tienen

que ser 2 mg/L o ms alto. Se hace para reducir niveles de

amonaco en las aguas que salen de planta

ModeradorNotas de la presentacin

Point out that if we want to remove ammonia, the nitrifying bacteria need plenty of DO. NitrificationThe conversion of ammonia nitrogen to nitrites then nitratesThis step is done to reduce ammonia levels in the plant effluentD.O. levels need to be 2 mg/L or higher

Nitrificacion / Denitrificacion

Denitrificacion La conversin de nitratos a gas de

nitrgeno. Este requiere niveles de D.O. de

Oxigeno Disuelto

La aireacin es un proceso intensivo en consumo energtico que cuenta desde 50% al 90% del total de la energa en tratamiento de Aguas Residuales!

Cambio relativo de la demanda de energa por varios setpoints

de OD (a partir de 2 mg/L)

-20,0

-15,0

-10,0

-5,0

0,0

5,0

10,0

15,0

20,0

0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5

O2 - Concentartion [mg/l]

Rel

ativ

e ch

ange

of

Ener

gyde

man

d [%

]

Por cada .25 hasta 0.5 mg/L de oxgeno puede aumentar o disminuir el consumo de energa por 5%

Segn el WEF hasta el 70% de las necesidades de las plantas de presupuesto se remonta al sistema de aireacin

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinJust a good slide to show plant energy usage. Go over in detail if you want, or breeze over.

Relative change of Energy demand due to varying DO setpoints (starting from 2 mg/l)For every .25 to .5 mg/l of Oxygen you increase or decrease power consumption by 5%According to WEF up to 70% of plants Budget requirements can be traced back to the aeration system

Qu se necesita para controlar OD? Sopladores, ya sea con variadores de frecuencia

(Variable Frequency Drives) o arrancadores suaves (Soft Starts)

Fiable sondas de OD son la clave!!

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinBlowers are something you can control with our controllers. Go over in detail if you want.Blowers with either Variable Frequency Drives or Soft StartsReliable DO Probes are the key!!!!

48

Aeration Control

Solution Automated Blower Control with online luminescent

dissolved oxygen sensors (LDO)

Aeration Basin

O2

desired value

currentvalueVFD

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinControlling aeration with LDOs saves money, but also allows a wwtp to react to changing organic loads. If a spike of organics hits the aeration tank, the dissolved oxygen will drop. Without automatic control, it could possibly drop to 0.00mg/L leading to issues with filamentous bacteria or incomplete treatment. With automatic control, the PLC would increase the aeration (either by increasing the speed of the blowers, opening inlet vanes, or by opening butterfly valves in the air distribution system) and therefore allow the biomass the oxygen necessary to consume the organic waste.

PLC or SCADA System

Reliable DO Probes are the key!!!!

Qu se necesita para controlar OD?

Fiable sondas de OD son la clave!!

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinSCADA and PLC systems come in all shapes and sizes. Discuss in whatever detail you are comfortable with.

La historia de las mediciones de OD

1888 Winkler titration test first developed

1956 Clark membrane oxygen electrode invented

1960s First Galvanic DO sensors developed

2003 Hach LDO introduced

2012 Hach LDO 2nd Generation introduced

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinHistory of DO Measurements

Hach 5740 sc Sensor Galvanico de OD

Cartucho reemplazable con membrana sellada

Sensor de bajo costo Alta resistencia al H2S Funciona en la

plataforma del controlador Hach sc

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinReplaceable sealed membrane cartridgeLow cost sensorHigh resistance to H2S due to unique membrane technologyWorks on Hach sc controller platform

Hach LDO Bajo manteniento No membranas No electrolito, no nodo, ,no

ctodo! No interferencia H2S,

sulfuro de hidrgeno

Photo Diode

Transmitted Blue Light

Emitted Red Light

Photo Diode

Reference Red LED

Unas especificaciones de LDO

Accuracy 1: 0.1 ppm Below 5 ppm Accuracy 2: 0.2 ppm Above 5 ppm Accuracy 3: Temperature: 0.2 C

Cable Length: 10 m

Measurement range: 0 - 20.0 mg/L

Warranty: Probe Body: 3 Years Sensor Cap: 2 Years

Repeatability: 0.1 ppm (mg/L)

Resolution: 0.01 ppm (mg/L) / 0.1% saturation

Response Time: at 20 C: To 95 % in less than 60 seconds

Weight: 2.2 lbs. (1 kg)

ModeradorNotas de la presentacin: No Interferences from the following: H2S, pH, K+, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, NH4++, Al3+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Cr (total), Fe2+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, CN-, NO3-, SO42-, S2-, PO43-, Cl-, anion active surfactants, crude oils, Cl2 < 4 ppmFlow Rate: None required

Ventajas de la tecnologa LDO

Siempre un resultado correcto de - calibrado de fabricantemedicin - sin flujo

- tiempo de respuesta reducido

Manejo facilitado - sin cambio de electrolito- sin cambio de membrana

Sin deterioro por H2S - utilizable tambin en aplicaciones complicadas

LDO2 El reemplazo de tapa ms fcil

Vida de la tapa: 2 aos Procedimiento simplificado para la

descarga de cdigo del sensor al cambiar la tapa con la tapa puesta a punto - Ya no es necesario introducir manualmente el cdigo en el controlador

Ms durable y confiable Diseo mecnico resistente El tamao reducido para facilitar su

manejo Norma 1 "NPT montaje del conector

Indicadores de Servicio Frecuencia de limpieza manualFrecuencia de reemplazo de tapa del sensor

LDO2

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinThe probe measures dissolved oxygen by emitting a blue light of the properwavelength that causes the luminescent molecules in the sensing element to become (energetically) excited. The molecules relax releasing energy which is called luminescence because the energy release is seen as an emitted red light. Easier Cap Replacement ProcedureSimilar calibration surface to the HQd LDOSimplified procedure for downloading sensor code when replacing cap using set-up cap No longer need to manually enter code into controller

More Durable and ReliableDurable mechanical designReduced size for easier handlingStandard 1 NPT mounting connectorService Indicators AddedManual cleaning frequencySensor cap replacement frequency

The time required for the luminescent molecules to relax from their excited state is termed the life span of luminescence. The probes photo diode detects the red light and determines the life span value.

To increase the accuracy and stability of the measurement, the sensor alsoemits a red light that is reflected by the dye layer back to the photodiode inthe sensor. The sensor measures the reflected light and uses that readingas the reference value for comparison to the previously measured lifetimeluminescent value. The lifetime of the luminescence from excitation by theblue light is compared to that of the reference value (red light) and a stabledissolved oxygen concentration is calculated by the probe.

56

Control de la aireacin

HACIENDO MAS CON

MENOS

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinThis is a municipal wastewater case study from Gainesville Regional Utilities. They replaced membrane DO probes with LDOs in their aeration tanks and aerobic digesters. Jamie Hope (Plant Superintendent for GRU) wrote this article for WE&T magazine, totaling the cost savings at $361,692 in energy savings and maintenance costs by using LDOs instead of membrane probes.

Bob: James is his formal name. His friends and colleagues call him Jamie.

57

58

Control de la aireacin

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinBristol Myers Squibb is a large pharmaceutical company which treats its own wastewater. Through adding LDOs and variable frequency drives to their aeration control system, they were able to maintain a 2.0mg/L dissolved oxygen concentration automatically, instead of controlling by manually manipulating the blowers once a day. This resulted in $72,000 saved in energy costs alone, paying for the costs and installation of the VFDs in under one years time. See the paper for more details.

Controle su Eficiencia EnergeticaPlantas de Aguas Servidas

OptimizacinMejor control del proceso conduce a menores costos y mayor calidad del agua

Mejor control del proceso conduce a menores costos y mayor calidad del agua

Mejor control del proceso conduce a menores costos y mayor calidad del agua

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinIntroduce speakers and all Hach persons in the room. Make sure they have all filled out the questionnaire.

Planta de Aquas Residuales

Como tratan los contaminates en el PTAR?

Alcantarilla

TratamientoMecanico

Separacionde Lodo

Tratamientode Lodo

TratamientoBiologico

Monitoreodel Rio

Sin saber todo acerca de sus aguas puede

traer resultados

inesperados

Disfrute la laguna

ModeradorNotas de la presentacinNot knowing everything about your Industrial and Municipal wastewater can bring unexpected results

Nmero de diapositiva 1Los basicosMonitoreado las aguasNmero de diapositiva 4Tratamiento de Aguas ResidualesControlar y Monitorear el Tratamiento de Aguas ResidualesExample Municipal NPDES PermitNmero de diapositiva 8Donde se miden los solidos?Como se miden los solidos? SOLITAX sc Especificaciones de DesempeoSolitax: Calibracin Nmero de diapositiva 14Nmero de diapositiva 15Nmero de diapositiva 16Nmero de diapositiva 17Nmero de diapositiva 18Nmero de diapositiva 19Nmero de diapositiva 20Nmero de diapositiva 21Medicin de OrgnicosNmero de diapositiva 23Nmero de diapositiva 24Nmero de diapositiva 25Nmero de diapositiva 26Nmero de diapositiva 27SAC 254Medicin de OrgnicosBioTector B7000 TOC AnalyzerNmero de diapositiva 30Nmero de diapositiva 31Nmero de diapositiva 32Nmero de diapositiva 33Nmero de diapositiva 34Nmero de diapositiva 35Como Temperatura Afecta el OD How Altitude affects DODnde se mide oxigeno disuelto en una PTAR?Porque es importante OD?Nmero de diapositiva 40Estanque de AireacinClarificador secundarioNitrificacion / DenitrificacionNitrificacion / DenitrificacionNmero de diapositiva 45Cambio relativo de la demanda de energa por varios setpoints de OD (a partir de 2 mg/L)Qu se necesita para controlar OD? Aeration ControlNmero de diapositiva 49La historia de las mediciones de ODHach 5740 sc Sensor Galvanico de ODHach LDOUnas especificaciones de LDONmero de diapositiva 54LDO2Nmero de diapositiva 56Nmero de diapositiva 57Nmero de diapositiva 58Nmero de diapositiva 59Nmero de diapositiva 60Sin saber todo acerca de sus aguas puede traer resultados inesperados