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Differences between DNA and RNA (DNA vs RNA)

Chromosomes are made up of nucleoproteins whichconstitute basic proteins and nucleic acids. Two kinds ofnucleic acids are recognised. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)and Ribonucleic acid (RNA). Nucleic acids are first reported

by Friedrich Miescher (1871) from nuclei of pus cells. Hecalled them as nuclein. Nuclein was renamed by Altman in1889.

DNA and RNA

Difference Between: DNA and RNA

Serial No

DNA

RNA1.

It usually occurs inside nucleus and some cell organelles.(Mitochondria and Chloroplast in plants)

Very little RNA occurs inside the nucleus. Most of it is

found in the cytoplasm.2.

It is double stranded with exception of some viruses (e.g.,x174)

It is single stranded with exception of some viruses(Reovirus)3.

DNA contains over a million nucleotides

Depending on the type, RNA contains 70-12,000nucleotides.4.

The sugar portion of DNA is 2-deoxyribose

The sugar portion of RNA is ribose5.

Purine and Pyrimidine bases are in equal in number.

There is no proportionality in between numbers of Purine

and Pyrimidine bases.

6.

The base present in DNA are adenine (A), guanine (G),thymine (T) and cytosine (C)

The base present in RNA are adenine (A), guanine (G) ,uracil (U) and cytosine (C)

7.

Hydrogen bonds are formed between complementary

nitrogen bases of the opposite strands (A-T, C-G)

Base pairing through hydrogen bonds, occurs in the coiledparts.

8.

DNA is spirally twisted to produce a regular helix.

The strand may get folded at places to produce a secondaryhelix or pseudohelix.

9.

It replicates to form new DNA molecules

It cannot normally replicate itself.10.

It occurs in the form of chromatin or chromosomes.

It occurs in ribosomes or forms association with ribosomes.11.

The function of DNA is to transfer genetic information fromone generation to the next.

The function of RNA is to direct synthesis of proteins in thebody.12.

DNA transcribes genetic information to RNA.Its quantity is fixed for cell.

RNA translates the transcribed message for forming


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polypeptides.The quantity of RNA of a cell is variable.

13.

Renaturation after melting is slow.

It is quite fast

14.

DNA is only two types: intra nuclear and extra nuclear.

Three different types of RNA: m-RNA, t-RNA and r-RNA.15.

It is long lived

Some RNAs are very short lived while others havesomewhat longer life.

12Labels: Chargaffs rule, chromatin, Denaturation, difference

between rna and dna, DNA, dna structure, DNA vs RNA,Nucleic acid, RNA, Stability of DNARelated Posts

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Chromosome Ultra StructureDNA Packaging - Nucleosome model and Folded fibre

modelPhosphate group in DNA is the reason for negative charge

3 comments:

Vikas9 October 2013 17:59

Wonderfulevery data is found hereReplyAnonymous16 February 2014 00:01

Very nice collection, good luck!!ReplyMohib jan3 March 2014 19:48

GOD bless you .was so helpful.Reply

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