Resumo Executivo Do Estudo Sobre a Seguridade Dos Datos de Caracter Persoal No Ambito Das Entidades...

8/7/2019 Resumo Executivo Do Estudo Sobre a Seguridade Dos Datos de Caracter Persoal No Ambito Das Entidades Locais

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No{xnxpxiOgkniogch`X`koicifg{h`cgKieponkgkno

R`{pei `|`kpxnqi hi @{xphi

{ibr` g {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ h`

kgrkx`r z`r{igc oi ebnxi hg{

òxnhgh`{ cikgn{

Hngfo{xnki {ibr` i frgi h` ghgzxgkno C`nirfonkg h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ ,CIZH. ` gi oiqiR`fpcgeòxi h` h`{òqicqèòxi ,RHCIZH.

IB[@RQGXIRNI HG [@FPRNHGH@ HG NOAIREGKNO


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R`{pei `|`kpxnqi hi @{xphi {ibr` g {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc oi ebnxi hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{

@hnkno= |go`nri 2::No{krnkno h` ankl`nri{0/2 7>R`{zio{gbc` h` {`fprnhgh`0/; 7>Hikpeòxi h` {`fprnhgh`

0/;/7 7>ebnxi h` gzcnkgkno0/;/2 2:E`hnhg{# oireg{# zrik`hèòxi{# r`frg{ `{xohgr`{0/;/; 2:Apokno{ ` ibrnfg{ hi z`r{igc0/;/8 2:@{xrpxprg hi{ ankl`nri{ ` h`{krnkno hi{ {n{xèg{ wp` i{ xrgxgo0/;/0 2:Zrik`hèòxi{ h` oixnankgkno# |`{xno r`{zi{xg gox` g{ noknhòkng{0/;/1

2:Zrik`hèòxi{ h` r`gcn}gkno h` kizng{ h` gzini ` h` r`kpz`rgkno hi{

hgxi{

0/;/62:

E`hnhg{ o`k`{grng{ wp` {` lgo ghizxgr zgrg i xrgo{zirx`# r`pxncn}gkno ip

h`{xrpkno h` {izirx`{ ` hikpeòxi{

127

C@\NXNEGKNO H@ HGXI[= NOAIREGKNO# KIO[@OXNE@OXI# K@[NO @

KIOANH@OKNGCNHGH@

1/7 27H`b`r h` noairegkno gi nox`r`{ghi {ibr` g anogcnhgh` hi xrgxgeòxi1/2 27H`b`r h` kio{òxneòxi hi nox`r`{ghi zgrg i xrgxgeòxi hi{ hgxi{1/; 22\`{xno hg k`{no h` hgxi{1/8 22Kioanhòkngcnhgh` hi{ hgxi{

6 2;H@R@NXI[ GRKI


5/57



6/57


R`{pei `|`kpxnqi hi @{xphi {ibr` g {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc oi ebnxi hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{Ib{`rqgxirni hg [`fprnhgh` hg Noairegkno Z|nog1 h`06

7:/;/;82

Kio{pcxirg= g [pbhnr`kkno \`rgc h` R`|n{xri h` Ankl`nri{ ` Kio{pcxirg hg

G|òkng h` Zrix`kkno h` Hgxi{ hg Kieponhgh` h` Eghrnh

7:/;/888

@{xrpxprg# eih`ci h` |`{xno ` gkxpgkno{ `{z`kankg{ ò egx`rng h`

zrix`kkno h` hgxi{= i No{xnxpxi Eponknzgc h` Noairexnkg hi @|kei/ Kiok`cci h`

Bgrk`ciog

77 81KIOKCP[NO[ HI @[XPHI72 02ZRIZI[XG[ @ R@KIE@OHGKNO[ HNRN\NHG[ GI[ ZIH@R@[ ZBCNKI[

72/7 02Zrizi{xg{ ` r`kieòhgkno{ ò egx`rng h` kioknòkngkno ` airegkno72/2 0;Zrizi{xg{ ` r`kieòhgkno{ ò egx`rng h` hngfo{xnki ` noairegkno72/; 08Zrizi{xg{ ` r`kieòhgkno{ ò egx`rng h` anogokngeòxi72/8 08Zrizi{xg{ ` r`kieòhgkno{ ò egx`rng h` oiregcn}gkno ` k`rxnankgkno72/0

00Zrizi{xg{ ` r`kieòhgkno{ ò egx`rng h` zrieikno ` nokòxnqgkno hi{

onq`n{ h` eghpr`} ` big{ zrkxnkg{


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7 NOXRIHPKNO @ IB\@KXNQI[

7/7 Noxrihpkno

I ib|`kxnqi zrnoknzgc hi zr`{òx` noaire`# `cgbirghi zici No{xnxpxi Ogkniogc h`

X`koici|g{ hg Kieponkgkno ,ò hngox`# NOX@KI.# g r`gcn}gkno hpolg `|lgp{xnqg

gocn{`# gxg li|` nohnxg og {g `|xò{no ` zriapohnhgh`# gk`rkg hg {nxpgkno gkxpgc hg

zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ z`r{ign{ og{ òxnhgh`{ zbcnkg{ cikgn{ o @{zgg/

@{x` `{xphi zrizirkniog po hngfo{xnki kiezc`xi ` `{z`kngcn}ghi hi frgi h` ghizkno hg

c`|n{cgkno qn|òx`# g{ kiei po kio|poxi h` r`kieòhgkno{ wp` cc`{ z`renxgo {

ghenon{xrgkno{ g zi{xg ò egrklg h` zcgo{ h` r`fpcgrn}gkno ` ghgzxgkno/

I egrki oiregxnqi kio{nh`rghi oi `{xphi kiezròh`=

G C`n irfonkg 70)7>>># hi 7; h` h`kèbri# h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r

z`r{igc ,CIZH./

I R`gc h`kr`xi >>8)7>>># hi 77 h` |pi# zici wp` {` gzribg i R`fpcgeòxi h`

e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh` hi{ ankl`nri{ gpxiegxn}ghi{ wp` kiox`go hgxi{ h`

kgrkx`r z`r{igc ,RE[./

I R`gc h`kr`xi 762:)2::6# hi 27 h` h`kèbri# zici wp` {` gzribg iR`fpcgeòxi h` h`{òqicqèòxi hg C`n irfonkg 70)7>>># hi 7; h` h`kèbri#

h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc ,RHCIZH./

7/2 Ib|`kxnqi{ hi `{xphi

I ib|`kxnqi |`rgc hi `{xphi g `cgbirgkno hpolg gocn{` {ibr` g {nxpgkno gkxpgc hg{

òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ zbcnkg{ ò @{zgg ò r`cgkno kig oiregxnqg h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ h`

kgrkx`r z`r{igc# opolg hibr` q`rxòx`=

Hngfo{xnki# xgoxi hi `{xghi gkxpgc h` kpezrneòxi à`kxnqi hg c`|n{cgkno kieghi onq`c h` zr`zgrgkno zgrg g gh`kpgkno gi RHCIZH zir zgrx` hg{ òxnhgh`{

cikgn{ ò @{zgg/

Kioknòkngkno ` {ò{nbncn}gkno { òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ zgrg wp` `{xg{ nokrèòxò g

xg|g h` kpezrneòxi hg oiregxnqg {ibr` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{/



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7/; Zr`{òxgkno= oxnhgh`{ zgrxnknzgox`{

7/;/7 No{xnxpxi Ogkniogc h` X`koicifg{ h` cg Kieponkgkno ,No{xnxpxi Ogkniogc

h` X`koici|g{ hg Kieponkgkno# NOX@KI.

I No{xnxpxi Ogkniogc h` X`koici|g{ hg Kieponkgkno ,NOX@KI.# {ikn`hgh` `{xgxgc

zrieiqnhg zici Enon{x`rni h` Nohp{xrng# Xprn{ei ` Kie`rkni# polg zcgxgaireg zgrg i

h`{òqicqèòxi hg {ikn`hgh` hi ki`kèòxi g xrgq{ h` zri|`kxi{ hi ebnxi hg

nooiqgkno ` hg x`koici|g# kpo hibr` ib|`kxnqi= zir polg zgrx`# kioxrnbpr

kioq`r|òkng h` @{zgg kio @prizg og {ikn`hgh` hg noairegkno `# hipxrg zgrx`#

zrieiq`r i h`{òqicqèòxi r`|niogc# òrgn}gohi ò Cò po zri|`kxi kio qikgkno

fcibgc/

G en{no h` NOX@KI nezpc{gr ` h`{òqicq`r zri|`kxi{ h` nooiqgkno r`cgknioghi{ ki{`kxir hg{ x`koici|g{ hg noairegkno ` g kieponkgkno ,XNK. `# ò |`rgc# oi ebnxi hg

{ikn`hgh` hg noairegkno# wp` e`ccirò g zi{nkno h` @{zgg ` gkl`fpò

kiez`xnxnqnhgh`# `{xòhòhi g{ {g{ kgzgknhgh`{ xgoxi gi ebnxi `prizì kiei gi

cgxnoige`rnkgoi/ G{# i No{xnxpxi xò g qikgkno h` {`r po kòxri h` h`{òqicqèòxi h`

kgrkx`r nooiqghir ` h` nox`r`{` zbcnki oi ebnxi ogkniogc wp` kio{xnxpnr polg nonkngxnqg

òrnwp`k`hirg ` hnap{irg hg{ oiqg{ x`koici|g{ ò @{zgg# ò kcgrg {noxiog kio @prizg/

I ib|`kxi {ikngc h` NOX@KI g |`{xno# g{`{irgeòxi# zrieikno ` hnap{no h`

zri|`kxi{ x`koic|nki{ oi egrki hg {ikn`hgh` hg noairegkno/ Zgrg n{i# NOX@KIh`{òqicq`r gkxpgkno{# zici eòi{# ò cng{ `{xrgx|nkg{ h` {`fprnhgh` x`koic|nkg#

gkk`{nbncnhgh` kgcnhgh` h` {iaxvgr`/

En{ noairegkno= lxxz=))vvv/nox`ki/`{

Ib{`rqgxirni h` cg [`fprnhgh h` cg Noairegkno ,Ib{`rqgxirni hg [`fprnhgh` hg

Noairegkno.

I Ib{`rqgxirni hg [`fprnhgh` hg Noairegkno no{r`{` hòxri hg cng `{xrgx|nkg h`

gkxpgkno h` NOX@KI ò egx`rng h` {`fprnhgh` x`koic|nkg/

I Ib{`rqgxirni xò zir ib|`kxnqi h`{krnbnr h` |`nxi h`xgccghi ` {n{xèxnki i onq`c h`

{`fprnhgh` ` kioango}g og {ikn`hgh` hg noairegkno ` |`rgr ki`kèòxi `{z`kngcn}ghi

og egx`rng/ H`{x` eihi# gxzg{` gi {`rqn}i hi{ knhgho{# hg{ èzr`{g{ ` hg{

ghenon{xrgkno{ zbcnkg{ `{zgicg{ zgrg h`{krnbnr# gogcn}gr# g{`{irgr ` hnapohnr g kpcxprg

hg {`fprnhgh` hg noairegkno ` g `kioango}g/

I Ib{`rqgxirni h`{ìp po zcgo h` gkxnqnhgh`{ ` `{xphi{ ki ib|`kxi h` zrihpknr

ki`kèòxi `{z`kngcn}ghi ` xnc ò egx`rng h` {`fprnhgh` zir zgrx` h` NOX@KI# g{

kiei h` `cgbirgr r`kieòhgkno{ ` zrizi{xg{ wp` hànogo xòhòkng{ qcnhg{ zgrg g

xieg h` h`kn{no{ apxprg{ zir zgrx` hi{ zih`r`{ zbcnki{/

R`{pei `|`kpxnqi hi @{xphi {ibr` g {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc oi ebnxi hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{Ib{`rqgxirni hg [`fprnhgh` hg Noairegkno Z|nog< h`06
http://www.inteco.es/http://www.inteco.es/http://www.inteco.es/


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Hòxri h`{x` zcgo h` gkkno r`gc}go{` cgbir`{ h` noq`{xnfgkno# gocn{`# `{xphi#

g{`{irgeòxi hnqpcfgkno wp` gxòh`ro# oxr` ipxrg{# g{ {`fpnox`{ {xrgx`|ng{=

@cgbirgkno h` `{xphi{ ` noaire`{ zrizni{ ò egx`rng h` {`fprnhgh` hg{

x`koici|g{ hg noairegkno ` g kieponkgkno# kio `{z`kngc oag{` og {`fprnhgh`

ò Nox`ro`x/

[`fpneòxi hi{ zrnoknzgn{ nohnkghir`{ ` zicxnkg{ zbcnkg{ r`cgknioghg{ kig

{`fprnhgh` hg noairegkno ` g kioango}g oi ebnxi ogkniogc ` nox`rogkniogc/

\`rgkno hpolg bg{` h` hgxi{ wp` z`renxg g gocn{` ` g gqgcngkno hg {`fprnhgh`

` g kioango}g kpolg z`r{z`kxnqg xèzirgc/

Nezpc{i h` zri|`kxi{ h` noq`{xnfgkno ò egx`rng h` {`fprnhgh` XNK/

Hnap{no h` `{xphi{ ` noaire`{ zpbcnkghi{ zir ipxrg{ òxnhgh`{ ` irfgon{ei{

ogkniogn{ ` nox`rogkniogn{# g{ kiei h` noairegkno {ibr` g gkxpgcnhgh` ogkniogc

` `priz`g ò egx`rng h` {`fprnhgh` ` kioango}g og {ikn`hgh` hg noairegkno/

G{`{irgeòxi { ghenon{xrgkno{ zbcnkg{ ò egx`rng h` {`fprnhgh` hg

noairegkno ` kioango}g# g{ kiei i gzini `cgbirgkno# {`fpneòxi ` gqgcngkno

h` zicxnkg{ zbcnkg{ o`{x` ebnxi/

En{ noairegkno= lxxz=))ib{`rqgxirni/nox`ki/`{

7/;/2 A`h`rgkno @{zgicg h` Eponknzni{ ~ Zriqnokng{ ,A`h`rgkno @{zgicg h`

Eponknzni{ ` Zriqnokng{# A@EZ.

G A`h`rgkno @{zgicg h` Eponknzni{ ` Zriqnokng{ ,A@EZ. polg g{ikngkno h`

fib`roi{ cikgn{ wp` gfrpzg kiok`cci{# h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{# ò

xixgc en{ h` 6/2:: eponknzni{/ Xò kiei ib|`kxnqi{# ano{ apohgkniogn{ ` `{xgxpxgrni{ i{

{`fpnox`{=

I aieòxi ` g hàò{g hg gpxioieg hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{/

G r`zr`{òxgkno ` hàò{g hi{ nox`r`{`{ |`rgn{ hi{ kiok`cci{# h`zpxgkno{#

kio{`cci{ kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{ gox` ipxrg{ ghenon{xrgkno{ zbcnkg{/

G zr`{xgkno h` xihg kcg{` h` {`rqn}i{ { òxnhgh`{ cikgn{/

I h`{òqicqèòxi ` g kio{icnhgkno hi `{zrnxi `prizì oi ebnxi cikgc#

bg{`ghi og gpxioieg {icnhgrn`hgh` oxr` xihg{ g{ oxnhgh`{ cikgn{/

R`{pei `|`kpxnqi hi @{xphi {ibr` g {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc oi ebnxi hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{Ib{`rqgxirni hg [`fprnhgh` hg Noairegkno Z|nog> h`06
http://observatorio.inteco.es/http://observatorio.inteco.es/http://observatorio.inteco.es/


10/57


G zrieikno ` i aieòxi hg{ r`cgkno{ h` gen}gh` ` kiiz`rgkno ki{ kiok`cci{#

h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{ ` g{ {g{ irfgon}gkno{ oi ebnxi

nox`rogkniogc# {z`kngceòx` i prizì# i nb`rige`rnkgoi i rgb`/

G |`{xno h` zrifrgeg{ hi Fib`roi h`{xnoghi{ r`g cikgc/

En{ noairegkno= lxxz=))vvv/aèz/`{

R`{pei `|`kpxnqi hi @{xphi {ibr` g {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc oi ebnxi hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{Ib{`rqgxirni hg [`fprnhgh` hg Noairegkno Z|nog7: h`06
http://www.femp.es/http://www.femp.es/http://www.femp.es/


11/57


2 H@[@I E@XIHIC\NKI

G `|`kpkno hi zri|`kxi nokcpp g{ {`fpnox`{ `xgzg{ zrnoknzgn{=

@owpn{g{ g z`r{igc cgbirgc# apokniogrni{# r`{zio{gbc`{ zicxnki{ ` kicgbirghir`{

og{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{# r`gcn}ghg{ e`hngox` po kp`{xniogrni `{z`kanki ò apokno

hi oe`ri h` lgbnxgox`{ h` kghg eponknzni zgrxnknzgox`/

@oxr`qn{xg{ g `|z`rxi{ zrik`hòx`{ hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{# hg nohp{xrng ` hipxrg{

ghenon{xrgkno{ zbcnkg{# h` |`nxi wp` gkl`fpò g {g qgcirgkno {ibr` big{

zrkxnkg{# g{ {g{ zrizi{xg{ ` g {g hànonkno h` onq`n{ h` eghpr`}# zgrg zih`r

g{nfogr zrnirnhgh`{ gi nezcèòxgr g{ e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh`/

@cgbirgkno hi zr`{òx` noaire` ioh` {` r`kicc` g gocn{` ` g{ kiokcp{no{ hg{

ag{`{ gox`rnir`{# g{ kiei g{ zrizi{xg{ ` r`kieòhgkno{ h` gkxpgkno/

I `{xphi kioxip kig zgrxnknzgkno h` 1:7 òxnhgh`{ zbcnkg{ cikgn{ ,hi kio|poxi hg{

òwpn{g{# >7 {io h` zrik`hòkng gooneg# 868 kirr`{ziohò g kiok`cci{ ` ;1 {io

h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{. ` h` 28 `|z`rxi{ ,zria`{niogn{ `

r`zr`{òxgox`{ h` no{xnxpkno{ h` hnq`r{g{ r`g{ h` ki`kèòxi./

I exihi h` {`c`kkno hg ei{xrg r`gcn}ip{` h` |`nxi `{xrgxnankghi ` i {`p xgegih`x`renoip{` e`hngox` g arepcg kirr`{ziohòx` g polg zibigkno anonxg# og wp` {`

`{xneip polg egr|` h` `rri h` 8#82% zgrg po onq`c h` kioango}g hi >0%/

G ei{xrg h` kiok`cci{ hànonp{` h` |`nxi {`feòxghi h` gkirhi ki oe`ri h` lgbnxgox`{

hi eponknzni ` `{xgbc`krio{` > `{xrgxi{ ,@rrir' Oi {` òkpòxrg `c irnfò h` cg

rà`ròkng/Xbig./

7 Xbig= Zgrxnknzgkno h` òxnhgh`{ zir `{xrgxi{ {ibr` g zrèi{xrg h` eponknzni{ ` g

kib`rxprg zibigkniogc

@{xr/O/ lgbnxgox`{

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12/57


G zgrxnknzgkno zir h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{ ain r`c`qgox`4

gckgo}ip{` g knarg h` ;1 òxnhgh`{ zgrxnknzgox`{ {ibr` po xixgc h` 06# i wp` r`zr`{òxg

polg zgrxnknzgkno hi 1;#2% h`{xg xnzici|g h` fib`roi{ cikgn{ oi `{xphi/

G zgrxnknzgkno zir z`ranc hi zria`{niogc zgrxnknzgox` wp` r`{zioh`p i kp`{xniogrni

og{ òxnhgh`{ zbcnkg{ cikgn{ ain hnq`r{g# xgc ` kiei r`zr`{òxg i 7Franki# oi rà`ròx`

kgx`firg ip z`ranc zria`{niogc hg z`r{ig òxr`qn{xghg ` zirkòxg|` h` zgrxnknzgox`{

gkxnqi{ zir z`ranc/

H` gkirhi ki{ r`{pcxghi{ ibxnhi{# i z`ranc zria`{niogc hi zgrxnknzgox` wp` kiox`{xip

egnirnxgrngeòx` i kp`{xniogrni i hpo r`{zio{gbc` noairexnki# kpo ;1#


13/57


; KI@K@E@OXI# KIOKN@OKNGKNO @ G[NFOGKNO

H@ R@KPR[I[ KIOAIRE@ OIREGXNQG

QN\@OX@

O`{x` zpoxi kio{nhrg{` i frgi h` ki`kèòxi kio{nh`rghi kiei oikno b{nkg hi{

g{z`kxi{ wp` kiox`ò xgoxi g CIZH kieg i RHCIZH ki wp` kioxgo g{ òxnhgh`{

cikgn{ kioaire` oiregxnqg qn|òx`/

;/7 Onq`c h` ki`kèòxi hi RHCIZH og{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{

@oxr` g{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ wp` zgrxnknzgrio o`{x` `{xphi# po 11#6% hg{ h`zpxgkno{#

kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{# ` { po 2%/

I RHCIZH nokc` kiei oiqnhgh` zrnoknzgc i xrgxgeòxi# gcegkògeòxi# h`{xrpkno `

gkk`{i hi{ ankl`nri{ h` grwpnqi{ ò zgz`c/ I ki`kèòxi h`{x` g{z`kxi zir zgrx` hi{

kiok`cci{ hnq`r{i# gohg wp` zih` {`r kio{nh`rghi zi{nxnqi/ Oi{ kiok`cci{# i frgi h`

ki`kèòxi qgn{` r`hpknohi ò apokno hg hnenopkno hi xgegi hi eponknzni/ N{xi

{pzo wp`# zir `|èzci# oi kg{i hi{ eponknzni{ h` eòi{ h` 0:: lgbnxgox`{# i 6


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xgegi h`{x` ei{xrg po nrr`fpcgr frgi h` kpezrne`oxi h`{xg ibrnfg/ G{# i 01#0% hi{

kiok`cci{ kio frgoh`{ eponknzni{ x``o zcgonankghg g h`qgohnxg g{nfogkno# ariox` g po

;7#7% hi{ kiok`cci{ h` e`hngoi{ eponknzni{ ` po 71#


15/57


8 KCG[NANKGKNO HI[ ANKL@NRI[ ZIR ONQ@N[ H@

[@FPRNHGH@ @ XRGXGE@OXI H@ ANKL@NRI[

@[Z@KNGCE@OX@ [@O[NBC@[

G oiregxnqg qn|òx` {ibr` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ h`{kgo{g og hna`ròkngkno hi{ hgxi{ `

hi{ r`wpn{nxi{ h` {ò{nbncnhgh` zgrg i {`p onq`c h` zrix`kkno/

8/7 Kcg{nankgkno hi{ ankl`nri{ zir onq`n{ h` {`fprnhgh`

I{ ankl`nri{ kcg{nakgo{`# gxòhòhi gi xnzi h` hgxi{ z`r{ign{ wp` kiox`ò# ò= ankl`nri{

h` onq`c b{nki# e`hni ` gcxi/ @{xg kcg{nankgkno nezcnkg i `{xgbc`kèòxi h` e`hnhg{ h`

{`fprnhgh` h` aireg gkpepcgxnqg# zgrxnohi hpolg kio{nh`rgkno h` eonei{ c`fgn{`{n|nbc`{/

7Xbig/ Onq`n{ h` {`fprnhgh`

ONQ@C B[NKI

Oie`# gz`cnhi{# HON# x`caioi#hienkncni# o/ kioxg bgokgrng/ I{ rà`rnhi{ nhìci|g#gancngkno {nohnkgc# r`cn|no#krò}g{# irn|` rgkngc# {gh` ipqnhg {`|pgc# kgohi i{ hgxi{ {`pxncnkò ponkgeòx` kiganogcnhgh` h` r`gcn}gr polgxrgo{a ròkng z`kpongrng {òxnhgh`{ hg{ wp` {`|goeèbri{ i{ ga`kxghi{/ I{ ankl`nri{ oio gpxiegxn}ghi{wp` h` aireg noknhòxgc kiox`gohgxi{ `{z`kngceòx` zrix`|nhi{/

I{ ankl`nri{ kp|i xrgxgeòxix`g kiei anogcnhgh` ikpezrneòxi h` h`b`r {zbcnki{# oi kg{i h` hgxi{ kieii frgi h` enop{qgcg ip g

h`kcgrgkno hg kiohnkno h`noqgcnh`}/

ONQ@C E@HNI

Kien{no h` noargkkno{ghenon{xrgxnqg{ ip zògn{/ Gwpnci hi wp` {`|go r`{zio{gbc`{ghenon{xrgkno{ xrnbpxgrng{ {`r`cgknioò ki |`rknkni hg{ {g{zix`{xgh`{ xrnbpxgrng{/ Ankl`nri{ h` òxnhgh`{ |`{xirg{#{`rqn}i{ kieo{ hg [`fprnhgh` [ikngc#epxpg{ h` gkknhòx { h` xrgbgcci `òa`renhgh`{ zria`{niogn{ hg[`fprnhgh` [ikngc/ Agkòhg zbcnkg ,hgxi{ r`cgxnqi{ gxrnbpxi{ ip g ipxrg{ ibrnfg{ an{kgn{ wp`xrgxg g Ghenon{xrgkno oio i{r`cgxnqi{ gi{ nezi{xi{ wp` h`kcgrgo g{èzr`{g{./ Hgxi{ wp` z`renxgo r`hpknr ikiezirxgeòxi hi{ knhgho{/

ONQ@C GCXI

Nhìci|g ip gancngkno{nohnkgc/ R`cn|no ip krò}g{/ Irn|` rgkngc ip xonkg/

[gh` ,{`rqn}i{{ikngn{# o`k`{nhgh` h`gxòkno ehnkg`{z`kngc./ Qnhg {`|pgc/ R`kiccnhi{ zgrg ano{zicnkngn{ {òkio{òxneòxi hinox`r`{ghi/ Qnicòkng h` |o`ri/

ONQ@C B[NKI

Oie`# gz`cnhi{# HON# x`caioi#hienkncni# o/ kioxg bgokgrng/ I{ rà`rnhi{ nhìci|g#gancngkno {nohnkgc# r`cn|no#krò}g{# irn|` rgkngc# {gh` ipqnhg {`|pgc# kgohi i{ hgxi{ {`pxncnkò ponkgeòx` kiganogcnhgh` h` r`gcn}gr polgxrgo{a ròkng z`kpongrng {òxnhgh`{ hg{ wp` {`|goeèbri{ i{ ga`kxghi{/ I{ ankl`nri{ oio gpxiegxn}ghi{wp` h` aireg noknhòxgc kiox`gohgxi{ `{z`kngceòx` zrix`|nhi{/

I{ ankl`nri{ kp|i xrgxgeòxix`g kiei anogcnhgh` ikpezrneòxi h` h`b`r {zbcnki{# oi kg{i h` hgxi{ kieii frgi h` enop{qgcg ip g

h`kcgrgkno hg kiohnkno h`noqgcnh`}/

ONQ@C E@HNI

Kien{no h` noargkkno{ghenon{xrgxnqg{ ip zògn{/ Gwpnci hi wp` {`|go r`{zio{gbc`{ghenon{xrgkno{ xrnbpxgrng{ {`r`cgknioò ki |`rknkni hg{ {g{zix`{xgh`{ xrnbpxgrng{/ Ankl`nri{ h` òxnhgh`{ |`{xirg{#{`rqn}i{ kieo{ hg [`fprnhgh` [ikngc#epxpg{ h` gkknhòx { h` xrgbgcci `òa`renhgh`{ zria`{niogn{ hg[`fprnhgh` [ikngc/ Agkòhg zbcnkg ,hgxi{ r`cgxnqi{ gxrnbpxi{ ip g ipxrg{ ibrnfg{ an{kgn{ wp`xrgxg g Ghenon{xrgkno oio i{r`cgxnqi{ gi{ nezi{xi{ wp` h`kcgrgo g{èzr`{g{./ Hgxi{ wp` z`renxgo r`hpknr ikiezirxgeòxi hi{ knhgho{/

ONQ@C GCXI

Nhìci|g ip gancngkno{nohnkgc/ R`cn|no ip krò}g{/ Irn|` rgkngc ip xonkg/

[gh` ,{`rqn}i{{ikngn{# o`k`{nhgh` h`gxòkno ehnkg`{z`kngc./ Qnhg {`|pgc/ R`kiccnhi{ zgrg ano{zicnkngn{ {òkio{òxneòxi hinox`r`{ghi/ Qnicòkng h` |o`ri/

Aiox`= NOX@KI

Ki ano h` gqgcngr g kcg{nankgkno hi{ ankl`nri{ zir onq`n{ og{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{#

{`c`kkniorio{` i{ {`fpnox`{ {`n{ xnzi{ h` ankl`nri{ kio hgxi{ z`r{ign{ wp` xrgxgo

lgbnxpgceòx`=

Gkxnqnhgh`{ kpcxprgn{# hpkgxnqg{ h`zirxnqg{/

\`{xno h` `|z`hnòx`{ ghenon{xrgxnqi{/



16/57


Kènx`rni/

G|phg{ ` {pbqòkno{/

Grwpnqi ln{xrnki/

Bnbcnix`kg eponknzgc/

I{ r`{pcxghi{ ràcnkxò po zr`hienoni h` kcg{nankgkno hi{ hgxi{ kio onq`c h` {`fprnhgh`

b{nki kpolg zirkòxg|` {pz`rnir gi 1% ò irfgon{ei{ wp` i g{nfogo g ankl`nri{ h`

gkxnqnhgh`{ kpcxprgn{# `hpkgxnqg{ ` h`zirxnqg{ ` po 68#>% h` kiok`cci{ wp` i g{nfogo gi{

ankl`nri{ h` |`{xno h` `|z`hnòx`{/

8/2 Xrgxgeòxi h` hgxi{ lgbnxpgn{ zir zgrx` hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{

Nhòxnankrio{` i{ {`fpnox`{ ankl`nri{# xihi{ `c`{ kpolg gcxg zribgbncnhgh` h` `|n{xòkng

og{ oxnhgh`{ cikgn{# kiei ankl`nri{ {z`kngceòx` {ò{nbc`{=

8/2/7 Zghro h` lgbnxgox`{

Xihg{ g{ z`r{ig{ wp` qnqò ò @{zgg x`ò g ibrnfg h` no{krnbnr{` oi zghro eponknzgc

h` lgbnxgox`{ hi cpfgr ioh` x`go g {g r`{nhòkng lgbnxpgc# {`fpohi g C`n 6)7>


17/57


G CIZH z`renx` wp` i r`{zio{gbc` hi ankl`nri lgbncnx` i gkk`{i egx`rngc g hgxi{ h`

kgrkx`r z`r{igc zir zgrx` hg òxnhgh` wp` cc` qgn zr`{xgr po {`rqn}i# wp` {` kio{xnxpnr

kiei òkgrfghi hi xrgxgeòxi# egcng wp` {` `{n|` wp` oi kioxrgxi kio{xò polg {`rn`h` r`wpn{nxi{# xgc`{ kiei {`fpnr g{ no{xrpkno{ hi r`{zio{gbc` hi ankl`nri# oio pxncn}gr i{

hgxi{ zgrg po ano hn{xnoxi# oio cc`ci{ kieponkgr g ipxrg{ z`r{ig{# `{xnzpcgr g{ e`hnhg{ h`

{`fprnhgh` hi grxnfi > `# kpezrnhg g zr`{xgkno# h`{xrpr i{ hgxi{ ip zrik`h`r {g

h`qicpkno gi r`{zio{gbc` hi ankl`nri/

8/2/; [`rqn}i{ [ikngn{

I{ [`rqn}i{ [ikngn{ `{xo hn{zinbc`{ ` {io gkk`{nbc`{ zgrg xihi{ i{ knhgho{ {ò

hn{krnenogkno/ I{ ankl`nri{ h` hgxi{ z`r{ign{ |`{xnioghi{ zici{ [`rqn}i{ [ikngn{ hg{

òxnhgh`{ zbcnkg{ cikgn{ kcg{nakgo{` kiei onq`c h` {`fprnhgh` gcxi/

G CIZH# oi {`p grxnfi 6# kio{nh`rg kiei hgxi{ h` onq`c gcxi i{ r`cgxnqi{ nhìci|g#

gancngkno {nohnkgc# r`cn|no ` krò}g{# g{ kiei i{ hgxi{ z`r{ign{ wp` agfgo rà`ròkng

irn|` rgkngc# {gh` ` qnhg {`|pgc# egcng wp` r`{z`kxi hi{ zrne`nri{ ponkgeòx` {`

zih` c`qgr g kgbi i xrgxgeòxi ki kio{òxneòxi `|zr`{i ` zir `{krnxi hi nox`r`{ghi/

R`{z`kxi hi{ {`fpohi{# { zih`ro {`r {icnknxghi{ kgohi g{ i hn{zig polg c`n ip

kgohi i ga`kxghi kio{noxg `|zr`{geòx`/

Zici xgoxi# kgohi polg òxnhgh` cikgc {icnknx` hgxi{ h`b`r egona`{xgr polg g|`nxghg

|p{xnankgkno hg anogcnhgh` hg zrizng zr`{xgkno {ikngc/

8/2/8 Cnkò}g h` gkxnqnhgh` h` cikgn{ kie`rkngn{

G {icnknxph` hpolg cnkò}g h` gkxnqnhgh` po gkxi ibrnfgxirni ` zr`qni gi nonkni h`

kgcwp`rg gkxnqnhgh` ezr`{grngc wp` o`k`{nx` {nxpgr{` opo cikgc/

I onq`c h` kcg{nankgkno hi{ hgxi{ h`{x`{ ankl`nri{ b{nki# zici wp` h`bò gzcnkgr{` g{

e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh` kirr`{ziohòx`{ nohnkghg{ oi RHCIZH/

lgbnxpgc og{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ wp` `{xg {icnknxph` {` r`gcnk` ò airegxi zgz`c# zici wp`

{` h`b` nokirzirgr g `{xg po x`|xi `|zcnkgxnqi oi wp` {` nohnwpò kcgrgeòx` i{{`fpnox`{ zpoxi{=

@|n{xòkng hpo ankl`nri# h`kcgrghi og G|òkng @{zgic h` Zrix`kkno h` Hgxi{#

ioh` {` qgo nokirzirgr i{ hgxi{ hg {icnknxph` nohnkgohi wpò i r`{zio{gbc` hi

ankl`nri/

Anogcnhgh` hi xrgxgeòxi hi{ hgxi{/

K`{no{ g x`rk`nri{ oi kg{i h` wp` {` zrihp}go/



18/57


Aireg h` `|`rk`r i{ h`r`nxi{ hi nox`r`{ghi= gkk`{i# r`kxnankgkno# kgok`cgkno `

izi{nkno# iar`kòhi po e`hni h` kioxgkxi kig oxnhgh` zgrg zih`r kioxgkxgr/

8/2/0 Qnhìqn|ncgokng

G kgzxgkno ` frgqgkno h` neg|`{ h` z`r{ig{ a{nkg{ nhòxnankghg{ ip nhòxnankgbc`{ zir

e`hni h` {n{xèg{ h` qnhìkegrg{ kio{nh`rghi zicg CIZH# {`fpohi i {`p grxnfi ;/g#

kiei hgxi h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc/ Kio{nhrg{` xrgxgeòxi h` hgxi{ z`r{ign{= g kgzxgkno#

frgqgkno# kio{`rqgkno# eihnankgkno# bciwpì ` k`{no h` neg|`{/

G{ zrnoknzgn{ {n|òkng{ zgrg nezcgoxgr {io g{ {`fpnox`{=

Hb`{` kicikgr# og{ }iog{ qnhìqn|nghg{# po hn{xnoxnqi noairegxnqi {panknòxèòx`

qn{nbc`/ @{x` hn{xnoxnqi h`b`r nokcpr polg rà`ròkng C`n irfonkg 70)7>>># hi 7;h` h`kèbri# h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc# polg eòkno

anogcnhgh` hi xrgxgeòxi ,"}iog qnhìqn|nghg". ` gox` wpò zih` `|`rknxgr{` i{

h`r`nxi{ ò egx`rng h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{/

[ {` kio{nh`rgr ghen{nbc` g no{xgcgkno h` kegrg{ kgohi g anogcnhgh` h`

qn|ncgokng oio {` zinhg ibx`r e`hngox` ipxri{ e`hni{/

I ankl`nri h` neg|`{ h` qnhìqn|ncgokng `{n|` g {g zr`qng oixnankgkno G|òkng

@{zgicg h` Zrix`kkno h` Hgxi{# zgrg g no{krnkno oi {`p R`|n{xri \`rgc/

R`{pei `|`kpxnqi hi @{xphi {ibr` g {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc oi ebnxi hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{Ib{`rqgxirni hg [`fprnhgh` hg Noairegkno Z|nog7< h`06


19/57


0 NO[KRNKNO H@ ANKL@NRI[ H@ HGXI[ H@

KGRKX@R Z@R[IGC# R@[ZIO[GBC@ H@

[@FPRNHGH@ @ HIKPE@OXI H@ [@FPRNHGH@

@{x` zpoxi ei{xrg i onq`c h` ki`kèòxi ò r`cgkno kig no{krnkno h` ankl`nri{ h`

hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc# g ibrnfg h` h`{nfogr po r`{zio{gbc` h` {`fprnhgh` ` g

hànonkno hi gckgok` hi hikpeòxi h` {`fprnhgh`/

0/7 No{krnkno h` ankl`nri{

G h`kcgrgkno hi{ ankl`nri{ oi r`|n{xri hg G@ZH zir zgrx` hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ polg

zrkxnkg zipki `{xòhnhg g onq`c fcibgc# kiei ei{xrg i a`nxi h` wp` i r`gcn}g{ò i 81#8%hi{ kiok`cci{# ariox` g po 8;% wp` oio i{ h`kcgrip ` po 7:#0% wp` hn h`{ki`k`ci/ Oi

kg{i hg{ h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{# po %./ Oi cghi izi{xi# gxzgo{` i{ eponknzni{ h` eòir xgegi# ioh` po

;6#2% i r`gcn}go/ G `|k`zkno zgrg `{x` `{xrgxi `{x oi kg{i hi{ fib`roi{ h`

cikgcnhgh`{ h` 0:: g 7/::: lgbnxgox`{ ,00#;%./

0/2 R`{zio{gbc` h` {`fprnhgh`

G{ òxnhgh`{ h`bò oie`gr po r`{zio{gbc` h` {`fprnhgh` zgrg wp` lg|g polg anfprg#

ki`knhg zir xihi{# òkgrfghg h` q`cgr zici kpezrneòxi hg oiregxnqg/ Oio ib{xgox`# g

r`gcnhgh` ei{xrg wp` { ain h`{nfoghi zir po 2 h`06


20/57


0/;/2 E`hnhg{# oireg{# zrik`hèòxi{# r`frg{ ` `{xohgr`{

G zirkòxg|` h` òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ wp` g onq`c fcibgc g{ nezcèòxg hi ;0#6% zgrg i{

kiok`cci{ ` hi 17#7% zgrg g{ h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{# ariox` gi8>#2% ` gi ;;#;% wp` oio i r`gcn}grio/

0/;/; Apokno{ ` ibrnfg{ hi z`r{igc

Po 81#7% hi{ kiok`cci{ g onq`c fcibgc ` po 01#


21/57


1 C@\NXNEGKNO H@ HGXI[= NOAIREGKNO#

KIO[@OXNE@OXI# K@[NO @

KIOANH@OKNGCNHGH@

I xrgxgeòxi hi{ hgxi{ z`r{ign{ zir polg òxnhgh` cikgc lg h` kpezrnr kig oiregxnqg

qn|òx` oi r`cgxnqi r`kiccnhg hg noairegkno ,grxnfi 0 hg CIZH.# gi {`p egoxèòxi `

gkxpgcn}gkno ,grxnfi 8 hg CIZH.# gi xrgxgeòxi ` k`{no g x`rk`nri{ ,grxnfi 77 ` 72 hg

CIZH. ` agkncnxgkno hi{ h`r`nxi{ hi{ knhgho{ ,xxpci NNN hg CIZH./

1/7 H`b`r h` noairegkno gi nox r`{ghi {ibr` g anogcnhgh` hi xrgxgeòxi

I{ r`{zio{gbc`{ h` ankl`nri{ ip xrgxgeòxi{ x`ò g ibrnfg h` noairegr i{ knhgho{{ibr`=

G nokirzirgkno hi{ {`p{ hgxi{ g po ankl`nri/

G nhòxnhgh` ` òh`r`}i hi r`{zio{gbc`/

G anogcnhgh` hi ankl`nri/

I{ h`{xnogxgrni{ hg noairegkno/

G zi{nbncnhgh` h` `|`rknxgr i{ h`r`nxi{ h` gkk`{i# r`kxnankgkno# kgok`cgkno `

izi{nkno/

Po 16#0% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` po 62#2% hg{ h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{

h`kcgrgo wp` kpezrò ki h`b`r h` noairegkno/ G onq`c h` `{xrgxi{# i kpezrneòxi qgrg

òxr` po >:#6%# po 67#7% ` po 10#1% hi{ kiok`cci{ h` frgoh`{# e`hngoi{ ` z`wpòi{

eponknzni{# r`{z`kxnqgeòx`/

1/2 H`b`r h` kio{òxneòxi hi nox r`{ghi zgrg i xrgxgeòxi hi{ hgxi{

@{x` h`b`r nezcnkg g ibrnfg h` {icnknxgr i kio{òxneòxi `|zcknxi hg{ z`r{ig{ a{nkg{

xnxpcgr`{ hi{ hgxi{# gox`{ hg r`kiccnhg h`{x`{# zgrg zrik`h`r zi{x`rnireòx` gi {`p

xrgxgeòxi/

I grxnfi 7:/; hi RHCIZH {nogcg wp` i{ hgxi{ zih`ro xrgxgr{` {ò o`k`{nhgh` hi

kio{òxneòxi hi nox`r`{ghi zgrg i `|`rknkni hg{ apokno{ zrizng{ hg{ ghenon{xrgkno{

zbcnkg{ oi ebnxi hg{ kiez`xòkng{ wp` cc`{ gxrnbg polg oireg kio rgofi h` c`n ip

polg oireg h` h`r`nxi kieponxgrni/

G onq`c fcibgc# i ;1#8% h` kiok`cci{ ibx`ò i kio{òxneòxi ` {io i{ eponknzni{ hègnir oe`ri h` lgbnxgox`{# i{ h` 0:/::: g 7::/::: lgbnxgox`{# kpo 1>#2%# i{ wp` en{



22/57


kpezrò kio `{x` r`wpn{nxi/ Oi cghi izi{xi# gxzgo{` i{ z`wpòi{ kiok`cci{ wp` oio

{pz`rgo i 8:%/

1/; \`{xno hg k`{no h` hgxi{

@oxoh`{` zir k`{no h` hgxi{ xihg r`q`cgkno h` hgxi{ r`gcn}ghg g polg z`r{ig a{nkg

ip |prhnkg hn{xnoxg hi nox`r`{ghi/

I{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc ib|`kxi hi xrgxgeòxi { zih`ro {`r kieponkghi{ g po

x`rk`nri zgrg i kpezrneòxi h` ano{ hnr`kxgeòx` r`cgknioghi{ kig{ apokno{ noaireghg{

` bgn|i i zr`qni kio{òxneòxi hi nox`r`{ghi# {`fpohi i grxnfi 77 hg CIZH ` i grxnfi 7:

hi RHCIZH/

Xrxg{` hpolg e`hnhg wp` g onq`c fcibgc i r`gcn}go i 81#>% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` po 00#1%hg{ h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr {/ Oio ib{xgox`# {n i `{x zgrg i{ kiok`cci{

h` frgoh`{ eponknzni{# ioh` po 67#6% i c`qg g kgbi# ariox` g po 0;#7% ` po 88% hi{

kiok`cci{ h` e`hngoi{ ` z`wpòi{ eponknzni{/

1/8 Kioanhòkngcnhgh` hi{ hgxi{

I r`{zio{gbc` hi{ ankl`nri{ h`b` fgrgoxnr# e`hngox` i `{xgbc`kèòxi h` kcp{pcg{ h`

kioanhòkngcnhgh`# i h`b`r h` fgrhgr {`fr`hi {ibr` g noairegkno xrgxghg/ @{xg{ h`bò

{`r g{noghg{ zici z`r{igc hg òxnhgh` wp` x`go gkk`{i gi{ ankl`nri{ ` wp` ga`kxgo xgoxi

i z`r{igc hg zrizng òxnhgh` kieg i{ x`rk`nri{ ki{ wp` {` x`g gcfo xnzi h` gkirhi/

G onq`c fcibgc# cqgi g kgbi po 2% hi{ kiok`cci{/ Oi kg{i hg{ h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{

` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{ g {nxpgkno e`ccirg# |g wp` i r`gcn}g po 88#8%/ Oio ib{xgox`# `{x

{nxpgkno en{ zxneg oi{ fib`roi{ h` xihi{ i{ okcì{ h` òxr` 0:/::: ` 0::/:::

lgbnxgox`{# ioh` en{ hpo 68% hg{ òxnhgh`{ r`gcn}go `{xg zrkxnkg/



23/57


6 H@R@NXI[ GRKI

Po hi{ zpoxi{ kcgq` hg CIZH qo kio{xnxphi zici{ h`r`nxi{ h` gkk`{i# r`kxnankgkno#kgok`cgkno ` izi{nkno ,ki`knhi{ kiei h`r`nxi{ GRKI.# r`ki`knhi{ gi{ xnxpcgr`{ hi{

hgxi{/ H` aireg br`q`# zhò{` h`{krnbnr hi {`fpnox` |`nxi=

Gkk`{i= ibrnfg h` noairegr frgxpnxgeòx` h` xihi{ gwp`c`{ hgxi{ wp` {` zi{ò

{ibr` po knhgho/

R`kxnankgkno= kgcwp`rg nohnqnhpi xò h`r`nxi kirr`kkno h` xihi{ gwp`c`{ hgxi{

wp` kio{nh`r` no`|gkxi{ ip nokiezc`xi{# nogh`kpghi{ ip `|k`{nqi{ {ibr` g {g

z`r{ig/

Kgok`cgkno= kgohi i{ hgxi{ hi nox`r`{ghi {`|go no`|gkxi{ ip nogh`kpghi{# `{x`

zih`r {icnknxgr i bciwpì hi{ hgxi{# òxòhohi{` kiei g nhòxnankgkno `

r`{`rqg h` hgxi{# ki ano h` nez`hnr i {`p xrgxgeòxi/

Izi{nkno= i{ hgxi{ {`ro `|kcphi{ hi xrgxgeòxi zici r`{zio{gbc` hi ankl`nri/

Kiei kioxrgzgrxnhg h`{x`{ h`r`nxi{# g c`n kio{nh`rg g ibrnfg hi r`{zio{gbc` hi ankl`nri

h` gxòh`r ` h` cc`{ agkncnxgr i `|`rknkni h`{x`{ h`r`nxi{ gi{ xnxpcgr`{ hi{ hgxi{/

Oio ib{xgox`# ` {`fpohi r`kicc` i grxnfi 2; hg CIZH# i{ r`{zio{gbc`{ hi{ ankl`nri{ wp`

kiox`go hgxi{ pxncn}ghi{ zgrg ano{ zicnkngn{ zih`ro hò`fgr i gkk`{i# g r`kxnankgkno ip

g kgok`cgkno# ò apokno hi{ z`rnfi{ wp` zpnh`{ò h`rnqgr{` zgrg g hàò{g hi @{xghi

ip g {`fprnhgh` zbcnkg# g zrix`kkno hi{ h`r`nxi{ ` cnb`rhgh`{ h` x`rk`nri{ ip g{

o`k`{nhgh`{ hg{ noq`{xnfgkno{ wp` {` `{x`go g r`gcn}gr/

@|n{x` g ibrnfg zgrg g{ òxnhgh`{ h` cc`{ hgr noairegkno gi{ knhgho{ {ibr` kiei `{x`{

h`bò `|`rk`r i{ {`p{ h`r`nxi{ GRKI/ O`{x` {òxnhi# hb`{`cc` agkncnxgr gi nox`r`{ghi po

e`hni {no|`ci ` frgxpxi zgrg egona`{xgr g {g o`fgxnqg gi xrgxgeòxi hi{ hgxi{# xgc `

kiei {` r`kicc` h` aireg en{ gezcg oi{ grxnfi{ 20 ` 21 hi RHCIZH/

I `|`rknkni h` h`r`nxi{ `{x bg{xgox` `{xòhnhi òxr` i{ kiok`cci{ ` g{ h`zpxgkno{#

kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{# ioh` opo 8>#8% ` po 02##0% ` 60%#

r`{z`kxnqgeòx`./ I eòir onq`c h` kib`rxprg h{` oi{ kiok`cci{ h` 0/::: g 7:/:::

lgbnxgox`{# ioh` {` r`gcn}g zir en{ hi 0:% hi{ fib`roi{/

R`{pei `|`kpxnqi hi @{xphi {ibr` g {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc oi ebnxi hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{Ib{`rqgxirni hg [`fprnhgh` hg Noairegkno Z|nog2; h`06


24/57


< E@HNHG[ H@ [@FPRNHGH@

Zgrg i kirr`kxi xrgxgeòxi hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc# hbò{` x`r ò kioxg zicxnkg{`{z`kankg{ h` {`fprnhgh` wp` fgrgoxgo g {g zrnqgknhgh`/ @{xg{ lgo h` xrghpknr{`

opolg {`rn` h` zrik`hèòxi{ ` kioxrin{ wp` airego zgrx` hi{ r`wpnrneòxi{ zgrg

ghgzxgr{` oiregxnqg h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ ` wp` {io r`kiccnhi{ hòxri hi RHCIZH

kiei e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh`# eixnqi `{x` zici kgc h`bò anfprgr oi hikpeòxi h`

{`fprnhgh` hg òxnhgh`/

G kioxnopgkno# gogc}g{` i onq`c h` kpezrneòxi hg{ e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh` `{n|nhg{ oi

RHCIZH# wp` kiezròh` i{ kioxrin{ xgoxi h` |`{xno kieg h` kgrkx`r xkonki/


25/57



Zir ipxrg zgrx`# g{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ x`ò xgeo g ibrnfgxirn`hgh` h` `{xgbc`k`r gcfo

zrik`{i h` gpxòxnkgkno ip kiezribgkno hg nhòxnhgh` hi p{pgrni/ I p{i h`

kioxrg{nogn{# h` xgr|`xg{ nox`cn|òx`{ ip kioxrin{ bniexrnki{ {io e`hni{ hn{zinbc`{ zgrgxgc ano# {èzr` wp` {` |`{xnioò kirr`kxgeòx`7/

Oio ib{xgox`# g{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ h`bò# oi kg{i h` wp` {` `cn|n{` po exihi h`

gpxòxnkgkno zir kioxrg{nogn{# `{xgbc`k`r polg zicxnkg wp` hànog g aireg h` g{nfogr `

h` cc` kieponkgr# g zrne`nrg q`} wp` {` cc` ipxirfp`# g po p{pgrni i {`p gkk`{i gi

{n{xèg# g{ kiei g {g ròiqgkno z`rnhnkg/ G h`qgohnxg e`hnhg |g ain zi{xg ò

egrklg zir po 1


26/57


Ghègn{# `{x` h`r`nxi h`b` {`r kiok`hnhi { zir wpò h`{nfog{` i r`{zio{gbc` hi

ankl`nri ` ghinxgo {`r i ghenon{xrghir ip ghenon{xrghir`{ hi{ {n{xèg{ i{ wp`

egx`rngcn}go i{ z`ren{i{ h` gkk`{i gi{ {n{xèg{ hi{ p{pgrni{/ G{ òxnhgh`{ h`bò`{xgbc`k`r po e`kgon{ei h` gpxirn}gkno{ zgrg wp` i ghenon{xrghir kiox` kig fgrgoxg

{panknòx` h` wp` cc` h`b` ipxirfgr i gkk`{i gi p{pgrni wp` i {icnknxg{`/ I h`qgohnxi

e`kgon{ei `{xgbc`knhi zici 68#8% hg{ h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{

` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{/

Zir cxnei# lirg h` `{xgbc`k`r i kioxric h` gkk`{i# nezirxgox` wp` g {nxpgkno hi{

{n{xèg{ h` noairegkno hg{ òxnhgh`{ hn{zig hpo kioxric h` gkk`{i a{nki# h` |`nxi wp`

neznhg wp` kgcwp`rg z`r{ig oio gpxirn}ghg x`g gkk`{i ` zinhg r`gcn}gr kgcwp`rg

egonzpcgkno argphpcòxg/

G onq`c fcibgc r`gcn}ghi zici 00#1% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` i 1>#8% hg{ h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{

` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{/


27/57


G `cgbirgkno# kio kgrkx`r eò{pgc# hpo noaire` hg{ r`qn{no{ r`gcn}ghg{ ` hi{

zribcèg{ h`x`kxghi{ zir zgrx` hi r`{zio{gbc` h` {`fprnhgh` ,grxnfi 7:;/0 hi

RHCIZH.4 n{xi kezròi i 21#1% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` i 7;#>% hg{ h`zpxgkno{#kio{`cci{ kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{ g onq`c fcibgc/


28/57


R`{pei `|`kpxnqi hi @{xphi {ibr` g {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc oi ebnxi hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{Ib{`rqgxirni hg [`fprnhgh` hg Noairegkno Z|nog2< h`06

z`r{igc# nokcphi{ i{ kiezròhnhi{ `)ip gccì{ g po kirrì `c`kxronki# arg hi{

cikgn{ ` bgn|i i kioxric hi r`{zio{gbc` hi ankl`nri ip xrgxgeòxi ,grxnfi >2/2

RHCIZH./ Kiezcèòxgrngeòx` g `{xg hn{zi{nkno# i grxnfi >2/; hi RHCIZH`{xgbc`k` wp`# kgohi {` qgng zrik`h`r gi xrg{cghi hg hikpeòxgkno# {` h`bò

ghizxgr e`hnhg{ zgrg `qnxgr g {pbxrgkkno# z`rhg ip gkk`{i noh`bnhi

noairegkno hprgox` i {`p xrgo{zirx`/

G onq`c fcibgc# i kioxric hg {ghg ` òxrghg h` {izirx`{ r`gcn}ghi zici 7#1% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` i ;1#7% hg{ h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{

`|`kpxgo e`hnhg{ zgrg nez`hnr g r`kpz`rgkno noh`bnhg hg noairegkno/

G nhòxnankgkno# |`{xno ` hn{xrnbpkno hi{ {izirx`{ ` i xrgxgeòxi ò hn{zi{nxnqi{

zirxxnc`{ ,grxnfi 7:7 hi RHCIZH./ R`{z`kxi h`{x`{ cxnei{# g oiregxnqg

`{xgbc`k` wp` h`b`r `qnxgr{` i p{i hgwp`c`{ wp` oio z`renxgo i {`p knarghi `#

oi kg{i h` wp` {`|g `{xrnxgeòx` o`k`{grni# agrg{` kio{xgr# eixnqghgeòx`# oihikpeòxi h` {`fprnhgh` ` ghizxgrgo{` e`hnhg{ wp` x`go ò kioxg i{ rn{ki{

h` r`gcn}gr xrgxgeòxi{ o ebnxi{ h`{zrix`|nhi{/

G onq`c fcibgc# i kpezrneòxi h`{xg{ zr`rrifgxnqg{ zicg{ òxnhgh`{ {nencgr# hghi

wp` i ;6#;% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` i ;1#7% hg{ h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{

2 Nox`ki/ R`pxncn}gkno ` {pb{xnxpkno {`fprg h` hn{zi{nxnqi{ h` gcegkògeòxi/ Hn{zinbc` ò=

lxxz=))vvv/nox`ki/`{)[`fprnhgh)Ib{`rqgxirni)@{xphni{Y`YNoaire`{)Oixg{Y~YGrxnkpci{)R`pxncn}gknioY~Y{p{xnxpknioY{`fprgYh`Yhn{zi{nxnY77
http://www.inteco.es/Seguridad/Observatorio/Estudios_e_Informes/Notas_y_Articulos/Reutilizacion_y_sustitucion_segura_de_dispositi_11http://www.inteco.es/Seguridad/Observatorio/Estudios_e_Informes/Notas_y_Articulos/Reutilizacion_y_sustitucion_segura_de_dispositi_11http://www.inteco.es/Seguridad/Observatorio/Estudios_e_Informes/Notas_y_Articulos/Reutilizacion_y_sustitucion_segura_de_dispositi_11http://www.inteco.es/Seguridad/Observatorio/Estudios_e_Informes/Notas_y_Articulos/Reutilizacion_y_sustitucion_segura_de_dispositi_11


29/57


no{pcgr`{ ganrego knargr i{ hgxi{ kioxnhi{ oi{ {izirx`{ wp` {gò hg{ no{xgcgkno{

hg oxnhgh`/

8/7 hi

RHCIZH./ @{xg gkkno r`gc}g{`# g onq`c fcibgc# zici 00#2% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` en{

hi >:%# ò kiokr`xi i >8#8%# hg{ h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{/

I `{xgbc`kèòxi h` zrik`hèòxi{ zgrg g r`kpz`rgkno hi{ hgxi{ wp`

fgrgoxgo# ò xihi eieòxi# g {g r`kio{xrpkno gi `{xghi ò wp` {` gxizgbgo

gi xèzi h` zrihpknr{` g z`rhg ip h`{xrpkno ,grxnfi >8/2 hi RHCIZH./ Kig

`|k`zkno h` wp` qn{ò ga`kxghi{ ankl`nri{ ip xrgxgeòxi{ zgrkngceòx`

gpxiegxn}ghi{# ` {èzr` wp` g `|n{xòkng hg hikpeòxgkno z`renxg g

r`kpz`rgkno# h`b`rg{` zrik`h`r g frgqgr egopgceòx` i{ hgxi{ h`n|gohi

kio{xgokng eixnqghg h`{x` a`nxi oi hikpeòxi h` {`fprnhgh`/ @oxr` g{ òxnhgh`{cikgn{# i 02#


30/57


i Egox`g po r`|n{xri kio xihg{ g{ r`{xgprgkno{ wp` {` r`gcnkò/ @{x` h`b`

kiox`r g {`fpnox` noairegkno= hgxg ` lirg# z`r{ig wp` r`gcn}g g

r`{xgprgkno ` i{ hgxi{ wp` {` r`{xgprgo h` aireg egopgc ,zir oio `{xgrnokcphi{ og kizng h` gzini./ R`{z`kxi hi r`|n{xri# i frgi h` nezcgoxgkno

egnir# kpo 7::% hi{ eponknzni{ h` en{ h` 0::/::: lgbnxgox`{ ` hi

07% zgrg i{ h` en{ h` 0:/::: lgbnxgox`{/ I r`{xi h` `{xrgxi{ qgrg

grr`hir hi 20% h` irfgon{ei{ wp` kpezrò ki `{xgbc`knhi og oiregxnqg#

eòi{ oi kg{i hi{ eponknzni{ h` òxr` 7:/::: ` 0:/::: lgbnxgox`{

,;0#6%./

G kio{`rqgkno hpolg kizng h` gzini hi{ hgxi{ ` hi{ zrik`hèòxi{ h`

r`kpz`rgkno h`{x`{ opo cpfgr hna`ròx` hgwp`c ò wp` {` gxizò i{ `wpnzi{

noairexnki{ wp` i{ xrgxgo# zgrg gwp`c`{ hgxi{ z`r{ign{ h` onq`c gcxi ,grxnfi 7:2

hi RHCIHZ./ @{xg ibrnfg kezròg i 18#0% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` i 11#6% hg{

h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{/ Oio ib{xgox`# g onq`c hi xgegi hi{

eponknzni{# i kpezrneòxi {pz`rnir g `{xg{ zirkòxg|`{ oi{ h` en{ h` 7:/:::

lgbnxgox`{/

8/8 wp` g{ zribg{ zr`qng{ nezcgoxgkno ip

eihnankgkno hi{ {n{xèg{ h` noairegkno wp` xrgxò ankl`nri{ kio hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r

z`r{igc oio {` r`gcn}gro kio hgxi{ r`gn{# {gcqi wp`=

[` g{`fpr` i onq`c h` {`fprnhgh` kirr`{ziohòx` gi xrgxgeòxi r`gcn}ghi/

[` goix` g {g r`gcn}gkno oi hikpeòxi h` {`fprnhgh`/

[` r`gcnk` polg kizng h` {`fprnhgh`/

G r`{zi{xg hg{ òxnhgh`{ zgrxnknzgox`{ oi `{xphi ei{xrg wp`# g onq`c fcibgc# i 1:% hi{

kiok`cci{ ` i 0


31/57


grxnfi >1 hi RHCIZH# g polg gphnxirg nox`rog ip `|x`rog# zici eòi{ kghg hip{ goi{#

wp` q`rnanwp` i kpezrneòxi hg{ e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh`/

G onq`c fcibgc# g{ hnxg{ gphnxirg{ {io r`gcn}ghg{ zici 7:#>% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` i 7>#8% hg{

h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{/

Oio ib{xgox`# g hnxg gphnxirg h`b`r r`gcn}gr{` kio kgrkx`r `|xrgirhnogrni {èzr` wp`

{` r`gcnkò eihnankgkno{ {pb{xgokngn{ oi {n{xèg h` noairegkno wp` zinhgo r`z`rkpxnr

oi kpezrneòxi hg{ e`hnhg{ nezcgoxghg{# ki ib|`kxnqi h` q`rnankgr g ghgzxgkno#

gh`kpgkno ankgkng h`{xg{/

Xrg{ i zrik`{i h` gphnxirg# h`b`rg{` r`gcn}gr po noaire` wp` lg h` kpezrnr ki{

{`fpnox`{ ib|`kxnqi{=

Hnxgenogr {ibr` g gh`kpgkno hg{ e`hnhg{ ` kioxrin{ c`n ` i {`p

h`{òqicqèòxi r`fpcgeòxgrni/

Nhòxnankgr g{ hànknòkng{ wp` zinhgo kiox`r i{ {n{xèg{ h` noairegkno ` g{

no{xgcgkno{/

Zrizi`r g{ e`hnhg{ kirr`kxirg{ ip kiezcèòxgrng{ o`k`{grng{/

Nokcpr i{ hgxi{# a`nxi{ ` ib{`rqgkno{ ò wp` {` bg{`ò i{ hnxge`{ gckgo}ghi{ `g{ r`kieòhgkno{ zrizi{xg{/

I h`qgohnxi noaire` r`gcn}ghi zici 7;#>% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` i ;;#;% hg{ h`zpxgkno{#

kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{/ Zir xgegi hi `{xrgxi# kezr`{` zici 0:#% hi{ h` e`hngoi{ eponknzni{ ` i 6#6% hi{ h`

eòir xgegi/

Zir cxnei# g oiregxnqg `{xgbc`k` wp` i{ noaire`{ h` gphnxirg lgo h` {`r gogcn}ghi{

zici r`{zio{gbc` h` {`fprnhgh` kiez`xòx`# wp` `c`qgr g{ kiokcp{no{ gi r`{zio{gbc`

hi ankl`nri ip xrgxgeòxi zgrg wp` ghizx` g{ e`hnhg{ kirr`kxirg{ g|`nxghg{ ` wp`hgro hn{zi{nkno hg G|òkng @{zgicg h` Zrix`kkno h` Hgxi{ ip# {` i kg{i# hg{

gpxirnhgh`{ h` kioxric hg{ kieponhgh`{ gpxoieg{/

G onq`c fcibgc# cqgoi g kgbi po 27#1% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` po 7>#8% hg{ h`zpxgkno{#

kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{# gohg wp` g onq`c h` `{xrgxi i r`gcn}go i ;>% hi{

kiok`cci{ h` frgoh`{ eponknzni{ ` i 2:#0% hi{ h` e`hngoi xgegi/

R`{pei `|`kpxnqi hi @{xphi {ibr` g {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc oi ebnxi hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{Ib{`rqgxirni hg [`fprnhgh` hg Noairegkno Z|nog;7 h`06


32/57


> [PZ@RQN[NO# NO[Z@KKNO[# H@OPOKNG[ @

[GOKNO[ H@RNQGHG[ HI NOKPEZRNE@OXI HG

OIREGXNQG H@ ZRIX@KKNO H@ HGXI[

G{ G|òkng{ h` Zrix`kkno h` Hgxi{# xgoxi g `{xgxgc kiei g{ gpxioenkg{# x`ò

gxrnbphg{# zir c`n# kiez`xòkng{ o egx`rng {goknioghirg/

I zrik`hèòxi {goknioghir# h` kioairenhgh` ki zr`qn{xi oi grxnfi 8>8# hi 2: h` |pi# wp` h`xgccg g kgoc` wp` {` lg {`fpnr

zgrg g h`x`renogkno hg{ noargkkno{ ` g nezi{nkno h` {gokno{/

Oi kg{i hg{ ghenon{xrgkno{ zbcnkg{# {`fpohi i grxnfi 8;/2 hg CIZH# `{xgrg{`# òkgoxi gi zrik`hèòxi ` { {gokno{# gi hn{zi{xi oi grxnfi 81 wp` `{xgbc`k` g{

noargkkno{ h`{xg{ òxnhgh`{/

@{x` zpoxi gogcn}g i qicpe` h` òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ wp` {` qnrio ga`kxghg{ zir polg

no{z`kkno hg G@ZH# i onq`c h` ki`kèòxi r`{z`kxi hg{ {gokno{ { wp` zihò q`r{`

{ie`xnhi{ i{ irfgon{ei{ kiei kio{`kpòkng hpo nokpezrneòxi hg oiregxnqg h`

zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ ` {` {parnrio gcfpolg {gokno/

>/7 No{z`kkno{G onq`c fcibgc# i #2% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` i /2 Hòpokng{ ` {gokno{

G{ òxnhgh`{ zgrxnknzgox`{ oi zr`{òx` `{xphi airio zr`fpoxghg{ gk`rkg h` {` x`òki`kèòxi hg{ {gokno{ wp` zih` nezi`r g G|òkng @{zgicg h` Zrix`kkno h`

Hgxi{ ` {` {parnrio gcfpolg {gokno/

I ;2#7% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` i 1>#8% hg{ h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{ ganrego

ki`k`cg/ Zir xgegi hi `{xrgxi# `{x` ki`kèòxi hpo 0#6% wp` oio i an|i/ Oi kg{i hg{

h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{# po >7#6% h`cg{ oio {parnp {gokno ` i r`{xi

ganreg h`{ki`k`ci/



33/57


I nezirx` hg{ {gokno{ qgrngbc`/ H`oh` i{ 1:: gxg i 1:/::: # oi kg{i hg{ noargkkno{

c`q`{# gi{ nox`rqgci{ h` 1:/7:7#27 ` i{ 7


34/57


7: G IZNONO HI[ @\Z@RXI[ R@[Z@KXI HI FRGI

H@ GHGZXGKNO @ NEZCGOXGKNO HG OIREGXNQG

O`{x` kgzxpci r`kcc`{` g iznono h` `|z`rxi{ og egx`rng# ki ano h` `{xgbc`k`r po egrki

h` gocn{` wp` gkl`fp` oiqg{ z`r{z`kxnqg{ ` {nogc` oiqg{ xòhòkng{ h` gkxpgkno

r`{z`kxi hi frgi h` ghgzxgkno ` nezcgoxgkno hg oiregxnqg ò zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ zir

zgrx` hg{ oxnhgh`{ cikgn{/

G {`c`kkno hi{ `|z`rxi{ r`gcn}ip{` g zgrxnr hpo{ ebnxi{ h` r`zr`{òxgxnqnhgh` ` h`

z`ra{ zria`{niogn{ wp` z`renxn{` fgrgoxnr i òaiwp` nox`frgc ` g kib`rxprg h` hna`ròx`{

zpoxi{ h` qn{xg=

@|z`rnòkng h` |`{xno `)ip xkonkg oi ebnxi hg{ òxnhgh`{ zbcnkg{/

@{z`kngcn}gkno o zrix`kkno h` hgxi{/

R`{zio{gbncnhgh` og zcgonankgkno ` |`{xno hi{ {n{xèg{ h` noairegkno `

kieponkgkno{/

R`zr`{òxgxnqnhgh` oi{ hn{xnoxi{ onq`n{ hg{ òxnhgh`{ zbcnkg{ cikgn{# |g {`|g

kiok`cci{# h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{/

O`{x` {òxnhi# i frpzi h` `|z`rxi{ `{xnqi kiezi{xi zir r`{zio{gbc`{ hg{ r`g{

h`{krnxg{ h` 28 òxnhgh`{ zbcnkg{ cikgn{ wp` r`zr`{òxgo kiok`cci{ h` hn{xnoxi xgegi `

|ìfrgag# g{ kiei h`zpxgkno{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{/ [icnknxip{` xgeo g kicgbirgkno hg

G|òkng @{zgicg h` Zrix`kkno h` Hgxi{ ` hg{ xr`{ g|òkng{ gpxioenkg{ wp` `|n{xò

gkxpgceòx`= Kieponhgh` h` Eghrnh# Kgxgcpg ` Zg{ Qg{ki# g{ kiei g kicgbirgkno h`

zria`{niogn{ noh`zòhòx`{/

Kig noairegkno r`kiccnhg h`{xg iznono kpgcnankghg `cgbrg{` g zr`{òx` `zfrga` wp`

kioxo g gocn{` h`xgccghg h`=

G hànonkno hi{ onq`n{ h` eghpr`} og nezcgoxgkno hg{ e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh`#

kiei a`rrgeòxg h` {`c`kkno h` zrnirnhgh`{ og ag{` nonkngc h` ghgzxgkno c`n/

G{# hànorio{` xr`{ onq`n{ h` eghpr`} zgrg g{ e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh` h`{krnxg{

oi r`fpcgeòxi ` ki zriz{nxi h` cc`{ g|phgr# h`{xg aireg# { òxnhgh`{ wp`

nonknò g {g ghgzxgkno ip r`fpcgkno oiregxnqg# zgrg wp` zinhgo {`c`kkniogr

g{ gkkno{ zrnirnxgrng{/

I kio|poxi h` big{ zrkxnkg{ wp` cc`{ {nrqgo { òxnhgh`{ zgrg nonkngr ip

e`ccirgr g {g ghgzxgkno c`n# nhòxnankgohi g{ big{ zrkxnkg{# xgoxi h` kgrkx`rirfgon}gxnqi kieg xkonki# zgrg cifrgr polg g|`nxghg ` ànkg} nezcgoxgkno hg{

e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh` {n|nhg{/



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I{ `|èzci{ h` kg{i{ h` |nxi og gzcnkgkno h` big{ zrkxnkg{/

[`c`kkniorio{` kgxri `|z`rnòkng{ wp` h`{xgkgo zir gcfo g{z`kxi r`cgxnqi

CIZH# bò {`|g zicg nezcgoxgkno h` aireg `|nxi{g hgcfpolg e`hnhg h`{`fprnhgh` ip zici cgbir h` g|phg g ipxrg{ òxnhgh`{ wp` zinhgo `{xgr g zr`{xgr

og gkxpgcnhgh`/

7:/7 Onq`n{ h` eghpr`}

G hànonkno h` onq`n{ h` eghpr`} og nezcgoxgkno agkncnxghg zici{ `|z`rxi{ zr`xòh`

{icpkniogr i zribcèg hg {`c`kkno h` zrnirnhgh`{ og ag{` nonkngc h` ghgzxgkno c`n# h`

aireg wp` kghg onq`c gkie`xg polg{ h`x`renoghg{ e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh` hg

r`fpcgeòxgkno { wp` cc`{ nr hgohi kpezrneòxi zir ag{`{/

G nezcgoxgkno zrifr`{nqg h`{x`{ onq`n{ zrizirkniogr kiei r`{pcxghi polg kiezc`xg

ghgzxgkno gi{ r`wpn{nxi{ hànonhi{ og oiregxnqg# g{ kiei g izxnen}gkno hi{ kioxrin{

nezcgoxghi{/ I{ onq`n{ h` eghpr`}# wp` {io gkpepcgxnqi{# zihò kcg{nankgr{` hi {`fpnox`

|`nxi=

Onq`c nokiezc`xi h` kpezrneòxi ,onq`c 7.= kiezròh` g{ e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh`

`cèòxgn{# gohg wp` oio nokcò xihg{ g{ o`k`{grng{ h` gkirhi kig c`|n{cgkno/

Onq`c c`fgc h` kpezrneòxi ,onq`c 2.= kiezròh` xihg{ g{ e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh`

zgrg kio{`fpnr g nezcgoxgkno hi{ r`wpn{nxi{ r`kiccnhi{ oi RHCIZH/

Onq`c gqgo}ghi h` kpezrneòxi ,onq`c ;.= kiezròh` g |`{xno ` g e`ccirg

kioxnopg h` xihg{ g{ e`hnhg{ hànonhg{ oi RHCIZH ` g{ big{ zrkxnkg{ hg {g

|`{xno/

I kio|poxi h` e`hnhg{ nhòxnankghg{ {io kio{nh`rghg{ zrà`ròxèòx` opo onq`c 2 h`

eghpr`}# kiei `rg c|nki zr`q`r zicg zrizng nezcnkgkno wp` xò i {`p kpezrneòxi/

@oxr` g{ hn{zi{nkno{# h`{xgkg i hikpeòxi h` {`fprnhgh`# kpo 12#0% h` eòkno{ hi{

`|z`rxi{# g{ x`c`kieponkgkno{ ,1:#>%. ` i r`|n{xri h` gkk`{i ,0


36/57


7:/7/7 Onq`c 7 h` eghpr`}

O`{x` zrne`nri onq`c h` eghpr`}# {nxg{` h` aireg h`{xgkghg kpo 6:#


37/57


@o kpgrxg zi{nkno kpo 01#0% h` eòkno{ gxzg{` g `{n|òkng rà`rnhg g wp` i

noaire` h` gphnxirg oio kiox`g { g{ h`{qngkno{ gxizghg{# {òo xgeo

r`kieòhgkno{ h` e`ccirg# kirr`{ziohòx` kig e`hnhg h` {`fprnhgh` h` gphnxirg/

G{ {`fpnox`{ e`hnhg{# kpo 08#2% h` eòkno# ago rà`ròkng { {`fpnox`{ gkxnqnhgh`{= g.

i r`|n{xri h` gkk`{i{# b. i r`{zio{gbc` h` ankl`nri h`b` `{xgbc`k`r po zrik`hèòxi

ioh` {` h`xgcc` g aireg og wp` {` qgn r`gcn}gr g nhòxnankgkno ` gpxòxnkgkno hi{

p{pgrni{ ` k. i kioxric h` gkk`{i a{nki# {nogcohi{` wp` ponkgeòx` i z`r{igc gpxirn}ghi

h`b` x`r gkk`{i { {gcg{ ioh` {` {nxgo i{ {n{xèg{ h` noairegkno# gkxnqnhgh` rà`rnhg

e`hnhg h` {`fprnhgh` h` kioxric h` gkk`{i a{nki/

Oi {`fpnox` klgo}i# {nxgo{` g{ zribg{ kio hgxi{ r`gn{ kirr`{ziohòx`{ e`hnhg h`

{`fprnhgh`# kizng{ h` gzini ` r`kpz`rgkno ` g nhòxnankgkno hi r`{zio{gbc` h`{`fprnhgh`# gebg{ g{ hg{ kpo 02#2% hg{ eòkno{/

7:/7/; Onq`c ; h` eghpr`}

@{x` x`rk`nri onq`c h` eghpr`} kiezròh` g{ e`hnhg{ h` highg gpxiegxn}gkno ip h`

e`ccirg kioxnopg g zgrxnr hi kpezrneòxi c`fgc# o`k`{grng{ {` {` zr`xòh` kio{`fpnr po

kpezrneòxi ànknòx` g ciofi zrg}i/

G e`hnhg h` {`fprnhgh` kio egnir zirkòxg|` h` eòkno# po 86#


38/57


b. `{xgbc`k`r po zrik`hèòxi h` g{nfogkno ` |`{xno h` kioxrg{nogn{# nokcpohi g

z`rnihnknhgh` kig wp` {` kgebngo# k. kiok`{no h` z`ren{i{ h` gkk`{i zgrg i{ p{pgrni{

r`gcn}ghg {igeòx` zir z`r{igc gpxirn}ghi ` h. r`{xrno|nr i gkk`{i gi cpfgr h`gcegkògeòxi hi{ {izirx`{ a{nki{# |g wp` `{x`{ zici {`p xgegi {io highi{ h`

ikpcxgr ` zihò kiox`r frgo kgoxnhgh` h` noairegkno# kirr`{zohò{` kig e`hnhg h`

{`fprnhgh` h` kioxric h` gkk`{i/

7:/2 E`ccir`{ zrkxnkg{

I zr`{òx` `{xphi# ghègn{ h` iar`k`r polg gocn{` hg {nxpgkno hg{ òxnhgh`{ zbcnkg{

cikgn{ og ghgzxgkno `{n|òkng oiregxnqg ò egx`rng h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r

z`r{igc# zrizo kiei qgcir òfghnhi po kio|poxi h` big{ zrkxnkg{ wp` zr`xòhò {`rqnr

{ zrizng{ òxnhgh`{ zgrg nonkngr ip e`ccirgr g {g ghgzxgkno c`n/

I{ `|z`rxi{ kio{nh`rgo h` frgoh` nox`r`{` ` r`c`qgokng# og ghgzxgkno ` nezcèòxgkno

hg CIZH ` i RHCIZH# xrgbgccgr ò r`cgkno kig{ {`fpnox`{ cng{ nhòxnankghg{ zir irh`

h` zrnirnhgh`=

7:/2/7 Hòh` i zpoxi h` qn{xg irfgon}gxnqi

Nezgrxnr {`{no{ h` airegkno ` kioknòkngkno gi{ apokniogrni{# z`r{igc cgbirgc `

kicgbirghir`{# {ibr` g{ e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh` og{ wp` `{xo nezcnkghi{/

Zrieiq`r g noairegkno gi{ knhgho{ ` èzr`{g{ {ibr` i xrgxgeòxi hi{ {`p{zrizni{ hgxi{# kgohi `{x`{ gkk`hò ò cng g po {`rqn}i zbcnki/

Zrieiq`r g xieg h` kioknòkng hi{ knhgho{ ` èzr`{g{ {ibr` i {`p h`r`nxi

apohgeòxgc zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ z`r{ign{/

Hn{xrnbpr i hikpeòxi h` {`fprnhgh` òxr` i{ apokniogrni{# z`r{igc cgbirgc `

kicgbirghir`{# kio |p{xnankgox` h` r`k`zkno h` cnhi ` kiezròhnhi# h` aireg

nohnqnhpgcn}ghg/

7:/2/2 Hòh` i zpoxi h` qn{xg xkonki

Agkncnxgr i `|`rknkni hi{ h`r`nxi{ hi{ nox`r`{ghi{ {ibr` i{ {`p{ hgxi{# zir

hna`ròx`{ kgoc`{ h` kieponkgkno x`cèxnkg{ ,x`caioi# ag|# z|nog v`b# kirrì

`c`kxronki. ` zr`{òkngc# `qnxgohi g `|kcp{no hn|nxgc ` kgzgknxgohi i{

apokniogrni{# z`r{igc cgbirgc ` kicgbirghir`{ zgrg nhòxnankgr ` gxòh`r g{

{icnknxph`{ kio ànknòkng/

Kioxrgxgr po {`rqn}i `|x`roi zgrg g r`gcn}gkno hg gphnxirg nox`rog `# h`{x` eihi#

fgrgoxnr g {g noh`zòhòkng ` ib|`kxnqnhgh`/

R`{pei `|`kpxnqi hi @{xphi {ibr` g {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc oi ebnxi hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{Ib{`rqgxirni hg [`fprnhgh` hg Noairegkno Z|nog;< h`06


39/57


Gpxiegxn}gr i zrik`{i h` |`{xno h` noknhòkng{# noh`zòhòxèòx` hg {g

irn|`# zgrg agkncnxgr g {g r`{icpkno/

Gpxiegxn}gr i zrik`{i h` nezcgoxgkno hg{ e`hnhg{ hi RHCIZH kpolg

a`rrgeòxg h` |`{xno wp` agkncnx` i {`fpneòxi hi zrik`{i ` zinhg |`rgr g

hikpeòxgkno r`wpnrnhg/

Kiebnogr en{ hpo exihi h` nhòxnankgkno ` gpxòxnkgkno zgrg i kioxric h`

gkk`{i gi{ ankl`nri{ h` hgxi{ z`r{ign{/

Kioxrgxgr po {`rqn}i `|x`roi zgrg g kp{xihng ` h`{xrpkno {`fprg hi{ {izirx`{

,gpxiegxn}ghi{ ip ò zgz`c. wp` kiox`go hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc/

Hg gocn{` hg{ e`ccir`{ zrkxnkg{ r`{pcxg wp` g nezcgoxgkno hgwp`cg{ r`cgknioghg{ kio

gkxnqnhgh`{ irfgon}gxnqg{ `# |g wp` cifi# h` kgrkx`r airegxnqi {io g{ en{ qgcirghg{

zici{ `|z`rxi{/ G{# e`hngox` g {g egx`rngcn}gkno kio{fp`{` g bg{` zgrg r`gcn}gr

polg nezcgoxgkno à`kxnqg hi r`{xi h` e`hnhg{ ` kpezrnr# h`{xg aireg# ki{ r`wpn{nxi{

wp` `{xgbc`k` g c`n/

7:/; @|èzci{ h` kg{i{ h` |nxi og gzcnkgkno hg{ big{ zrkxnkg{

Gogcn}ghi i kio|poxi h` big{ zrkxnkg{ wp` cc`{ {nrqgo h` a`rrgeòxg h` xrgbgcci {

òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ zgrg nonkngr ip e`ccirgr g {g ghgzxgkno c`n# h`{krbò{` gkioxnopgkno xr`{ `|èzci{ h` `|z`rnòkng{ `|nxi{g{ og gzcnkgkno hg{ h`qgohnxg{

zrkxnkg{/

@{xg{ `|z`rnòkng{ x`ò r`cgkno kig{ gkxnqnhgh`{ ip e`hnhg{ kiokr`xg{ r`fpcghg{ zicg

oiregxnqg h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc ` c`qghg{ g kgbi zir irfgon{ei{

wp`# zici {`p frgi h` kioknòkngkno ` òaiwp` zrkxnki# {`rqò kiei `|èzci h`

ghgzxgkno kpezrneòxi/

G noairegkno wp` anfprg g kioxnopgkno koxrg{` og gkxnqnhgh` `{z`kankg zicg wp` {`

wpn|i h`{xgkgr g òxnhgh` kiei kg{i h` `{xphi/ Ghègn{# h`{òqicq`p{` g zgrxnr hgnoairegkno agkncnxghg zici{ r`{zio{gbc`{ h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ z`r{ign{# oi kg{i hi{

kiok`cci{# ` ki{ hnr`kxir`{ h` r`g oi kg{i hg{ g|òkng{/

R`{pei `|`kpxnqi hi @{xphi {ibr` g {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc oi ebnxi hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{Ib{`rqgxirni hg [`fprnhgh` hg Noairegkno Z|nog;> h`06


40/57


R`{pei `|`kpxnqi hi @{xphi {ibr` g {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc oi ebnxi hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{Ib{`rqgxirni hg [`fprnhgh` hg Noairegkno Z|nog8: h`06

7:/;/7 @{xrpxprg# eih`ci h` |`{xno ` gkxpgkno{ `{z`kankg{ ò egx`rng h`

zrix`kkno h` hgxi{= i @|kei/ Kiok`cci h` [goxg Krp} h` Xò`rna`

Oi goi 2::0# nonknip{` i zrik`{i h` ghgzxgkno CIZH oi @|kei/ Kiok`cci h` [goxgKrp} h` Xò`rna`; ` airio hg{ g{ zrnirnhgh`{ og nezcèòxgkno hg{ e`hnhg{ h`

gh`kpgkno hg {xrpxprg ghenon{xrgxnqg eponknzgc=

G r`hgkkno ` gzribgkno hi hikpeòxi h` {`fprnhgh`/

Kiezc`xgr po kgxcifi h` ankl`nri{ eponknzgn{ kio hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc zgrg

g {g zi{x`rnir no{krnkno oi R`|n{xri Zbcnki hg G|òkng @{zgicg h` Zrix`kkno

h` Hgxi{/

Eih`ci h` |`{xno

Oi kiok`cci izxip{` zir po eih`ci kòxrgcn}ghi h` |`{xno# zici wp` kgcwp`rg gkxnqnhgh`

kio`|g kig egx`rng h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ {` kgogcn}g g xrgq{ hg Hnr`kkno \`rgc h`

[`fprnhgh` ` h` Zrix`kkno h` Hgxi{ kiei rfgoi hnr`kxnqi/ G{ e`{ei# xihg{ g{

h`kn{no{ g onq`c r`{icpxnqi {io ghizxghg{# h` nfpgc |`nxi# zicg hnr`kkno |`rgc/

I {`fpneòxi# egoxèòxi ` gkxpgcn}gkno hg{ e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh` nezcgoxghg{ oi

kiok`cci hnrn|nhi hòh` g hnr`kkno |`rgc# kio zcòg gpxioieg# zici wp` i onq`c h`

{pz`rqn{no h` kgrkx`r xkonki# `|kcpohi{` h`{x` ebnxi i kgrkx`r zicxnki/

Gkxpgkno{ `{z`kankg{ ò egx`rng h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc

Po hi{ zngr`{ oi{ wp` {` apohgeòxg g ànkgkng hg{ e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh` nezcgoxghg{

rghnkg og hnap{no ` airegkno nezgrxnhg zicg hnr`kkno |`rgc gox`{ eòknioghg/ G{#

kiei {nogcg i hnr`kxir h` [`fprnhgh` ` Zrix`kkno h` Hgxi{ hi kiok`cci= "G airegkno

apohgeòxgc zirwp` {io i{ zrizni{ apokniogrni{ i{ q`rhgh`nri{ p{pgrni{ wp` zrik`hò

gi xrgxgeòxi hi{ hgxi{"/

I Zcgo Eponknzgc h` Airegkno nokc`# xihi{ i{ goi{# po Kpr{i h` Zrix`kkno h` Hgxi{/G{ gkkno{ h` hnap{no r`gcn}ghg{ nokcò g `hnkno hpo hzxnki= "Zrix`|` i{ x`p{ hgxi{"#

g{ kiei noairegkno hn{zinbc` og z|nog v`b `|x`rog hi kiok`cci ` og Noxrgo`x

kirzirgxnqg/

H` nfpgc |`nxi# qnrio{` r`gcn}gohi òxr` |go`nri h` 2::6 ` 2::< qgrng{ |iroghg{ h`

hnap{no gi knhgho# kig nox`rqòkno h` hnq`r{i{ r`cgxir`{ `{z`kngcn}ghi{ ò egx`rng h`

zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc/

; En{ noairegkno hn{zinbc` ò= lxxz=))vvv/{kxa`/`{)
http://www.sctfe.es/http://www.sctfe.es/http://www.sctfe.es/


41/57



@o r`cgkno ki oiqi R`fpcgeòxi h` h`{òqicqèòxi hg CIZH# i 7< h` gbrnc

gzribip{` polg oiqg q`r{no hi hikpeòxi h` {`fprnhgh` kp|g r`hgkkno {` ghgzxg {

oiqg{ nohnkgkno{ hi r`fpcgeòxi/ I Zcòi eponknzgc gzribip# ò {`{no irhnogrng hi 71h` egni h` 2:: h` gbrnc# hg G|òkng Kgxgc h` Zrix`kkno h` Hgxi{ zicg wp` ain kr`ghg/

G {g gkxpgkno h` kgrkx`r ènoòxèòx` zr`qòxnqi/ Xò kiei ib|`kxnqi r`qn{gr g

{nxpgkno h` kpezrneòxi ` r`kieòhgr g{ gkkno{ o`k`{grng{ zgrg g gh`kpgkno

CIZH# {`fpohi i xrgxgeòxi h` hgxi{ z`r{ign{ wp` r`gcnk` g òxnhgh` gphnxghg/

I{ cgbir`{ h` gphnxirg nonknrio{` ib`h`kòhi o`k`{nhgh` h` cc`{ hgr po egnir gzini

{ òxnhgh`{ bgn|i kioxric hg g|òkng `# `{z`kngceòx`# kig noxòkno h` ghngoxgr{` gi{

zi{nbc`{ noknhòx`{ h`rnqghi{ hi nokpezrneòxi hg{ oireg{/

8 En{ noairegkno hn{zinbc` ò= vvv/gzhkgx/o`x
http://www.apdcat.net/http://www.apdcat.net/http://www.apdcat.net/


42/57



Oiqg{ nonkngxnqg{

O`{x`{ eieòxi{# g g|òkng xò i kiezrien{i h` aikgcn}gr og zr`qòkno h` aireg

à`kxnqg ` ànkg}/ Zgrg n{i# `{x g h`{`gr hg{ apxprg{ gkkno{=

Nezcgoxgkno h` gqgcngkno{ h` nezgkxi h` zrnqgknhgh` ,Zrnqgk~ Nezgkx

G{{`{{eòx.= polg e`xihici|g kio{n{xòx` og qgcirgkno hi{ xnzi{ h` nezgkxi

wp` i{ oiqi{ zri|`kxi{ hpolg òxnhgh` qgngo ikg{niogr {ibr` g zrnqgknhgh` hi{

knhgho{# zgrg zih`r g{ enonen}gci{ og e`hnhg hi zi{nbc`/

Bp{kg h` e`ccir`{ eih`ci{ irfgon}gxnqi{ og{ òxnhgh`{ wp` {`|go kgzgk`{ h` cc`

hgr r`{zi{xg zribcèxnkg hg |`{xno hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc/ Kio `{xg

gkkno# zr`xoh`{` zrieiq`r g anfprg hi òkgrfghi ip r`{zio{gbc` h` zrix`kknoh` hgxi{ ò kghg irfgon}gkno# i wp` {` ki`k` oi epohi gofci{g|o kiei i{

"Hgxg Zrix`kxnio Iaank`r"/

7:/;/; Kio{pcxirg= g [pbhnr`kkno \ rgc h` R`|n{xri h` Ankl`nri{ ` Kio{pcxirg hg

G|òkng h` Zrix`kkno h` Hgxi{ hg Kieponhgh` h` Eghrnh

G G|òkng h` Zrix`kkno h` Hgxi{ hg Kieponhgh` h` Eghrnh 0 ,GZHKE. xò kiei

anogcnhgh` fgrgoxnr ` zrix`|`r i{ h`r`nxi{ apohgeòxgn{ hg{ z`r{ig{ a{nkg{ r`{z`kxi hg

liorg ` noxnenhgh` agencngr ` z`r{igc# oi r`cgxnqi gi xrgxgeòxi hi{ {`p{ hgxi{ z`r{ign{/

G{ {g{ kiez`xòkng{ q`r{go {ibr` i{ ankl`nri{ h` xnxpcgrnhgh` zbcnkg kr`ghi{ ip

|`{xnioghi{ zicg Kieponhgh` Gpxoieg h` Eghrnh# i{ òx`{ wp` nox`frgo g

Ghenon{xrgkno cikgc hi {`p ebnxi x`rrnxirngc# g{ ponq`r{nhgh`{ zbcnkg{ ` g{ kirzirgkno{

h` h`r`nxi zbcnki r`zr`{òxgxnqg{ h` nox`r`{`{ `kioenki{ ` zria`{niogn{ hg

kieponhgh`/

Kiei kg{i h` |nxi# h`{òqcq`{` i cgbir h` kio{pcxirg wp` r`gcn}g g [pbhnr`kkno

\`rgc h` R`|n{xri h` Ankl`nri{ ` Kio{pcxirg òkgrfghg hi r`|n{xri hi{ ankl`nri{ h` hgxi{

h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc h` xnxpcgrnhgh` zbcnkg hg Kieponhgh` h` Eghrnh ` r`gcn}g xgeo

cgbir`{ h` kio{pcxirg g{`{irgeòxi zgrg r`{zio{gbc`{ hi{ ankl`nri{/

G eixnqgkno h`{x` cgbir h` kio{pcxirg zgrx` hi{ zrizni{ `{xgxpxi{ hg GZHKE# z`ri

bg{g{` oi kioqòkèòxi h` wp` `{x` cgbir b{nki zgrg kio{`fpnr i{ {`p{

ib|`kxnqi{/ Zir `{x` eixnqi# ` ò r`cgkno kig{ òxnhgh`{ zbcnkg{ cikgn{# g GZHKE

z|i{` ò kioxgkxi ki{ 76> eponknzni{# egokieponhgh`{ ` irfgon{ei{ gpxoiei{ hg

Kieponhgh` h` Eghrnh zgrg iar`k`rcc`{ g {g g|phg/

0 En{ noairegkno hn{zinbc` ò= vvv/eghrnh/irf)gzhke
http://www.madrid.org/apdcmhttp://www.madrid.org/apdcmhttp://www.madrid.org/apdcm


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I ib|`kxnqi nonkngc hi{ cgbir`{ h` kio{pcxirg ain kio{`fpnr wp` i 7::% hi{ eponknzni{

xnq`{ò i{ {`p{ ankl`nri{ no{krnxi{/ Oio { nezirxgox` i oe`ri h` ankl`nri{ no{krnxi{#

{òo g kgcnhgh` hg no{krnkno4 hnknr# wp` {` no{krnbn{ò xihi{ h` aireg kirr`kxg/

I cgbir h` kio{pcxirg zrizirkniog g|phg ò xihi{ i{ kgezi{ hg CIZH ` i RHCIZH#

xgoxi ò e`hnhg{ h` kgrkx`r irfgon}gxnqi kiei |prhnki ` e`{ei h` zrik`hèòxi zgrg

g{ e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh` h` kgrkx`r en{ xkonki/

Oio {` r`qn{g xihi i r`fpcgeòxi ò kghg òxnhgh`# {òo wp` {` agn anokgz og zgrx` h`

kghg polg wp` {` h`x`renog kiei en{ hbnc ip o`k`{nxghg/ G r`qn{no kiezc`xg zh`{`

c`qgr g kgbi g xrgq{ hg No{z`kkno# wp` {èzr` zih` gkxpgr h` iankni# ` {icnknxgrcc` g

kgcwp`rg òxnhgh` g r`gcn}gkno hpolg kiezc`xg r`qn{no hg {g {nxpgkno/

Polg zrìkpzgkno nezirxgox` zir zgrx` hi{ kio{pcxir`{ hg GZHKE i hikpeòxi h`

{`fprnhgh`/ Oio { zir {`r i rà`ròx` oiregxnqi zgrg xihi{ i{ xrgbgccghir`{ hg

òxnhgh`# {òo xgeo zir {`r i hikpeòxi wp` h`{krnb` g {nxpgkno gkxpgc hg òxnhgh`

kio r`{z`kxi CIZH/ H`{xg aireg# fgrox`{` polg kioxnopnhgh` h` zicxnkg{ `

zrik`hèòxi{ gox`# zir `|èzci# po kgebni h` fib`roi opo kiok`cci/ I `wpnzi |`{xir

òxrgox` zih` kioxnopgr i cgbir g zgrxnr hpo hikpeòxi h` {`fprnhgh` zr`kn{i `

gkxpgcn}ghi/

@o r`cgkno kig{ e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh` h` kgrkx`r en{ xkonki# i{ kio{pcxir`{# zgrg

fgrgoxnr i frgi h` xixgc noh`zòhòkng hg GZHKE# oio zihò r`gcn}gr onofpolg

r`kieòhgkno hgcfo xnzi h` x`koici|g# a`rrgeòxg ip gzcnkgkno kie`rkngc kiokr`xg/

Zicg e`{eg rg}o# xgezipki {` r`kieòhg onofpolg èzr`{g `|x`rog wp` zinhg

r`gcn}gr g kio{pcxirg h` ghgzxgkno CIZH/

G GZHKE xò hn{zi{nkno hg{ òxnhgh`{ zbcnkg{ cikgn{ hg{ a`rrgeòxg{ zgrg agkncnxgr

g ghgzxgkno CIZH=

H@ZH= gzcnkgkno zgrg i `|`rknkni x`cèxnki hi{ h`r`nxi{ h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{/

@{x nezcgoxghg og Ghenon{xrgkno r`|niogc hg Kieponhgh` h` Eghrnh/

KPEZC@= [n{xèg h` G|phg gi R`{zio{gbc` h` Ankl`nri{ h` Xnxpcgrnhgh` Zbcnkg

zgrg i kpezrneòxi hg{ {g{ ibrnfg{ ò egx`rng h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{/



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7:/;/8 @{xrpxprg# eih`ci h` |`{xno ` gkxpgkno{ `{z`kankg{ ò egx`rng h`

zrix`kkno h` hgxi{= i No{xnxpxi Eponknzgc h` Noairexnkg hi @|kei/ Kiok`cci h`

Bgrk`ciogI No{xnxpxi Eponknzgc h` Noairexnkg ,ò hngox`# NEN. hi @|kei/ Kiok`cci h` Bgrk`ciog 1

po irfgon{ei gpxoiei cikgc# kp|i ib|`kxnqi |`{xniogr ànkg}eòx` xihi{ gwp`c`{

g{z`kxi{ r`cgknioghi{ kig noairexnkg nox`rog hi Kiok`cci h` Bgrk`ciog ` ipxri{ òx`{

zbcnki{ h` {`rqn}i gi knhgho# kiei g Zicnkg cikgc ip i [`rqn}i h` Bieb`nri{/ Hcc`{

{`rqn}i g en{ h` 1/0:: p{pgrni{ òxr` apokniogrni{ ` èzr`fghi{ h` {`rqn}i{ zbcnki{

ò en{ h` ;:: `hnankni{/

lirg h` gh`kpgr{` CIZH# g zrnirnhgh` zrnoknzgc kio{n{xnp og kr`gkno hg Kien{no

Xkonkg h` [`fprnhgh` ò Zrix`kkno h` Hgxi{ h` Kgrkx`r Z`r{igc hi Kiok`cci h`

Bgrk`ciog6# klgeghg K[ZH# kig{ {`fpnox`{ apokno{=

@{xgbc`k`r g{ hnr`kxrnk`{ |`rgn{ ò egx`rng h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ z`r{ign{ oi

kio|poxi hg irfgon}gkno eponknzgc/

@{xgbc`k`r krnx`rni{ h` gzcnkgkno hg oiregxnqg r`fpcghirg h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{

z`r{ign{/

Gpxirn}gr g zpbcnkgkno# og noxrgo`x eponknzgc h` big{ zrkxnkg{# h`

zrik`hèòxi{ nox`roi{ ip ipxri{ hikpeòxi{ h` nox`r`{` ò egx`rng h`zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ z`r{ign{/

Gpxirn}gr i{ zcgo{ h` airegkno eponknzgc ò egx`rng h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{

z`r{ign{/

G |`{xno hngrng h` xihi i r`cgknioghi kig CIZH r`gc}g{` oi NEN# oio ib{xgox` g |`{xno

h` noknhòkng{ r`qn{ghg {ègogceòx` zicg [pbhnr`kkno h` Noairegkno h` Bg{` `

zici r`{zio{gbc` h` {`fprnhgh` x`koic|nkg hi NEN/

R`gc}go{` xr`{ xnzi{ h` kioxric ` r`qn{no |`rgn{=

Gphnxirg{ bnògn{ `{n|nhg{ zicg oiregxnqg/

Gphnxirg{ nox`rgopgn{ nox`rog{ g kgrfi hg [pbhnr`kkno h` Noairegkno h` Bg{`/

Kioxric nox`roi z`regoòx` zgrg {pz`rqn{gr ` kioxricgr i kpezrneòxi hg CIZH/

1 En{ noairegkno hn{zinbc` ò= lxxz=))vvv/bko/`{)6 Kien{no kr`ghg e`hngox` H`kr`xi hg Gckgchg 27)6)2::1/
http://www.bcn.es/http://www.bcn.es/http://www.bcn.es/


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I NEN hn{zo h` a`rrge`oxg{ zgrkngn{ h` |`{xno h`{`oqicqnhg{ h` aireg nox`rog/ I

zr|nei zg{i {`r g nox`rkio`|no ki{ gzcnkgxnqi{ ` i{ acp|i{ h` xrgbgcci


46/57



77 KIOKCP[NO[ HI @[XPHI

Cifi h` gogcn}ghg g {nxpgkno gkxpgc hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ `{zgicg{ r`{z`kxi hi onq`c h`ghizkno hg oiregxnqg h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ z`r{ign{# ib{rqg{` wp` g onq`c fcibgc i

2 ioh`#

bg{òhi{` oi{ hgxi{# i onq`c h` ki`kèòxi ` ghizkno hg oiregxnqg {ibr`

zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ oio r`{pcxgbg `{z`kngceòx` zi{nxnqi po 78% hg zè` h`kcgrg

ki`k`r i RHCIZH ` { po 71% hg{ zè`{ zgrxnknzgox`{ oi `{xphi xngo i{ {`p{ankl`nri{ h`kcgrghi{ gox` g G@ZH# zh`{` kiokcpr wp` i zi{nkniogeòxi hg{

òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ r`{z`kxi hg zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc {` gxizg opo

egnir onq`c h` eghpr`} wp` i x`knhi èzr`{grngc `{zgic/

Oio ib{xgox`# i onq`c h` ki`kèòxi zir `{xrgxi ei{xrg nezirxgox`{ hna`rò}g{/ G{#

g zirkòxg|` h` kiok`cci{ h` frgoh`{ eponknzni{ hpo 61%# ariox` gi 8


47/57


G kiezc`|nhgh` xkonki|prhnkg wp`# ogcfo{ kg{i{# kieg oi{ kiok`cci{ h`

eòir xgegi# nezcnkg kiok`zxi{ zrik`{i{ ki{ wp` oio `{xo agencngrn}ghi{/

G o`k`{nhgh` h` hikpeòxgr g{ e`hnhg{# oireg{# zrik`hèòxi{# r`frg{ `

`{xohgr`{ h` {`fprnhgh` o`k`{grni{ zgrg fgrgoxnr i onq`c h` {`fprnhgh`

`{xgbc`knhi{ og oireg/

I kp{xi irfgon}gkniogc# hghi wp` nox`rogeòx` `{n|` no{xgprgr ip eihnankgr ric`{#

r`{zio{gbncnhgh`{ ` zrik`hèòxi{/

G xihi{ `c`{ g{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ |g cc`{ `{xo g agk`r ariox`/ G{# po 81#7% hi{

kiok`cci{ ` po 01#


48/57


ei{xrg wp` eòxr`{ i oe`ri h` irfgon{ei{ hi{ frgoh`{ ` e`hngoi{ eponknzni{

`c`qghi ,po >2#0% ` po 16#>%# r`{z`kxnqgeòx`.# i ;6#2% hi{ h` eòir xgegi r`gcn}ip

g no{krnkno hi{ ankl`nri{/ Oi kg{i hg{ h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{# po% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` po

00#1% hg{ h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{/ I kpezrneòxi g onq`c h`

`{xrgxi{ h{` ò frgo zgrx` h`c`{ ` qgrg òxr` po 67#7%# po 0;#7% ` po 88% hi{

kiok`cci{ h` frgoh`{# e`hngoi{ ` z`wpòi{ eponknzni{# r`{z`kxnqgeòx`/

Kioanhòkngcnhgh` hi{ hgxi{= polg e`hnhg bg{xgox` `{xòhnhg g onq`c fcibgc

òxr` i{ kiok`cci{ ` g{ h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{# ioh` opo

2% ` opo 88#8% cc`ci ipxirfgo gi{ {`p{ nox`r`{ghi{/ Zir `{xrgxi# g {nxpgkno

oio hnanr` hg hi r`{xi h` e`hnhg{# hghi wp` i 22#8% hi{ kiok`cci{ hi{ z`wpòi{

eponknzni{ g c`qgo g kgbi# ariox` g po 61#7% hi{ h` frgoh`{ eponknzni{ ` g po

8;#7% hi{ irfgon{ei{ hi{ e`hngoi{ eponknzni{/

\poxi c`|nxnegkno# po hi{ zpoxi{ kcgq` hg CIZH qo kio{xnxphi zici zrik`hèòxi

h` `|`rknkni hi{ h`r`nxi{ h` gkk`{i# r`kxnankgkno# kgok`cgkno ` izi{nkno

,ki`knhi{ kiei h`r`nxi{ GRKI.# r`ki`knhi{ gi{ xnxpcgr`{ hi{ hgxi{/ @{xg zrkxnkg

r`gcn}ghg# g onq`c fcibgc# zici 8>#8% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` i 02#% ` 0


49/57


Ipxri `cèòxi kcgq` og |`{xno hg oiregxnqg h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ z`r{ign{ og{

òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ i hikpeòxi h` {`fprnhgh`# kp|g `|n{xòkng ibrnfgxirng/ Oio

ib{xgox`# kiei gox`{ {` eòknioip# oio `|n{x` g onq`c fcibgc ò xihg{ g{ òxnhgh`{zgrxnknzgox`{ oi `{xphi/ Ghègn{# ` kio r`{z`kxi gi zrizni hikpeòxi# oio polg

zrkxnkg kieo òxr` g{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ g hànonkno hi gckgok` oi hikpeòxi h`

{`fprnhgh`# hghi wp` g onq`c fcibgc i r`gcn}grio i ;0#;% hi{ kiok`cci{ ` i 0 h`06


50/57


X`c`kieponkgkno{= i knarghi h` hgxi{ z`r{ign{ og{ xrgo{en{no{ g xrgq{ h`

r`h`{ h` kieponkgkno{ ei{xrg wp` i r`gcn}g# g onq`c fcibgc# i 81#


51/57


{`p{ zrik`{i{# h`b` {nxpgr{`# ò zrne`nri cpfgr# oi kiox`|xi en{ gezci hi nezpc{i

Ghenon{xrgkno `c`kxronkg wp` {pzo i òire` r`xi h` nezcgoxgr g C`n 77)2::6# hi 22 h`

|pi# h` gkk`{i `c`kxronki hi{ knhgho{ gi{ {`rqn}i{ zbcnki{ `# ò {`fpohi cpfgr#polg gkxpgkno kiirhnoghg ` h`knhnhg h` xihg{ g{ ghenon{xrgkno{ ` g|òkng{ wp`

h`b`ro gkxpgr kiei g|òx`{ ` agkncnxghirg{ hg{ òxnhgh`{ en{ z`wpòg{/



52/57



72 ZRIZI[XG[ @ R@KIE@OHGKNO[ HNRN\NHG[ GI[

ZIH@R@[ ZBCNKI[

@{x` kgzxpci r`kicc` g{ zrizi{xg{ ` r`kieòhgkno{ {nogcghg{ zici{ `|z`rxi{

kio{pcxghi{ bg{òhi{` og {g `|z`rnòkng# g{ kiei g{ `|xrghg{ hg{ kiokcp{no{ hi

`{xphi# nhòxnankghg{ kiei |`rghirg{ h` qgcir og ghizkno ` nezcgoxgkno hg oiregxnqg

ò egx`rng h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ zir zgrx` hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{/

@{xg{ r`kieòhgkno{ h`bò x`r g kio{nh`rgkno h` gkkno{ h` irnòxgkno oi h`{ì h`

zrifrgeg{ h` e`ccirg zgrg g ghgzxgkno ` nezcèòxgkno hg{ e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh`

`{xgbc`knhg{ og CIZH ` oi RHCIZH wp` lgo c`qgr g kgbi xgoxi g{ zrizng{ òxnhgh`{

zbcnkg{ cikgn{ kieg i r`{xi h` gkxir`{ wp` nox`rq`ò oi{ zrik`{i{ h` gqgcngkno# ghànonkno ` nezcgoxgkno hg{ h`qgohnxg{ e`hnhg{ oi ebnxi hg zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ h`

kgrkx`r z`r{igc/

@o zgrxnkpcgr# h`{krbò{` gwp`cg{ nonkngxnqg{ wp` zihò kioxrnbpr `|zgo{no hg{

e`ccir`{ zrkxnkg{ zrizi{xg{ zici{ `|z`rxi{ ` r`{pcxgox`{ hg{ kiokcp{no{ hi noaire`#

kp|i frgi h` nezcgoxgkno zicg{ ghenon{xrgkno{ cikgn{ {` `qnhòknip g zgrxnr hi{

r`{pcxghi{ hg owpn{g r`gcn}ghg/

G{ r`kieòhgkno{ `cgbirrio{` g zgrxnr hg zrèn{g h` zrifr`{nqnhgh` h` onq`n{ h`

eghpr`}# ki ib|`kxi h` cc`{ g|phgr { ghenon{xrgkno{ zbcnkg{ g egrkgr g{ zrnirnhgh`{#

g{nfogr i{ r`kpr{i{ ` aikgcn}gr i{ r`{pcxghi{ zgrg ibx`r g e`ccir r`cgkno kp{xibòànkni

wp` `{n|` xihg |`{xno h` zrifrgeg{ h` anogokngeòxi zbcnki/

72/7 Zrizi{xg{ ` r`kieòhgkno{ ò egx rng h` kioknòkngkno ` airegkno

R`gcn}gkno h` zrifrgeg{ h` kioknòkngkno# hnap{no# hnqpcfgkno ` kieponkgkno

hi oiqi RHCIZH

G nezcgoxgkno à`kxnqg hpolg kpcxprg h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ h`b` kioxgr kio gkkno{ h`

kioknòkngkno# hnap{no# hnqpcfgkno ` kieponkgkno/

O`{xg cng# g G@ZH zpbcnkip hn{xnoxg{ fpg{# hn{zinbc`{ g xrgq{ hg v`b vvv/gfzh/`{# `

irfgon}ip {ènogrni{ ` {`{no{ gb`rxg{/ Hi e`{ei eihi# NOX@KI `cgbirip g Fpg zgrg

òxnhgh`{ cikgn{= kiei ghgzxgr{` oiregxnqg {ibr` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{7: wp` zr`xòh`

gkl`fgrcc`{ { òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ i kioxnhi hg oiregxnqg ò egx`rng h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{

h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc# zgrg `{xgbc`k`r i{ zrnoknzgn{ ib|`kxnqi{# h`{xnogxgrni{ ` zrik`{i{ h`

ghgzxgkno CIZH ` gi {`p oiqi RHCIZH/

7: Nox`ki/ Hn{zinbc` ò=lxxz=))vvv/nox`ki/`{)[`fprnhgh)Ib{`rqgxirni)@{xphni{Y`YNoaire`{)@{xphni{Y`YNoaire`{Y7)FpngYCIZHY@@CC
http://www.agpd.es/http://www.inteco.es/Seguridad/Observatorio/Estudios_e_Informes/Estudios_e_Informes_1/Guia_LOPD_EELLhttp://www.inteco.es/Seguridad/Observatorio/Estudios_e_Informes/Estudios_e_Informes_1/Guia_LOPD_EELLhttp://www.agpd.es/


53/57



Ghègn{# g `|n{xòkng hg{ h`qgohnxg{ gkkno{ h`b` z`renxnr gpeòxgr i frgi h`

ki`kèòxi h` apokniogrni{# cgbirgn{ ` kicgbirghir`{ ò egx`rng h` {`fprnhgh` hi{

hgxi{ ` hg{ e`hnhg{ `{n|nhg{ zgrg i{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc# zici wp` ih`{zr`fgeòxi h` nonkngxnqg h`b` hgr{` xgoxi oi ebnxi `{xgxgc kieg og{ kieponhgh`{

gpxoieg{/

Kpr{i{ h` airegkno ` x`càiregkno ghgzxghi{ { o`k`{nhgh`{ ` zgrxnkpcgrnhgh`{

hi{ èzr`fghi{ hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{

G hn{z`r{no |ìfrankg hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ ` i `c`qghi oe`ri h` p{pgrni{ zixòkngn{

gkio{`ccg g pxncn}gkno hg x`càiregkno hg airegkno h` aireghir`{/

@{x`{ kpr{i{ h`b`rgo kio{nh`rgr hna`ròx`{ onq`n{ h` eghpr`} ` kiez`xòkng{# g {gb`r=nokiezc`xi# kpezrneòxi ` e`ccirg kioxnopg4 ` b{nki# nox`re`hni ` gqgo}ghi#

r`{z`kxnqgeòx`# h` gkirhi kig{ r`{zio{gbncnhgh`{ g{penhg{ zici{ apokniogrni{# z`r{igc

cgbirgc ` kicgbirghir`{ hg Ghenon{xrgkno cikgc4 hnknr= r`{zio{gbc` hi ankl`nri#

r`{zio{gbc` h` {`fprnhgh`# xkonki noairexnki p{pgrni/

lirg h` irfgon}gr `{x` xnzi h` airegkno# lg{` h` zrnegr g irnòxgkno zrkxnkg ` g

zi{nbncnhgh` h` r`gcn}gr gkkno{ kioxnopghg{ wp` cc`{ z`renxgo g gwp`c`{ p{pgrni{ wp` |g

{io ki`k`hir`{ hg oiregxnqg g gkxpgcn}gkno hi{ {`p{ kiok`zxi{ ` oikno{/

kioqònòx`# zir ipxri cghi# wp` i r`ki`kèòxi hg{ gkkno{ airegxnqg{ {` r`gcnk`zici{ irfgon{ei{ iankngn{ z`rxnoòx`{ ,G|òkng{ h` Zrix`kkno h` Hgxi{# No{xnxpxi

Ogkniogc h` Ghenon{xrgkno Zbcnkg77 NOGZ# `xk/.# ki wp` {` kioxrnbpnrg g nokrèòxgr

g z`rk`zkno hg {g nezirxgokng ` g o`k`{nhgh` zir zgrx` h` xihi{ i{ p{pgrni{/

G{# i{ kpr{i{ h`b`ro x`r po kprrkpci lieicifghg zicg{ G|òkng{ h` Zrix`kkno h`

Hgxi{ ` i{ irfgon{ei{ iankngn{ kiez`xòx`{ ,NOGZ# KKGG. ` nezgrxnr{` og{ hna`ròx`{

cnofpg{ kiiankngn{ hi @{xghi/

Zir cxnei# hb`{` zrnegr g kr`gkno hpolg r`h` h` gcxg kgzncgrnhgh` h` xnxir`{ `no{xrpxir`{ zgrg i gzini { gkkno{ airegxnqg{ qnrxpgn{ ` zr`{òkngn{# hghi wp` g {g

zr`{ò}g {`r h`kn{nqg zgrg i |nxi h`{xg gkxpgkno/

72/2 Zrizi{xg{ ` r kieòhgkno{ o egx`rng h` hngfo{xnki ` noairegkno

Hngfo{xnki z`rnhnki hi `{xghi hg {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r z`r{igc og{

ghenon{xrgkno{ cikgn{

G r`gcn}gkno hpo hngfo{xnki {ibr` i `{xghi hg {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ h` kgrkx`r

z`r{igc og{ ghenon{xrgkno{ cikgn{ lg h` z`renxnrcc`{ g `{xg{ xiegr g{ e`hnhg{ izirxpog{

77 En{ noairegkno hn{zinbc` ò= vvv/nogz/egz/`{
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h` kgrg g kio{`fpnr i en{ gcxi frgi h` ghgzxgkno ` nezcèòxgkno hg{ hn{zi{nkno{

oiregxnqg{ ò egx`rng h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{/

G{ h`qgohnxg{ gkkno{ h`b`rgo `{xòh`r{` xgeo { z|nog{ v`b hg{ òxnhgh`{# ki

ib|`kxnqi h` `qnxgr wp`# zir `|èzci# g{ cn{xg|`{ kio hgxi{ z`r{ign{ {` kio{xnxgo opolg

aiox` h` hgxi{ zbcnkg/

@cgbirgkno hpo {n{xèg h` e`hnkno ` {`fpneòxi h` nohnkghir`{ {ibr` i `{xghi

h` {`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{

@{xg gkkno z`renxnrg `cgbirgr `{xgx{xnkg{ ` hixgr h` noairegkno kpgoxnxgxnqg g{

òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ zgrg zih`r hneò{niogr g {nxpgkno r`gc hg {`fprnhgh`/ G{# zih`rgo{`

xiegr h`kn{no{ h` aireg fcibgc {ibr` i frgi h` nezcgoxgkno ` gh`kpgkno oiregxnqgqn|òx`/

72/; Zrizi{xg{ ` r kieòhgkno{ o egx`rng h` anogokngeòxi

Gzini ir}geòxgrni hnr`kxi

G{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ {io gkxir`{ kcgq`{ zgrg cifrgr i gkk`{i `c`kxronki hi{ knhgho{ gi{

{`rqn}i{ zbcnki{# i wp` nezcnkg po xrgxgeòxi rnfiri{i ò r`cgkno kig zrnqgknhgh` ` g

{`fprnhgh` hi{ hgxi{ wp` {icnknxgo `)ip xrgxgo zgrg g{`fprgr i |nxi h`{xg nonkngxnqg

c`|n{cgxnqg/

@o {nxpgkno{ h` no{panknòkng anogok`nrg hg{ òxnhgh`{ wp` zinhgo r`z`rkpxnr og

g{nfogkno h` r`kpr{i{ `{z`kanki{ zgrg i ebnxi h` gkxpgkno ` kiez`xòkng ò egx`rng

h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{# gwp`cg{ h`b`ro q`r{` gzinghg{ kio g|phg{ ` {pbqòkno{

hnr`kxg{ h` kgrkx`r anogcn{xg zgrg g ghgzxgkno kioxnog ò zrix`kkno h` hgxi{/

Gzini ir}geòxgrni nohnr`kxi

G gp{òkng h` z`r{igc oi {ì hg{ òxnhgh`{ wp` zinhgo h`{òqicq`r g ghgzxgkno

oiregxnqg oio h`b` {`r i |p{xnankgox` hi gxrg{i/ Zir `{x` eixnqi# i{ zrizni{ irfgon{ei{lgo h` zih`r gkk`h`r g kpr{i{ h` airegkno ip kgezgg{ h` hnap{no wp`

kiezcèòxò i{ r`kpr{i{ zrizni{ hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{/

Ipxrg zi{nbncnhgh` `{x og kr`gkno h` frpzi{ h` xrgbgcci òxr` g{ òxnhgh`{ zgrg g zi{xg

ò kieo hg{ {g{ zribcèxnkg{ ip i `{xgbc`kèòxi h` kioqòni{ h` kicgbirgkno

kig{ G|òkng{ h` Zrix`kkno h` Hgxi{/

72/8 Zrizi{xg{ ` r`kieòhgkno{ ò egx rng h` oiregcn}gkno ` k`rxnankgkno

Nhòxnankgkno ` gpxòxnkgkno e`hngox` {nogxprg hn|nxgc



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G nezcgoxgkno ` pxncn}gkno |ò`rgcn}ghg hg {nogxprg hn|nxgc ` i{ {`p{ k`rxnankghi{ h`

gxrnbpxi{ kiei {n{xèg h` nhòxnankgkno ` gpxòxnkgkno {`fprg i e`hni nhoì zgrg i

kioxric ` g q`rnankgkno zici r`{zio{gbc` hi ankl`nri hi{ gkk`{i{ hi{ p{pgrni{ gi{ hgxi{z`r{ign{ og{ oxnhgh`{/

K`rxnankgkno hg {`fprnhgh` hg noairegkno ` kioango}g hn|nxgc

G nezcgoxgkno à`kxnqg ` g gkr`hnxgkno hg{ e`ccir`{ zrkxnkg{ nhòxnankghg{ h`

{`fprnhgh` hg noairegkno# kiei `qnhòkng nox`rog ` ariox` g x`rk`nri{# {`fpnohi i{

`{wpèg{ h` k`rxnankgkno nox`rogkniogc kiei i N[I N@K 26::7 ` 26::272# kioxrnbpnr

nezcgoxgkno h` kioxrin{ h` kpezrneòxi oiregxnqi# ò |`rgc# ` h` zrix`kkno h` hgxi{#

ò zgrxnkpcgr# g{ kiei { gphnxirg{ ` { r`qn{no{ zi{x`rnir`{/

72/0 Zrizi{xg{ ` r`kieòhgkno{ ò egx rng h` zrieikno ` nokòxnqgkno hi{

onq`n{ h` eghpr`} ` big{ zrkxnkg{

Kr`gkno hgcfo xnzi h` òxnhgh` h` g|phg ` {izirx` zgrg agqir`k`r g nezcgoxgkno

hg oiregxnqg

@{xg zrizi{xg kio{nhrg{` `{z`kngceòx` nohnkghg zgrg g{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{ h` r`hpknhi

xgegi zicg{ hnankpcxgh`{ òfghnhg{ zi{xg{ h` egona`{xi gi ciofi hi `{xphi/

G oiqg òxnhgh` zih`rg airegcn}gr{` g xrgq{# zir `|èzci# hg A@EZ ` agkncnxgrg gghgzxgkno oireg oi{ kiok`cci{ ` og{ h`zpxgkno{# kio{`cci{ ` kgbnhi{ no{pcgr`{/ @{x`

cgbir c`qgrgi g kgbi e`hngox` g nhòxnankgkno hi{ onq`n{ h` eghpr`} ` big{ zrkxnkg{#

zir xgegi h` `{xrgxi ip# zir `|èzci# og kio{xnxpkno h` `wpnzi{ h` xrgbgcci zgrg i

kio|poxi h` òxnhgh`{/

Ghègn{# `{xg oiqg òxnhgh` zih`rg {`rqnr kiei o`|i òxr` i{ r`{zio{gbc`{ h`

zrix`kkno h` hgxi{ hg{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{# zgrg=

Hn{zi`r hpo airi kieo ioh` airepcgr zribcèg{# hbnhg{ ip z`xnkno{ wp`

|irhò lirg h` nezcgoxgr g{ e`hnhg{ h` {`fprnhgh` `{n|nhg{ zicg oiregxnqg/

R`gcn}gr kioqòni{ kio òxnhgh`{ wp` zinhgo fgrgoxnr i gkk`{i {`fpri gi{ hgxi{#

iar`kòhi ghègn{ po {`rqn}i h` |`{xno gpxiegxn}ghg hg{ noknhòkng{/

Gzini og ghgzxgkno ` nezcèòxgkno hg{ hn{zi{nkno{ hi oiqi r`fpcgeòxi

72 N[I)N@K 26::7 i `{xohgr zgrg g {`fprnhgh` hg noairegkno/ @{z`knankg i{ r`wpn{nxi{ o`k`{grni{ zgrg `{xgbc`k`r#

nezcgoxgr# egox`r ` e`ccirgr po {n{xèg h` |`{xno hg {`fprnhgh` hg noairegkno og{ irfgon}gkno{/ N[I 26::2zrizirkniog r`kieòhgkno{ hg{ e`ccir`{ zrkxnkg{ og |`{xno hg {`fprnhgh` hg noairegkno# hnqnhnhi ò iok` {`kkno{ `zir kghg polg h`cg{ `{z`knakgo{` i{ ib|`kxnqi{ hi{ hn{xnoxi{ kioxrin{/ @o xixgc# 7;; kioxrin{ wp` kghg irfgon}gkno h`b`kio{nh`rgr {`fpohi g{ {g{ zrizng{ o`k`{nhgh`{/


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H`bnhi gi frgo qicpe` h` grwpnqi{ h` wp` hn{ziò g{ òxnhgh`{ cikgn{# `{x` gzini agn{`

`{z`kngceòx` o`k`{grni zgrg i {pzi{xi oi kgc {` gcegkògo ` xrgxgo ankl`nri{ h` onq`c

gcxi `# zici xgoxi# hbò{` nezcgoxgr kioxrin{ r`cgxnqi{ gi r`|n{xri h` gkk`{i/

Zir `{x` eixnqi# {`rg kioqònòx` wp` g{ òxnhgh`{# gox`{ h` zi`r ò egrklg oiqi{

{`rqn}i{ ip r`g{# {`|go kgzgk`{ h` h`{`gr ` nezcèòxgr kioxrin{ kp|i ano cxnei {`|g

g r`gcn}gkno h` gqgcngkno{ h` nezgkxi wp` qgngo x`r g{ h`qgohnxg{ nonkngxnqg{ {ibr` g

zrnqgknhgh`# kpbrnohi g{z`kxi{ oio { h` kpezrneòxi oiregxnqi# {òo xgeo h`

noknhòkng {ibr` g zrnqgknhgh` ò {òxnhi gezci ` xòhi ò kioxg i agkxir hg iznono

zbcnkg/


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lxxz=))vvv/nox`ki/`{

lxxz=))ib{`rqgxirni/nox`ki/`{
http://www.inteco.es/http://observatorio.inteco.es/http://observatorio.inteco.es/http://www.inteco.es/

Resumo Executivo Do Estudo Sobre a Seguridade Dos Datos de Caracter Persoal No Ambito Das Entidades...

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