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Submitted to-: CBSE

Supervised By-:

Mr.Nimish Kr. Gupta

2011

Submitted by-:

Ashutosh Maheshwari

Roll no.-7

XI-A1

BASCULE BRIDGE

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Bascule BridgeBascule Bridge sometimes referred to as a drawbridge is

a moveable bridge with a counterweight that continuously

balances the span, or "leaf" throughout the entire upward swing in

providing clearance for boat traffic..

Bascule is a French term forseesaw and balance, and bascule

bridges operate along the same principle. They are the mostcommon type of movable bridge in existence because they open

quickly and require relatively little energy to operate.

Bascule bridges may be single or double leaf. Both have

any truss structure and counterweights below the deck.

Design :

Pulley: A pulley is a wheel on an axle that is designed to support

movement of a cable or belt along its circumference. Pulleys are

used in a variety of ways to lift loads, apply forces, and to transmit

power.

The drive element of a pulley system can be a rope, cable, belt, or

chain that runs over the pulley inside the groove.

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Counterweight : A counterweight is an equivalent

counterbalancing weight that balances a load.

Like in some balanced arm lamp work with a counterweight to

keep the arm and lamp in the desired position.A counterweight is

also used in many rotating systems to reduce vibrations due to

imbalances in the rotating assembly. A typical example is

counterweights on crankshaft in piston engines.

In Bascule Bridge Counterweights may be located above the

bridge or below the deck of the bridge. There are two common

designs of bascule bridge. One is the fixed-trunnion bascule

design, which is where the bridge rotates around a

large axle called a trunnion to raise. This bridge type is

sometimes called the 'Chicago bascule' as this type was

developed and perfected there and is used for many of that city's

river crossings. Joseph Strauss was a key person who worked on

improving the trunnion bascule bridge. Another form of bascule

bridge is the Scherzer rolling lift bridge, also known as a Rolling

Bascule Bridge. The city of Joliet, Illinois has a number of this

structure type. The Scherzer rolling lift bridge essentially rolls or

rocks like a simple rocking chair on a track to raise.

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Application

Tower Bridge

Tower Bridge across the Thames in London , UK is a famous

bascule bridge. Originally, Tower Bridge was a hydraulically

operated bridge, using steam power from coal-burning boilers to

pump river water into six hydraulic accumulators so that power

was readily available when required. The water for the boilers was

provided by a well. The hydraulic accumulators powered the

bascule engines, which raised and lowered the bascules. Today,

the bascule mechanism is driven by oil and electricity rather than

by water and steam

Water Turbine: Awater turbine is a rotatry engine that

takes energy from moving water.

They are mostly used forelectric power generation. They harness

a clean and renewable energy source.

Flowing water is directed on to the blades of a turbine runner,

creating a force on the blades. Since the runner is spinning, the

force acts through a distance (force acting through a distance is

the definition ofwork). In this way, energy is transferred from the

water flow to the turbine

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Impulse turbines

Impulse turbines change the velocity of a water jet. The jet

pushes on the turbine's curved blades which changes thedirection of the flow. The resulting change in momentum (impulse)causes a force on the turbine blades. Since the turbine isspinning, the force acts through a distance (work) and thediverted water flow is left with diminished energy.

Turbine selection is based mostly on the available water head,and less so on the available flow rate. In general, impulse turbinesare used for high head sites, and reaction turbines are used for

low headsitesThe runaway speed of a water turbine is its speed at full flow,and no shaft load. The turbine will be designed to survive themechanical forces of this speed. The manufacturer will supply therunaway speed rating.

Turbines are designed to run for decades with very littlemaintenance of the main elements; overhaul intervals are on theorder of several years. Maintenance of the runners and parts

exposed to water include removal, inspection, and repair of wornparts.

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Combination Of These Concepts

In our project we combined the previously discussed concepts.We combine d the concept of impulse water turbine with thebascule bridge to increase the efficiency of the bridge. It made theconcept energy efficient and power saving. By connecting thelifting cables with the turbine rod with the help of a pulley theprocess became smooth and efficient .

Working of the con cept model

We made the base model of the bridge and then we connectedthe threads with the opening end of the flaps or the leaf and rolledit over a pulley n attached the other end to the turbine rod with anadhesive. So whenever the rod rolls with the moving turbine thethread gets rolled on the rod which cause a force on the thread topull the leaf off. W made the turbines for both the sides. Weplaced coat button which acts like a stopper in the cable in thethread button so to fix the max angle of lifting the leaf or the flap.

The water turbine was made up of a cork with plastic blades. Thecork was in the middle of the rod n the holder. So when we pourthe water with a very high pressure on the blades the cork rotates

With a very high speed and the bridge leafs lifts up which makesthe passage for the waterways.

After that , when we pour the water on the opposite sides of theblades the bridge leafs or flaps gets down to its original position

an make the way for roadways.

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Advantages of this concept

For the very first reason it is energy efficient , it save a large

amount of electricity. Water turbines are generally considered aclean power producer, as the turbine causes essentially nochange to the water. They use a renewable energy source andare designed to operate for decades.

Source-Wikipedia

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