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BRAIN

Brain is the main organ of human nervous system.It is located in the head, protected by the skull. It isthe most complex organ of the human body.Brain is the centre of all the peculiar characteristicswhich make man unique.

•The three main parts of brain is cerebrum, cerebellum and medulla oblongata.•Cerebrum is the largest part of the brain.•Cerebellum lies below the cerebrum, it is the largest part of brain.•Medulla oblongata is the stem like part seen close to the cerebellum below the cerebrum.

Brain has three layered covering called meanings.The cerebrospinal fluid fills between the inner layers.CSF is formed from the blood is reabsorbed in to the blood.CSF provides nutrients and oxygen to the tissues of the brain.CSF also ensures protection of the brain.CSF is alsoContained in the cerebral ventricles and cavities in the brain.

CerebrumCerebrum constitute the largest part of the human brain. It is also known as cortex and it performs important brain functions. Cerebrum has four lobes named as frontal lobe, occipital lobe, parietal lobe and temporal lobe.Cytons of neurons are seen crowded in cerebrum. Cerebrum is the centreof qualities like intelligence,memory,thought and imagination.

CerebellumCerebellum is located in the posterior cranial fossa. Basedon the surface appearance three lobes can be distinguished with in the cerebellum the anterior lobe, posterior lobe and flocculonodular lobe. Grooves and folds are present in thecerebellum. It maintains the equilibrium of the body bycoordinating muscular activities.

Medulla oblongataMedulla oblongata is a stem like part seen close to the cerebellumbelow the cerebrum. It is a cone shaped neuronal mass in the hindbrain, which controls a number of autonomic functions. It controlsinvoluntary actions like breathing, heartbeat etc.It continues as the spinal cord which extends through the vertebral column till its posterior end.

ThalamusThe thalamus is large ,dual lobed mass of gray matter buried under the cerebral cortex. Thalamus seen at the interior of thebrain is the relay station of impulses to and from the cerebrum.Impulses reaching the thalamus are analyzed before being relayed.At the base of the thalamus is the hypothalamus which plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis.

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