ORIGINAL REASEARCH ARTICLE - SURVEY...

Journal of Ayurveda Official publication of National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur, Rajasthan143

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ORIGINAL REASEARCH ARTICLE - SURVEY STUDY

A Survey Study To Evaluate The Effect Of Ratri Jagarana On Health W.s.r. To Nidra Vega Dharana

*Dr. Mahesh Kumar, **Dr. Sarvesh Kumar Agarwal *Assistant Professor, Dept. of Swasthavritta & Yoga, Dr. S.R. Rajasthan Ayurveda university, Jodhpur, **Assistant

Professor, Dept. of Swasthavritta & Yoga, National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur.

ABSTRACTAyurveda is the priceless gift from our golden past, handed down from generation to generation from one great

master to his illustrious successor. In this competitive and stressful era the sleep is proved as a divine gift to human beings which refreshes and recharges an individual for the further struggle for survival. Sound sleep in a peaceful state of mind is hardly possible in this modern world. Though the people are aware of the fact that good sleep is very essential for the physical and mental well being, due to many reasons most of the people can’t enjoy the sound sleep. Hence they are devoid of real benefits of sleep.

The aims & objective of this study is to record the problems due to Nidra Vega Dharana in night workers and to prepare a modified module of life style for them.500 volunteers have been selected for this survey study from Jaipur.

A proforma having general details and symptoms of Nidra Vega Dharana were given to them. The observations from these filled proforma were evaluated and result was drawn. On the basis of these result of the prevalent symptoms, a module of diet & life style has been prepared for night workers.

Keywords : Nidra Vega Dharana, Ratri Jagarana, Module, Night workers, Sound sleep.

Address of Correspondence: Dr. Mahesh KumarAssistant Professor, Dept. of Swasthvritta & Yoga, Dr. S.R. Rajasthan Ayurveda University, Jodhpur

Email ID : [email protected]

Contact No : 9928833120

How to Site the Article : Kumar M, Agarwal SK, A Survey Study To Evaluate The Effect Of Ratri Jaga-rana On Health W.s.r. To Nidra Vega Dharana ,JOA XIII-1, 2019; 143 - 149

Introduction:

In Ayurveda the edifice of body has been considered to be supported on certain metaphoric pillars and sub pillars. The pillars, the three body humors, underlie and govern all aspects of physiological functioning. The balanced state of these three vital humors account the healthy state of the body, whereas imbalance of Dosha,

JOAjournalofayurveda.in ISSN No:2321-0435


Kumar M, Agarwal SK, A Survey Study To Evaluate The Effect Of Ratri Jagarana On Health W.s.r. To Nidra Vega Dharana ,JOA XIII-1, 2019; 143 - 149

eventually manifests as diseases. The three sub-pillars Ahara, Nidra and Bramhacharya are for the purpose to restore and replenish the energy depot of the body. These three sub-pillars when followed adequately maintain the balance of Dosha and in turn hold the integrity of life[1].

Nidra is one of the three sub-pillars of the body[2].

It is a physiological phenomenon which occurs in every individual by Svabhava. It is state of reduced or absent outer consciousness and relatively suspended sensory and motor activities. Nidra plays a vital role in maintaining the body in healthy state by keeping the balance of Dosha intact. Quality sleep enjoyed for proper duration and at proper time imparts physical strength, happiness, virility, increase the learning abilities and maintain the level of cognitive skills[3]. The importance of sleep has also been vividly depicted in allopathic health science.

In recent decades, a drastic change in lifestyle has occurred because of industrialization and globalization. It has shifted from disciplined and balanced to extremely disorganized and fast. People are keeping their personal ambitions over and above health priorities. They are so much indulged in earning the artificial means of comfort that they are ignorantly overlooking the natural needs of restoration of body. Most of people experience their days as an emergency situation and try to overstretch their limits. This fast track kind of life style is interfering the normal sleeping habits of people as a result of which leads to many disease.

Need Of The Study:

In this present time of industrialization and globalization our life style has become too hectic, many of the people do their jobs at night viz., drivers, receptionist, hospital workers, security guard, call centre employees, factory workers, students and many more. It is highly impossible to completely stop their night work, so some modification of their life style can be done to make their jobs easy and prevent many health problems. Keeping this concept in mind this work has been chosen to collect the data regarding health problems of these due to night workers due to night awakening and propose a modified

module of their life style for their healthy living.

Materials And Methods:

Aims & Objective:

1. To Compile and commemorate the classical references of Nidra Vega dharana.

2. To Conduct the Survey study to access the health problems of night workers and calculate the incidence and prevalence of Nidra Vega Dharana among the denizens in and around Jaipur city.

3. To prepare a module of modified life style for night workers.

Selection of volunteers:

Total 500 volunteers were registered from different group of night workers from district Jaipur. A proforma having general details and health problems of night workers were given to them to be filled up.

Inclusion:

1. Age between 18 to 60 years.

2. Irrespective of gender, religion and occupations.

3. Samples belonging to in and around Jaipur city.

4. Samples showing the classical signs and symptoms of Nidra Vega Dharana.

5. Volunteers from night workers group e.g. drivers, call centre workers, night office workers, security guard.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Age below 18 years and more than 60 years.

2. Samples having any other systemic disorders.

3. Samples having the symptoms of insomnia even after the day working.

Assessment Criteria:

Following symptoms were assessed in 500 volunteers:

The symptoms have been taken from Charaka Samhita Ratri jagarana. Some symptoms of aggravated Vatta & Pitta and symptoms of stress have been added along with


Ratri Jagarana.

Headache (f'kj:'kwy), Sleepiness(rUæk), Dizziness(Òze),Pain in eyes(vf{k'kwy), Heaviness of eyes (vf{kx©jo), Redness of eyes (vf{kykfyek), Lacrimation (vJqlzko), Foreign body sensation (fotkrh;rRolLi'kZrk), Nausea (mRDys'k), Vomiting (oeu), Indigestion (vth.kZ/vikd), Flatulence (vk/eku), Hyperacidity (vEyfiÙk), Abdominal pain (mnj'kwy), Constipation (xk<+opZ), Loss of appetite (v#fp), Difficulty in breathing (ÑPNªÜokl), Cough (dkl), Cold (Áfr';k;), Bodyache (vaxenZ/xk='kwy), Obesity (LFk©Y;), Diabetes (e/kqesg), Sexual problems (;©uj¨x), Seizures (dEiu), Urinary Problems (ew=ogj¨x), Depression (volkn), Anxiety (cSpsuh/fpUrk), Heart Disorder (âæ¨x)[4]|

Module For Night Workers

jk=kofi tkxfjrorka tkxfjrdkykènZfe‘;rs fnokLoiue~[5]AA

(Su. S. Sh. 4/37)

Acharya Sushruta says due to any reason if one have to awaken during night then he must sleep during day time half of the devoid of sleep of night, without having food.

Ayurveda mentioned this modification for a person who has to awaken during night occasionally due to any reason but at present time the shift working is the continuous process rather than an occasionally therefore some more modification are required those are given below.

A) Dietary Modifications

¾ Take a big meal at the start of your work schedule and a moderate meal around midnight. Before going to bed in the morning, take a regular breakfast meal in a small quantity. Relax during meals and allow time for digestion & Drink a lot of water during work. Increase fibre content in your diet. Take small, nutritional snacks throughout the shift helps to stay energized throughout the night. Maintain regular eating patterns with well balanced meals. Take the usual balance of vegetables, fruit, lean meat, poultry, fish, dairy products, grains. Minimize the intake of

caffeine, alcohol, antacids, tranquilizers, sleeping pills, fast food and junk food and smoking.

B) Sleep Modification ¾ Make sure that family and friends are aware of and

considerate of the worker's sleep hours and needs. Ensure you have a comfortable, quiet place to sleep during the day. Make time for quiet relaxation before bed to facilitate better sleep i.e. reading, breathing exercises, muscle relaxation techniques etc. Sleep on a set schedule to help establish a routine and to make sleep during the day easier. Avoid strenuous exercise before sleeping because your body’s metabolism will remain elevated for several hours and this makes sleeping difficulty. If failing to fall asleep after one hour, read a book or listen to quiet music. If sleep still does not initiate, reschedule sleeping hours for later in the day.

C) Social Activities Modification

¾ Schedule at least one daily meal with the family; this helps to keep communication channels open and promotes a good eating habit. Socialize with other shift workers and their families; this helps to minimize the disruption that shift work can have on your social life. Keep in touch with spouse and children daily. Establish good communication skills. Set time aside for just you and your spouse. Carefully plan family activities; family ties are a precious commodity (plan days off in advance if possible). Pay close attention to physical fitness; a regular exercise program helps the body adjust to the negative effects of shift work and it can also help improve the quality and quantity of sleep. Practice stress reduction.

D) Work-Related Modifications

Decrease the number of night shifts worked in a row. If you work a 12-hour shift, you should limit work to four shifts in a row. After a string of night shifts, you should have more than 48 hours off, if possible. Avoid working prolonged shifts and putting in excessive overtime. Avoid long commutes, which can take time away from sleeping. Avoid frequently rotating shifts. It is more difficult to



deal with rotating shifts than it is to work the same shift for a longer period of time. It can be easier to adjust to a clockwise shift rotation (e.g. going from day to evening to night shift). Take breaks during work hours to rest or even nap. Exposure to bright light while at work can help people stay awake during their shift. Warm environments can contribute to sleepiness in some people.

In the present study majority of the symptoms are Vata Prakopa along with the Pitta Dosha (fuækuk'kk¨·fuykr~ firkUeuLrkikkr~ {k;knfiA - Su.S.Sh. 4/41)[6]. Therefore the module mentioned above is predominately Vata & Pitta Shamaka Ahara Vihara and sleep.

Result & Discussion:

The survey study carried out in the present series of volunteers revels the majority of these samples were of age between 18-25 years and 33-39 years respectively 30.2% and 21%.This incidence shows that the volunteers of Ratri Jagarana decreases as the age advances.The tendency of shift working has been seen in the young generation. Maximum percentage of volunteers 87.4 % were males and 12.6 % were females. It indicates that majority of working people are male. Maximum


percentage 62.6% of volunteers were Hindu and 35% were of Muslim religion. It indicates the Hindu dominant area. Maximum percentage of volunteers 75.2% were residing in urban area and 24.8 % belonged to rural area. It indicates the urban dominant area. Maximum percentages of volunteers 87.4 % were married and 12.6 % were unmarried. Maximum percentage of volunteers 43.8 % were graduates, 18.6% post graduate, 17% up to primary or secondary class, 13.2% were high school and 7.4% were illiterate. Maximum percentage of volunteers 59% were middle class, 33% were lower class and 8% were higher class. NIA situated in middle class pre dominant area so maximum no. of volunteers belongs to middle class family. Maximum percentage of volunteers 32.6 % were Hospital workers and 21.8 % were Security Guard. Maximum percentages of the volunteers 56.8% were having vegetarian food and 43.2% were having mixed type of food. Maximum percentage of volunteers 31.2% were having no sleep and rest 22.6 % were having 1hr/day sleep at night. Maximum percentage of volunteers 30.6 % of the samples that were taking 5hrs/day sleep, 20.6 % subjects were taking 3hr/day.

Table No. I The Distribution Of Symptoms In All Volunteers Has Been Found As Follows

S. No. SymptomsNo. of

VolunteersPercentage

1. Headache (f'kj:'kwy) 443 88.6 %

2. Sleepiness (rUæk) 400 80 %

3. Dizziness (Òze) 334 66.8 %

4. Pain in eyes (vf{k'kwy) 344 68.8%

5. Heaviness of eyes (vf{kx©jo) 403 80.6 %

6. Redness of eyes (vf{kykfyek) 247 49.4%



7. Lacrimation (vJqlzko) 205 41%

8.Foreign body sensation

(fotkrh;rRolLi'kZrk)310 62 %

9. Nausea (mRDys'k) 27 5.4 %

10. Vomiting (oeu) 9 1.8 %

11. Indigestion (vth.kZ/vikd) 447 89.4 %

12. Flatulence (vk/eku) 440 88.0 %

13. Hyperacidity (vEyfiÙk) 349 69.8 %

14. Abdominal pain (mnj'kwy) 68 13.6 %

15. Constipation (xk<+opZ) 393 78.6 %

16. Loss of appetite (v#fp) 445 89.0 %

17.Difficulty in breathing

(ÑPNªÜokl)86 17.2 %

18. Cough (dkl) 48 9.6 %

19. Cold (Áfr';k;) 64 12.8 %

20. Body ache (vaxenZ/xk='kwy) 454 90.8 %

21. Obesity (LFk©Y;) 112 22.4 %

22. Diabetes (e/kqesg) 138 27.6 %

23. Sexual problem (;©uj¨x) 187 37.4 %

24. Seizures (dEiu) 30 6 %

25. Urinary problems (ew=ogj¨x) 264 52.8 %



26. Depression (volkn) 288 57.6 %

27. Anxiety (cSpsuh/fpUrk) 298 59.6 %

28. Heart disorder (âæ¨x) 181 36.2 %

Table No. II: Symptoms Found In Total Volunteers

Table shows that maximum percentage of 90.8 % were found body ache, 89.4 % were found Indigestion, 89.0 % were found loss of appetite, 88.6% were found head ache present in total volunteers.

Table No. Ⅲ: In 500 Volunteers The Symptoms Were Present In Following Percentage.

S. No Percentage Range Symptoms/Problems

1. 75-100%Headache, Sleepiness, Heaviness of eyes, Indigestion, Flatulence,

Constipation, Loss of appetite , Body ache

2. 50-75%Dizziness, Pain in eyes, Foreign body sensation, Hyperacidity, Urinary

problems, Depression, Anxiety

3. 25-50% Redness of eyes, Lacrimation, Diabetes, Sexual problems, Heart disorder

4. 0-25%Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain, Difficulty in breathing, Cough, Cold,

Obesity, Seizures

The occurrence of these symptoms shows that Vata Dosha is aggravated predominately along with Pitta Dosha. Therefore the diet & life style pattern of night workers should be design with keeping in mind that Vata & Pitta Dosha aggravated.



Conclusion:

¾ Nidra is an essential phenomenon for maintenance and restoration of the life. According to contemporary science, sleep is said to nourish and repair the damages to the tissues caused by various catabolic activities of the body.

¾ On the basis of observations and results of the survey study a module of modified life style of night workers for their healthy living has been prepared.

¾ Vata along with Pitta plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Ratri Jagarana.

¾ The outcome of this study is proper dietary & life style modification module for the night worker/shift worker by using this module further clinical trial (interventional study) can be done to prove this study on clinical basis. If this is proved it will be beneficial for the person doing night work and they can be comfortable & healthy life.

References

1. Trikamji Yadavaji, Charak Samhita, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 1992, Ch- 11/35

2. Agnivesa, Charak Samhita, revised by Charak and Dridhbala,

introduction with Sri Narayan Shastri, with elaborated Vidyotini

hindi commentary by Pt. Kashinatha Shastri and Dr. Gorakhanatha

Chaturvedi, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, part-one,

Reprint-2008, sutrasthana 11/35, page no: 226

3. Agnivesa, Charak Samhita, revised by Charak and Dridhbala, introduction with Sri Narayan Shastri, with elaborated Vidyotini hindi commentary by Pt. Kashinatha Shastri and Dr. Gorakhanatha Chaturvedi, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, part-one, Reprint-2008, sutrasthana 21/36, page no: 416

4. Agnivesa, Charak Samhita, revised by Charak and Dridhbala, introduction with Sri Narayan Shastri, with elaborated Vidyotini hindi commentary by Pt. Kashinatha Shastri and Dr. Gorakhanatha Chaturvedi, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, part-one, Reprint-2008, sutrasthana 7/23, page no: 157

5. Maharshi Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita with Ayurveda Tattva Sandipika Hindi Commentary by Kaviraj Ambikadutta Shastri part 1, edition 2010, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi; sharir sthana-4/37, page no. 45

6. Maharshi Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita with Ayurveda Tattva Sandipika Hindi Commentary by Kaviraj Ambikadutta Shastri part 1, edition 2010, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi; sharir sthana-4/41, page no. 46

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