Órbitas Científicas

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Revista mensual de divulgación científica.

Transcript of Órbitas Científicas

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08 ORBITANDOEditorial

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10 NEUROTRANSMISIÓNLectores opinan

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12 GIROSNeurología

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14 GIROSBiología

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14 GIROSAlzheimer

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16 GIROSChimpancés

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28 REPORTAJESPangea

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30 PRINCIPALMito cerebral

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38 ENTREVISTAMark Dylewski

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12 GIROSMedicina

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16 GIROSDepresión

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18 GRÁFICOSLas auroras

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24 REPORTAJESMetáforas

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26 REPORTAJESDengue

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42 SECUNDARIOCosmos digital

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48 TROTESGastronomía

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50 TROTESPsicología

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52 TECNOLOGÍAIntelectual

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53 TECNOLOGÍAApp.

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TECNOLOGÍALa Luna

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Durante casi dos décadas me he dedicado a escribir de ciencia. Diaria-mente recibo más investigaciones y descubrimientos que jamás podría leer o entender completa y cabalmente; sin embargo, existe toda una empresa global de periodismo científico que intenta facilitar la vida de esos como yo que deseamos entender cómo funcionan las cosas y transmitir ese conocimiento. Es una labor realmente apasionante.Y lo digo así porque encuentro excitante aprender; por eso pienso que no hay lugar para el aburrimiento en el aprendizaje y cuando decide colarse, lo daña todo. Efectivamente, las personas que más me han enseñado de ciencia tienen otro talento: son contadores de historias. Además del empirismo científico, relatan y describen con gracia litera-ria, utilizan metáforas fácil y apropiadamente y logran que quienes los lean o escuchen aprendan y se entretengan. Si miras a tu alrededor, así ha venido creciendo la presencia de la información científica, los periódicos importantes en el mundo mantienen una sección que en muchos casos es la más leída, existen múltiples revistas cen-tradas en la ciencia por todo el mundo, investigadores escriben libros para contarnos sobre el mundo a nuestro alrededor: sobre el cerebro, las demás especies, el planeta, el sistema y hasta el universo mismo. De hecho, hasta la televisión se ha unido a esta incesante marcha que lo único que hace es crecer.Y por eso surge Órbitas científicas. Por eso y por el poder avasallante del internet. He trabajado en los medios del país y he vivido la revolu-ción que destapa actualmente el mundo digital, estamos en medio de ella. Las cosas están cambiando a una rapidez impresionante y en el mundo de la comunicación las tormentas son realmente caóticas; des-de el 1995, más o menos, el público comenzó a influenciar las noticias que leía. La interconexión entre las personas ha producido otra forma de obtener información. Ya hoy nos encontramos en las redes sociales y hasta el buscador de Google sintió la diferencia; ¡el buscador de Google!, que no llega ni a la adolescencia. Y es que los usuarios de Twitter, Facebook y Google+ pueden hoy enterarse tanto de la muerte

de Osama bin Laden como la de Whitney Houston hasta 45 minutos antes que quien vea televisión y ni hablar de los periódicos, que ya van pareciendo dinosaurios en comparación. Si no andas en el mundo digital estarás perdido porque las noticias hoy viajan más rápido que la luz…y libremente.Órbitas científicas es digital, gratis, es confiable, divertida y siempre intentará convertir las noticias difíciles en entendibles y entretenidas; no es una revista académica ni especializada en una rama, no es salud ni tecnología; es ciencia. Económica, ecológica, educativa, exclusiva y entretenida. En esta nuestra primera edición, por ejemplo, el reportaje principal se centra en un mito neurológico que durante más de un siglo se ha negado a morir, a pesar de las evidencias en su contra. Hablamos con

neurólogos, escépticos e historiadores para llegar al punto clave de la terquedad de esta mentira cerebral que encontramos ¡hasta en profe-sores de ciencia en colegios! También reportamos sobre la producción de una extraordinaria prueba que parece predecir si el paciente sufrirá de la versión severa del dengue, la fiebre hemorrágica. Presentamos, además, la sección de Conciencia racional del ingeniero Hernán Toro, miembro fundador de Escépticos Colombia.Los invito entonces a que usen todo el poder neuronal que tienen, que es realmente excepcional, y descarguen a Órbitas científicas, hagan un fólder exclusivo para ella y disfrútenla mes por mes. Nos encargaremos por aquí de que valga la pena.

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Edwin Powell HubbleAstrónomoG5++4%#-3(#$%6"4<#5-#5-'&%$(3#$%;4%)3#2%#6"4"d'"(e#-3#(<43#4"#[."#!H,)%"7#Q4#)%4%(,3;'3#%(;",'"4#1H(#;3;54"$#44%&"#(5#-31+$%7

“Los seres humanos, en el transcurso de nuestro breve derrotero por la vida necesitamos hacer uso de determinados centros de gravedad alrededor de los cuales organizamos nuestra existencia. Así, mitos y religiones, han sido anclajes usados por siglos. La ciencia moderna nos propone asirnos de ella, para que nuestra aventura existencial sea más genuina, y cimentada sobre bases sólidas. Orbitar alrededor de la ciencia, decisión y desafío, no sólo para cien-tíficos, sino también para quienes deseen, a través del conocimiento científico, lograr una mejor com-prensión del universo, del mundo, y de nosotros mismos.”

Pablo Esteban Marega- Contador Público- Univer-sidad de Buenos Aires.Mail: [email protected]

Cuando se habla de orbitas, en cualquier aspecto de la vida, mis neuronas se encargan de rea-lizar una llamada al cerebro y es justo en ese momento cuando éste me expone la conjunción de tres términos muy comunes: Unión, Impulso y Sentido. Podría simplemente decir que una orbita es ese camino que no está visiblemente marcado pero indiscutiblemente descrito por algo, sin embargo mas allá de un simple camino que no se refleja ante nuestras pupilas, nunca seria posible sin la influencia de una fuerza o impulso y es a consecuencia de esto que ese algo seguirá un patrón o sentido para finalmente lograr esa unión que lo mantiene constantemente marcando esa senda o trayecto que describe su esencia. Luisellys CedanoSanto Domingo, República [email protected]

Una órbita es la figura que describen dos o más objetos que giran entre sí alrededor de un punto central debido a la gravedad. Regularmente es de forma elíptica. Por semejanza en la forma tam-bién son órbitas las concavidades donde están los ojos.

Eduardo Leó[email protected]

Las órbitas son caminos que transitan obje-tos, desde planetas hasta átomos, alrededor de un elemento que influye sobre él. Estas líneas imaginarias pueden ser elípticas, en el caso de las órbitas planetarias, y también circulares. La Tierra, en su movimiento de traslación, gira alrededor del Sol en una ór-bita elíptica.

Maridalia MaldonadoSanto Domingo, República DominicanaTwitter: @maridalia

Es el trayecto que nos en-vuelve, que nos atrae al conocimiento. Es lo que nos impulsa, a saber, como la gravedad a los objetos.

Félix PolancoRepública Dominicana

¿QUÉ SIGNIFICA PARA TI UNA ÓRBITA?

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* Pesas mejoran síntomas del Parkinson

* Hispanos inmigrantes tienen menos derrames

* Droga contra esos traumas cerebrales

* La migraña de mamá empeora cólico del bebé

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¿Te despiertas mucho en la noche? Cuidado con el Alzheimer

Cambios en los niveles de estrógeno son responsables de ciertos humores

Científicos descubren las moléculas detrás del remedio Chang shan

Alta densidad de población y el agua

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* SUPERCONTINENTE

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* DESCARGAL

Por Glenys Álvarez

* UN ÓRGANO GLOTÓN

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¿Habrá sido culpa de William James?

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Nadie quiere matar a Supermán

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Doctor Alfredo FernándezNeurólogo, Hospital Ginecología y Obstetricia

"* !!!"#$%&'()*#+&(%*)",'-. "'!!!"#$%&'()*#+&(%*)",'-.....

* CIRUGÍA ROBÓTICA

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Por Glenys Álvarez

#) !!!"#$%&'()*#+&(%*)",'-. #(!!!"#$%&'()*#+&(%*)",'-.....

* UNA COMPUTADORA

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=&.25A3&'3$*'3&<&*'+,&'&.%,&.=4$.'&.'3)';1*'0&+,&()' 2&3' ;,.2)F' E*$*' 0$4=:%,3$*' ;1*'0&+,&($*'+,&'3)*'1=);)*F'U$4$'$3/,.)*'C:*5?%)*8'=)2)'*&'=4$=$'2&'$3;$%&.$4'5.C)4;$%56.8'2&' 9&%9)8' $3/,.)*' 9$.' *,/&452)' +,&' &*' 3$'5.C)4;$%56.8'<'.)' 3$';$=&45$'.5' 3$'&.&4/:$8'3$' +,&' %).*=5=,<&' 3$' ,.52$2';1*' A1*5%$' 2&'&G5*=&.%5$'&.'&3'%)*;)*F"N$'5.C)4;$%56.'-5$@$'&.'25;5.,=$*'0$4=:%,?3$*')'A5=*8'<'2&'&*=)*'A5=*'*,4/&'&3'_)*;)*78'&*%45A&'b5%9$&3'b)<&4'&.'3$'4&-5*=$'Q%5&.?

Por Glenys Álvarez

!! !!!" !-!!!"

Para medir esta pequeña unidad habría que cons-truir una máqui-na del tamaño de la Vía Láctea, nuestra galaxia.

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'* Otros casos y reseñas

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Hernán Toro* CONCIENCIA RACIONAL

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