Myanmar. Eco

8/8/2019 Myanmar. Eco

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Status of GHS Implementation and Status of GHS Implementation and

Hazard Communication in Myanmar Hazard Communication in Myanmar

Dr. Phone Myint ( Ministry of Health ) Dr. Phone Myint ( Ministry of Health ) Dr. Khin Saw Yi (Ministry of Health) Dr. Khin Saw Yi (Ministry of Health) Daw Bunny Win (Ministry of Industry I) Daw Bunny Win (Ministry of Industry I) Daw Ni Ni Tun (Ministry of Agriculture Daw Ni Ni Tun (Ministry of Agriculture &Irrigation) &Irrigation)



Union of Myanmar

The LandThe largest country on the mainland of South East Asia.

Total land area676,577sq.km (216,228sq.miles)

The neighboring countries:Bangladesh, China, India, Laos, Thailand



Current Population ± around 53million

Freedom of religion- Buddhism, Islam, Christians, Hindus

P opulation

Religion

Official languageMyanmar



E conomic System

Line of Trade

AgricultureIndustry

Oil productionLivestock and fishery

Mineral G ems and Jade

Market oriented economy system



It It is is implementing implementing a a market market oriented oriented economic economic system system and and taking taking

appropriate appropriate measures measures for for increasing increasing participation participation of of the the private private sector sector extensively extensively in in economic economic activities activities and and promoting promoting efficiency efficiency of of State State E conomic E conomic E nterprises E nterprises ..



Myanmar Myanmar is is also also in in the the midst midst of of Political,Political, Socioeconomic,Socioeconomic, E nvironmental,E nvironmental,Technological,Technological, Demographic Demographic and and E pidemiological E pidemiological transitions transitions ..



The The growth growth in in productive productive sectors sectors such such as as

Agriculture, Agriculture, Industry,Industry, E nergy E nergy ,, Transport Transport and and

other other service service sectors sectors made made enormous enormous progress progress in in

human human development development by by positive positive contribution contribution

to to employment employment opportunities,opportunities, increase increase personal personal

income,income, greater greater social social wealth wealth and and improved improved

services services..



E conomic development programs are not free E conomic development programs are not free

from risks and adverse effects on human health from risks and adverse effects on human health

and environment either directly through and environment either directly through

exposure to harmful agents particularly exposure to harmful agents particularly

chemicals or indirectly through environmental chemicals or indirectly through environmental

degradation and environmental pollution.degradation and environmental pollution.



In a developing country like Myanmar In a developing country like Myanmar human exposure and health risk arising from human exposure and health risk arising from

existing hazardous chemicals such as existing hazardous chemicals such as

pesticides , lead and mercury are of pesticides , lead and mercury are of

particular concerns. particular concerns.



R ecognizing R ecognizing the the need need of of integration integration of of Health Health

,, E nvironment E nvironment and and Sustainable Sustainable Development,Development, the the

Government Government of of the the Union Union of of Myanmar Myanmar has has

established established the the National National Commission Commission for for

E nvironmental E nvironmental Affairs Affairs in in 1990 1990,, to to formulate formulate a a

comprehensive comprehensive national national environmental environmental policy policy..



Myanmar Myanmar Agenda Agenda 2121 was was adopted adopted in in 1997 1997 to to

serve serve as as a a blue blue- -print print for for Sustainable Sustainable Development Development in in the the country country.. Myanmar Myanmar

Agenda Agenda 2121 covers covers the the three three broad broad dimensions dimensions

(or) (or) the the three three pillars pillars of of sustainable sustainable

development development namely namely- - the the social,social, economic economic and and

environmental environmental dimensions dimensions..



R egarding the E nvironmentally Sound R egarding the E nvironmentally Sound

Management of Toxic chemical, Myanmar Management of Toxic chemical, Myanmar

Agenda 21 contains a chapter relating to this Agenda 21 contains a chapter relating to this

issue. In particular, Chapter 10 of Myanmar issue. In particular, Chapter 10 of Myanmar

Agenda 21 is concerned with E nvironmental Agenda 21 is concerned with E nvironmental

Quality Management and E nhancement.Quality Management and E nhancement.



Promote environmentally sound Promote environmentally sound

management of toxic chemicals and management of toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes is one of the programs.hazardous wastes is one of the programs.R egarding the sources of toxic chemicals anR egarding the sources of toxic chemicals an

hazardous wastes, Myanmar Agenda 21hazardous wastes, Myanmar Agenda 21stated that in Myanmar, most factories stated that in Myanmar, most factories neither produce toxic chemicals nor use themneither produce toxic chemicals nor use themas raw materials in their manufacturing as raw materials in their manufacturing processes. processes.



Chemical R elated Industries of Myanmar Chemical R elated Industries of Myanmar R egistered Chemical R elated Industries under Ministry of Industry I R egistered Chemical R elated Industries under Ministry of Industry I

Main Brand Total no:Main Brand Total no:

Factory FactoriesFactory Factories

MyanmaTextile Industries 22 13 35MyanmaTextile Industries 22 13 35

Myanma Food Stuff Industries 22 30 52Myanma Food Stuff Industries 22 30 52

Myanma Pharmaceutical Industries 14 5 19Myanma Pharmaceutical Industries 14 5 19

Myanma Ceramic Industries 15 6 21Myanma Ceramic Industries 15 6 21

Myanma PaperMyanma Paper & Chemical Industries 10& Chemical Industries 10 - - 1010

MyanmaGeneral & Maintenance 17 12 29MyanmaGeneral & Maintenance 17 12 29

Industries _______________________ Industries _______________________

100 66 166100 66 166

Source: Ministry of Industry I ________________________ Source: Ministry of Industry I ________________________

Until 30th June 2005 (up to date)Until 30th June 2005 (up to date)



R egistered Chemical R elated Private Industries R egistered Chemical R elated Private Industries No. Description No. of E stablishment No. Description No. of E stablishment 1. Food Product 26896 1. Food Product 26896 2.2. Textiles 2083Textiles 20833.3. Leather 221Leather 2214.4. Paper 261Paper 261

5.5. Coke Coke & Petrol Product 8 & Petrol Product 8 6.6. Chemical & Chemical & Chemical Product 426 Chemical Product 426 7.7. R ubber R ubber & Plastic 787 & Plastic 787 8.8. Soap & Detergent ( Bar, Powder , Liquid ) 59 Soap & Detergent ( Bar, Powder , Liquid ) 59 9.9. Pharmaceutical Industries 58 Pharmaceutical Industries 58

10.10. Ceramic Industries 4 Ceramic Industries 4 _________ _________

3080330803 __________ __________

Source: Ministry of Industry I Source: Ministry of Industry I Until 30th June 2005 (up to date) Until 30th June 2005 (up to date)



Industrial Chemicals Industrial Chemicals

Hazardous chemicals which are in use in Hazardous chemicals which are in use in

large quantities are caustic soda, bleaching large quantities are caustic soda, bleaching

agents such as Hydrogen Peroxide, Sodium agents such as Hydrogen Peroxide, Sodium

Chlorite, Sodium Hypochlorite and acids.Chlorite, Sodium Hypochlorite and acids.

These chemicals are imported.These chemicals are imported.



Most of the chemicals in Most of the chemicals in Consumer Consumer

Products are imported.Products are imported.

Big Chemical Industries are not Big Chemical Industries are not existed in existed in

Myanmar.Myanmar.

Majority of industries are medium Majority of industries are medium or small in or small in size.size.



Laws and R egulations Laws and R egulations

There are sectoral laws , regulations and There are sectoral laws , regulations and departmental actions related to the sound departmental actions related to the sound

management of toxic chemicals. These include management of toxic chemicals. These include the E xplosive Act (1887),the Oil Field Act the E xplosive Act (1887),the Oil Field Act

(1918) the Poison Act (1919),the Petroleum Act (1918) the Poison Act (1919),the Petroleum Act (1934) the Factory Act (1951),(1934) the Factory Act (1951),



Laws and R egulations Laws and R egulations

Other Other legislation legislation such such as as Factories Factories Act Act of of 19511951,, Public Public Health Health Law Law 1972 1972 which which are are more more

or or less less related related with with the the management management of of hazardous hazardous waste waste and and prevention prevention of of industrial industrial

accidents accidents .. At At present, present, they they are are under under review review..



Institution Institution

R egarding institution, there is no specific R egarding institution, there is no specific

institution assigned with the task for the institution assigned with the task for the

overall management of toxic chemicals and overall management of toxic chemicals and

hazardous wastes.hazardous wastes.



E xisting legislation that could E xisting legislation that could accommodate the GHS accommodate the GHS

- - There There are are many many different different names names and and articles articles

of of law law under under different different ministries ministries in in Myanmar Myanmar.. The The

Ministry Ministry of of Industry Industry II issues issues the the action action plan plan as as

standing standing order order in in which which Occupational Occupational Safety Safety and and

Health Health Plan,Plan, Air Air and and Water Water Pollution Pollution Control Control

Plan,Plan, Food Food and and Drug Drug Control Control Plan Plan are are included included..



E xisting legislation that could E xisting legislation that could accommodate the GHS accommodate the GHS

Industry Industry Standing Standing Orders Orders of of Industry Industry I I & & II II

Agriculture Agriculture Pesticides Pesticides Law Law of of 1990 1990

Transport Transport Motor Motor Vehicle Vehicle Law Law ( (1960 1960) )

Consumers Consumers Chemicals Chemicals No No specific specific chemical chemical law law and and regulation regulation exist exist recently recently..There There are are individual individual instructions instructions and and directions directions in in each each Ministry Ministry..The The manuals manuals of of how how to to handle handle chemicals chemicals are are issued issued in in each each chemical chemical industry industry depending depending on on the the type type of of chemical chemical and and process process respectively respectively..



Chemical Classification System Chemical Classification System

Industry Industry - - For For Industrial Industrial Chemicals Chemicals the the Harmonized Harmonized Commodity Commodity Description Description and and Coding Coding System System is is used used..

Agriculture Agriculture - - FAO FAO Code Code of of Conduct Conduct on on the the Distribution Distribution and and Use Use of of Pesticides,Pesticides,



Guidelines on Good Labeling Practice for Guidelines on Good Labeling Practice for

Pesticides and the WHO R ecommended Pesticides and the WHO R ecommended

Classification of Pesticides by Hazards are used Classification of Pesticides by Hazards are used

by the Agriculture sector.by the Agriculture sector.

Transport Transport - - UN R ecommendation on the UN R ecommendation on the

Transport of Dangerous Goods (UN R TG) is Transport of Dangerous Goods (UN R TG) is

adopted and practiced by the Transport Sector.adopted and practiced by the Transport Sector.



Introduction of GHS into National Introduction of GHS into National

Chemical Management Scheme.Chemical Management Scheme.- - Interested Interested in in introducing introducing GHS GHS into into

National National Chemical Chemical Management Management

Scheme Scheme..- - The The adaptation adaptation process process of of GHS GHS in in

Myanmar Myanmar is is under under way way..- - At At present, present, Myanmar Myanmar stands stands at at the the

stage stage of of awareness awareness raising raising on on GHS GHS..



Current of GHS implementation in Current of GHS implementation in

Myanmar Myanmar Preparing Preparing for for revising revising related related legislation legislation / / administrative administrative procedures procedures..



Obstacles to implementation of the GHS Obstacles to implementation of the GHS

- - Lack Lack of of resources resources / / capacity capacity..



R ealizing R ealizing the the hazards hazards of of dangerous dangerous

chemicals chemicals to to workers workers and and general general public public

especially especially the the vulnerable vulnerable groups, groups, GHS GHS which which provides provides a a framework framework for for helping helping to to improve improve

chemical chemical management management and and safety safety of of these these

groups groups need need to to be be adopted adopted..

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