MIS Presentation Exclusive
-
Upload
manish-singh -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
0
Transcript of MIS Presentation Exclusive
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
1/72
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
2/72
CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
Management Information System (MIS) is an integrated man-
machine system that provides information to support the planning
and control functions of managers in an organization.
It is designed to provide information to various organizational
levels , to assist them in decision-making.
Many firms have customer information system, marketing
information system, accounting information system. These levels
use the information for the purpose of decision-making.
As the business organizations grow in complexity managers
depend more heavily upon various external and internal sources
of information.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
3/72
According to Schwartz Management information
system is a system of people, equipment, procedures,
documents, communications that collects, validates,operates, transforms, stores, retrieves and present data
for use in planning , controlling and other managerial
process.
According to G.B. Davis Management Information
System is an integrated man-machine system for proving
information to support the operations, management
analysis, and decision-making functions in an
organization.
Jerome Kanter defined Management information
system as a system that aids management in making ,
carrying out , and controlling decisions.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
4/72
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
5/72
Management Information System (MIS) has three
components:
Management
InformationSystem
Management is concerned about the functional aspects of
the management. Managers have to perform important
functions i.e. planning, organizing, directing and controllingfor decision-making.
Information can be defined as the data which is organized
and presented at a time and place so that the decision-maker
take necessary action. Information is the result/product of
processing data.
System is a group of elements/components joined together to
fulfill certain functions. A system is made up of sub-systems,
which directs the organization efforts towards the achievement
of its objectives.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
6/72
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
7/72
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
8/72
Thus Management Information system is a set of integrated ,
well knit and scientifically designed system whereby raw data get
converted into decision-based and control oriented information.
Management information system ensures:
Right information at right time to right person and in right
manner.
Regularity in the periodicity of information flow.
Information geared towards aiding managerial decisions for
planning and control.
Screening of all information at the point of transmission to
select the relevant and reject the all the irrelevant details.
A built a system of link-up and follow-up.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
9/72
Characteristics Of Management Information System(MIS) :Management information system is an integrated system.
Management information system provides relevant information to
management i.e. objective oriented.
Management information system is flexible system.
Management information system is comprehensive i.e. Transaction
processing system, office information system, forecasting information system,
project information system, decision support system, human resource information
system, marketing information system etc.
Management information system is a feedback system.
Management information system is computerized system.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
10/72
Management information system has modules (Sub-system).
Management information system transforms the data into
information.
Management information system uses established quality
criteria.
Management information system enhances productivity.
Management information system comprises common databases.
Management information system is management oriented.
Management information system avoids redundancy in
storage.
Management information system has common data flow.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
11/72
Objectives of Management Information System(MIS) :
To provide information for planning , organizing and
controlling.
To store and manage data efficiently from all the functional
areas of the management.
To process the collected data and derive information.
To provide information quickly as and when required.
To reduce the risk and uncertainty in the managerial decision-
making.
To collect and store the data for the purpose of internal
research
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
12/72
To assist in identifying the managerial problems and their
solutions.
To provide information regarding work force planning.
To provide information regarding financial health of the
organization.
To provide information regarding production and inventory.
To provide information regarding sales and other marketing
aspects i.e .product , price, promotion, physical distribution,payment, collection etc.
To smooth up the flow of data through various levels of the
organization
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
13/72
Importance of Management Information System
(MIS):
Management information system helps in minimizing risks
in decision-making.
Management information system process data and derive
information out of them.
Management information system provides information
about various aspects of the business.
Management information system helps the executives to
avail the information regarding functional areas of quickly.
Management information system helps in preparing
corporate report.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
14/72
Management information system helps the HRD manager
in finding out the requirements of the human resources
planning , recruitment, selection, performance appraisal,transfer ,training & development, promotion, absenteeism
and employees turnover which is useful in drafting sound
HRD policies.
Data regarding production helps the production manager in
deciding out capacity utilization, number of rejection per
batch, frequency of break-down, status of shipment of
processed order etc.
It provides information regarding inventory position and
ensures that the chances of inventory out of stock may be
minimized.
It present information regarding product price, promotion,
demand, sales etc. to marketing manager instantly and
ensures smooth functioning of the department.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
15/72
Limitation of Management Information System (MIS) :
Management Information System (MIS) takes the accountmainly quantitative factors, thus it ignores the non-quantitative
factors like morale, attitude of the members of the organization
which have an important bearing on the decision-making of
executives.
Management Information System (MIS) effectiveness decrease
due to the frequent changes in the top management,
organizational structure and operational plan/team.
The quality of output of MIS are governed by the quality of
inputs and processes.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
16/72
Need of Management Information System (MIS) :
The need of MIS felt more in its absence than its
presence. Very often in an organization some failure
symptoms become apparent necessitating the introduction
of MIS. Such failure symptoms could be:
Organisation being unable to meet its commitments.Increased overtime in respect of clerical and other staff.
Huge blockage in executive work-load
Delayed decisions, indecisions, and wrong decisions.
Non-availability of timely and relevant information.
Maintenance of pocket or desk information.
Loose control resulting in wastages, losses, and
inefficiencies.
Duplication of work and disjointed efforts.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
17/72
Elements / Characteristics Of a Successful and
Comprehensive Management Information System(MIS)
:
Economy
Management orientation
Flexibility
Relevance
ReliabilityAccuracy
Simplicity
Timeliness
ConcisenessDatabase
Integrated
Computerized
Problem-solving
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
18/72
Concept of Data And Information :
Data is the raw material from which useful information is
derived.The word data is the plural ofDatum. Data is commonly
used in both singular and plural forms.
It is defined as raw facts or observations, typically about
the physically phenomenon or business transactions.
Example-A sale of machine tool or automobile would
generate a lot of data describing those events.
Data are measurements of attributes(characteristics) of
entities(such as people, place, things and events).
These measurements are usually represented by symbolssuch as numbers, words, codes, alphabetical, It takes a
variety of forms, including numeric data, text, voice and
images.
Data is the collection of facts, which is unorganized but
can be organized into useful information.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
19/72
Information:
The data which has been converted into a useful &
meaningful form is called information.
Data are raw material resources that are processed into
finished information products.
Information can be defined as data that has been converted into a meaningful and useful context for specific end users.
Information may include:
Its form is aggregated, manipulated and organized.
Its content is analyzed and evaluated.
It is placed in a proper context for human users.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
20/72
Data Information
Data refers to details , facts
about any event.
Data is generally disorganized
and disintegrated in the form.
Data is in raw form.
Data cant be understood or
made use of by the users.
Data does not depend upon the
information.
Information refers to only
those events which are
concerned with entity.
Information is properly
arranged classified andorganized.
Information is in finished
form.
Information is understood and
used by the users.
Information is based upon
and derived from data.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
21/72
Data: 50210
Information:
5/02/10 The date of your final exam.
Rs.52,010 The average starting salary of anaccounting major.
52010 Zip code of state.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
22/72
Data 6.34
6.45
6.39 6.62
6.57
6.64
6.71
6.82
7.12
7.06$5.60
$5.80
$6.00
$6.20
$6.40
$6.60
$6.80
$7.00
$7.20
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Sto
ckPrice
Last 10 Days
SIRIUS SATELLITE RADIO INC.
Information
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
23/72
Figure 1.2 Characteristics of useful information
Information in Context
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
24/72
Information technology and quality information arenot the goals, but merely to support organizations
to reach goals of
Superior products and services
Greater productivity
Eventually success
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
25/72
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
26/72
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
27/72
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
28/72
Input ofDataResources
ProcessingData
Output ofInformationProducts
Control of System Performance
Storage of Data Resources
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
29/72
Classification of Information System:(i) Based on usage of computers:
(a)Manual Information system:
The being is the earliest and still most prevalent form of dataprocessor.
Human being receives input data by seeing or hearing them. These
data then stored in the brain, which acts as a control and logic unit.
The output obtained from this type of information processing are oral
or written reports and a variety of physical actions.
The human mind , acting as a control and logic unit , can perform manyoperations on data such as adding, subtracting, multiplying , dividing,
storing results, comparing two items, out putting the results in a pre
arranged manner and revising the processing operations as a result of
changed instructions.
(b)Computer Based Information System : Computer based information system is an information system that uses
computer hardware and software to perform its information processing
activities.
It consists of people , procedures, data, programs, and computers. It
process, stores, and retrieve the data.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
30/72
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
31/72
(ii) Based on number of users :
(a)Personal IS :
Here the user is a single person. Individual play three roles: as a user, who uses information produced to
perform some business function, as user, operator and as user developer.
Personal information system increases the productivity of a single
individual.
(b)Work Group IS : It includes number of users but number is less than twenty five normally.
The user can be classified as users, user operators and professional
developers. It can be used in an organization where the users share similar
perspectives. The users can be classified as users, use operators and
professional developers.
(c)Enterprise IS : It can be used in an organization where users have multiple perspectives.
The user can be classified as users, professional operators and
professional developers.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
32/72
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
33/72
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
34/72
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
35/72
1.Operations Support System(OSS): Information systems need to process data generated by and used in
business operations is called operation support system(OSS).
Operation support system(OSS) collects, processes and stores datagenerated by the operations systems of an organization and produces
data and information for input into a management information system
or for the control of an operations system.
It may be noted that operation system is a basic subsystem of the
business firm that constitutes its input, processing and output
components. It is also called physical system. it produces a variety of information
products for external and internal use.
However , they do not emphasize producing the specific information
products that can be best used by the managers.
Further processing by management information systems is usually
required. The role of a business firms operations support systems is to
efficiently process business transactions, control industrial processes,
support office communications and productivity, and update corporate
databases.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
36/72
(a)Transaction processing System(TPS): This is one of the earliest type of information system.
It produces a variety of information like customer statements,
employee pay cheque, sales receipts, purchase orders, dividendcheque, tax forms, financial statements etc. transactions can be
internal or external.
When ABC company places an order to suppliers/vendors internal
transaction occurs.
When a customer places an order for a product, external transaction
occurs. Further , when a company orders raw materials from the supplier, a
transaction occurs then transaction system records relevant
information such as:
Name of supplier
Address
Credit rating and past experience Kind of item ordered
Quality ordered
Quantity to be ordered
Amount to be paid
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
37/72
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
38/72
Types of TPS Systems
KEY SYSTEM APPLICATIONS IN THE ORGANIZATION
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
39/72
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
40/72
Payroll TPS
KEY SYSTEM APPLICATIONS IN THE ORGANIZATION
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
41/72
Overview of Inventory Systems
Figure 2-10
SYSTEMS FROM A FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
42/72
Transaction processing system contains the following steps:
Data Entry: The transaction data is entered into the system using various inputdevices.
Data validation : data validation ensures the accuracy and reliability of databy comparing actual data with pre-determined standards or known results. Ex-
Placing quotation. Data Processing and Revalidation : There are two ways to do process
transactions as under:
Online Transaction Processing(OLTP):It means instantaneous processing ofdata and the data input device is directly linked to the TPS and therefore the
data are processed as soon as it is entered into the system. Ex-Flight
reservation.
Batch Processing : Under this system, transactions are accumulated overtime and processed periodically. Hence processing of data take place
weekly/fortnight/monthly. Validation is done before and after data is processed.
Data storage : It could be stored on CD, memory of computer , hard disk or anyother suitable device meant for such purpose.
Output Generation : Output can be communicated to decision makers.
Query Support: The last step in processing a transaction is query(askingquestions of) system. Query facilities allow users to access data and
information that may otherwise not be readily Available. e.g.-sales manager
may query the system for the number of damaged items in a given lot.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
43/72
(b)Process Control System : Process control system makes routine decisions that control operational
process. For example-Automatic inventory reorder limit and production control
decision, which are used in assembly line decisions.
Computer automatically makes process control system decisions, adjusting a
physical production process.
Process control system helps to monitor a physical operation ,capture and
process data selected by sensors and makes real time adjustments to theprocess. Example: in a petroleum refinery use sensors to monitor chemical
processes.
(c) Enterprise Collaboration Systems: Enterprise Collaboration Systems are system whose primary goal is to
facilitate communications.
Enterprise Collaboration Systems are computer based information systemsthat collects, process, store and transmit electronic messages, documents,
and other forms of communications among individuals, work groups and
organizations.
Enterprise Collaboration system uses mechanical, electrical and electronic
devices to enhance communication in the work place and increase the
efficiency and productivity of knowledge workers and clerical workers.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
44/72
Enterprise Collaboration System includes:
Word Processing :.letters, memos, reports
Electronic mail (e-mail)
Voice mail
Electronic Calendaring: store and retrieves appointment calendars ofmanagers.
Audio Conferencing
Video Conferencing
Teleconferencing :Audio, video, and computer
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
45/72
2.Management Support System :
Providing information and support for effective decision making by all typesof managers and business professionals is a difficult task and applications
when it is focused on the above are called Management Support System.
Management Support System is an information system that provides
information to support managerial decision-making by all the levels of
management.
Conceptually, several major types of information systems support a varietyof decision-making responsibilities.
(a)Management Information System : Management Information System are the most common form of
management support system.
They provide managerial end users with information products that support
much of their day to day decision-making needs.
Management information system provides variety of reports and displays to
management.
Management Information Systems retrieve information about internal
operations from database that have been updated by transaction processing
systems. They also obtain data about business environment from external
sources.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
46/72
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
47/72
Figure 2-5
Management Information System (MIS)
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
48/72
Scheduled reportsKey-indicator reports
Exception reports
Ad hoc (demand) reportsDrill-down reports
Creates reports managers can useto make routine business decisions
MIS
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
49/72
(b)Decision Support System : Decision Support System is a set of well-integrated, user
friendly, computer based tools combine data with various
decision-making models(both quantitative and qualitative)to solve semi-structured and unstructured problems.
Decision support System allows the decision-makers to
retrieve data and test alternative solutions during the
process of problem solving.
Decision support system is invariable an outcome ofmanagement information system, providing support for
operational control, management control and strategic
planning.
Decision Support system contains following
characteristics: DSS integrates data with decision-making models.
DSS solves semi-structured and unstructured problems
DSS supports a wide variety of decision-making processes
and styles.
DSS facilitates decision making under dynamic conditions.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
50/72
Figure 2-7
Decision Support System (DSS)
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
51/72
Figure 2-6
Decision Support System (DSS)
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
52/72
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
53/72
Classification of DSS: Decision Support System containsfollowing types:
File Drawer System: Access of data items Ex-data oriented system
Data Analysis System : analysis of data files.
Analysis information System: Using databases and other models.
Accounting models: Estimating future results using accountingrules.
Representational Models : Estimating results, consequences where
risk exists.
Optimization Models : Calculating optimal results whereconstraints exist.
Suggestion Models : producing suggested results where decisionrules are known.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
54/72
Components of Decision Support System : Hardware Resources: Executive workstations are connected with
computer telecommunication channels. Software Resources : Decision support system software packages
are called system generators. They contain modules for Database
which helps in DBMS Model i.e. Mathematical models for solving
complex problems and dialogue management meant for
managerial interface. Data Resources: It includes summarized data and information
that are indispensable for the managers for taking specific type
of decisions.
Model Resources: Model base includes a library of mathematicalmodels and analytical technique stored in a variety of program
modules and files.
People Resources :It includes managers and their staff specialistsexplore decision alternative.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
55/72
(c)Executive Information system: Executive Information system is a set of computer based tools with
features such as colour, graphics, touch screens, voice-activated
commands. It helps managers to quickly retrieve, analyze, navigate, summarize and
disseminate large volumes of data.
Executive Information System is normally connected with online
information services, so that top managers could access data wherever
they require for the same.
Executive Information System delivers and displays information rather
than analysis or diagnoses of information like decision support system.
Executive Information System are management information systems
tailored to the strategic information needs of top management.
Top executives get information through:
Letters
Memos
Periodicals
Reports
Meetings
Telephone calls
Social activities
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
56/72
Many of the information come through non-computer sources.
The goal of executive information system is to provide top
management with immediate and easy access to selective
information about key factors that critical to accomplish afirms strategic objectives.
Expert System: Expert System is an computer based information system in
which knowledge is represented in data,
In which the processing of the knowledge is directed primarilyby computer programs.
This system has the greatest degree of computer control.
Expert system could be classified either operation information
system or management information system.
Although Expert systems are versatile, it can not be usedeverywhere.
The development of systems that process the knowledge of a
true human expert has proven to be difficult and expensive.
It is aimed at replicating abilities of true human experts.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
57/72
Components of Expert system:It contains followingcomponents:
Knowledge acquisition: This program is used by an individual who hasexpertise in the problem to create, add or change the knowledge base.
Potential sources of knowledge include human experts, text books, data
bases, special research reports and users own experiences.
The Knowledge base : knowledge base is a depository of knowledgethat human expert might apply to solve problem in a subject are like
medicine, engineering, finance etc. the information in the knowledgebase is incorporated into a computer program by a process called
knowledge representation.
Inference Engine : It is a section of software that determines whatknowledge to apply, when and how apply it.it applies rules and other
forms of knowledge in an attempt to make sequence of logicalconclusions that will solve users problem.
User interface : expert system contains a language professor for friendlyproblem oriented communications between the manager-user and the
computer . This communication is best carried out in a natural language,
and in some cases, it is supplemented by graphics.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
58/72
Benefits of Expert System : Cost reduction
Increased output
Improved quality Reduced down time
Capturing scarce expertise
Equipment operation
Reliability
Response time
Enhancing problems solving
Solving complex problems in narrow domain
Working with incomplete and uncertain information
Use of less expensive equipment
Operations in hazardous environments
Limitation of Expert System : Solving specific types of problems in a limited domain of
knowledge
Perform well with specific types of operational and analytical
tasks
Comparatively costly
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
59/72
59
Scheduled Reports
Produced
periodically, oron a schedule
(daily, weekly,
monthly).
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
60/72
Key-Indicator Report
Summarizes the previous days critical activities
and typically available at the beginning of each
day.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
61/72
61
Demand Report
Gives certain
information at amanagers
request.
Exception
ReportAutomatically
produced when asituation is unusual
or requires
management action.
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
62/72
62
Drill Down Reports
Provide detailed
data about asituation.
Management Information Systems
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
63/72
Chapter 2 Information Systems in the Enterprise
MAJOR TYPES OF SYSTEMS IN ORGANIZATIONS
EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEMS (ESS):
Inputs: Aggregate data
Processing: Interactive
Outputs: Projections
Users: Senior managers
Example: 5 year operating plan
Management Information Systems
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
64/72
Chapter 2 Information Systems in the Enterprise
MAJOR TYPES OF SYSTEMS IN ORGANIZATIONS
EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEMS (ESS) (Continued)
Top Level Management
Designed to the individual senior manager
Ties CEO to all levels
Very expensive to keep up
Extensive support staff
Management Information Systemsh h
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
65/72
Chapter 2 Information Systems in the Enterprise
MAJOR TYPES OF SYSTEMS IN ORGANIZATIONS
Model of a Typical Executive Support System
Figure 2-8
Management Information SystemsCh 2 I f i S i h E i
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
66/72
Chapter 2 Information Systems in the Enterprise
Enterprise Systems
Enterprise systems, also known as enterprise resource planning(ERP) systems, provide a single information system fororganization-wide coordination and integration of key business
processes.
Information that was previously fragmented in different systemscan seamlessly flow throughout the firm so that it can be shared bybusiness processes in manufacturing, accounting, humanresources, and other areas.
INTEGRATING FUNCTIONS AND BUSINESS PROCESSES:Introduction to Enterprise Applications
Management Information SystemsCh t 2 I f ti S t i th E t i
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
67/72
Chapter 2 Information Systems in the Enterprise
Enterprise Application Architecture
Figure 2-13
INTEGRATING FUNCTIONS AND BUSINESS PROCESSES:Introduction to Enterprise Applications
Management Information SystemsCh t 2 I f ti S t i th E t i
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
68/72
Chapter 2 Information Systems in the Enterprise
Traditional View of Systems
Figure 2-14
INTEGRATING FUNCTIONS AND BUSINESS PROCESSES:Introduction to Enterprise Applications
Management Information SystemsCh t 2 I f ti S t i th E t i
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
69/72
Chapter 2 Information Systems in the Enterprise
Enterprise Systems
Figure 2-15
INTEGRATING FUNCTIONS AND BUSINESS PROCESSES:Introduction to Enterprise Applications
Management Information SystemsChapter 2 Information S stems in the Enterprise
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
70/72
Chapter 2 Information Systems in the Enterprise
Benefits of Enterprise Systems
Help to unify the firms structure and organization: Oneorganization
Management: Firm wide knowledge-based management processes
Technology: Unified platform
Business: More efficient operations & customer-driven business
processes
INTEGRATING FUNCTIONS AND BUSINESS PROCESSES:Introduction to Enterprise Applications
Management Information SystemsChapter 2 Information Systems in the Enterprise
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
71/72
Chapter 2 Information Systems in the Enterprise
Challenges of Enterprise Systems
Difficult to build: Require fundamental changes in the way thebusiness operates
Technology: Require complex pieces of software and largeinvestments of time, money, and expertise
Centralized organizational coordination and decision making: Notthe best way for the firms to operate
INTEGRATING FUNCTIONS AND BUSINESS PROCESSES:Introduction to Enterprise Applications
System Employees Supported Description
Transaction processing
system (TPS)All employees
Processes an organizations basic businesstransactions (e.g., purchasing, billing,
-
7/29/2019 MIS Presentation Exclusive
72/72
system (TPS)payroll).
Management
information system
(MIS)
All employees
Provides routine information for
planning, organizing, and controlling
operations in functional areas.
Office automation
system (OAS)Office workers
Increases productivity of office workers;
includes word processing.
Word processing system Office workersHelps create, edit, format, distribute, and
print documents.
CAD/CAM Engineers, draftspeopleAllows engineers to design and testprototypes; transfers specifications to
manufacturing facilities.
Communication and
collaboration systems
(e.g., e-mail, voice mail,
call centres, others)
All employees
Enable employees and customers to
interact and work together more
efficiently.
Desktop publishing
SystemOffice workers
Combines text, photos, graphics to produce
professional-quality documents.
Document management
system (DMS)Office workers
Automates flow of electronic documents.
Decision support system(DSS)
Decision makers,Managers
Combines models and data to solvesemi-structured problems with extensive
user involvement.
Executive support
system (ESS)
Executives, senior
Managers
Supports decisions of top managers.
Group support system
(GSS)
People working in
Groups
Supports working processes of groups of
people (including those in different
locations).
Expert system (ES)Knowledge workers,
nonexperts
Provides stored knowledge of experts to
nonexperts and decision recommendations
based on built-in expertise.
Knowledge work system
(KWS)
Managers, knowledge
Workers
Supports the gathering, organizing, and use
of an organizations knowledge.
Neural networks, case-
based reasoning
Knowledge workers,
Professionals
Learn from historical cases, even with
vague or incomplete information.
Data warehouseManagers, knowledge
workers
Stores huge amounts of data that can be
easily accessed and manipulated for
decision support.
Business intelligenceDecision makers,
managers
Gathers and uses large amounts of data for
analysis by DSS, ESS and intelligent
systems.
S t l h k ith