Kiki Rebeca, Respuesta a Crisis Human It Arias

8/7/2019 Kiki Rebeca, Respuesta a Crisis Human It Arias

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Kiki Rebecca LawalBusiness PartnershipsProgramme Officer, UNISDR

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The Role of the Private Sector inHumanitarian Crises:

dilemmas, controversial issues and challenges



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Overview

• Disasters – some figures

• Understanding Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)

• United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Risk

Reduction (UNISDR)

• Why does Disaster Risk Reduction matter to Business?

• Why does Business matter to Disaster Risk Reduction?

• UNISDR engaging the Private Sector

• Fields of cooperation



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Disasters are a global fact

290 natural disasters, 2010 the second worst year since 1980,

which killed 295,000 and costing USD 130 billion.”

Munich Re, 2010



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• 1US$ in DRR saves 4 to 7 US$ in reconstruction• Katrina costs 130 Billion US$. Kobe, in 1995 120 Billion

US$.Hurricane Mitch in 98 put Nicaragua development back to30 years.

• More than half of the world’s GDP is located in high-risk areas

subject to two or more hazards.

Better care than cure



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What is Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)?

• A conceptual framework consisting of ways and means:

– To minimize disaster risks by reducing the degree ofvulnerability and increasing resilience capacity

– To avoid (prevention) or to limit (mitigation andpreparedness) the adverse impacts of natural hazards with asustainable development approach

Natural hazard X Vulnerability/

Capacity= Disaster RiskVulnerability/

CapacityDisaster Risk



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Vulnerabilities

Photo courtesy of Yann Arthus-Bertrand



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Physical Factors• Technicalconstruction,quality

a.Settlements

b.Qualityofbuildings

c.Designandmaterial

• Criticalinfrastructure

• Populationgrowthanddensity

Environmental

Factors• Usablesoilandusablewater• Vegetation,biodiversity,forest

• Stabilityoftheeco-system

• Naturalresourcedepletion

• Toxicandhazardouspollutants

Vulnerability FactorsEconomic Factors• Socio-economicstatus

•Povertyandnutrition

• Accesstocreditandloans

• Accesstocriticalandbasicsocio-economic

infrastructure

• Structureofincomeandeconomy

• Accesstoresourcesandservices

• Reservesandfinancingopportunities

• Incentivesorsanctionsforprevention

• Researchanddevelopment

Social Factors• Traditionalknowledgesystems

• Riskperception

• Levelsofliteracyandeducation

•Legalsituationandhumanrights

• Dominationandpowerrelations

• Civilparticipation,socialorganization

• Legalframework,norms,legislation

• Basichumanrights

• Genderaspects,minorities

• Accesstoinformation



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Resilient communities can be comparedto bamboo…

A resilient community that is hit by a hazard is ableto spring back and resume its original form and

readily recover and adjust.

!



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Understanding the Nature of Disaster Risk

Limited

Access toPower

Structures,

Resources,

Information,Knowledge

Governance,

Ruleoflaw

IdeologiesPolitical

Economic

Gender

relations

Human

rights

Root Causes

Lack of…

Localinstitutions

Training

Appropriateskills

Localinvestment

LocalmarketsPressfreedom

Ethicalstandardsin

publiclife

Macro-forcesRapidpopulation

growth

Rapidurbanisation

ArmsexpenditureDebtrepayment

schedules

Deforestation

Declineinsoil

productivity

Changing Conditions

Fragile

Physical

EnvironmentDangerouslocations

Unprotectedbuildings

andinfrastructure

Fragile Local

EconomyLivelihoodsatrisk

Low-incomelevels

Vulnerable

Society

Specialgroupsatrisk

Lackoflocal

institutions

Public ActionsLackofdisaster

preparedness

Prevalenceof

endemicdisease

Unsafe Conditions

DISASTER

Earthquake

High winds

(cyclone/

hurricane/

typhoon)

Flooding

Volcanic

Eruption

Landslide

Drought

Virus and

pests

HAZARDS



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! !

U



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Natural Disasters Jan – Jul 2010

Munich Re, 2010



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Haiti Earthquake 2010



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Chile Earthquake 2010



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Russia Wildfires 2010



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Pakistan Floods 2010 – USD 15bn – 20m affected



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Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA)

A tool to reduce the riskand vulnerability todisasters to achieve asustainable developmentand reduce poverty.

Ten year plan adopted in2005, Kobe, Japan by

168 countries.



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Mandate of UNISDR

“The mission of United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR) is to build disaster resilient communities by raising awareness, integrating knowledge of disaster reduction into public policies for sustainable development.”

Established by the UN General Assembly in 2000

Secretariat: Geneva

Liaison Office: New York

Regional Offices:Nairobi, Cairo, Panama, Bangkok, Duschanbe, Suva, Brussels

Thematic Platforms:

Bonn (Early Warning), Kobe (Recovery), Guayaquil (El Niño),Freiburg (Wildland Fire)



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UNISDR Secretariat

• Coordination and guidance role to set up the HFA

• Advocacy role (campaigns, publications, training)

• Information role (Global Assessment Report, PreventionWeb)

• Stakeholder involvement (local governments, private sector)

The UNISDR secretariat is the UN focal point for DRR

It advocates for political and financial commitments to DRR in line

with the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA)



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UNISDR within the UN

Humanitarian Development MDGs

Sectoral - technical

IASC

OCHAWFPUNICEF

UNDG

UNDP

WB/IFIs

To assistnational& localneeds &

capacitiesUNEP WHOUNESCO WMOFAO ILOUN-Habitat ITU……

SustainableDevelopmentJPoI

Climate changeDesertificationBiodiversitySIDSLDCsWaterAfrica

ISDR

• UNFCCC



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UNISDR Activities (I)

• Global Assessement Report (GAR) 2009

– 2011: second biennial global assessment on disaster risk reduction



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UNISDR Activities (II)

• Campaign Making Cities Resilient: "My city is getting ready“

– 2010-2011 global campaign

– addresses issues of local governance and urban risk

– drawing upon previous ISDR campaigns on safer schools andhospitals as well as on the sustainable urbanisation principles



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UNISDR Activities (II)

• Campaign Making Cities Resilient: "My city is getting ready“

– 580 local governments with their Mayors and Governors ancCouncils signed by 31 January 2011

– 25 Partners



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UNISDR Activities (III)

• Global Platform

– role of local governments and local partnerships addressincreasing urban risk and depleted ecosystems

– aim is to transform policies and knowledge into concrete actionsare crucial factors to be tackled

– unique opportunity to meet around 2,000 government, businessand civil society representatives



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Why DRR matters to Business?



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Why DRR matters to Business?

Business case for investment in Disaster Risk Reduction

• Strengthen local relationships

• Reinforce brand, reputation, values• Staff development

• Direct business opportunities

• Business development

“Unfortunately, natural hazard risks are not yet in the mind of CEOs but if we manage to bring this topic to the top-level, behaviour will change quickly because they will see how natural hazards affect their supply chains.”

Jo da Silva, Arup



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HFA for Business

Committing private sector

to self-monitored quality

standards in recovery and

reconstruction (such as

building codes) to help

build national and local

capacities in business for

risk assessment and risk

reduction.



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Why Business matters to DRR?



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UNISDR strategy to engage with the Private Sector (I)

Why?

The Private Sector is a powerful social and economic driver at thelocal, national and international level. National and multinationalcompanies provide economic value to national GDP that exceeds

external development assistance.

“A global programme for disaster risk reduction – it‟s not just a question for the UN, it‟s a question for governments, businesses

and every day people working in concert.”

Margareta Wahlström, the Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General for Disaster

Risk Reduction



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UNISDR strategy to engage with the Private Sector (II)

• Core Business Arrangements for joint actions

• Sustainability/Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and

Philanthropy

• Knowledge Transfer

• Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) for Business

How?

Engage Private Sector entities in Public-Private Partnerships(PPP) to promote disaster risk reduction and mobilize

resources through:



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Core Business Arrangements for joint actions

Based on a model of partnership that supports partnercollaboration to create employment and fosterentrepreneurship, contribute to economic growth, implementsocial, environmental or ethical standards and provideappropriate and affordable goods and services.

UNISDR links individual companies to designated projectsand products related to disaster risk reduction.



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Business Case on DRR Japan

• Tokyo Gas

Tokyo Gas supplies 10,637 thousands customers in Tokyo andeleven prefectures, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.

The major goal is to improve the disaster management capabilitiesof the local community.



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Three Policies

Restoration

Prevention

Emergency



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Activities

• The basic guidelines for earthquake preparedness such asPrevention policies and Emergency Policies

• Workshop

- Disaster Management Fair: The jointly program with localgovernment agencies, fire departments, and disaster managementvolunteers

- Disaster Management Camp: For elementary students toexperience a survival camp to research findings during disastermanagement symposia

• Public-Private Partnerships, working with governments andNPOs



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Corporate Social Responsibility and Philanthropy

Based on a model where business provides financial support,contributes volunteers or expertise, or makes in-kind contributions,including product donations.

UNISDR engages with select private sector entities andfoundations which have been approached on the basis of interest in

specific UNISDR proposals for support in key impact areas.



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Case Study Africa & Asia

Siemens, is a global powerhouse in electronics andelectrical engineering, has committed to thecharitable project “SkyHydrant” which aims at

providing potable water in impoverished regions inAfrica & Asia.

In order to address this problem, Siemens incooperation with the non-profit SkyJuice Foundationa highly efficient, potable water filtration unit thatconverts contaminated water into clean, potablewater. The robust filtration system removesparticulates, bacteria and pathogenic material andproduces a minimum of 10,000 litres per day ofpotable water. The system provides a suitableemergency solution for disaster areas.

UNISDR, Private Sector Activities in DRR, 2008



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Knowledge Transfer

Contributes to learning about disaster risk reduction among privatesector partners to encourage and support leadership inchampioning, advocating for, and contributing to informationexchange and learning on disaster risk reduction.

In practical terms, UNISDR will seek to partner with public-privatesector companies to further learning on DRR for among othersinternational financial institutions.

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What can you do?

Support the development of new public-private-partnerships for

DRR

Inform UNISDR about existing public-private-partnerships for

DRR

Support the development of a HFA-for-Business

Engage with your national businesses to cooperate on DRR

action

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Unbowed: One Woman’s Story

• “What I have learned over the years is that we must be patient,

persistent, and committed. When we are planting trees sometimes people will say to me, „I don't want to plant this tree,

because it will not grow fast enough‟. I have to keep reminding them that the trees they are cutting today were not planted by them, but by those who came before. So they must plant the trees that will benefit communities in the future.”

Wangari Maathai, Nobel Peace Prize

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United Nations, Secretariat of theInternational Strategy for Disaster Reduction

International Environment House II

7-9 Chemin de BalexertCH-1219 Châtelaine, Geneva 10

SwitzerlandTel: +41 22 917 84 52Fax: +41 22 917 8964

[email protected]

Kiki Rebeca, Respuesta a Crisis Human It Arias

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