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johnthescone

The IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy

Sources and Climate Change Mitigation

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Demand for energy services is increasing.

GHG emissions resulting from the provision of energy services contributesignificantly to the increase in atmospheric GHG concentrations.

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Potential emissions from remaining fossil resources couldresult in GHG concentration levels far above 600ppm.

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The current global energy systemis dominated by fossil fuels.

Shares of energy sources in total global primary energy supply in 2008

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RE growth has been increasing rapidly in recent years.

140 GW of new RE powerplant capacity was built in2008-2009.

This equals 47% of allpower plants built during

that period.

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The technical potential of renewable energy technologies

to supply energy services exceeds current demands.

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RE costs are still higher than existing energy prices,but in various settings RE is already competitive.

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RE costs are still higher than existing energy prices,but in various settings RE is already competitive.

Binary cycle plant

Domestic pellet heating system

Palm oil biodiesel

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RE costs are still higher than existing energy prices,but in various settings RE is already competitive.

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Technical Advancements: For instance growth in sizeof typical commercial wind turbines.

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RE costs have declined in the past and further declinescan be expected in the future.

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Integration characteristics for a selection

of RE electricity generation technologies

* Assuming CSP system with 6 hours of thermal storage in US Southwest.

** In areas with Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI) > 2,000 kWh/m2/yr (7,200 MJ/m2/yr)

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Capacity credit is an indicator for the reliability of ageneration type to be available during peak demand hours.

If a type of generation has a low capacity credit,the available output tends to be low during high demand periods.

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Few, if any, fundamental technical limits exist to the

integration of a majority share of RE,but advancements in several areas are needed.

Transmission and distribution infrastructure

Generation flexibility

Energy storage technologies

Demand side management

Improved forecasting and operational planning methods

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An integrated RE-based energy plant in Lillestrm,Norway, supplying commercial and domestic buildings

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Lifecycle GHG emissions of RE technologies are, in general,considerably lower than those of fossil fuel options.

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GHG emissions from modern bioenergy chains compared tofossil fuel energy systems, excluding land-use change effects.

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RE deployment increases in scenarios with lowergreenhouse gas concentration stabilization levels.

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Global RE primary energy supply from 164 long-termscenarios versus fossil and industrial CO2 emissions.

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RE-specific policies and RE targets2011