INGLÉS

Passive simpleNon-defining clausesReading and writting

Passive simple• Generalmente, cuando creamos oraciones comenzamos con el sujeto y luego

con el objeto. Sin embargo, otra manera de decirlo es el passive simple, en que mencionamos primero el objeto, luego la acción y finalmente la persona

• Ejemplo: My mother drew a horse yesterday (Mi madre dibujó un caballo ayer)• En passive simple sería A horse was drawn by my mother yesterday (Un caballo fue dibujado por mi madre ayer)

• Si nos fijamos, es diferente del pasado simple, porque no ocupamos los verbos en pasado como drew, ate, played si no que pasan al participle, como drawn. eaten, grew,etc. Los participle son algo así como los verbos que terminan en “ado” o “ido” en español (vencido, comido, nadado, etc)

Los verbos en pasado y participle

• Al escribir en passive simple usaremos el past o pasado participle. (Desgraciadamente) estos verbos no tienen nada que indiquen cuando son regulares (terminan en ed-, d o –ied) o irregulares (son diferentes que el presente, como go y gone, su participle)

Ejemplo:play : pasado: played; participle: played regulardo: pasado: did ; participle: done - irregular

• Los verbos irregulares mas comunes son:

Lista de verbos irregularesEspañol Verbo Past Past participle

estar/ ser be was o were been

comprar buy bought bought

poder can could could o been able

hacer do did done

comer eat ate eaten

caer fall fell fallen

encontrar find found found

obtener, conseguir get got got

ir go went gone

tener have had had

cantar sing sang sung

correr run ran ran

contar(decir) tell told told

Ej: hacer hago,hace,hacen hice,hizo,hicieron hecho

Non-defining clauses• who whose which whereSe utilizan para reemplazar el objeto o la persona, o para preguntar.Who = quien

That teacher is the one who hates me.Ese profesor es quien me odia. (no se usa “que” )

Whose = cuyo, cuyaTom is the boy whose toy is brokenTom es el niño cuyo juguete esta roto

Which = el cual, la cual, queThat is the TV which I wanted to buy.Esa es la TV la cual quería comprar

Where = donde Paris is where I want to live. Paris es donde yo quiero vivir.

EJERCICIOS(respuestas al final)

EJERCICIOS1. Change the following sentences into present passivea) Peter writes a book every three years.b) The detective examines the crime scene.c) The chef cooks an apple pie.d) Joanne eats turkey every christmas.

2. Complete the sentences with relative clausesa) The doctor is ______ cures sick people.b) There is a chess team _______ won three times.c) There is an old house _______ you can hear voices.d) There is a gym _______ you can work out.e) We have a new computer ________ is the fastest.f) That is the girl _________ mother is sick.g) That is the man __________ car is not working

EJERCICIOS 3. Read and answer the questions. Elvis is not dead• I saw him a few weeks ago on the market and he told me he was kidnapped by some aliens, who took him to

their planet. But they did some weird stuff with his brain (but I couldn't understand what) and now he forgot most of it. But he managed to escape and now he's back on earth! The problem was that nobody recognized him (he looked like a tramp and smelled a bit) and that he had no money. That's why he asked me to take a shower at my home (Elvis Presley took a shower at my place! What an honour!) and to give him some money to buy an airplane ticket to return to the States. BTW did you know that a ticket from Belgium to New York is worth 2000$ ?

• That's a lot of money, but he assured me that he would repay me back including a "small" reward (he wasn't very clear about this, but I understood 10% of all his money) and he would let me stay at his place. And then he went away with the money, and from then on he didn't contact me. But my waiting won't be long, as he said he would send the money quick.

• Elvis Presley is not dead, he was kidnapped by aliens and he took a shower at my place!

• a) What do mean the following words in the text: kidnapped, managed, repay and reward? (in spanish)

• b) Why nobody recogniced Elvis? use participle words as you can.• c) Where did Elvis travel to?• d) What did Elvis promise?• e) Why the guy helped Elvis?

ANSWERS1.a) Every three years a book is witten by Peter.b) The crime scene is examined by the detecive.c) An apple pie is cooked by a chef.d) A turkey is eaten by Joanne every Christmas 2.a) The doctor is who cures sick people.b) There is a chess team which won three times.c) There is an old house where you can hear voices.d) There is a gym where you can work out.e) We have a new computer which is the fastest.f) That is the girl whose mother is sick.g) That is the man whose car is not working

3a) kidnapped = secuestrado, managed= (se las ) arreglo,repay= volver a pagar, devolver el dinero , reward= recompensa

b) Why nobody recogniced Elvis? use participle words as you can.Because he was kidnapped, his money was robbed and his clothes were dirty.

c) Where did Elvis travel to?He travelled to New York

d) What did Elvis promise?The guy was going to be paid. He was going to receive a reward. He was going to sleep at Elvis’place

e) Why the guy helped Elvis?Because he really thought that the guy was Elvis and probably he wanted the money or he wanted tobe famous.