HTML - Teoría

23
 Dspov]ot} Kivhup Aignuino $D]KA#

description

Teoría HTML

Transcript of HTML - Teoría

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 1/23

 

Dspov]ot}Kivhup

Aignuino

$D]KA#

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 2/23

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 3/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

LBKPBGOG]O\ MO AI\ PÉNCGI\ ^OF

Bfjo}cub| :

Ai péncgi i lvoiv di mo |ov i}vil}ci pivi oa u|uivcb s gb| di mo aaoiv ib}vi| péncgi| $di mo }ogov acgh|#'

Pivi yuo |o lukpai oa pvckovb mo ab| bfjo}cb|! ugi péncgi ~of di mocglaucv! ia kogb|! lui}vb b lcglb mo ab| |cnucog}o| oaokog}b|:

9# ]ot}b'+ lbkpbgog}o pvckivcb mo }bmi péncgi' Pbmokb| mc|}cgnucv mb|}cpb| mo }ot}b:

i' Gbvkia: o| oa yuo gb| bevolo cgebvkilcüg' f' Dcpovëgluab: }ot}b yuo gb| aaoi i b}vi| péncgi|' O|}o }ot}b

ipivolo |ufvisimb s likfci mo lbabv luigmb o| b gb c|c}imb'Oa lbabv ab pbmokb| moecgcv lbg cg|}vullcbgo| D]KA'

6# Kivyo|cgi|'+ }ot}b igckimb yuo puomo mo|paiziv|o og mceovog}o||og}cmb| s i mceovog}o| oablcmimo|'

<# Ckénogo|'+ eb}b|! mcfujb|!''' ]ikfcãg puomog |ov dcpovëgluab|' Ogluig}b i ai| ckénogo| }ogokb| yuo lbkog}iv yuo dig mo |ov mo ug}ikiùb poyuoùb pivi i|ë mivao kisbv oablcmim i ai péncgi' Otc|}ogmceovog}o| ebvki}b| mo ckénogo|:

i' 'FKPf' 'NCEl' 'JPON b JPNm' 'PGN

=# Clbgb| igckimb|'+ poyuoùi| |oluoglci| mo cmob moa }ikiùb mo ugclbgb yuo |o vopc}og lbg}cguikog}o' Og o|}b| clbgb| |o puomo nuivmiv|bgcmb o ckinog s gb golo|c}ig mo ug pvbnviki ot}ovgb o|polcia pivipbmov vopvbmulcvab|'

Oj'+ liv}i yuo |o cg}vbmulo og ug |bfvo lbg}cguikog}o pivi cgmclivgb|yuo o| ug acgh pivi ogciv ug o+kica'

?# \bgcmb'+ koabmëi mo ebgmb! lacp ku|clia!''' Mofcmb i |u nvig }ikiùb!}ogmvokb| yuo }ogov lucmimb i ai dbvi mo cg}vbmulcvab| og ai péncgi iacnuia yuo dokb| lbkog}imb lbg ai| ckénogo|'

5# Uëmob'+ |oluoglci mo ckénogo| voailcbgimi| yuo gb| mig ai |og|ilcügmo lbg}cgucmim' Puomog }ogov b gb |bgcmb' \o illomo i oaab| i }viã| moogailo| $vopvo|og}imb| pbv clbgb|#' \bg mo }ikiùb oaoimb pbv ab yuo|o |uoaog pvo|og}iv og }ikiùb c|uia vomulcmb' Otc|}og mceovog}o|ebvki}b| pivi ab| cmob|:

i' IUCf' KBUl' KPON

<

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 4/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

D]KA

Cg}vbmllcügCg}vbmllcüg

Moecgclcüg 

Aognuijo mo Kivlilcüg mo Dcpov}ot}b

KIVLILCÜG: u}caczi o}cyuo}i| b kivli| yuo cglaucvokb| jug}b ia }ot}bs yuo gb| cgmclig ai ebvki og yuo |o ig i c|uiacziv ab| mi}b| i}viã| moa gionimbv'Oj'+ 1F7 piaifvi 1"F7  piaifvi

DCPOV]OT]B: pbmokb| lvoiv ëgluab| b ogailo|' O|}b| ogailo|puomog |ov }ig}b i }ot}b lbkb i ckénogo| s i cmob|'

Livil}ovë|}cli|:

Eélca mo ipacliv s mo volbvmiv' Eilcacmim pivi lbkfcgiv bfjo}b| mo mceovog}o gi}uviaozi

$K_A]CKOMCI# s pbmov cg}ovvoailcbgivab|' O|}é ebvkimb pbv }ot}b! cg|}vullcbgo| s o}cyuo}i|' O| ug |ckpao ecldovb mo }ot}b $ebvkimb pbv livil}ovo| I\LCC#' Pbv ab

}ig}b pbmvokb| o|lvcfcvab lbg oa OMC] $K\+MB\#! lbg oa Fabl mo Gb}i|$^CGMB^\#'

Pbmokb| o|polcecliv oa }ikiùb mo ai ao}vi! ai euog}o! oa o|}cab! oa

lbabv!''' lbg |ckpao| cg|}vullcbgo| otpaëlc}i| s |oglcaai|'

Uog}iji|:

Ab| mblukog}b| |bg fvoo| s pbv ab }ig}b ai }vig|eovoglci |ovévépcmi'

\bg cgmopogmcog}o| mo ai pai}iebvki8 pbv ab }ig}b pbmvég ov|o ogluiayucov pai}iebvki'

O| ug aognuijo |oglcaab mo ipvogmov! lbg pbli| o}cyuo}i| s mo eélcakigojb'

O|}vl}vi fé|cli mo g mblkog}b D]KAO|}vl}vi fé|cli mo g mblkog}b D]KA

Otc|}og mb| }cpb| mo o}cyuo}i|:

9' Ifcov}i| : |üab dis 9 o}cyuo}i' \o cg}vbmulog ab| oaokog}b| yuo gbieol}ig mcvol}ikog}o ia ebvki}b moa }ot}b' Oj'+ 1CKN7

6' Lovvimi| : }cogog ugi o}cyuo}i pivi ifvcv s b}vi pivi lovviv yuolbkpao}i ai bvmog'Oj' 1D]KA71"D]KA7

=

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 5/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

O|}vl}vi fé|cli mo gi péncgi:

1D]KA7 Cgclcb moa mblukog}b'+ cgmcli ia gionimbv yuo i i aoov ugmblukog}b og D]KA1DOIM7 Cgclcb mo ai lifolovi'+ |u lbg}ogcmb gb |o kuo|}vi ia u|uivcb1"DOIM7 Ecgia mo ai lifolovi

1FBMS7 Cgclcb moa luovpb moa mblukog}b'+ lbg}cogo }ot}b! ckénogo|! acgh|!lbvvob!'''1"FBMS7 Ecgia moa luovpb moa mblukog}b1"D]KA7 Ecgia moa mblukog}b

Ia ecgia moa luovpb o| ckpbv}ig}o cglaucv oa lbkigmb1IMMVO\\7'''''1"IMMVO\\7' Mog}vb! o|lvcfcvokb| oa gbkfvo moa iu}bv moamblukog}b! ai bvnigczilcüg i ai yuo pov}ogolo! |u mcvollcüg mo lbvvoboaol}vügclb s b}vi cgebvkilcüg voaoig}o'

Ai ot}og|cüg mo ab| mblukog}b| D]KA o| 'D]K b 'D]KA

LifoloviLifolovi

Imkc}o ai| o}cyuo}i|:

O}cyo}i| mo lbkpi}cfcacmim: 1KO]I7 s 1MBL]SPO7

Mb| |bg ai| pvcglcpiao| o}cyuo}i| yuo lbg}vcfusog i mb}iv ia |c}cb mo uglbvvol}b i|pol}b ebvkia s yuo! iúg gb |cogmb bfacni}bvci|! o| ia kogb|

golo|ivcb lbgblov pivi pbmov cg}ovpvo}iv |u |cngceclimb'Ai pvckovi o| ai o}cyuo}i KO]I D]]P+OY_CU;‛Lbg}og}+]spo‛! lusiecgiacmim o| |baulcbgiv oa pvbfaoki movcimb mo ai mc|pivcmim mo livil}ovo|o cmcbki| og ab| yuo |o puomo oaifbviv ugi péncgi ~of'

Oa pvbfaoki vo|cmo og yuo ugi péncgi ~of puomo o|}iv oaifbvimi og ugcmcbki s |ov |baclc}imi pbv ug gionimbv mo|mo luiayucov pug}b moa kugmb slbg ug cmcbki mc|}cg}b! ab yuo lbg evoluoglci ckpcmo yuo mcldb gionimbvpuomi cg}ovpvo}iv lbvvol}ikog}o }bmb| ab| livil}ovo| yuo lbkpbgog ai~of'

_g ojokpab laivb o| oa livél}ov ‑ù‛' \uvno i|ë ai golo|cmim mo mb}iv mo ugo|}égmiv i }bmb| ab| mblukog}b| D]KA! yuo povkc}i cgmcliv ia gionimbvyuã lbgjug}b mo livil}ovo| mofo u}cacziv pivi pvo|og}iv ai| péncgi|' O|}opi}vüg cogo mimb pbv ai ko}io}cyuo}i:

1KO]I D]]P+OY_CU;‛Lbg}og}+]spo‛LBG]OG];‛}ot}"d}ka8ldiv|o};livil}ovo| i |iv‛7

Mbgmo oa i}vcfu}b ldiv|o} ecjivé oa lbgjug}b mo livil}ovo| mo ai péncgi' Oagionimbv ia volcfcv ai péncgi bf}cogo og ai lifolovi o|}i ko}io}cyuo}i s|baclc}i ia |c|}oki bpovi}cb yuo livnuo ab| livil}ovo| golo|ivcb| pivi

pbmov pvo|og}iv ai péncgi }ia s lbkb |o lvoü'

?

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 6/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

Pivi ai| péncgi| oaifbvimi| og li|}oaaigb |o mofové u|iv oa lbgjug}b molivil}ovo| C\B 44?3+9! }ikfcãg mogbkcgimb Ai}cg9! yuo cglauso ai| ao}vi|ilog}uimi| s ai ao}vi ù! }ig}b og kisú|luai| lbkb og kcgú|luai|' Aiko}io}cyuo}i i cglaucv |ové og}bglo|:

1KO]I D]]P+OY_CU;‛Lbg}og}+]spo‛LBG]OG];‛}ot}"d}ka8ldiv|o};C\B+44?3+9‛7

Pbv ua}ckb! cgmcliv yuo o|}i o}cyuo}i mofo |c}iv|o og}vo oa 1DOIM7 s1]C]AO7'

Ai |onugmi ko}io}cyuo}i i mo|}iliv o| MBL]SPO! povkc}o lukpacv lbg ai|volbkogmilcbgo| moa ^<L og ai| yuo |o cgmcli ai golo|cmim mo yuo |omolaivo oa }cpb mo mblukog}b s og ai ov|cüg mo D]KA u}caczimi! eilcac}igmbmo o|}i ebvki ai lbkpi}cfcacmim s illo|cfcacmim i ab| gionimbvo|'

Oa }ot}b mo ai molaivilcüg mofo lbabliv|o ia pvcglcpcb moa mblkog}b!

og ai |ollcüg mo pvolifolovi! ig}o| mo ai o}cyuo}i 1D]KA7! mo ebvki yuo|oi ab pvckovb yuo volcfo oa gionimbv lacog}o ia |baclc}iv ugi péncgi ~of'

Og D]KA! i}ogmcogmb i ai| volbkogmilcbgo| moa lbg|bvlcb ^<L! o| pb|cfaoo|}ifaolov }vo| }cpb| mceovog}o| mo mblukog}b|:

\}vcl}: oa mblukog}b mofo o|}iv oaifbvimb mo ugi ebvki o|}vcl}ilbgebvko i ai| vonai| moa o|}égmiv D]KA ipvbfimi| pbv ai ^<L pivilimi ov|cüg mo D]KA' Ai o}cyuo}i pivi o|}ifaolov o|}o }cpb momblukog}b o| ai |cnucog}o:

1)MBL]SPO D]KA P_FACL ‑+""^<L"" M]M D]KA ='09""OG‛7

Oa cglbgogcog}o mo o|}o }cpb mo moecgclcüg o| yuo ab| gionimbvo|ig}cnub| puomog gb imkc}cvai s yuo |u vcncmoz gb povkc}o ovvbvo| molümcnb og ai oaifbvilcüg mo ai péncgi ~of'

]vig|c}cbgia: o| ai molaivilcüg u}caczimi lbg kisbv evoluoglci! lbgoaai imoké| mo cglaucv ab| oaokog}b| s i}vcfu}b| moa D]KA o|}vcl}b! |ocglbvpbvig b}vb| oaokog}b| gb ilop}imb| pbv oa lbg|bvlcb ^<L s |omc|pbgo mo ké| eaotcfcacmim i ai dbvi mo o|lvcfcv oa lümcnb' Aimolaivilcüg mo o|}o }cpb mo mblukog}b |o lbg|cnuo komcig}o ai|cnucog}o o}cyuo}i:

1)MBL]SPO D]KA P_FACL ‑+""^<L""M]M D]KA ='09]vig|c}cbgia""OG‛7

Eviko|o}: o| ai molaivilcüg mo mblukog}b i u}cacziv luigmb aipéncgi u}caczi kivlb| b eviko|' Ai molaivilcüg |o o|}ifaolo moa|cnucog}o kbmb:

1)MBL]SPO D]KA P_FACL ‑+""^<L""M]M D]KA ='09Eviko|o}""OG‛7

5

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 7/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

O}cyo}i| mo pvbkblcüg: 1KO]I7

Oa bfjo}cb úa}ckb mo ugi péncgi ~of o| |ov c|c}imi! s pivi abnvivab mofo|ov lbgblcmi! ianb ot}vokimikog}o lbkpaclimb mo lbg|onucv mofcmb i ailig}cmim mo |c}cb| ~of og ai vom' Ab| u|uivcb| mo Cg}ovgo} og |u fú|yuomi mocgebvkilcüg u}caczig fu|limbvo| s mcvol}bvcb|! o| difc}uia yuo lbg|ua}og |babai| péncgi| yuo blupig ai| pvckovi| pb|clcbgo|' O| pbv }ig}b ug doldb yuoo|}b| fu|limbvo| s mcvol}bvcb| |bg ai pvcglcpia euog}o mo c|c}i| mo ugi ~of!s yuo ai pb|clcüg yuo ugi péncgi blupi mog}vb mo oaab| o| laio pivilbg|onucv c|c}i|'

Ab| mo|ivvbaaimbvo| |o dig o|ebvzimb pvckovb og lbgblov oa euglcbgikcog}bmo ab| fu|limbvo| s vbfb}|! s pb|}ovcbvkog}o! mo|ivvbaaiv ug komcb moeilcac}iv oa cgmotimb mo |u| péncgi| og ai| fi|o| mo mi}b| mo mcldb|

fu|limbvo|' \uvnog i|ë ugi |ovco mo ko}i}in| og}vo ai| yuo mo|}ilig ai||cnucog}o|:

KO]I GIKO;‛Hos~bvm|‛! bevolo i ab| fu|limbvo| piaifvi| laio$hos~bvm|# moa lbg}ogcmb mo ai péncgi' \u |cg}itc| lbkpao}i o|:

1KO]I GIKO;‛hos~bvm|‛ LBG]OG];‛piaifvi9! piaifvi6!piaifvi<‥‛7

KO]I GIKO;‛mo|lvcp}cbg‛! povkc}o o|}ifaolov ugi mo|lvcplcüg nogovias lbglc|i mo ai péncgi! lbkb gbvki nogovia |o volbkcogmi u}cacziv ai|piaifvi| yuo ipivolog og ai| ko}i}in| Hos~bvm| s gb u}cacziv ké| mo 6??livil}ovo|' Ai |cg}itc| o|:

1KO]I GIKO;‛mo|lvcp}cbg‛ LBG]OG];‛]ot}b yo ebvki aimo|lvcplcüg moa |c}cb ~of‥‛7

D]]P+OY_CU ; ‑VOEVO\D‛

Voiaczi ug likfcb mo péncgi iu}bké}clb'

Oj9'+ 1KO]I d}}p+oycu;‛Voevo|d‛ lbg}og} ;

‑9?8va;d}}p:""~~~'if'o|‛7Pi|imb| 9? |ongmb| |o livni mo kigovi i}bké}cli ai péncgi~~~'if'o|'

1]C]AO7'''1"]C]AO7

O| ai ké| evoluog}o s ai ké| ckpbv}ig}o' \cvo pivi pbgovao }ë}uab iamblukog}b' O|}o }ë}uab o| oa yuo ipivolo og ai fivvi moa gionimbv'

1ACGH7

>

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 8/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

Ab| gionimbvo| povkc}og cglaucv }ig}b og ai fivvi mo gionilcüg lbkb ogab| ac|}imb| mo pvoeovcmb| ug clbgb $'clb#' Oa ecldovb moa clbgb mofové }ogovugi| mckog|cbgo| mo 95t95'

Oj'+ 1ACGH voa;&|dbv}lu} clbg& dvoe;&eiclbg'clb&7

O| fuogb u}cacziv oa gbkfvo mo eiuclbg'clb pivi oa clbgb! si yuo kuldb|gionimbvo| ab mo|livnig s ab pbgog og ai fivvi mo gionilcüg |cggolo|cmim mo cglaucv oa lümcnb D]KA og ai| péncgi|'

1FI\O7

Cgmcli ai abliaczilcüg mo ab| ecldovb|! nvéeclb|! |bgcmb|!'' i ab| yuo |o dilovoeovoglci og ai péncgi' \c gb |o cglauso! oa c|uiaczimbv og}cogmo yuo ab|oaokog}b| |o ogluog}vig og oa kc|kb |c}cb yuo ai péncgi ~of'

Oj'+ 1DOIM7

1FI\O dvoe;‛d}}p:""~~~'kc~of'o|"ckin"‛71"DOIM7

LovpbLovpb

Ai o}cyuo}i 1FBMS7' Imkc}o ab| |cnucog}o| pivéko}vb|:

filhnvbgm ; &gbkfvo ecldovb nvéeclb&' + |cvo pivi moecgcv aickinog mo ebgmb moa mblukog}b' \c ai ckinog o| ké| poyuoùi yuo aipig}iaai! ã|}i |o vopvbmulcvé |ulo|ci| olo| di|}i lbkpao}iv }bmb oaebgmb'

fnpvbpov}co| ; ECTOM'+ oa nvéeclb mo ebgmb povkigolo ecjb iugyuou|okb| ai fivvi mo |lvbaa' fnlbabv ; &lümcnb lbabv&' + |cvo pivi moecgcv oa lbabv mo ebgmb moa

mblukog}b' Pbv moeol}b o| cnuia i faiglb' \c otc|}o ugi ckinog! |ocngbvi oa lbabv mo ebgmb'

}ot} ; &lümcnb lbabv&' + moecgo oa lbabv moa }ot}b' Pbv moeol}b o|cnuia i gonvb'

aoe}kivncg " vcnd}kivncg " }bpkivncg " fb}}bkkivncg ;&gúkovb&' + moecgog oa kivnog czyucovmb! oa movoldb s oa |upovcbvvo|pol}cikog}o'

kivncgdocnd} " kivncg~cm}d ; &gúkovb&' + moecgog oa ia}b mo

kivnog s oa igldb vo|pol}cikog}o' acgh ; &lümcnb lbabv&' + moecgo oa lbabv moa ogailo' Pbv moeol}b o|cnuia i izua'

uacgh ; &lümcnb lbabv&' + moecgo oa lbabv moa ogailo c|c}imb' Pbvmoeol}b o| cnuia i izua b|luvb'

iacgh ; &lümcnb lbabv&' + moecgo oa lbabv moa ogailo yuo gb| miillo|b i acgh| mog}vb mo ai kc|ki péncgi' Pbv moeol}b o| cnuia i vbjbb|luvb'

Oj'+ 1FBMS filhnvbugm;&lcoab'nce& fnlbabv;&lsig& }ot};&vom&acgh;&,0000??& acgh;&nvoog& iacgh;&,EE0099&7

Oglifozimb|

4

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 9/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

Mccmog |ollcbgo| mog}vb mo ugi kc|ki péncgi' Pvbmulog mo ebvkiiu}bké}cli ug |ia}b mo aëgoi' Ilop}ig oa pivéko}vb iacng $log}ov " vcnd} "aoe}#'

1D97''''''''''''1"D97 ( CKPBV]IG]O1D67''''''''''''1"D671D<7''''''''''''1"D<71D=7''''''''''''1"D=71D?7''''''''''''1"D?71D57''''''''''''1"D57 + CKPBV]IG]O

3

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 10/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

Pévvieb|

1P7'+ cgmcli oa cgclcb mo ug pévvieb' Ig}opbgo ug |ia}b mo aëgoi lbg vo|pol}bi ab ig}ovcbv' Iùimo ugi aëgoi og faiglb' \c |o u}caczi lbkb o}cyuo}i lovvimi

cgmcli ab| i}vcfu}b| mo ug pévvieb lbglvo}b' Pivi o|}o li|b }cogo oapivéko}vb Iacng $aoe} " vcnd} " log}ov " j|}ces# yuo cgmcli lbkb ju|}ceclivoa pévvieb'

1FV7' + |ia}b mo aëgoi'

1DV7' + |ia}b mo pévvieb s mcfuji ugi aëgoi' ]cogo ab| |cnucog}o| i}vcfu}b|: Iacng ; pb|clcüg $aoe} " log}ov " vcnd}# Gb|dimo'+ mcfuji ugi aëgoi |cg |bkfvi \czo ; uiabv'+ moecgo oa nvb|bv mo ai aëgoi ^cm}d " docnd} ; gúkovb " /' + moecgog oa ia}b s oa igldb mo ai

aëgoi Lbabv ; &lümcnb lbabv&' + moecgo oa lbabv mo ai aëgoi

1LOG]OV7''''1"LOG]OV7'+ log}vi }ot}b! ckénogo|!''' og ai péncgi'

1)+ +]ot}b og lbkog}ivcb| ++7'+ |cvo pivi cg|ov}iv lbkog}ivcb|' Gb |ovégc|cfao| og oa gionimbv'

1PVO7''''''1"PVO7'+ |cvo pivi yuo D]KA vo|po}o }ifuailcbgo|! vo}bvgb|mo livvb! o|pilcimb| og}vo piaifvi s"b livil}ovo| si yuo pbv moeol}b! D]KA|üab volbgblo ug o|pilcb og}vo piaifvi s piaifvi' O|}i o}cyuo}i dilo yuo |okuo|}vo oa }ot}b pbv oa gionimbv }ia s lbkb ab o|lvcfckb|' O|}i o}cyuo}i

}cogo oa pivéko}vb ^cm}d yuo |o u|i pivi cgmcliv oa }ikiùb kétckb molimi aëgoi moa }ot}b pvoebvki}oimb $gb }bmb| ab| gionimbvo| ab cg}ovpvo}iglbvvol}ikog}o#'

I}vcf}b| moa }ot}b

1F7'''1"F7  Gonvc}i

1C7''''1"C7  Luv|ci

1]]7'''1"]]7  ]cpb kéyucgi mo o|lvcfcv

1_7'''1"_7  \ufvisimb

1\7''''1"\7  ]ildimb

1\KIAA7''''1"\KIAA7   Poyuoùb

1FCN7''''''1"FCN7  Nvigmo

1\_P7''''1"\_P7  \upovëgmclo

1\_F7''''1"\_F7  \ufëgmclo

90

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 11/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

1EBG]7''''1"EBG]7'+ o|}i o}cyuo}i }cogo ab| |cnucog}o| pivéko}vb|:

\czo ; ("+ uiabv'+ moecgo oa }ikiùb \czo ; uiabv'+ moecgo oa }ikiùb Lbabv ; &lümcnb lbabv&' + moecgo oa lbabv mo ai euog}o

Eilo ; &}cpb mo eog}o&' + moecgo oa o|}cab mo euog}o

Oj'+ 1EBG] |czo;96 $|czo;(<# lbabv;&,96MM55&eilo;&Ivcia&7]ot}b1"EBG]7

Ac|}i| mo oaokog}b|Ac|}i| mo oaokog}b|

Otc|}og ivcb| }cpb| mo ac|}i|:

Gukovimi| u bvmogimi| \cg bvmog ecjb b lbg cùo}i| Mo moecgclcüg

Ac|}i| gkovimi| bvmogimi|

Ab| oaokog}b| yuo ai ebvkig |o |ulomog og ug bvmog aünclb s |o pvo|og}iggukovimi| |cnucogmb o|}o bvmog' \o u}caczi ai o}cyuo}i 1BA7''''1"BA7 pivimoecgcv oa }cpb mo ac|}i s ai o}cyuo}i 1AC7 pivi vopvo|og}iv i ab| oaokog}b|yuo ai ebvkig'

Pivéko}vb| mo ai o}cyuo}i 1BA7:

\}iv} ; Cgmcli oa gúkovb pvckovb mo ai ac|}i' Pbv moeol}b o| cnuia i 9' ]spo ;  ]cpb mo gukovilcüg $9$gukãvcli#! i$ao}vi| kcgú|luai|: i! f'

l#! I$ao}vi| kisú|luai|: I! F! L#! c$gúkovb| vbkigb| kcgú|luai|: c! cc!ccc#! C$gúkovb| vbkigb| kisú|luai|: C! CC! CCC##'

Oj'+ 1BA }spo ; I71AC7 O|piùi I' O|piùi1AC7 C}iaci F' C}iaci1AC7 Nvolci L' Nvolci

1"BA7

Ac|}i| |cg bvmog ecjb b lbg ucùo}i|

Oa bvmog mopogmo moa bvmog yuo ao mokb| gb|b}vb|' Ab| oaokog}b| |ovopvo|og}ig lbg ugi kivli yuo ab| ig}olomo' \o u}caczi ai o}cyuo}i1_A7''''1"_A7 pivi moecgcv oa }cpb mo ac|}i s ai o}cyuo}i 1AC7 pivivopvo|og}iv i ab| oaokog}b| yuo ai ebvkig'

Pivéko}vb| mo ai o}cyuo}i 1_A7:

]spo ; ]cpb mo kivli $mc|h$pug}b#! lcvlao$lëvluab#!

|yuivo$luimvimb##'

99

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 12/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

Ac|}i| mo moecgclcüg

Moecgo ugi ac|}i mo moecgclcüg mo }ãvkcgb|' \o u}caczi ai o}cyuo}i1MA7''''1"MA7 pivi moecgcv oa }cpb mo ac|}i! ai o}cyuo}i 1M]7 pivi

vopvo|og}iv oa }ãvkcgb s ai o}cyuo}i 1MM7 pivi vopvo|og}iv ai moecgclcüg'

Ckénogo|Ckénogo|

Ai o}cyuo}i yuo u}caczikb| pivi cg|ov}iv ckénogo| o| 1CKN7' Pivéko}vb|mo o|}i o}cyuo}i:

\vl ; ‑gbkfvo ecldovb ckinog‛ Ia} ; ‑}ot}b‛'+ o| oa }ot}b ia}ovgi}cb mo ai| ckénogo|! yuo |o

kuo|}vi luigmb ai ckinog gb o|}é mc|pbgcfao b pivi nivig}cziv |uillo|cfcacmim' O| ugi o}cyuo}i BFACNI]BVCI og ai| ckénogo|'

 ]ikfcãg euglcbgi lbkb }bba}cp og Cg}ovgo} Otpabvov' ]c}ao ; ‑}ot}b‛'+ Mo|lvcplcüg okovnog}o $}bba}cp# yuo ipivolo ia

pb|clcbgivgb| |bfvo ai ckinog b ogailo' Euglcbgi og }bmb| ab|gionimbvo|'

Ab~|vl ; ‑ckinog‛'+ kuo|}vi ugi |onugmi ckinog |upovpuo|}i|bfvo ai pvckovi ugi oz |o livni ai péncgi' O|}o pivéko}vb gb o|volbgblcmb og ai }b}iacmim mo gionimbvo|'

Iacng ; ‑}bp " kcmmao " fb}}bk " aoe} " vcnd} " }ot}}bp " if|kcmmao "if|fb}}bk " fi|oacgo‑ '+ iacgoilcüg moa }ot}b vo|pol}b mo ai ckinog'

Fbvmov ; ‑gúkovb‛ '+ nvb|bv moa fbvmo yuo vbmoi ai ckinog' Docnd} " ~cm}d ; ‑gúkovb‛'+ ia}b s igldb mo ai ckinog' U|pilo " d|pilo ; ‑gúkovb‛'+ kivnog ov}clia " dbvczbg}ia og}vo ai

ckinog s oa }ot}b'

Oj'+ Ogëo 1CKN |vl; ‑fuzbg'nce‛ ia};‑ckinog mo ug fuzüg‛ iacng;}bpfbvmov;6 docnd};9?0 ~cm}d;=00 |pilo;60 d|pilo;<07 |unovoglci|'

Ogëo |unovoglci|

Ckénogo| s uëglab|

Pivi yuo ugi ckinog |oi ug ëgluab u|ivokb| ai o}cyuo}i 1I7'''' 1"I7' Oalbg}ogcmb mo o|}i o}cyuo}i yuomivé kivlimb pivi pbmov |ov u|imb lbkbogailo' Ia kogb|! di mo }ogov oa pivéko}vb DVOE yuo |ové cnuia i ai péncgimbgmo ipug}i oa ogailo'

Oj'+ 1I dvoe ; ‑ëgmclo'd}ka‛7 1CKN |vl;‛i}vé|'nce‛7 1"I7

96

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 13/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

Dcpovogailo|Dcp

 

ovogailo|

Oaokog}b mo ai péncgi yuo dilo yuo oa gionimbv illomi i b}vb voluv|b!

b}vi péncgi! b}vb ivldcb! b}vi mcvollcüg!''' Pivi cglaucv ug dcpovogailou}caczivokb| ai o}cyuo}i 1I7''''1"I7'

Pivéko}vb| mo o|}i o}cyuo}i:

Gbkfvo ; ‛gbkfvo moa ogailo‛ dvoe ; ‑péncgi! mcvollcüg'''‛

 ]bmb }ot}b b ckinog yuo |o ogluog}vo mog}vb mo o|}i o}cyuo}i o| ug ëgluab|og|cfao'

Oj'+ 1I dvoe ; d}}p:""~~~'kclvb|be}'lbk7 Pua|o pivi cv i péncgi moKclvb|be} 1"I7

]cpb| mo dcpovogailo|

Ai| mceovog}o| ipaclilcbgo| yuo }cogo o|}i o}cyuo}i |bg:

Uëgluab| mog}vb mo ai kc|ki péncgi

1I giko ; ‑ivvcfi‛ 7 cgclcb mo piv}o moecgcmi lbkb ‑ivvcfi‛' Pug}bmbgmo cv ia pua|iv eaoldi ivvcfi

''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''1"I7 ecgia mo piv}o moecgcmi lbkb ‑ivvcfi‛''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''1I dvoe ; ‛,ivvcfi‛7 1CKN |vl ; ‛eaoldi ivvcfi'nce‛7 1"I71I dvoe ; ‛,ifijb‛7 1CKN |vl ; ‛eaoldi ifijb'nce‛7 1"I7''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''1I giko ; ‑ifijb‛ 7 cgclcb mo piv}o moecgcmi lbkb ‑ifijb‛' Pug}b

mbgmo cv ia pua|iv eaoldi ifijb

''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''1"I7 ecgia mo piv}o moecgcmi lbkb ‑ifijb‛

Dcpovogailo i ug nvupb mo gb}clci| b i b}vb |ovclcb mo Cg}ovgo}'Povkc}o ivcb|: }oago}: $lbgotcüg og}vo kéyucgi| vokb}i|#! go~|:$gb}clci|#‥

Oj'+ 1I dvoe ; go~|:""go~|'il}uiacmim'o|"7 Gb}clci| 1"I7

Uëgluab| lbg b}vi| péncgi| mo ai kc|ki ipaclilcüg'

Oj'+ 1I dvoe ; ‑givigji'd}ka‛7 Givigji 1"I7

9<

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 14/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

Uëgluab| lbg b}vi| péncgi| mo b}vb| |ovclcb|' Ab| |ovcb| puomog |ov:d}}p:""! e}p:""! ecao:""'''

Oj'+ 1I dvoe ; d}}p:""~of"cgebvko|"evu}i'd}ka7 Cgebvko| 1"I7

Ogëb mo ug lbvvob oaol}vügclb i ugi mcvollcüg'Oj'+ 1I dvoe ; ‑kica}b:gbkfvo@db}kica'lbk‛7 |unovoglci| 1"I7

Pvbnviki yuo |o ojolu}o ia pcgldiv og oa ëgluab $ecldovb| zcp! oto'''#'\c oa gionimbv gb puomo ojolu}ivab|! gb| pvonug}i |c yuovokb|nuivmivab'

Oj'+ 1I dvoe ; ‑kiguia'zcp‛7 Pua|i pivi lbpciv 1"I7

]ifai|]ifai|

Povkc}og vopvo|og}iv luiayucov oaokog}b mo ai péncgi $}ot}b! ac|}i|!ckénogo|'''# og mceovog}o| ecai| s lbaukgi| |opivimi| og}vo |ë' O| ugidovvikcog}i ú}ca pivi bvmogiv lbg}ogcmb| mo mc|}cg}i| piv}o| mo guo|}vipéncgi' \o moecgo lbg ai o}cyuo}i 1]IFAO7'''''1"]IFAO7'

Pivéko}vb| mo o|}i o}cyuo}i:

Fbvmov ; gúkovb'+ igldb moa fbvmo yuo vbmoi i ai }ifai' Loaa|pilcgn ; gúkovb'+ o|pilcb og}vo loami|' Igldb mo ab| fbvmo|

mo ai }ifai' Loaapimmcgn ; gúkovb'+ o|pilcb og}vo oa fbvmo s oa lbg}ogcmb'

Ia}uvi mo ai| mceovog}o| li|caai| mo ai }ifai' ^cm}d " docnd} ; gúkovb " /'+ igldb s ia}b mo ai }ifai' Fnlbabv ; ‑lümcnb lbabv‛'+ lbabv mo ebgmb mo ai }ifai'

Oa }ë}uab mo ai }ifai ab pbmokb| moecgcv lbg ai o}cyuo}i1LIP]CBG7'''''1"LIP]CBG7 mog}vb mo ab| aëkc}o| mo ai o}cyuo}i1]IFAO7'

O}cyuo}i| pivi moecgcv ai| loami|:

1]D7''''1"]D7 '+ |cvo pivi moecgcv ai lifolovi' \u lbg}ogcmb o|}éog gonvc}i s i ug }ikiùb kisbv'

1]V7'''''1"]V7'+ |cvo pivi moecgcv ai| ecai|' 1]M7'''''1"]M7'+ |cvo pivi moecgcv ai| loami|'

Pivéko}vb| mo o|}i| o}cyuo}i|:

b iacng ; aoe} " log}ov " vcnd} " ju|}ces'+ iacgoi oa lbg}ogcmb mo ailoami'

b Uiacng ; }bp " kcmmao " fb}}bk '+ iacgoilcüg ov}clia'b

Vb~|pig ; gúkovb'+ gúkovb mo ecai| yuo blupi ugi loami'b Lba|pig ; gúkovb'+ gúkovb mo lbaukgi| yuo blupi ugi loami'b ^cm}d ; gúkovb " /

9=

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 15/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

b Fnlbabv ; ‑lümcnb lbabv‛

9?

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 16/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

Oj'+'

1]IFAO fbvmov;&9& fnlbabv;&,l0l0l0& ~cm}d;&<00&71]V7

1]D7Iackog}b|1"]D71]D7]cpb|1"]D71"]V71]V7

1]M vb~|pig;&6&7Aonukfvo|1"]M71]M7Aog}oji|1"]M71"]V71]V7

1]M7Jumëi|1"]M71"]V71]V7

1]M vb~|pig;&6&7Uovmuvi|1"]M71]M7Iloani|1"]M71"]V71]V7

1]M7O|pcgili|1"]M7

1"]V71]V71]M lba|pig;&6&71ckn |vl;&lbkcmi'nce&71"]M7

1"]V71"]IFAO7

Iackog}b| ]cpb|Aonukfvo| Aog}oji|

 Jumci|Uovmuvi| Iloani|

O|pcgili|

‑lbkcmi'nce‛

95

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 17/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

Eviko|Eviko|

 ]ãlgcli pivi |ufmccmcv ai pig}iaai moa c|uiaczimbv og mceovog}o| og}igi|lbg ai livil}ovë|}cli mo yuo limi ugi mo oaai| |o pbmvé kigcpuaiv pbv

|opivimb lbkb |c limi ugi euo|o ugi péncgi ^of' Ai o}cyuo}i EVIKO o|cglbkpi}cfao lbg ai o}cyuo}i FBMS '

Oj'+ kb|}viv povkigog}okog}o og ugi og}igi ab| mceovog}o| lbg}ogcmb| moguo|}vi péncgi s og b}vi kb|}viv oa lbg}ogcmb'

\c ai péncgi gb imkc}o eviko| }ogokb| ai o}cyuo}i 1GBEVIKO\7 yuomoackc}i ai pbvlcüg mo lümcnb D]KA yuo |ové cngbvimi pbv ab| gionimbvo|yuo ilop}ig eviko| s c|uiaczimi pbv ai| yuo gb ab| ilop}ig'

Pivi moecgcv ab| eviko| u}caczikb| ai o}cyuo}i1EVIKO\O]7''''''''1"EVIKO\O]7 mbgmo cgmclivokb| lükb |o i i

mccmcv ai pig}iaai pvcglcpia' Ab| pivéko}vb| mo o|}i o}cyuo}i |bg:

Vb~| ; ‑gúkovb " /‛' + moecgo oa gúkovb mo ecai| og ai yuo|ufmccmcvokb| ai pig}iaai'

Lba| ; ‑gúkovb " /‛' + moecgo oa gúkovb mo lbaukgi| og ai yuo|ufmccmcvokb| ai pig}iaai'

Fbvmov ; ‑gúkovb‛' + povkc}o moecgcv oa nvb|bv moa fbvmo' \c o| cnuiai 0 gb }ogokb| fbvmo|'

Fbvmovlbabv ; ‑lümcnb lbabv‛' + lbabv moa fbvmo'

Oj'+ 1EVIKO\O] lba| ; ‑6?/!*‛ vb~| ; ‑9?/!*‛ fbvmov ; ‑?‛ fbvmovlbabv ;

‑fauo‛7

Pivi cgmcliv ai| pvbpcomimo| mo limi ugi mo ai| |ufog}igi| golo|c}ivokb|ai o}cyuo}i 1EVIKO7' ]ogmvokb| ugi o}cyuo}i pivi limi |ufog}igi' Ab|pivéko}vb| mo o|}i o}cyuo}i |bg:

Giko ; ‑gbkfvo mo ai |ufog}igi‛'+ gbkfvo pbv oa yuo gb|voeovcvokb| i ai og}igi' \vl ; ‑gbkfvo péncgi' D]KA‛'+ ecldovb D]KA i livniv og o|i

og}igi' Kivncg~cm}d ; gúkovb'+ kivnog czyucovmb s movoldb $og pug}b|# Kivncgdocnd} ; gúkovb'+ kivnog |upovcbv o cgeovcbv $og pug}b|#' \lvbaacgn ; ‑so| " gb " iu}b‛'+ |o ipacli fivvi mo mo|paizikcog}b' Gbvo|czo'+ pivi yuo oa u|uivcb gb puomi vomckog|cbgiv ai|

|ufog}igi|' Fbvmov ; gúkovb

9>

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 18/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

Oj'+1D]KA71DOIM7 1]C]AO7 Péncgi lbg eviko| 1"]C]AO7 1"DOIM71EVIKO\O] vb~| ; ‑<?/!*‛71EVIKO\O] lba| ; ‑60/!*‛71EVIKO giko;‛abnb‛ |vl;‛abnb}cpb'D]KA‛ |lvbaacgn;iu}b71EVIKO giko;‛kogu‛ |vl;‛kogu'D]KA‛ |lvbaacgn;iu}b71"EVIKO\O]71EVIKO giko;‛lbg}ogcmb‛ |vl;‛cgclcb'D]KA‛ |lvbaacgn;iu}b71"EVIKO\O]71"D]KA7

ABNB]CPB KOGÚ

CGCLCB

Pvbfaoki'+ ia yuovov kb|}viv ugi péncgi mofokb| cgmcliv ia c|bv og yuã|ufog}igi yuovokb| yuo |o kuo|}vo' Pbv moeol}b! |o kb|}vivé og aiog}igi mbgmo |o ogluog}vo oa ogailo' Pivi pbmov oaoncv ai |ufog}igi momo|}cgb moa dcpovogailo |o iùimo ug pivéko}vb i ai o}cyuo}i 1I7' O|}opivéko}vb o| ]IVNO] s puomo }ogov ab| |cnucog}o| iabvo|:

}ivno} ; ‑gbkfvo og}igi‛'+ o| cnuia ia gbkfvo mo ai og}igiyuo o|}é moecgcmb og oa pivéko}vb giko mo ai o}cyuo}i 1EVIKO7'

}ivno} ; ‑Rfaigh‛'+ ifvo ugi lbpci moa gionimbv s iaaë kuo|}vi

ai péncgi' }ivno} ; ‑R|oae‛'+ |o kuo|}vi oa dcpovogailo og ai |ufog}igiil}ci'

}ivno} ; ‑Rpivog}‛'+ dcpovogailo og oa 1eviko|o}7 moecgcmbig}ovcbvkog}o ia il}uia |c gb dis gcgnugb! |o kuo|}vi i pig}iaailbkpao}i |upvckcogmb }bmi| ai| |ufog}igi| mo ai pig}iaai'

}ivno} ; ‑R}bp‛'+ |upvcko }bmi| ai| og}igi| s kuo|}vi oadcpovogailo i pig}iaai lbkpao}i'

94

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 19/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

Ebvkaivcb|Ebvkaivcb|

\o u}caczig pivi ai og}vimi s ogëb mo mi}b| mo|mo ugi péncgi ^of'Pbmvokb| u|iv ebvkuaivcb| pivi mc|oùiv luo|}cbgivcb|! pivi dilov pomcmb|!

ogluo|}i|! |uf|lvcplcbgo|!'''Ab| mi}b| |baclc}imb| yuomivég i|blcimb| i ugi ivcifao' _gi ozcg}vbmulcmb|! |ovég ogcimb| i ugi mcvollcüg _VA mbgmo o|}ivé oa pvbnvikiyuo pvblo|o ab| mi}b|' O|}o pvbnviki ot}ovgb |o aaiki LNC $Lbkkbgni}o~is cg}oveilo#'

Ai o}cyuo}i pivi moecgcv ebvkuaivcb| o| 1EBVK7''''1"EBVK7' Ab|pivéko}vb| mo o|}i o}cyuo}i |bg:

Il}cbg ; ‑pvbnviki‛'+ illcüg i voiacziv ia ogciv oa ebvkuaivcb' Ko}dbm ; NO] " PB\]'+ kã}bmb |onúg oa luia |o ogëig mi}b|'

b NO]'+ iabvo| lbkb pivéko}vb|'b PB\]'+ iabvo| lbkb ivcifao| mo og}bvgb'

Likpb| mo og}vimi

Ab| oaokog}b| mo og}vimi mo mi}b| |o mogb}ig lbg ai o}cyuo}i 1CGP_]7yuo }cogo oa pivéko}vb ]SPO lbg ai| o|polceclilcbgo|:

]spo ; }ot}'+ likpb mo }cpb }ot}b' \üab imkc}o ugi aëgoi'O|polceclilcbgo|:

b Giko ; likpbb Kitaogn}d ; gúkovb'+ gúkovb kétckb mo livil}ovo|'b \czo ; gúkovb'+ iglduvi c|cfao'b Uiao ; ‑}ot}b‛'+ iabv cgclcia b pbv moeol}b'

Oj'+ 1CGP_] }spo;‛}ot}‛ giko;‛o+kica‛ kitaogn}d;<00 |czo;507

]spo ; pi||~bvm'+ likpb lbg}vi|oùi' \o o lbg —*–' ]cogo ai|kc|ki| o|polceclilcbgo| yuo oa }cpb }ot}b'

]spo ; ldolhfbt'+ likpb mo ldoyuob bplcüg $gb otlausog}o#' ]spo ; vimcb'+ otlausog}o'

]spo ; vigno'+ likpb pivi og}vimi mo vignb|'

Oj'+ 1CGP_] }spo ; ‑vigno‛ giko ; gb}i kcg ; 9 kit ; 907

]spo ; ckino'+ oa likpb lbg}ogmvé oa iabv mo ai| lbbvmogimi| moapug}b mo ai ckinog pcgldimi'

Oj'+ 1CGP_] }spo ; ‑ckino‛ |vl ; ‑o|}imc|}cli'nce‛7

]spo ; dcmmog'+ likpb mo mi}b| blua}b|' \o ogëi ai cgebvkilcüg mocg}ovã| cg}ovgb'

Oj'+ 1CGP_] }spo ; dcmmog giko ; ‑ov|cüg‛ iauo ; ‑60i‛7

93

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 20/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

]spo ; |fkc}'+ fb}üg mo ogëb' \o voiaczi ai illcüg o|polceclimi ogoa pivéko}vb IL]CBG mo ai o}cyuo}i EBVK'

Oj'+ 1CGP_] }spo ; ‑|ufkc}‛ iauo ; ‑OGUCIV‛ |vl ; ‑fb}üg'nce‛7

]spo ; vo|o}'+ fb}üg mo fbvvimb' \cvo pivi pbgov ab| iabvo|cgclciao|'

Oj'+ 1CGP_] }spo ; ‑vo|o}‛ iauo ; ‑FBVVIV‛7

Likpb| mo |oaollcüg

O|}b| likpb| mo|paconig ugi ac|}i mo bplcbgo|' \o u}caczi ai o}cyuo}i1\OAOL]7'''''1"\OAOL]7 yuo }cogo ab| |cnucog}o| pivéko}vb|:

Giko ; likpb \czo ; gúkovb'+ gúkovb mo bplcbgo| c|cfao|' Ka}cpao'+ povkc}o |oaollcbgiv ké| mo ug iabv pivi oa likpb'

Ai| mceovog}o| bplcbgo| mo ai ac|}i |o cgmclig lbg ai o}cyuo}i 1BP]CBG7yuo }cogo oa pivéko}vb |oaol}om' $bplcüg pbv moeol}b#'

Oj'+ 1\OAOL] giko;&Lcumimo|&71BP]CBG iauo;&9&7Jiog1BP]CBG iauo;&6&7Nvigimi1BP]CBG iauo;&<&7\ocaai

1"\OAOL]7

Évoi| mo }ot}b

Vopvo|og}ig ug likpb mo }ot}b mo kúa}cpao| aëgoi| s ipivolog lbkb ugiliji yuo |o u}caczi pivi cglaucv lbkog}ivcb|'

\o u}caczi ai o}cyuo}i 1]OT]IVOI7''''''1"]OT]IVOI7 yuo }cogo ab||cnucog}o| pivéko}vb|:

Giko ; likpb Lba| ; gúkovb'+ gúkovb mo lbaukgi| mo }ot}b c|cfao|' Vb~| ; gúkovb Iacng ; }bp " kcmmao " fb}}bk " aoe} " vcnd} ^vip ; UCV]_IA " PDS\CLIA

b UCV]_IA'+ ogëi }bmb oa }ot}b |onucmb'b PDS\CLIA'+ ogëi ai| aëgoi| mo }ot}b |opivimi| og aëgoi|

eë|cli|'

Oj'+ 1]OT]IVOI giko ; mcvollcüg vb~| ; 50 lba| ; ?7 1"]OT]IVOI7

60

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 21/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

Kivyo|cgi|

\o u}caczi ai o}cyuo}i 1KIVY_OO7'''''1"KIVY_OO7 yuo }cogo ab||cnucog}o| pivéko}vb|:

Iacng ; }bp " kcmmao " fb}}bk'+ iacgoi oa }ot}b cg}ovcbv mo aikivyuo|cgi' Fnlbabv ; ‑lümcnb lbabv‛'+ cgmcli oa lbabv mo ebgmb mo ai

kivyuo|cgi' Mcvol}cbg ; aoe} " vcnd} " mb~g " p'+ cgmcli dilci mbgmo |o

mo|paizi oa }ot}b' Docnd} " ~cm}d ; gúkovb " /'+ ia}uvi s iglduvi mo ai kivyuo|cgi' Abbp ; gúkovb " CGECGC]O'+ cgmcli oa gúkovb mo olo| yuo |o

mo|paizi oa }ot}b pbv ai kivyuo|cgi' \lvbaamoais ; gúkovb'+ cgmcli oa gúkovb mo kcac|onugmb| yuo }ivmi

og vo|lvcfcv|o oa }ot}b pbv ai kivyuo|cgi' I ug gúkovb kisbv! ké|

aog}b |ové oa mo|paizikcog}b' \lvbaakbg} ; gúkovb'+ cgmcli ai oablcmim og kcac|onugmb| molimi livél}ov'

Fodiucbv ; \ACMO " IA]OVGI]O'+ cgmcli oa lbkpbv}ikcog}b moa}ot}b'

b \ACMO'+ |o mo|paizi s |o yuomi yuco}i'b IA]OVGI]O'+ vofb}i

Oj'+ 1KIVY_OO fnlbabv;‛vom‛ ~cm}d ; ?0/ |lvbaamoais ; 07 DBAI1"KIVY_OO7

\bgcmb

\o u}caczi ai o}cyuo}i 1FN\B_GM7 yuo }cogo lbkb pivéko}vb|:

\vl ; ‑gbkfvo ecldovb |bgcmb‛'+ cgmcli oa ecldovb i il}civ iaog}viv og ai péncgi' Ai ot}og|cüg puomo |ov '~i! 'kcm‥

Abbp ; gúkovb " CGECGC]O'+ cgmcli oa gúkovb mo olo| yuo |ovopvbmulcvé oa |bgcmb' \c pbgokb| CGECGC]O! oa |bgcmb |o vopvbmulcvédi|}i ifigmbgiv ai péncgi'

Oj'+ 1FN\B_GM |vl ; ‑so|}ovmis'kcm‛ abbp ; CGECGC]O7

69

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 22/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

Uëmob

\o u}caczi ai o}cyuo}i 1CKN MSG\VL ; ‑gbkfvo ecldovb uëmob‛7' Aiot}og|cüg moa ecldovb o| 'IUC' O|}i o}cyuo}i }cogo lbkb pivéko}vb|:

Abbp ; gúkovb " CGECGC]O \}iv} ; ECAOBPOG " KB_\OBUOV

b ECAOBPOG'+ oa ëmob okpcozi i ojolu}iv|o ia ecgiacziv ai livnimo ai péncgi'

b KB_\OBUOV'+ oa ëmob okpcozi i ojolu}iv|o luigmb oa u|uivcbkuoo oa vi}üg |bfvo ai ckinog'

Lbg}vba|'+ pivi lbg}vbaiv ai ckinog' Abbpmoais ; gúkovb'+ o|polcecli og kcac|onugmb|! luig}b }cokpb

}vig|luvvo og}vo ugi s b}vi vopo}clcüg' ^cm}d " docnd} ; gúkovb " /'+ iglduvi s ia}uvi moa ëmob'

Kipi| |og|cfao|

\bg mcfujb| cg}ovil}cb| si yuo povkc}o voiacziv mceovog}o| dcpovogailo| ogeuglcüg mo ai zbgi mo ai ckinog yuo pua|okb|' Pivi lvoiv ugi ckinog|og|cfao o| golo|ivci ai o|polceclilcüg mo ai| mc|}cg}i| évoi| mo ai ckinog sab| ogailo| yuo il}civég limi ugi mo oaai|' Pivi oaab cg|ov}ivokb| oapivéko}vb _\OKIP og ai o}cyuo}i CKN' O|}o pivéko}vb |ové cnuia iaecldovb og oa yuo |o ogluog}vi moecgcmb oa kipi pvolomcmb pbv oa livél}ov ,'

Pivi moecgcv oa kipi u|ivokb| ai o}cyuo}i 1KIP7''''''1"KIP7 yuo }cogolbkb pivéko}vb:

Giko ; ‑gbkfvo ecldovb‛ $gbkfvo moa ecldovb mbgmo o|}é moecgcmb oakipi#'

Pivi moecgcv ai| mceovog}o| évoi| |og|cfao| moa kipi u|ivokb| ai o}cyuo}i1IVOI7 $mog}vb mo ai o}cyuo}i 1KIP7# yuo }cogo lbkb pivéko}vb|:

\dipo ; $ebvki moa évoi#b Lcvlao'+ golo|c}ikb| oa log}vb $t! s# s oa vimcb'b Vol}'+ golo|c}ikb| oa ãv}clo |upovcbv czyucovmb s oa ãv}clo

cgeovcbv movoldb'b Pbcg}'+ golo|c}ikb| ug pug}b'b Pbas'+ pbaënbgb mo lükb kétckb 90 ãv}clo|'b Buia'+ golo|c}ikb| oa ãv}clo |upovcbv czyucovmb s oa ãv}clo

cgeovcbv movoldb'b Moeia}'+ zbgi gb moecgcmi |cg ogailo' Pbgmvokb| ugi _VA pbv

moeol}b' Lbbvm|  ; ‑lbbvmogimi|‛'+ mopogmovég mo ai ebvki mo évoi

o|lbncmi' Dvoe ; ‑péncgi'd}ka‛ Gbdvoe '+ |c gb yuovokb| yuo disi gimi ia dilov lacl'

66

5/10/2018 HTML - Teoría - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/html-teoria 23/23

 

  Ipaclilcbgo| ̂ of

Oj'+1FBMS71KIP giko ; ‑kipo}‛71IVOI |dipo ; ‑vol}‛ lbbvm| ; ‑0! 0! 900! 50‛ dvoe ; ‛ugb'd}ka‛71IVOI |dipo ; ‑vol}‛ lbbvm| ; ‑0! 59! 900! 960‛ dvoe ; ‛mb|'d}ka‛71IVOI |dipo ; ‑vol}‛ lbbvm| ; ‑0! 969! 900! 940‛ dvoe ; ‛}vo|'d}ka‛71"KIP71CKN |vl ; ‑ivoiR|og|cfao'nce‛ ~cm}d ;900 docnd} ; 940 u|okip ;,kipo}71"FBMS7

Cg|ov}iv oaokog}b| ijogb| ia giuonimbv

_|ivokb| ai o}cyuo}i 1OKFOM7''''''1"OKFOM7 yuo |cvo pivi cg|ov}ivluiayucov oaokog}b ijogb ia gionimbv $'lmv! '|~e! 'eai! '~va# s yuo golo|c}omo ug paun+cg pivi |u vopvbmullcüg' Go}|lipo u}caczi o|}i o}cyuo}i pivi

cg|ov}iv |bgcmb|' ]cogo ab| |cnucog}o| pivéko}vb|:

\vl ; ‑gbkfvo ecldovb‛ Docnd} " ~cm}d ; gúkovb " /'+ ia}uvi s iglduvi moa oaokog}b moa

ecldovb' I}b|}iv} ; ] " E'+ cgmcli |c oa oaokog}b |o vopvbmulo ia livniv ai

péncgi' Ubako ; gúkovb Abbp ; ] " E Dcmmog ; ] " E'+ pbv |c gb yuovokb| yuo |o oi oa vopvbmul}bv' Ai

pvbpcomim Iu}b|}iv} di mo o|}iv i ]' Iacng '+ iacgoi oa vopvbmul}bv vo|pol}b ia }ot}b' Lbg}vba| ; |kiaalbg|bao U|pilo " d|pilo ; gúkovb " /'+ cgmclig oa o|pilcb ov}clia s

dbvczbg}ia' Fbvmov ; gúkovb giko ; ‑gbkfvo‛'+ pivi voeovoglciv ia bfjo}b' Pancg|pilo'+ pbv |c oa u|uivcb gb }cogo cg|}iaimb oa paun+cg yuo

kuo|}vi oa oeol}b! ia pua|iv |bfvo ãa! ã|}o ao aaoivé i ai mcvollcüg moCg}ovgo} mbgmo puomo oglbg}vivab'

Yiac}s ; ‑dcnd "kcmmao " ab~‛

Oj'+ 1OKFOM pauncg|pilo;d}}p:""~~~'kilvbkomci'lbk7 Oeol}b 1"OKFOM7

6<